CHAPTER-5

SINGLY INFINITE LAPLACE- FINITE MELLIN TRANSFORM

5.1 Introduction

The integral transform have played a vital role in every aspect of

applied mathematics for a very long time and have assumed a greater
significance with the advent of the computers and advanced software. There
are several transforms which are used to solve differential equations arising in
engineering problems. These include Laplace, Mellin, Fourier, and fractional
Fourier transform etc. The singly infinite Laplace transform is commonly used
to analyze signals, linear models and control systems. V Sharma and P
Deshmukh in [86] have defined distributional two dimensional fractional
Mellin transform with compact support. I Reed in [33] had described the
fabulous idea about Mellin type double integral. K Shennawy et al in [42] had
found two different solutions for a voltage step response. During the last few
decades, however, there have been significant generalizations of the idea of
integral transform, and many new uses of the transform method have evolved.

In this chapter, we introduced the singly infinite Laplace-finite Mellin

transform as an extension of Laplace transform and extended it by combining
two transform Laplace and Mellin transform. Here we used the singly infinite
Laplace transforms, double singly infinite Laplace transform and Mellin
transform. Also studied the relation between Laplace and Mellin Transforms
(SIL-FM relation).We applied the combine transforms on the Transmission
line equations [11].

5.2 Relation between Double Singly Infinite Laplace Transform and

Mellin Transform

The double singly infinite Laplace transform is denoted and defined by


  sx  ry 
L2  f  x, y  , s, 0, , r , 0,     e f  x, y  dx dy ,
00

55
where the double integral is exists for r > 0 and s > 0 parameters.

L2  f  x, y  , s, 0, , r , 0,     sxery f x, y dx dy
 e  
00

   y r
  e  e  f  x, y  dx dy
sx (5.2.1)
 
00
We used the change of variable method. So that the combined transform
converted into the form of Mellin type transform.

z y dz
On substituting y   log   then z  ae , dy  
a z
If y  0 then z  a and if y   then z  0

0 r
 z   z   dz
L2  f  x, y  , s, 0, , r , 0,      e  a  f  x,  log  a   dx z
sx
0a
a
L2  f  x, y  , s, 0, , r , 0,    r e sx z r  1 f x, z dx dz
 a   (5.2.2)
00
This equation is the relation between one sided Laplace transform and finite
Mellin transform with parameters s  0and r  0 in the range 0,  and 0, a  , is

denoted as-

L1M  f  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0,a 

f
R.H.S. is the singly infinite Laplace- finite Mellin transform for f  x, z  in the

range 0,  , 0, a  and defined by

a
 f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   r e sx z r  1 f x, z dx dz
L1M
f   a   (5.2.3)
00
In next part we verified the properties for this new singly infinite Laplace-
finite Mellin transform as like Laplace transform properties.

56
5.3 Properties for Singly Infinite Laplace-Finite Mellin Transform

P1] Property 1: Linearity Property

SIL-FM transform is a linear operator. If α, β, γ be any arbitrary constants and

f  x, z  , g  x, z  , h  x, z  are the functions, then

L1M  f  x, z    g  x, z    h  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0,a 

f

  L1M  f  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0,a    L1M g  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0,a  

f f
(5.3.1)
 L1M  h  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0,a 
f

P2] Property 2: Change of Scale Property

If α, β be any scalar and f  x, z  is any function, then

L1M  f  x,  z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f 
(5.3.2)
1  s 
 L1M f  p, q  , , 0, , r , 0, a  
f   
 r
Proof: By using definition of (5.2.3),

L1M  f  x,  z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f
a
   a r e sx z r  1 f  x,  z  dx dz
00

Put α x= p ⟹, β z = q,

As x→0, p→0 and as x →∞,p→∞

z→0, q→0 and as z →a, q →a𝛽

57
 L1M  f  x,  z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f 

 a sp
 r 1
q
a r e   
dp dq
   f  p, q 
   
0 0

 s
 a   p
a e   q r  1 f  p, q  dp dq

1
 
 r
 r 0 0

1  s 
 L1M f  f  p, q  , , 0, , r , 0, a 
 r   

P3] Property 3: Power Property

If β be any scalar and f  x, z  is any function, then


L1M  f  x, z
  , s,0, , r ,0, a   1 L1M  f x, t , s,0, , r ,0, a  
   f 
   (5.3.3)
f     
Proof: By using definition of (5.2.3),
a

L1M  f  x, z
  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   r e sx z r  1 f  x, z   dx dz
f   
   a 



00

1
 
Put, z  t  z  t ,

dz 
1 t 1   1 dt


As z→0, t→0 and as z →a, t  a



    
we get, L1M f  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
 x, z
f    
  

a
  1 
  
r 1
1 1
  
   a r e sx  t 
1
f  x, t  dx t dt
  
0 0  
 

58
 a

a r e sx  t  
r
1
f  x, t  dx dt
1

  
0 0
1  r 
 L1M f  f  x, t  , s, 0, , , 0, a 
   

P4] Property 4: First Shifting Property

L1M e x f  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0, a   L1M  f  x, z  , s   ,0, , r,0, a 

f   f
Proof: By using definition of Laplace-finite Mellin transform,

L1M e x f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f  
a
   a r e sx z r  1e x f  x, z  dx dz
00
a
r   s    x r 1
  a e z f  x, z  dx dz
00
 L1M  f  x, z  , s   , 0, , r, 0, a 
f  (5.3.4)

P5] Property 5: Derivative Property

1] First order derivative:

L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f  x 
a
   a r e sx z r  1 f x  x, z  dx dz
00
a 

 a zr r  1dz  e sx f x  x, z  dx
0 0

59
By using integration by parts, we get
a    
     sx   
 a zr r 1dz  e f  x, z   ( s)  e sx f  x, z  dx 
  0
0   0 

a
 (s)   a r e sx f  x, z  z r  1dx dz  k
00
a
Where, k   a r z r  1 f  0, z  dz
0

L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f  x 
 ( s) L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   k (5.3.5)
f
2] Second order derivative:

L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f  xx 
a
   a r e sx z r  1 f xx  x, z  dx dz
00
a 

 a zr r  1dz  e sx f xx  x, z  dx
0 0
By using integration by parts, we get

a    
     sx   
 a zr r 1dz  e f x  x, z   ( s)  e sx f x  x, z  dx 
 0
0  0 

a
 (s)   a r e sx f x  x, z  z r  1dx dz
00
a
r r  1 f 0, z dz  0

Where, a z x  (By using DUIS)
0

60
By using equation (5.3.5),

 ( s 2 ) L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   sk
f 

 L1M  f  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0, a 

f  xx 
(5.3.6)
 ( s 2 ) L1M  f  x, z  , s,0, , r ,0,a   sk
f

Similarly, L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r, 0, a 
f  xxx
(5.3.7)
 ( s3 ) L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   s 2k
f
In general,

L1M  f n  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f  x 
(5.3.8)
 ( s n ) L1M  f  x, z  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   s n  1k
f 

5.4 Applications of Singly Infinite Laplace-Finite Mellin Transform

We applied the derivative property for the illustration of Telegraph

equation and solution on one of the high-frequency line equation or Radio
equation using singly infinite Laplace-finite Mellin transforms (SIL-FM).
1] Solving Radio Equation

Equation of transmission lines for voltage and current are given by

v i
  Ri  L (5.4.1)
x t

i v
  C  Gv (5.4.2)
x t

For R  G  0 , the above equations becomes,

v i
 L (5.4.3)
x t

61
 i v
 C (5.4.4)
x t

Eliminating i from equations (5.4.2) and (5.4.3), differentiate equation (5.4.3)

partially with respect to x and equation (5.4.4) partially with respect to t, we
get

 2v  2i
 L (5.4.5)
x 2 xt

 2i  2v
and  C (5.4.6)
xt t 2
Using equation (5.4.6) in equation (5.4.5), we get

 2v  2v
 LC (5.4.7)
x 2 t 2
This is one of the high-frequency line equation or Radio equation
similar to one dimensional wave equation. We illustrate this equation by using
singly infinite Laplace-finite Mellin Transform.
Satisfying the initial and boundary conditions

i] If t=0 then v(x,0)=0 for all t

(5.4.8)
ii] If t = l then v(x, l)=0 for all t

Solution: Taking SIL-FM transform of equation (5.4.7) we get,

L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f  xx 
(5.4.9)

 
 LC D 2 L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
t f

By using (5.3.6) we get,

( s 2 ) L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   sk
f 


 LC D 2 L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
t f 
62
  s2  1 sk
D 2   L M v  x, t  , s,0, , r ,0,a    (5.4.10)
 t LC  f LC
 
This is a linear differential equation with constant coefficient. Its solution is as
follows-
The auxiliary equation is
 s2 
D 2  0
 t LC 
 
s
D  
LC

The roots are real and different .Therefore the complimentary function is given
by –
s s
t  t
C.F.  Ae LC  Be LC

1 sk 0t k
P.I.  e 
2
s LC s
D2
t LC

The complete solution of equation (5.4.10) is given by,

L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f 
s s (5.4.11)
t  t
L C L C k
 Ae  Be 
s
Applying the boundary conditions (5.4.8), we get

k
0  A B  , and
s
s s
l  l
LC LC k
0  Ae  Be 
s
Solving these two equations we get,

63
  sl  sl 1 sl  
   
k    
B   e LC  e LC  1  e LC  
s    
   
   
 
 sl 1

 sl   sl  
k   LC   
A   e LC  e LC  e  1  1
s     
   
    
 
The equation (5.4.11) becomes,

L1M v  x, t  , s,0, , r ,0,a 

f
 1
 sl  sl   sl   
st
k     
  e LC  e LC   e LC  1  1 e LC
s     
   
     
 
 1 

sl  sl   sl 
 st 
    
  e LC  e LC   1  e LC  e LC  1
 




 
    
  

a
Where, k   a r t r  1v  0, t  dt
0
  sl   st
1 
k sl   
LC  1  1 e LC
  2 sinh  e 
s  LC    
 

    

  sl    st  (5.4.12)
 1   
 sl  
  2 sinh  1  e LC  e LC  1
 LC  


 

   


64
2] Solving Telegraph Equation

 2v v 
 RC 
x 2 t  (5.4.13)
 Telegraph equations
2
 i i 
 RC 
x 2 t 

 2i i
Consider ,  RC
x 2 t

i 1  2i
 (5.4.14)
t RC x 2

Satisfying the initial and boundary conditions,

i] If x  0 then i  t , 0   0 for all x and

(5.4.15)
ii] If x  l then i  t , l   0 for all x

Solution: Taking SIL-FM transform of equation (5.4.14) we get,

L1M i  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f t 
1
 D 2 L1M i  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
RC x f
By using the first order derivative property (5.3.5),

 Dx2  RCs  L1M f it  x, t  , s,0, , r,0, a  RCk (5.4.16)

This is a linear differential equation with constant coefficient. Its solution

(using Variation of parameter/direct method) is as follows:

Auxiliary equation is,  Dx2  RCs   0

D =  RCs
The roots are real and different .Therefore the complimentary function is given
by

65
 RCs x  RCs x
C.F.  Ae  Be

1
And P.I.  RCk e0t
D 2  RCs
x

k

s
Hence the complete solution of (5.4.16) is given by,
k
L1M f i  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   Ae RCs x
 Be RCs x
 (5.4.17)
t  s
Applying boundary conditions and solving the equations for A and B we get
the solution as,

L1M i  x, t  , s,0, , r ,0, a  

f t 
 1 
k  RCs l  RCs l   RCs l  
  e e  e  1  1
s     
 

 1 
 RCs l  RCs l   RCs l  
e  1  e
RCs t   
e
e 
   

 RCs t
e  1


k  1  RCs l   RCs t

s 

  2sinh RCs l e


 1  1 e
 
(5.4.18)
 1  RCs l    RCs t 

  2sinh RCs l 
1  e  e  1
    

66
Ex. 3 Solve

 2v  2v
9 , x  0, t  0 (5.4.19)
x 2 t 2

With boundary conditions,

v  x, 0   T
0
(5.4.20)
v  x, t   0 as t  
Solution: Taking SIL-FM transform to the equation (5.4.19) we get,

L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
f  xx 


 9 D 2 L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
t f 
By using (5.3.6) we get,

( s 2 ) L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   sk
f 

 
 9 D 2 L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a 
t f

 s2  sk
 D 2   L1M v  x, t  , s,0, , r ,0,a    (5.4.21)
 t 9  f 9
 
This is a linear differential equation with constant coefficient. Its solution is -

 s2 
The auxiliary equation is  D 2    0
 t 9 
 

s
D
3
The roots are real and different .Therefore the complimentary function is given
by –
s s
t t
C.F.  Ae 3  Be 3

67
 1 sk 0t k
P.I.  e 
 s 2  9 s
D 2  
 t 9 
 

The complete solution of equation (5.4.21) is given by,

s s
t t k
L M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   Ae  Be
1 (5.4.22)
3 3 
f s
Applying boundary conditions (5.4.20) we get,

k
L1M v  x, 0  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   A  B   T
f s 0

And A  0 ,Since v  x, t   0 as t  

k
B  T 
0 s
Hence equation (5.4.22) becomes,
s
 k 3 t k
L M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a    T   e
1 
f  0 s s
s  s 
t k t 
L1M v  x, t  , s, 0, , r , 0, a   T e 3   e 3  1 (5.4.23)
f 0 s 
 
This is the required solution of (5.4.19).

68