Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering

Temporary Works Design - Assignment 1

Table of Content

1. Introduction P.1-2

2. List of Design Codes and Reference P.2

3. Design Concrete Pressure P.3-4

4. Plywood Form Face Design P.5

5 Solider Design P.6-8

6. Waling Design P.9-11

7. Wall Tie Design P.12

8. Stability Check on Wall Form P.13-14

9. Formwork Layout P.15

10. Method Statement for Construction of Shaft P.16

Wall

11. Appendix P. 17-32

Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering
Temporary Works Design - Assignment 1

1. Introduction

This report cover the design of formwork for the 250mm thick shaft wall which is
adjoining to the existing constructed concrete wall.

The following are general information of the proposed wall:

 The wall dimension is 8m width x 5m height
 Density of concrete: 2500kg/m3
 Wall thickness: 250mm
 Rate of placing: 2.5m/hour
 Slump of concrete: 100mm
 Concrete temporary: 25℃

Design Data and Assumption

 Assumption:
i) The adjoining wall is constructed by grade 35D/20 reinforced concrete within
site area, so that the assumed structural stability is good enough to insert the
anchor wall ties and formed as side formwork. The design calculation will be
checked separately.
ii) 50mm thick joint filler provided to isolate the constructed wall and the
proposed new concrete wall.
iii) 150mm floor slab is constructed by grade 35D/20 reinforced concrete to
ensure the floor level is even for the proposed formwork and support installation.
iv) The wall shall e constructed in one pour of concrete.

 The following plywood & timber are used:

i) Canadian 19mm Douglas Fir 7 ply sanded plywood;
ii) Canadian Douglas Fir larch GS timber graded to BS4978 (i.e. SC3 timber to
BS5268)

 Design of the wall form arranged as follows:

i) 1200mm x 2400mm x 19mm thk. plywood as form sheating bid with grain
horizontally across solider supports.
ii) 75mm x 100mm SC3vertical soliders @ 200mm c/c
iii) 75mm x 125mm twin SC3 waling @ 400mm c/c
iv) 12mmΦ mild steel wall tie @ 450mm c/c
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering
Temporary Works Design - Assignment 1

 Design Loading:
i) Concrete lateral pressure based on CIRIA Report 108
ii) Design wind pressure= 0.28KN/m2
(Working wind based on section 5.1.5 of formwork - A Guide to Good Practice
- By Joint Committee of the Concrete Society & the Institution of Structural
Engineers)

2. List of Design Codes and References

a) Falsework: BS 5975: 1996 - Code of Practice for Falsework

b) BS 5950: 1990 Structural Use of Steel Work in Building
c) Formwork - A Guide to Good Practice
d) BS 5268: Part 2: 1991 - The Structural Use of Timber
e) Code of Practice on Wind Effects in HK 2004
f) CIRIA Report 108 " Concrete Pressure on Formwork"
g) Hilti HIT-RE500 Injection Adhesive
Given Data
The wall dimension is 8 m width x 5 m height
Density of Concrete: 2500 kg/m³
Concrete Slump: 100 mm
Wall Thickness: 0.25 m

Design Assumption:
T = 25 °C
C1 = 1 √(mh)
C2 = 0.3 √(mh)
D = 25 KN/m³
R = 2.5 m/hour
H = 5m

½ = 1.5811 < H = 5 m
C1 x (R)
Checked Ok (refer Appendix A)

Formula for Concrete Pressure on Formwork,

Pmax = D(C1√R + C2 K( √(H-C1√R))

T = Concrete temperature at placing, ℃

C1= Coefficient dependent on the size and shape of formwork
( Refer to Appendix A for values), √(mh)
C2= Coefficient dependent on the constituent materials of the concrete
( Refer to Appendix A for values), √(mh)
D = Weight density of concrete, KN/m³
H = Vertical for height,m
h= Vertical pour height,m
K = Temperature coefficient taken as (36/(T+16))²
R= the rate at which the concrete rises vertically up the form, m/h

The temperature coefficient:

K = (36/(T+16))²

= (36/(25+16))²

= 0.771

Maximum concrete pressure on formwork:

Pmax = D(C1√R + C2 K( √(H-C1√R))

= 25 x (1 x 2.5½ + 0.3 x 0.771 x (5-(1x2.5½))½)

= 50.22 KN/m² < DH = 125 KN/m²

Therefore, Design concrete pressure is 50.22 KN/m²

Pmax/D = 50.22/25
= 2.009 m Design pressure
envelope

2.009 Pmax
D

2.991

50.22KN/m2

125KN/m2
Side Form Sheathing Design:
Material: 19mm plywood spans 200mm over 75x100mm SC3 timber solider

L = 200 mm = 0.2 m < 610mm over 3 equal spans

t = 19 mm B> 2t, with load sharing
fZ = 0.489 KNm/m
qA = 6.79 KN/m =>Perm. Average shear force= 4.527 KN/m
EI = 3.26 KNm²/m
Pmax = 50.22 KNm² (From Concere Pressure Design)

Plan view of side form sheathing

W = Pmax(L)
= 50.22 x 0.20
= 10.044 KN/m (UDL)

M = 0.095WL
= 0.095 x 10.044 x 0.200
= 0.191 KNm/m < 0.489 KNm/m Checked OK

S = (K x0.5 x (L-B-t) x W)/L (where K=1.05 refer Appendix C)

= (1.05x0.5x(0.20-0.075-0.019)x10.044)/0.2
= 2.795 KN/m < 4.527 KN/m
It's o.k.

d = 0.0066 (W) L³
EI

= 0.0066 x 10.044 x 0.2³

3.26

= 0.163 mm < L/270 (Refer to Appendix D )

= 0.163 mm < 0.740 mm

It's o.k

R = W = 10.044 KN/m
Soldier Design:
Material: 75x100mm SC3 timber solider span 400mm over twin 75x150mm walings

L = 400 mm with load sharing effect

A = 6984 mm²
I = 5480000 mm4 Refer to Appendix E
Z = 113000 mm²
Emean = 8800 N/mm²
Refer to Appendix F
Emin = 5800 N/mm²

K1 = 1.08
K2 = 0.80
Refer to Appendix F
K3 = 1.25
K4 = 1.14

K7 = 1.17 for h  72mm (h=nominal depth)

= (300/h) 0.11 for h  72mm  300mm

= 0.81 x ( h ² + 92300)
for h > 300mm
(h² + 56800)

Hence, K7 = (300/75)0.11
= 1.165

K8 = 1.1
f = 5.3 N/mm²
q = 0.67 N/mm²
σ = 2.2 N/mm²
Pmax = 10.044 KN/m

EI = K1 x K2 x Emean x I

= 1.08 x 0.80 x 8800 x 5480000

= 41.666 KNm²

Perm. M.O.R. = K1 x K2 x K3 x K7

x K8 x f x Z

= 1.08 x 0.80 x 1.25 x 1.165

x 1.1 x 5.30 x 113000

= 0.829 KNm
Soldier Design:
Material: 75x100mm SC3 timber solider span 400mm over twin 75x150mm walings

Perm. Aver. Shear = K1 x K2 x

K3 x K8 x
q x A  1.5

= 1.080 x 0.80 x
1.25 x 1.1 x
0.67 x 6984  1.5

= 3.706 KN

Perm. Bearing Stress = K1 x K2 x K3 x

K4 x K8 x 1.2

x Comp. perp. to grain

= 1.08 x 0.80 x 1.25 x

1.14 x 1 x 1.2 x
2.2

= 3575.405 KN/m²

W = 10.044 x 0.4

= 4.018 KN (UDL)

M = 0.107 x W x L

= 0.107 x 4.018 x 0.4

= 0.172 KNM < Perm. M.O.R. = 0.829 KNm It's ok

S = 0.607 W
= 0.607 x 4.018
= 2.439 KN < Perm. Av. Shear =3.706 KN It's ok
Soldier Design:
Material: 75x100mm SC3 timber solider span 400mm over twin 75x150mm walings

d = 0.00646 W L³
EI

= 0.00646 x 4018 x 0.4³

41.666

= 0.040 mm < L/270= 1.5 mm It's ok

R = 1.143 W
= 1.143 x 4.018
= 4.592 KN
Side Form Waling Design:
Choosen Material:
Twin 75x 150mm SC3 timber waling spans 450mm over wall ties

L = 450 mm
= 0.45 m
A = each @ 10440 mm²
= 2 x 10440
= 20880 mm²

I = each @ 1.83E+06 mm4

= 2 x 1830000
= 3660000 mm4 Refer to Appendix E

Z = each @ 2.52E+05 mm²

= 2 x 252000
= 504000 mm²

Emin = 5800 N/mm²

K1 = 1.08
K2 = 0.80
K3 = 1.25
K4 = 1.14

K7 = 1.17 for h  72mm

= (300/h) 0.11 for h  72mm  300mm

= 0.81 x ( h ² + 92300) for h > 300mm

(h² + 56800)

Hence,
K7 = (300/75)0.11
= 1.165

K8 = 1.1
f = 5.3 N/mm²
q = 0.67 N/mm²
σ = 2.2 N/mm²
Pmax = 10.044 KN/m

EI = K1 x K2
x Emin x I

= 1.08 x 0.80
x 5800 x 3660000

= 18.341 KNm²
Side Form Waling Design:
Choosen Material:
Twin 75x 150mm SC3 timber waling spans 450mm over wall ties

Perm. M.O.R. = K1 x K2 x
K3 x K7 x
K8 x f x
Z

= 1.08 x 0.80 x
1.25 x 1.165 x
1.1 x 5.30 x
504000

= 3.696 KNm

Perm. Aver. Shear = K1 x K2 x

K3 x K8 x
q x A 
1.5

= 1.080 x 0.80 x
1.25 x 1.1 x
0.67 x 20880 
1.5

= 11.080 KN

Perm. Bearing Stress = K1 x K2 x

K3 x K4 x
K8 x 1.2 x
Comp. perp. to grain(σ)

= 1.08 x 0.80 x
1.25 x 1.14 x
1.1 x 1.2 x
2.2

= 3575.405 KN/m²

P = R = 4.592 KN (UDL)
Side Form Waling Design:
Choosen Material:
Twin 75x 150mm SC3 timber waling spans 450mm over wall ties

M = 5PL
12

= 5 x P x L
12

= 5.000 x 4.592 x 0.45

12

= 0.861 KNm < Perm. M.O.R. 3.696 KNm It's ok

S3 = 3P/2 +10%

= (3 x P)
+ 10%
2

= 7.577 < Perm. Av. Shear = 11.080 KN It's ok

d = 53 P L³
1296 EI

= 53 x 4.592 x 0.45³
1296 x 18

= 0.933 mm < 0.003L = 1.35 mm It's ok

R = (2x(3P/2+10%)

= 2 x 3P + 10%
2

= 2 x 3 x 4.592 + 10%
2

= 15.154 KN

Bearing Stress = 15.154

0.1 x 0.1

= 1515.399 <Perm. Bearing Stress = 3575.405 KN/m²

∴ O.K.
Side Form Wall Tie Design:
Choosen Material:
Wall Tie - 12mm diameter Grade 250 mild yield steel bar welded to Φ12mm
bolt to B.S. 4190:2001 Grade 4.6 complete with Grade 4 nut

Assume adding 25% on temporary work

Diameter = 12 mm

Permissible Tensile Stress = 0.6 fy MPa

= 0.6 x 250
= 0.6 x 250
= 150 MPa

Permissible Tensile Force = A x 150 x 1.25

= 0.012² xπ x150000 x1.25

4

= 21.195 KN >R = 15.154 KN

∴ O.K.
Stability Check on Wall Form
Material: Hit RE500 Injection Adhesive with embedment depth 120mm, Y12 steel bar

Ultimate mean pull-out load = 74.2 KN > Pmax = 50.220 KN

Min. F.O.S. = 1.2

F.O.S. against overturning check

From appendix H, the qz = 1.82 as the height at 5m.

For temporary work, only 70% wind load can be used.

Design Wind Pressure = 0.70 x 1.82

= 1.27 KPa

Typical self-weight of wall form + construction operation load:

= 0.59 + 1.5
= 2.09 KPa

F.O.S. against overturning

Restoring Moment
=
Wind Overturning Moment

0.59 x 0.40 + 1.5 x 0.70

=
1.27 x 2.009

= 1.009 < Required F.O.S. 1.2

Using Permissible Compressive Stress of Strut = 1.32 N/mm² (from Appendix I)

F.O.S. against overturning

Restoring Moment
=
Wind Overturning Moment

= 0.59 x 0.10 + 0.2 x 1.32 cos 45

1.5 x 0.20 +
1.32 sin 45 x 2.75
 (1.27x2.75)

= 1.73 > F.O.S. = 1.2 ∴ O.K.

Therefore, the wall form shall always be tied or braced to permanent structure for
maintaining its stability.
Stability Check on Wall Form
Material: Hit RE500 Injection Adhesive with embedment depth 120mm, Y12 steel bar

=1.27 KPa
Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering
Temporary Works Design - Assignment 1

9. Formwork Layout

ELEVATION AND SECTION OF DESIGNED WALL FORM

450 450

450
450

Twin75x150mm SC3
450 TIMBER WALING @450MM C/C 450

450 450

75x150mm SC3

Equally spaced @ 450mm

Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering
Temporary Works Design - Assignment 1

10. Method Statement for Construction of Shaft Wall

1. Erect temporary working platform with safe guardrails and toe boards which
complied with the statutory requirement and regulation.

2. Install the anchor wall ties into the adjoining constructed wall according to the
spacing as specified in the design calculation.

3. Laying 50mm thick approved joint filler to the surface of adjoining constructed
wall to isolate the structures.

4. Rebar fixing for the designed shaft wall with sufficient concrete spacers to ensure
suitable concrete cover.

5. Erection of 19mm thk. plywood, timber soldiers and walings. (75mm x 100mm
soldier @ 200mm c/c; twin 75mm x 125mm waling @ 400mm c/c)

6. Fasten up the 12mm dia. wall ties, sleeves and cone spreader @ 450mm c/c.

7. Install the inclined 50mm x 100mm struts @ 400mm c/c.

8. Checking the verticality of wall form and final condition inspection.

9. Commencement of concreting work for the shaft wall.

Postgraduate Certificate in Building Engineering
Temporary Works Design - Assignment 1

Appendix
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