Nusaiba AL-Mazinia for Midwifery and Allied Medical Health

Epidemiology / Sterilization
First year students
Midterm Exam
Second semester 2023-2024

Name: Date: 28/4/2024

Please, read the following statements carefully and circle the correct answer:

1. Which of the following is also known as retrospective studies?

A. Cohort studies
B. Descriptive studies
C. Experimental studies
D. Case control studies

2. Total number of deaths reported during a given time interval divide in total
number of populations in same time interval is called?
A. death rate
B. Crude death rate
C. mortality rate
D. proportional mortality

3. Which of the following term provides true representation of whole

population?
A. Case series study
B. Cohort study
C. Case reporting
D. Sample
4. The number of new cases occurring in a defined population during a specified
period of time is called?
A. Prevalence
B. Incidence
C. a and b
D. Mortality rate

5. In descriptive epidemiology disease described in terms of;

A. What, Why and How
B. Host, Agent and Environment
C. Time, Place and Person
D. Agent, Place and Person

6. In which of the following study we compare one group among whom the
problem is present and another group where problem is absent?
A. Case control study
B. Case Series
C. Cohort study
D. Case Report

7. The profile of single patient is reported in detail for sings, symptoms,

diagnosis, follow-up, is?
A. Case control study
B. Case Series
C. Investigation
D. Case Report

8. When total number of deaths due to measles is presented in relation to the

total cases of measles, it is best labeled as?
A. Cause specific death rate
B. Incidence rate
C. Prevalence rate
D. Case fatality rate
9.When the number of educated females is expressed as a percentage of total
females present in a village It is known as?
A. Proportion
B. Rate
C. Ratio
D. Frequency

10. All of the following studies is Observational except?

A. Experimental
B. Cross-sectional
C. Case control
D. Cohort

11. A doctor is required to study the incidence of silicosis in a stone cutting

industry, which study design should he choose?
A. Cohort
B. Cross-sectional
C. Ecological surveys
D. Case reports

12. An expert in the field of public health is required to estimate the magnitude
(burden) of a health problem. Which rate would he calculate for this?
A. Incidence
B. Prevalence
C. Case fatality
D. Proportionate mortality
 13.Incidence is defined as?
A. No. of cases existing in a given population at a given moment
B. No. of existing in a given period
C. No. of cases new occurring during a specific period
D. No. of old cases presents during a specific period in a given population

14.Study of person who had already contracted (have) the disease is called?
A. case controls
B. cohort study
C. control cohort
D. none

15.Double blind study means?

A. observer is blind about the study
B. person or group being observed are blind about study
C. both observer and observed(subject) group is blind
D. interpreters and analyzers are blind about the study

16.Prevalence (burden) of cataract at one point of time can be determined by?

A. case report study
B. Cross- sectional study
C. Surveillance
D. Cohort study
17.Incidence rate can be calculated from?
A. Cohort study
B. Case control study
C. Cross sectional study
D. Descriptive study

18.Descriptive epidemiology includes all Except?

A. Testing hypothesis
B. Place
C. Time
D. person

19.The rate between the incidence of disease among exposed and non-exposed is
called?
A. Causal risk
B. Relative risk
C. Attributable risk
D. Odds ratio

20. You are in hospital and want to do research about the outcome of babies born
to diabetic mothers and want to compare the result with the babies born to non -
diabetic. Which study will be the best study?
A. Cross sectional study.
C. Case control study
B. Cohort study.
D. Case report study
21.The study, in which a group population have been followed since the 1950s
until 1955s to identify the risk factors for heart disease, is an example of which
type of study?
A. Cohort study.
B. Case control study.
C. Experimental study.
D. Cross- sectional study.
22. Influenza pandemic occurs after every 7 – 10 years. This kind of disease
distribution in time is known as:

A. Secular trend
B. short time fluctuation
C. Cyclical trend
D. Seasonal trend

23. The trend in mortality from tuberculosis in England showed a steady fall in
years 1855 – 1965 but thereafter a gradual rise in the incidence of this disease was
reported This type of time trend or fluctuation in disease occurrence is termed as:

A. Epidemic trend
B. Cyclical trend
C. Seasonal trend
D. Secular trend

24. Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis affected a large proportion of population over

a wide geographic area in 1971 and 1981. This spread of disease is:

A. Epidemic
B. Pandemic
C. Endemic
D. Sporadic
25. In an epidemiological study the incidence of disease in females is more than
that of males but the prevalence is equal in both. It indicates:

A. Case fatality is more in female

B. Mortality in male is higher
C. Disease is of less duration in males
D. Females harbour disease for longer duration

26. Every year during the winter season the hospital admissions are more for
pneumonia cases. This year also about 358 children with pneumonia were admitted
in the Pediatric department of POF Hospital between the months of Jan – Mar
2007. This increased frequency of respiratory infections during winter months is an
example of:

A. Epidemic trend
B. Cyclical trend
C. Seasonal trend
D. Secular trend

27. All the following diseases can be prevented by vaccination except:

A. Measles
B. Mumps
C. Malaria
D. Tuberculosis

28. Japan has low incidence of prostate cancer as compared to the incidence in US
The incidence of carcinoma prostate increases in Japanese when migrate to U.S.
This supports:

A. Nutritional effect
B. Environmental effect
C. Genetic effect
D. Occupational effect
29. The mode of transmission most difficult to prevent is:

A. Person-to-person spread
B. Droplet spread
C. Vector borne spread
D. Transmission through soil

30. In an outbreak of cholera in a village of 2,000 population, 20 cases have

occurred and 5 die Case fatality rate is:

A. 1%
B. 0.25%
C. 5%
D. 25%

End of questions
Good Luck

Dr. Motasem Hsainat