ORGANIC AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION NCII
1. What are the Core Competencies and Elective Competencies in Organic
Agriculture Production NCll?
Core Competencies
▪ Raise Organic Chicken
▪ Produce Organic Vegetables
▪ Produce Organic Fertilizer
▪ Produce Organic Concoctions and Extracts
Elective Competencies
▪ Raise Organic Hogs
▪ Raise Organic Small Ruminants
2. How many hours and days are needed to comply the course?
▪ 232 hours
3. What are the advantages of doing Organic Agriculture for nature?
▪ Sustainability (mapadayonon), no waste (magamit ang tanan nga naa sa farm), no chemical
pollution, conserve nature
PRODUCE ORGANIC VEGETABLES
1. How to sow seeds in the seedling tray?
▪ Mix soil medium/potting mix
i. vermicast,CRH,soil ratio: [Link]
▪ Dilute IMO or LABS (20 ml to 1L of water)
▪ Mix
▪ Transfer potting mix to seedling tray
▪ Punch holes into the try using empty potting tray
▪ Put seed, 1 seed/hole
▪ Water using IMO/LABS
▪ Label
i. Variety
ii. Date of sowing
iii. Date of transplant
iv. Name of the person who sow the seeds
▪ Store in the nursery
2. How do you select good seeds?
▪ Must be from a certified organic seed producer
▪ Not GMO (genetically modified organism)
▪ Free from chemicals
3. What are the characteristics of an organic nursery?
▪ Clean and free from contamination
▪ Put shading screen
▪ Access of clean and chlorine-free water
▪ With organic concoctions and extracts
▪ Clean garden tools
▪ No stray animals
▪ With correct farm record
4. What are the two types of basal application?
▪ Beneath the soil
▪ Surface of the soil
5. What are the proper procedures to prepare a good seed bed?
▪ Debris clearing
▪ Cultivating (Araruhin – kabaw/rotavator/tractor)
▪ Pulverizing (Durugin/Pinuhin – suyod/harrow)
▪ Plot forming
▪ Sterilization (dilute IMO 20ml to 1L of Water)
▪ Lagyan ng basal fertilizer
▪ Mulching (natural/plastic)
6. What are the signs to look for in transplanting seedlings to garden plot?
▪ Age
▪ True leaf – 2-3 true leaf
7. What is transplanting?
▪ Pagbalhin sa seedling gikan sa seedling tray padung sa plot
8. What are the procedures for transplanting seedlings?
▪ Know the correct space in between plants
▪ Dig a hole
▪ Remove seedling from seedling tray/seedling cup carefully (dapat walay maputol na ugat)
▪ Plant seedlings in the hole
▪ Put soil
▪ Press lightly
▪ Drench directly the seedling’s body (never apilon ang leaves)
9. How to use backpack sprayer?
▪ Wear PPE
▪ Calibrate the backpack sprayer (tan-awon if kondisyon ang sprayer)
o Pump
o Nozzle, check pressure (if clog, repair under water)
o On/off knob
o Sprayer cap
▪ Dilute concoction using pail
▪ Transfer mixture to backpack sprayer
▪ Close cap
▪ Wear backpack sprayer
▪ Pump lightly
▪ Spray leaves especially under the leaves
10. What is the best time to apply foliar fertilizer on vegetables?
▪ Early in the morning (5 am – 9 am)
▪ Late in the afternoon (3 pm – down)
(Why? Open ang stomata during those hours)
11. How do you improve soil fertility?
▪ Use organic fertilizers
▪ Do not spray chemicals
▪ Do crop rotation (likayan mag mono cropping)
▪ Let the soil rest after harvest
12. What are the signs of maturity index? (ilhanan na pwede na maharvest ang gulay/commodity?
• Size – kabaga, kataas, kalingin
▪ Number of Leaves – applicable sa leafy vegetables
▪ Texture/Firmness – ex. banana
▪ Taste
▪ Weight – ex. squash
▪ Color - kamatis
▪ Seed development
▪ Smell
13. How to do harvest and post-harvest activities
Harvest
▪ Prepare tools (scissors, crates/butangan)
▪ PPE
▪ Use scissors in harvesting
▪ Bring to post-harvest facility
Post-Harvest
▪ Weigh
▪ Record
▪ Wash – leafy, Wipe clean with vegetable (shine and para matanggal ang dirt) – fruits
▪ Sorting (tanggal na rejects)
▪ Packaging
14. What are the different organic/natural pest management techniques?
▪ Multi-cropping
▪ Crop rotation
▪ Companion planting
▪ Net bagging
▪ Beneficial insects
▪ Flower – amarilyo at cosmos
▪ OHN
15. Give common pests found in the farm.
General:
▪ Sucking insects
▪ chopping insects
Specific:
▪ Fruit fly
▪ Aphids
▪ Cucurbit beetle
▪ White Fly
▪ Spider mites
▪ Flea beetle
▪ Bird
▪ Rat
▪ Dog
▪ Cat
16. Give common plant diseases.
4 Major Categories
▪ Bacterial
i. Bacterial leaf spot
ii. Bacterial Wilt
▪ Fungal
i. Antracnose
ii. Downy milder
iii. Powerdery mildew
▪ Nematicidal
i. nematodes
▪ Viral
i. Bunchy tops
Symptoms
▪ Stunted/dwarf
▪ Yellowish leaf
▪ Curly leaf
17. Give different families of vegetables
▪ Solanacious – Kamatis, talong, sili, patatas
▪ Cucurbit – pipino, ampalaya, upo, kundol
▪ Leafy – petchay, mustasa, letsugas
▪ Legumes – sitaw, bataw, patani
▪ Crucifers – kale, cauliflower, broccoli
▪ Herbs – parsley, rosemary, thyme, mint, basil
18. How do you perform plant care activities?
▪ Visit farm everyday
▪ Water the plants
▪ Weeding
▪ Spray organic concoctions
▪ Plant herbs
▪ Crop rotation
19. How to apply basal and foliar fertilizer
▪ Basal – solid fertilizer, put in the soil
▪ Foliar – liquid fertilizer, drench or spray
20. How to record farm activities
▪ Activities
▪ Petsa
▪ Applied fertilizers
▪ Operational Cost (mga nagasto)
▪ Man-power, etc.
21. What are the necessary PPEs needed when you perform gardening
activities?
▪ Mask
▪ Hat
▪ Long Sleeve
▪ Pants
▪ Boots
▪ Garden Gloves
22. What is Photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight
to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
