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 CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Ratios and Chapter 4 Rational Numbers
Proportional Reasoning Lesson 1 Terminating and Repeating
Lesson 1 Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Decimals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Lesson 2 Complex Fractions and Lesson 2 Compare and Order

Unit Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Rational Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Lesson 3 Convert Unit Rates . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Lesson 3 Add and Subtract

Like Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Lesson 4 Proportional and
Nonproportional Relationships . . . . . . . . . . 7 Lesson 4 Add and Subtract
Unlike Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Problem-Solving Investigation:
The Four-Step Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Lesson 5 Add and Subtract Mixed
Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Lesson 5 Graph Proportional
Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Problem-Solving Investigation:
Draw a Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Lesson 6 Solve Proportional
Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Lesson 6 Multiply Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Lesson 7 Constant Rate of Change . . . . . . 15 Lesson 7 Convert Between Systems . . . . . 65

Lesson 8 Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Lesson 8 Divide Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Lesson 9 Direct Variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Chapter 5 Expressions
Lesson 1 Algebraic Expressions . . . . . . . . 69
Chapter 2 Percents
Lesson 1 Percent of a Number . . . . . . . . . 21 Lesson 2 Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Lesson 2 Percent and Estimation . . . . . . . 23 Lesson 3 Properties of Operations . . . . . . 73

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Lesson 3 The Percent Proportion . . . . . . . 25 Lesson 4 The Distributive Property . . . . . 75

Lesson 4 The Percent Equation . . . . . . . . 27 Problem-Solving Investigation:

Make a Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Problem-Solving Investigation:
Determine Reasonable Answers . . . . . . . . . 29 Lesson 5 Simplify Algebraic
Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Lesson 5 Percent of Change . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Lesson 6 Add Linear Expressions. . . . . . . 81
Lesson 6 Sales Tax, Tips, and
Markups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Lesson 7 Subtract Linear Expressions . . 83

Lesson 7 Discounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Lesson 8 Factor Linear Expressions . . . . . 85

Lesson 8 Financial Literacy:

Simple Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Chapter 6 Equations and
Inequalities
Chapter 3 Integers Lesson 1 Solve One-Step Addition and
Subtraction Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Lesson 1 Integers and Absolute Value . . . 39
Lesson 2 Multiplication and
Lesson 2 Add Integers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Division Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Lesson 3 Subtract Integers . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Lesson 3 Solve Equations with
Problem-Solving Investigation: Rational Coefficients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Look for a Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Lesson 4 Solve Two-Step Equations . . . . 93
Lesson 4 Multiply Integers . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Lesson 5 More Two-Step Equations . . . . . 95
Lesson 5 Divide Integers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

iii
 Problem-Solving Investigation: Chapter 9 Probability
Work Backward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Lesson 1 Probability of Simple
Lesson 6 Solve Inequalities by Addition Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
or Subtraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Lesson 2 Theoretical and Experimental
Lesson 7 Solve Inequalities by Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Multiplication or Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Lesson 3 Probability of Compound
Lesson 8 Solve Two-Step Inequalities . . 103 Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Lesson 4 Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Chapter 7 Geometric Figures Problem-Solving Investigation:
Lesson 1 Classify Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Act It Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Lesson 2 Complementary and Lesson 5 Fundamental Counting
Supplementary Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Principal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Lesson 3 Triangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Lesson 6 Permutations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Problem-Solving Investigation: Lesson 7 Independent and Dependent
Make a Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Lesson 4 Scale Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Lesson 5 Draw Three-Dimensional Chapter 10 Statistics
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Lesson 1 Make Predictions . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Lesson 6 Cross Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Lesson 2 Unbiased and
Biased Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Chapter 8 Measure Figures Lesson 3 Misleading Graphs and
Lesson 1 Circumference . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Statistic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Lesson 2 Area of Circles . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Problem-Solving Investigation:

Use a Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Lesson 3 Area of Composite Figures . . . 123

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
Lesson 4 Compare Populations . . . . . . . . 161
Lesson 4 Volume of Prisms . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Lesson 5 Select an Appropriate
Problem-Solving Investigation: Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Solve a Simpler Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Lesson 5 Volume of Pyramids . . . . . . . . . 129
Lesson 6 Surface Area of Prisms . . . . . . 131
Lesson 7 Surface Area of Pyramids . . . . 133
Lesson 8 Volume and Surface Area of
Composite Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

iv
 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Rates
Find each unit rate. Round to the nearest hundredth if necessary.
1. $11.49 for 3 packages 2. 2,550 gallons in 30 days 3. 88 students for 4 classes
$3.83 per package 85 gallons per day 22 students per class

4. 15.6°F in 13 minutes 5. 175 Calories in 12 ounces 6. 258.5 miles in 5.5 hours

1.2°F per minute 14.58 C per oz 47 mi per h

7. 549 vehicles on 9 acres 8. $920 for 40 hours 9. 13 apples for 2 pies

61 vehicles per acre $23 per h 6.5 apples per pie

10. MANUFACTURING A machinist can produce 114 parts in 6 minutes. At this

rate, how many parts can the machinist produce in 15 minutes? 285 parts

1
11. RECIPES A recipe that makes 8 jumbo blueberry muffins calls for 1− teaspoons
2
of baking powder. How much baking powder is needed to make 3 dozen jumbo
muffins? 6 −−3
tsp
4
Estimate the unit rate for each item. Justify your answers.
12. $299 for 4 tires 13. 3 yards of fabric for $13.47
$75 per tire; $4.50 per yard; $13.47 ÷ 3 ≈
$299 ÷ 4 ≈ $300 ÷ 4 or $75 $13.50 ÷ 3 or $4.50
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

14. UTILITIES Use the table that shows the Family Family Electricity Water
average monthly electricity and water Name Size (kilowatt-hours) (gal)
usage. Melendez 4 1,560 3,500
a. Which family uses about twice the Barton 6 2,130 6,400
amount of electricity per person Stiles 2 1,490 2,500
than the other two families?
Explain your reasoning. The Stiles family; the Melendez
family uses 390 kwh per person, the Barton family uses
355 kwh per person, and the Stiles family uses 745 kwh
per person.

b. Which family uses the least amount of water per person? Explain your
reasoning. The Melendez family; the Melendez family uses
875 gal per person, the Barton family uses about 1,067 gal
per person, and the Stiles family uses 1,250 gal per
person.

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 1

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Rates

1. TRAVEL During Tracy’s trip across the 2. BUDGET Steve was offered $5,025 per
country, she traveled 2,884 miles. Her year for a weekend lifeguarding job at a
trip took 7 days. Find a unit rate to local pool. He wants to know how much
represent the average miles she his monthly income will be at this
traveled per day during the trip. salary level. What is his rate of pay in
412 mi per day dollars per month?
$418.75 per mo

3. MUSIC Randall recorded 8 songs on his 4. CARPETING Hana paid $1,200 for the
most recent CD. The total length of the carpet in her living room. The room has
CD is 49 minutes. Find a unit rate to an area of 251.2 square feet. What was
represent the average length per song her unit cost of carpeting in dollars per
on the CD. Round to the nearest square foot? Round to the nearest cent.
hundredth.. 6.13 min per song $4.78 per ft2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. SHOPPING An 8-ounce can of tomatoes 6. PETS Last month, Hao’s dog ate 40 cans
costs $1.14. A 12-ounce can costs $1.75. of dog food in 31 days. How many cans
Which can of tomatoes costs the least should Hao buy to feed his dog for the
per ounce? 8-oz can next 6 days? 8 cans

2 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Complex Fractions and Unit Rates
Simplify. 3 2
4
−
4 7 −− 12 2
− 5 −− or 2−
1. −− 20 2. −− 3. −
1
− 6
− 8 6 5 5
5 7

7 8 4
− 49 4 −−2 −−
9
4. −− −− or 5− 11
5. −− −− 15 2
6. −− −
7 9 9 4 11 2
− 3
5

9
−− 20 6
−
2 −− 75 1
10
7. −− 5− 8
−− or 37− 7 4 1
6
8. −−
15
9. −−
9 − or 1−
5 2 2 −− 3 3
14

2 7
10. RUNNING Johnathan can jog 3− miles in − hour. Find his average speed in miles
5 8
per hour.
31
3 −− mph
35

3
11. DRIVING A truck driver drove 120 miles in 1− hours. What is the speed of the truck in
4
miles per hour?
4
68 − mph
7
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

1
12. READING Charlotte reads 8 − pages of a book in 10 minutes. What is her average
3
reading rate in pages per minute?
5
− pages per minute
6

Write each percent as a fraction in simplest form.

1 91 1 121 1 113
13. 45 −
2
% −−− 14. 30 − %
4
−−− 15. 75 − %
3
−−−
200 400 150

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 3

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Complex Fractions and Unit Rates
2
1. TRIP Caroline drove 350 miles to her 2. FUEL A small airplane used 5 − gallons
3
grandmother’s house. The trip took her of fuel to fly a 2 hour trip. How many
1
5− hours. What was her average speed gallons were used each hour?
4
in miles per hour? 5
2− gal
2 6
66 − mph
3

3. COOKIES Madison wants to make 4. FABRIC Anita is making a curtain to

cookies for her little sister’s birthday 1
surround a table. She bought 3 − yards
party. She is cutting a roll of cookie 4
1 of fabric. Her total cost was $13. What
dough into pieces that are − -inch thick. was the cost per yard? $4
2
If the roll is 13 inches long, how many
cookies can she make?
26 cookies

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
9
5. RUNNING Russell runs −− mile in 6. MONEY The Franklins have a home
10
1
5 minutes. How many miles does he run loan with an interest rate of 4 − %.
4
in one minute? Write the percent as a fraction in
9 simplest form.
−− mi
50 17
−−−
400

4 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Convert Unit Rates
Convert each rate. Round to the nearest hundredth if necessary.
1. 345 ft/min = 20,700 ft/h 2. 64 mi/h ≈ 93.9 ft/s

3. 17 cm/min = 10.2 m/h 4. 815 gal/h ≈ 0.91 qt/sec

5. 39 ft/min ≈ 0.22 yd/s 6. 6,000 lb/day = 21 T/wk

7. 110 mi/h = 2,640 mi/day 8. 2 lb/wk ≈ 4.57 oz/day

9. 90 ft/h ≈ 3,520 mi/min 10. 44 mi/h ≈ 1,290.67 yd/min

11. 22 lb/day ≈ 14.7 oz/h 12. 720 pt/h ≈ 6 qt/min

Use the table below showing the speed in miles per hour of several bikers.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Speeds While Biking

Name Speed (miles per hour)
Zoe 24
Jermaine 22.5
Ragsak 31.8
Yuzo 27

13. What is Ragsak’s speed in feet per second? Round to the nearest tenth. 46.6 ft/s

14. What is Zoe’s speed in yards per minute? 352 yd/min

15. How many feet per minute faster is Yuzo’s speed than Jermaine’s speed?
396 ft/min faster

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 5

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Convert Unit Rates

DRIVES Use the table for Exercises 1–2. The table shows the average speeds
for drives to the beach.

Average Speeds
Name Speed
Julie 62 miles per hour
Manalo 311,520 feet per hour
LeShawn 1,448 meters per minute

1. Find LeShawn’s average speed in 2. List the names and corresponding

meters per hour. speeds from least to greatest in miles
86,880 m/h per hour. (Hint: 1 mile ≈ 1,610 meters)
LeShawn, ≈ 54 mi/h; Manalo,
59 mi/h; Julie, 62 mi/h

3. VEGETABLES Marilyn ate 320 pounds 4. ANIMALS A chicken can run at a top
of vegetables last year. How many speed of 9 miles per hour. Find the top
ounces did she eat per month? speed of a chicken in miles per minute.
Round to the nearest tenth. Round to the nearest tenth.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
426.7 oz/month 0.2 mi/min

5. COYOTES The top speed of a coyote 6. WALK Heather was out for a leisurely
is 43 miles per hour. Find the walk at a rate of 3 miles per hour. What
approximate speed in kilometers was her speed in yards per minute?
per minute. (Hint: 1 mile ≈ 88 yd/min
1,610 meters) 1.2 km/min

7. POOL A pool is being drained at a 8. MILK The Prichard family drinks 2 quarts
rate of 120 gallons per minute. of milk per day. How many gallons of milk
What is this rate in quarts per do they drink in a week? 3.5 gal/wk
hour?
28,800 qt/h

6 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Proportional and Nonproportional Relationships
1. ANIMALS The world’s fastest fish, a sailfish, swims at a rate of 69 miles
per hour. Is the distance a sailfish swims proportional to the number
of hours it swims? Yes; Sample answer:
Time (h) 1 2 3 4
Distance (mi) 69 138 207 276
69 138
The distance to time ratio for 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours is −− or 69, −−− or
207 276 1 2
69, −−− or 69, and −−− or 69. Since these ratios are all equal to 69 mi per
3 4
h, the distance the sailfish travels is proportional to the time it travels.

FOSSILS Use the following information for Exercises 2 and 3.

In July, a paleontologist found 368 fossils at a dig. In August, she found about 14 fossils
per day.
2. Is the number of fossils the paleontologist found in August proportional to
the number of days she spent looking for fossils that month? Yes; Sample answer:

Number of Days Looked 1 2 3 4

Number of Fossils Found 14 28 42 56
The number found to number of days ratios for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days are
14 28 42 56
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

−− or 14, −− or 14, −− or 14, and −− or 14. Since these ratios are all equal
1 2 3 4
to 14 fossils per day, the number of fossils found is proportional to the
number of days spent looking.

3. Is the total number of fossils found during July and August proportional
to the number of days the paleontologist spent looking for fossils in August?
No; Sample answer:
Number of Days Looked in August 1 2 3 4
Total Number of Fossils Found Up to Date 382 396 410 424
The number of fossils found to number of days spent looking in August
382 396 410
ratios for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days are −−− or 382, −−− or 198, −−− or about
1 2 3
424
136.67, and −−− or 106. Since these ratios are not all equal, the total
4
number of fossils found is not proportional to the number of days spent
looking in August.

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 7

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Proportional and Nonproportional Relationships
1. SPORTS A touchdown is worth 6 points. 2. RECREATION An outdoor swimming pool
Additionally you score an extra point if costs $8 per day to visit during the
you can kick a field goal. Is the total summer. There is also a $25 yearly
number of points scored proportional to registration fee. Is the total cost
the number of touchdowns? no proportional to the total number of days
visited? no

3. SCHOOL At a certain middle school, 4. TEAMS A baseball club has 18 players

there are 26 students per teacher in for every team, with the exception of
every homeroom. Is the total number of four teams that have 19 players each.
students proportional to the number of Is the number of players proportional
teachers? yes to the number of teams? no

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. MONEY At the beginning of the 6. SHELVES A bookshelf holds 43 books on
summer, Conan had $180 in the bank. each shelf. Is the total number of books
Each week he deposits another $64 that proportional to the number of shelves in
he earns mowing lawns. Is his account the bookshelf? yes, assuming all
balance proportional to the number of shelves are full
weeks since he started mowing lawns?
no

8 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation:
The Four-Step Plan
Mixed Problem Solving
Use the four-step plan to solve.
1. PATTERNS What are the next two 4. MONEY Alejandra is saving money to
numbers in the pattern? buy a video console. After one month,
14, 28, 56, 112, 224… she has $40. After 2 months, she has
448, 896 $75. After 3 months, $110. She plans to
keep saving at the same rate. How long
will it take her to save enough money to
buy a video console that costs $250?
7 months

2. POPULATION The total land area of an 5. GARDENING In Mrs. Mason’s garden, the
island is about 196 square miles. If green bean vine grows at an average
there are an average of 2 people in each rate of 10 feet in 12 weeks. How many
square mile, what is the population of inches does it grow in one day?
392 people 3
the island? 1− in.
7
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3. WATERFALLS Angel Falls in Venezuela, 6. BRIDGES A covered bridge has a

the highest waterfall in the world, is maximum capacity of 35,000 pounds.
3,212 feet high. It is 87 feet higher than If an average school bus weighs
2.5 times the height of the Empire State 9,000 pounds, about how many school
Building. Find the height of the Empire buses could a covered bridge hold?
State Building. 1,250 ft about 4 buses

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 9

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation:
The Four-Step Plan
Solve.

1. BAKING Amber is making a dessert 2. ASTRONOMY The Crab nebula is a

that calls for 2 cups of milk. She has cloud of gas and dust particles in
10 ounces of milk. How many more space that is expanding at a rate of
ounces does she need? 6 oz 930 miles per second. What is its rate
of expansion in miles per hour?
3,348,000 mph

3. FOOD In the United States, the 4. RENT The table shows the cost of
average amount of meat eaten per renting a booth at the week-long Fall
person is 261 pounds per year. If Festival. There is an initial charge for
there are 365 days in a year, what is reserving a booth and a fee per day.
the average number of ounces of meat What is the cost in dollars of renting
eaten per day? Round to the nearest a booth for the 7 days of the festival?
ounce. 11 oz
Days 0 1 2 3
Cost ($) 50 90 130 170

$330

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. SAVINGS Patrick is saving money to 6. FUEL A certain aircraft uses 350 gallons
buy a digital camera that costs $95. of fuel per hour. If the plane used
He has $25 and plans to save $5 per 1,925 gallons of fuel on a flight
week. In how many weeks will he between two cities, how many hours
have enough money for the camera? long was the flight? 5.5 hr
14 wks

7. NUMBERS A number is divided by 2. 8. FUNDRAISER A group of 272 people is

Then 4 is added to the quotient. eating dinner at a school fundraiser.
Next, the sum of these numbers is If each person pays $8 for their meal,
multiplied by 3. The result is 21. how much money is raised?
Find the number. 6 $2,176

10 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Graph Proportional Relationships
For Exercises 1 and 2, determine whether the relationship between
the two quantities shown in each table are proportional by graphing
on the coordinate plane. Explain your reasoning.
1. Temperature (Degrees) Temperature

Celsius Fahrenheit y
100
0 32 90
5 41 80
70

Fahrenheit
10 50 60
15 59 50
40
20 68
30
Degrees Fahrenheit is not 20
proportional to degrees Celsius 10
x
because the graph does not pass 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
through the origin. Celsius
2. Popcorn
Popcorn
Bags of Popcorn Cost ($) y
20
0 0 18
16
1 4
14
2 8
Cost ($)
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

12
3 12 10
8
4 16
6
The cost is proportional to the 4
number of bags of popcorn 2
x
because the graph is a straight line 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
through the origin. Bags of Popcorn

3. MOVIES An online DVD rental company Online DVD Rentals

charges $15 a month for unlimited rentals. y
60
Determine whether the monthly cost is 55
proportional to number of months by 50
graphing on the coordinate plane. 45
Explain your reasoning. 40
Cost ($)

35
The monthly cost is proportional to 30
the number of months because the 25
graph is a straight line through the 20
origin. 15
10
5
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Month

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 11

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Graph Proportional Relationships

1. BAKING Rachel baked 3 cakes in 2. RAINFALL It rained 2 inches in

2 hours, 4 cakes in 3 hours, and one hour, then after two hours,
5 cakes in 4 hours. Determine it had rained a total of 3 inches.
whether the number of cakes baked is After four hours, it had rained a
proportional to the number of hours. total of 5 inches. Determine whether
the number of inches of rainfall is
y
5 proportional to the number of hours.
y
4 5

3
4

2 3

1 2
x
1
0 1 2 3 4 5
The number of cakes is not proportional to x
the number of hours because the graph 0 1 2 3 4 5
does not pass through the origin. The number of inches of rainfall is not
proportional to the number of hours
because the graph does not pass through
the origin.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. CALORIES A person can burn 4. PROFIT If Stephanie sells 3 necklaces,
8 Calories per minute of running. she earns a profit of $5. If she sells
Determine whether the number of 4 necklaces, her profit is $10. Five
Calories is proportional to the number necklaces sold gives her a profit of
of minutes. $15 and six necklaces sold gives her a
profit of $20. Determine whether the
y
50 amount of profit is proportional to the
45 number of necklaces sold.
40
35 y
25
30
25
20
20
15
15
10
5
x 10
0 1 2 3 4 5
5
The number of Calories is proportional to x
the number of minutes because the graph 0 1 2 3 4 5
is a straight line that passes through the
The amount of profit is not proportional to
origin.
the number of necklaces sold because the
graph does not pass through the origin.
12 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning
 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Solve Proportional Relationships
Solve each proportion.
b 8 18 6
1. − = −− 2.5 2. −−
x = −− 30 3. −t = −−
30
5
5 16 10 6 36

11 n 2.5 2 3.5 z
4. −−
10
= −−
14
15.4 5. −−
35
= −−
d
28 6. −−
18
= −−
36 7

0.45 p 2.4 2.8 3.6 0.2

7. −−− = −− 1.5 8. −− = −−
s 7 9. −− = −− 9
4.2 14 6 k 0.5

For Exercises 10 –12, assume all situations are proportional.

10. CLASSES For every girl taking classes at the martial arts school, there
are 3 boys who are taking classes at the school. If there are 236 students
taking classes, write and solve a proportion to predict the number of boys
taking classes at the school.
3 x
− = −−−; 177 boys
4 236

11. BICYCLES An assembly line worker at Rob’s Bicycle factory adds a seat to
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

a bicycle at a rate of 2 seats in 11 minutes. Write a proportion relating the

number of seats s to the number of minutes m. At this rate, how long will
it take to add 16 seats? 19 seats?
2 s
−− = −−
m
; 88 min or 1 h 28 min; 104.5 min or 1 h 44 min 30 s
11

12. PAINTING Lisa is painting a fence that is 26 feet long and 7 feet tall.
A gallon of paint will cover 350 square feet. Write and solve a proportion
to determine how many gallons of paint Lisa will need.
350 ft2 182 ft2 350 182
−−−− = −−−− or −−− = −−−
x ; 0.52 gal
1 gal x gal 1

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 13

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Solve Proportional Relationships

1. USAGE A 12-ounce bottle of shampoo 2. COMPUTERS About 13 out of 20 homes

lasts Enrique 16 weeks. How long have a personal computer. On a
would you expect an 18-ounce bottle street with 60 homes, how many
of the same brand to last him? would you expect to have a personal
24 wk computer? 39 homes

3. SNACKS A 6-ounce package of fruit 4. TYPING Ingrid types 3 pages in the

snacks contains 45 pieces. How many same amount of time that Tanya
pieces would you expect in a types 4.5 pages. If Ingrid and Tanya
10-ounce package? 75 pieces start typing at the same time, how
many pages will Tanya have typed
when Ingrid has typed 11 pages?
16.5 pages

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. SCHOOL A grading machine can 6. AMUSEMENT PARKS The waiting time
grade 48 multiple-choice tests in to ride a roller coaster is 20 minutes
1 minute. How long will it take the when 150 people are in line. How
machine to grade 300 tests? long is the waiting time when
6.25 min 240 people are in line? 32 min

7. PRODUCTION A shop produces 39 wet 8. FISH Of the 50 fish that Alan caught
suits every 2 weeks. How long will it from the lake, 14 were trout. The
take the shop to produce 429 wet estimated population of the lake is
suits? 22 wk 7,500 fish. About how many trout
would you expect to be in the lake?
2,100 trout

14 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Homework Practice

Constant Rate of Change
Find the constant rate of change for each table.
1. Number of 2. Number of Money
Cost ($)
Pounds of Ham Hours Worked Earned ($)
0 0 4 80
3 12 6 120
6 24 8 160
9 36 10 200

$4 per pound $20 per hour

3. Days Plant Height (in.) 4. Months Money Spent on Cable TV

7 4 2 82
14 11 4 164
21 18 6 246
28 25 8 328

1 in. per day $41 per month

Find the constant rate of change for each graph.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

5. Students in Mr. Muni’s Class 6. Jewelry Making

24 16
21
18
Bracelets

12
Boys

15
12 8
9
6 4
3
0 0
2 4 6 8 2 4 6 8
Girls Girls
2 boys per girl 4 bracelets per girl

7. SEAGULLS At 1 P.M., there were 16 seagulls on the beach. At 3 P.M., there

were 40 seagulls. What is the constant rate of change? 12 seagulls
per hour

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 15

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Problem-Solving Practice

Constant Rate of Change
1. WATER At 2 P.M., the level of the water 2. MONEY JoAnne is depositing money
in the pool was 10 feet. At 6 P.M., the into a bank account. After 3 months
level of water was 2 feet. Find the there is $150 in the account. After
constant rate of change of the water. 6 months, there is $300 in the account.
decreasing 2 feet per hour Find the constant rate of change of
the account. increasing by
$50 per month

3. TEMPERATURE The temperature at noon 4. GROWTH Jaz was 43 inches tall.

was 88°F. By 4 P.M., the temperature Eighteen months later, she was
was 72°F. Find the constant rate of 52 inches tall. Find the constant rate
change of the temperature. of change for Jaz’s height. increasing
decreasing by 4˚F per hour by 0.5 inch per month

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. BIKING The graph represents how far 6. HAIR Find the constant rate of change.
Toby biked given the number of weeks
Months 4 5 6 7
he has been biking. Find the constant
rate of change. Length (in.) 8 10 12 14
Biking
2 inches per month
40

30
Miles

20

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Weeks

10 miles per week

16 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Homework Practice

Slope
For Exercises 1 and 2, graph the data. Then find the slope. Explain
what the slope represents.
120
1. ENVELOPES The table shows the number of
envelopes stuffed for various times. 90

Envelopes
Time (min) 5 10 15 20 60

Envelopes Stuffed 30 60 90 120 30

6; 6 envelopes per minute

0 5 10 15 20
Time (min)

2. MEASUREMENT There are 3 feet for every yard.

24
3; 3 feet per yard 21
18
15

Feet
12
9
6
3

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Yards
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3. Use the graph that shows the number of laps

15
completed over time. Find the slope of the line.

Number of Laps
1
− 10
2
5

0 10 20 30
Time (minutes)

4. Which line is the steepest? Explain using the slopes of lines nO y m

N

ℓ, m, and n.
Line m is the steepest because its slope
1 x
is 3 while the slope of l is − and the 0
2
slope of n is -2.

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 17

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Problem-Solving Practice

Slope
1. GO-KARTS The graph shows the average 2. SKATEBOARDING The line represents the
speed of two go-karts in a race. What length and height of a skateboard ramp.
does the point (2, 20) represent on the Find the slope of the ramp.
graph? What does the point (1, 12)
represent on the graph? What does the 18
16
slope of each line represent? Which car
14
is traveling faster?

Height (in.)
12
10
40 8
6
Kart X
30
Distance (mi)

4
2
20
Kart Y 1
− 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72
10 4 Length (in.)

0 1 2 3 4
Time (h)

The point (2, 20) represents that

Kart Y goes 20 miles in 2 hours;
the point (1, 12) represents that
Kart X goes 12 miles in 1 hour;
the slope of each line represents
the miles per hour of that kart;

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
Kart X is traveling faster
because it goes more miles in
the same time.
3. RAISINS The table shows the number of 4. RESORT The Snells can spend 4 nights
packages of raisins per box. Graph the at a resort for $500 or 6 nights at the
data. Then find the slope of the line. same resort for $750. Graph the data.
Explain what the slope represents. Then find the slope. Explain what the
slope represents.
Packages 20 40 60 80
Boxes 1 2 3 4 125; $125 per night

20; 20 packages per box

80 700
Cost ($)

60 500
Packages

40 300

20 100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 1 2 3 4 Nights
Boxes

18 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 9 Homework Practice

Direct Variation
1. HOME THEATER The number of home theaters a company sells
varies directly as the money spent on advertising. How many
48

Home Theaters
home theaters does the company sell for each $500 spent on
advertising? 8 32

16

0 1,000 2,000 3,000

Advertising ($)
2. DUNE BUGGY Beach Travel rents dune buggies for $50 for
4 hours or $75 for 6 hours. What is the hourly rate? $12.50

3. FERTILIZER Leroy uses 20 pounds of fertilizer to cover 4,000 square

feet of his lawn and 50 pounds to cover 10,000 square feet. How much
does he need to cover his entire yard which has an area of 26,400 square feet?
132 pounds

Determine whether each linear function is a direct variation. If so,

state the constant of variation.
4. Gallons, x 6 8 10 12
yes; 30
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Miles, y 180 240 300 360

5.
Time (min), x 10 11 12 13 no
Temperature, y 82 83 84 85

6. Number of Payments, x 6 11 16 21 yes; $250

Amount Paid, y $1,500 $2,750 $4,000 $5,250

If y varies directly with x, write an equation for the direct variation.

Then find each value.
2
7. If y = -4 when x = 10, find y when x = 5. y = - − x; -2
5
4 8
8. If y = 12 when x = -15, find y when x = 2. y = - − x; - −
5 5
9
9. Find x when y = 18, if y = 9 when x = 8. y = − x; 16
8

Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning 19

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 9 Problem-Solving Practice

Direct Variation

1. CHAPERONES The number of chaperones 2. CANDLES The number of votive candles

needed varies directly with the number varies directly as the price. What is the
of students going on the trip. How ratio of candles to dollars?
many students are there for each 1 candle per $2
chaperone? 6

32
24
28
24
18

Cost ($)
20
Students

16
12
12
6 8
4

0 1 2 3 4 0 4 8 12 14
Chaperones Candles

3. BAKING The number of cups of flour 4. DISTANCE The number of feet between
varies directly as the number of rolls 2 objects varies directly as the number
made. Four cups of flour are needed to of miles. If the distance between
1
make 24 rolls. How much flour is 2 objects is 2 − miles or 13,200 feet,
2
needed for 36 rolls? 6 cups how many feet are equivalent to a

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
distance of 7 miles? 36,960 feet

5. CHEWING GUM The table shows the 6. WEDDING FAVORS Lucius is making
number of sticks of chewing gum favors for his sister's wedding. If
per pack. Find the number of sticks supplies for 25 favors cost $62.50, how
per pack. 10 sticks much do supplies for 60 favors cost?
$150
Sticks 10 20 30 40
Packs 1 2 3 4

20 Course 2 • Chapter 1 Ratios and Proportional Reasoning

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Percent of a Number
Find each number. Round to the nearest hundredth if necessary.
1. 55% of 140 77 2. 40% of 123 49.2 3. 37% of $150 $55.50

4. 25% of 96 24 5. 11% of $333 $36.63 6. 99% of 14 13.86

7. 140% of 30 42 8. 165% of 10 16.5 9. 150% of 150 225

10. 225% of 16 36 11. 106% of $40 $42.40 12. 126% of 350 441

13. 4.1% of 30 1.23 14. 8.9% of 75 6.68 15. 24.2% of $120 $29.04

16. SALES Mr. Redding sells vehicles to 20% of the people that come to the sales
lot. If 65 people came to the lot last month, how many vehicles did he sell?
13 vehicles
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Find each number. Round to the nearest hundredth if necessary.

5 1
17. − % of 600 5 18. 30 − % of 3 0.91 19. 1,000% of 87 870
6 3

20. 100% of 56 56 21. 0.25% of 150 0.38 22. 0.7% of 50 0.35

23. ANALYZE TABLES Use the table that shows the percents Blood
of blood types of 145 donors during a recent blood drive. Percent
Type
O 45
a. Find how many donors had type B blood. Round to the
nearest whole number if necessary. 16 donors A 40
B 11
b. How many donors did not have type O blood? Round to
AB 4
the nearest whole number if necessary. 80 donors

c. Which blood type had less than 10 donors? Type AB

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 21

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Percent of a Number

SPORTS For Exercises 1 and 2, use the PETS For Exercises 3 and 4, use the table
graph below. It shows the results of a below. It shows the pet ownership in a
poll of 440 ninth-grade students. town of 1,650 households. Round
Round answers to the nearest whole answers to the nearest whole number.
number.

Favorite Sports of Students

35.2% Pets in Household Percent

23.4%
At least one dog or cat 26.7
At least one dog 19.9
11.8%
8.9% 7.4% 7.4% 5.9% At least one cat 13
At least one dog and one cat 6.19
l

er

ll

er
l

al

l
ke
ba

ba

ba
cc

th
yb
oc
et

ot

se

O
So

lle
sk

Fo
H

Ba
Vo
Ba

1. Write the percent as a fraction to find 2. How many students surveyed chose
how many students surveyed chose basketball as their favorite
hockey as their favorite sport. sport? 155 students
Solve. 103 students

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. Write the percent as a decimal to find 4. How many households have at least
how many households have at least one dog and one cat?
one dog. Solve. 328 households 102 households

5. VOTING Going into a recent election, 6. COLLEGE A local college recently

only about 62% of people old enough reported that enrollment increased to
to vote were registered. In a 108% percent of last year. If enrollment
community of about 55,200 eligible last year was at 17,113, about how
voters, how many people were many students enrolled this year?
registered? 34,224 people Round to the nearest whole
number. 18,482 students

22 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Percent and Estimation
Estimate.
1. 39% of 80 2. 31% of 40 3. 28% of 110 4. 74% of 160
2 3 3 3
− · 80 = 32 −− · 40 = 12 −− · 110 = 33 − · 160 = 120
5 10 10 4
5. 87% of 19 6. 91% of 82 7. 34% of 59 8. 66% of 148
9 9 1 2
−− · 20 = 18 −− · 80 = 72 − · 60 = 20 − · 150 = 100
10 10 3 3
9. 9% of 71 10. 73% of 241 11. 126% of 80 12. 234% of 145
1 3 5 1
−− · 70 = 7 − · 240 = 180 − · 80 = 100 2− · 150 = 350
10 4 4 3
1 1
13. − % of 307 14. − % of 798 15. 1.1% of 62 16. 4.1% of 101
3 4
1 1 1 4
−−− · 300 = 1 −−− · 800 = 2 −−− · 60 = 0.6 −−− · 100 = 4
300 400 100 100
17. 67% of 11.9 18. 31% of 68.7 19. 9.8% of 359 20. 97.9% of 39
2 3 1
− · 12 = 8 −− · 70 = 21 −− · 360 = 36 1 · 40 = 40
3 10 10
21. 52% of 57.9 22. 33% of 15.3 23. 21.1% of 151 24. 2.9% of 61.2
1 1 1 3
− · 60 = 30 − · 15 = 5 − · 150 = 30 −−− · 60 ≈ 2
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

2 3 5 100
25. ELEVATION The highest point in Arizona is Humphreys Peak, with an elevation of
12,633 feet. Estimate the elevation of the highest point in Florida, located in Walton
County, if it is about 2.7% of the highest point in Arizona. Sample answer: 1%
of 12,633 = 0.01 · 12,633 ≈ 125; 2.7 ≈ 3, so 3 · 125 = 375; The elevation
of the highest point in Florida is about 375 feet.

26. BRAIN The brain mass of a newborn baby is about 13% of the body mass of the newborn.
If a newborn has a body mass of 2,900 grams, about how much is the mass of the brain?
Sample answer: 2,900 ≈ 3,000; 10% of 3,000 = 0.1 · 3,000 = 300; 1% of
3,000 = 0.01 · 3,000 = 30, 3 · 30 = 90; 300 + 90 = 390; The brain has a
mass of about 390 grams.
2
27. STOCKS The value of a share of stock in an electronics company increased by − %
3
during one week. If the value of a share of stock was $141 at the beginning
of the week, estimate the increase in value of a share of stock at the end of the
week. Sample answer: 141 ≈ 140; 1% of 140 = 0.01 · 140 = 1.4;
2 · 1.4 = 2.8; 2.8 ÷ 3 ≈ 0.9; The increase of a share of stock
is about $0.90.

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 23

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Percent and Estimation

1. ORCHESTRA The orchestra at Millard 2. RESTAURANTS In one west coast city,

Middle School has 120 members. Of 34% of the restaurants are on the
these, 17% are eighth-grade students. river. The city has 178 restaurants.
Estimate the number of eighth-grade Estimate the number of restaurants
students in the orchestra. Sample that are on the river. Sample
1 1
answer: − · 120 = 24 students answer: − · 180 = 60 restaurants
5 3

3. FARMING Rhonda planted green beans 4. HOTELS At the Eastward Inn hotel,
on 67% of her farm. Rhonda’s farm 47% of the rooms face the pool. The
has 598 acres of land. Estimate the hotel has 92 rooms. Estimate the
number of acres of green beans on number of rooms that face the pool.
Rhonda’s farm. Sample Sample answer:
2 1
answer: − · 600 = 400 acres − · 90 = 45 rooms
3 2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. TREES The students in Leon’s seventh 6. BOOKS Jenna has read 0.7% of a
grade science class determined that book. If the book has 431 pages,
42% of the trees at a local park are estimate the number of pages Jenna
pine trees. If there are 632 trees in has read. Sample answer:
the park, about how many of them 0.01 · 420 = 4.2 and
are pine trees? Sample answer: 2
0.1 · 600 = 60 and − · 4.2 = 2.8 pages
3
4 · 60 = 240 trees

7. FITNESS At the office where Mika 8. PETS Of all seventh-grade students at

works, 40% of the 18 employees Hart Middle School, 0.3% of the
exercise at least three times a week. students own a pet iguana. If there
Estimate the number of people who are 610 seventh-grade students at
exercise at least three times a Hart, about how many own pet
week. Sample answer: iguanas? Sample answer:
0.1 · 20 = 2 and 4 · 2 = 8 people 0.01 · 600 = 6 and
1
− · 6 = 2 students
3

24 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

The Percent Proportion
Find each number. Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.
1. What percent of 65 is 13? 2. $4 is what percent of $50? 3. What number is 35% of 22?

20% 8% 7.7
4. 14% of 81 is what number? 5. 13 is 26% of what number? 6. 55 is 40% of what number?
11.3 50 137.5
7. What percent of 45 is 72? 8. 1% of what number is 7? 9. 33 is 50% of what number?

160% 700 66
10. What number is 3% of 100? 11. What percent of 200 is 0.5?
3 0.3%
12. What number is 0.4% of 20? 13. What number is 6.1% of 60?
0.1 3.7
14. What percent of 34 is 34? 15. 10.4% of what number is 13?

100% 125
16. ALLOWANCE Mallorie has $3 in her wallet. If this is 10% of her monthly
allowance, what is her monthly allowance? $30
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

17. WEDDING Of the 125 guests invited to a wedding, 104 attended the
wedding. What percent of the invited guests attended the
wedding? 83.2%

18. CAMERA The memory card on Melcher’s digital camera can hold about
430 pictures. Melcher used 18% of the memory card while taking pictures
at a family reunion. About how many pictures did Melcher take at the
family reunion? Round to the nearest whole number. 77 pictures

19. OCEANS Use the table shown. Area

Ocean
(square miles)
a. The area of the Indian Ocean is what percent of the
area of the Pacific Ocean? Round to the nearest whole Pacific 64 million
percent. 39% Atlantic 32 million
Indian 25 million
b. If the area of the Arctic Ocean is 16% of the area
of the Atlantic Ocean, what is the area of the
Arctic Ocean? Round to the nearest whole million.
5 million square miles

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 25

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

The Percent Proportion

1. DRIVING Mudrik installed a device 2. POPULATION The number of

on his car that guaranteed to students at Marita’s school
increase his gas mileage by 15%. decreased to 98% of last year’s
He currently gets 22 miles per number. Currently, there are 1,170
gallon. How much will the gas students. How many students were
mileage increase after installing there last year? Round to the
the device? 3.3 mi per gal nearest whole number.
1,194 students

3. VOTING Yolanda’s club has 35 4. GARBAGE This month, Chun’s office

members. Its rules require that produced 690 pounds of garbage.
60% of them must be present for Chun wants to reduce the weight of
any vote. At least how many garbage produced to 85% of the
members must be present to have a weight produced this month. What
vote? 21 members is the target weight for the garbage
produced next month? 586.5 lb

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. SALARIES Yara just received a 6% 6. SPORTS Sally’s soccer team played
raise in salary. Before the raise, she 25 games and won 17 of them.
was making $52,000 per year. How What percent did the team
much more will Yara earn next win? 68%
year? $3,120

26 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

The Percent Equation
Write an equation for each problem. Then solve. Round to the nearest
tenth if necessary.
1. What number is 27% of 52? 2. Find 41% of 48.

p = 0.27 · 52; p ≈ 14.0 p = 0.41 · 48; p ≈ 19.7

3. What percent of 88 is 33? 4. 8 is what percent of 18?

n · 88 = 33; n = 37.5% 8 = n · 18; n ≈ 44.4%

5. What number is 33% of 360? 6. What percent of 62 is 58?

p = 0.33 · 360; p = 118.8 n · 62 = 58; n ≈ 93.5%

7. 55 is what percent of 100? 8. 22% of what number is 24.2?

55 = n · 100; n = 55% 0.22 · w = 24.2; w = 110

9. 19 is 50% of what number? 10. 25 is 32% of what number?

19 = 0.50 · w; w = 38 25 = 0.32 · w; w ≈ 78.1

11. 40% of what number is 28? 12. 30 is what percent of 60?

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

0.40 · w = 28; w = 70 30 = n · 60; n = 50%

13. BASEBALL A baseball player was at bat 473 times during the regular season. If he made
a hit 31.5% of the times he was at bat, how many hits did he make during the regular
season? Round to the nearest whole number if necessary. 149 hits

14. ANALYZE GRAPHS Use the graph shown. The total

High School Enrollment
enrollment at Central High School is 798 students.
Seniors 157
a. About what percent of the students at
Juniors 180
Central High are freshmen? Round to the
nearest tenth if necessary. 30.7% Sophomores 216

Freshmen 245
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
b. About what percent of the students at Students
Central High are seniors? Round to the
nearest tenth if necessary. 19.7%

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 27

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

The Percent Equation

1. DINING Jonas and Norma’s restaurant 2. CHESS The Briarwood Middle School
bill comes to $23.40. They are chess club has 55 members. 22 of the
planning to tip the waiter 15% of members are in seventh grade. What
their bill. How much money should percent of the members of the chess
they leave for a tip? $3.51 club are in seventh grade? 40%

3. TENNIS In the city of Springfield, 75% 4. COLLEGE There are 225 students in
of the parks have tennis courts. If 15 eighth grade at Jefferson Middle
parks have tennis courts, how many School. A survey shows that 64% of
parks does Springfield have them are planning to attend college.
altogether? 20 parks How many Jefferson eighth-grade
students are planning to attend
college? 144 students

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. BASEBALL In a recent season, the 6. HOUSING In the Stoneridge
Chicago White Sox won 99 out of 162 apartment complex, 35% of the
games. What percent of games did the apartments have one bedroom. If
White Sox win? Round to the nearest there are 49 one-bedroom apartments,
tenth if necessary. 61.1% what is the total number of
apartments at Stoneridge?
140 apartments

7. SPACE On Mars, an object weighs 38% 8. FOOTBALL Javier had 2 passes

as much as on Earth. How much intercepted out of 17 attempts in his
would a person who weighs 165 last football game. What percent of
pounds on Earth weigh on Javier’s passes were intercepted?
Mars? 62.7 pounds Round to the nearest tenth if
necessary. 11.8%

28 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation:
Determine Reasonable Answers
Mixed Problem Solving
Use the determine reasonable answers Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3–5.
strategy for Exercises 1 and 2.
3. ANALYZE GRAPHS The graph shows the
1. HOMES In a retirement village, 86% of percent of community attendance during
the residents own their home. If the a little league season. Is 90% a
village has 540 homes, about how many reasonable estimate for the percent of
homes are owned by the residents, community attendance for September?
about 250, 350, or 450? 450 homes Explain.
Little League
82

Community Attendance (%)

80
78
76
74
2. ANALYZE GRAPHS The graph shows how 72
the Forenzo family spent their money on 70
68
their summer vacation. Is 25% a 66
Apr. May June July Aug.
reasonable estimate of how much money
Month
they spent on dining? Justify your
answer. Yes; 1,100 is about 25% No; 82% is a better estimate
of 4,500. since the change would be only
1% to 2% from Aug. to Sept.
Vacation Spending
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

$1,500 4. TRAVEL Cecil averages 31 miles per

1,600
1,400 gallon when driving his car on the
$1,115
1,200 $990 highway to visit friends 461 miles away.
Amount ($)

1,000 If he filled the 16-gallon gasoline tank

800 before leaving and did not buy any
$525
600 $450
gasoline along the way, about how many
400
200
gallons of gasoline are left in the tank
0 when he arrives? Justify your
answer. 461 ÷ 31 ≈ 15
s

ng

re

s
en
el

tra
rfa
ni
t

m
Ho

Ex
Di

Ai

16 - 15 = 1; 1 gallon
in
rta
te
En

Type of Spending 5. FABRIC Mrs. Tillman is making identical

dresses for her three granddaughters.
1
She needs 2− yards of fabric for each
8 1
dress. If she purchased 8− yards of
2
fabric, how much fabric will be leftover?
Justify your answer.
21 3 1 3 1 1
3 · −− = 6 −; 8 − - 6 − = 2 −; 2 −
8 8 2 8 8 8
yards remain

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 29

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation:
Determine Reasonable Answers
Solve using any method.

1. GYM The 6th graders are running the 2. POLITICS A candidate receives 62% of
mile in physical education. Elian the vote in an election and there are
finishes the mile 2 minutes before 1,603 votes recorded. How many votes
Stacey who finished 1 minute 26 did the candidate receive?
seconds behind Kareem. If Joanna 994 votes
completes the mile 1 minute and 42
seconds after Kareem, and her time is
8 minutes 34 seconds, what is Elian’s
time? 6 minutes, 18 seconds

3. POPULATION The population of the 4. BAKING Bea has prepared a basic

United States is about 300,000,000. If cookie dough to which she will add
Spanish is the primary language for ingredients to make several types of
10.7% of the population, about how cookies. She has chocolate chips,
many people speak Spanish as their raisins, and peanut butter chips. She
primary language? also has peanuts, pecans, and
about 32,100,000 walnuts. If she wants to put one
ingredient from the first group with
one type of nut into the dough, how
many different types of cookies can

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
she make? 9 different types of
cookies
5. COINS Zachary has four different 6. DECORATING Mr. Chen is planning to
coins that total 41 cents. What coins wallpaper his family room and dining
does he have? quarter, nickel, dime, room. The dining room is 11-by-13
and penny feet, while the family room is 20-by-
10 feet. All of the walls are 8 feet
high. Ignoring doors and windows,
how many square feet of wallpaper
does he need to wallpaper the two
rooms? 864 ft2

7. MOVIES Charis is going to the movies 8. TRAVELING Shawn is packing his

with a friend. The price of admission suitcase for vacation. If he has 2 pairs
is $5.50, a small popcorn is $2.39, and of shorts, and 5 shirts, how many
a small drink is $2.65. If Charis has a different outfits can he make?
ten dollar bill, does she have enough 10 different outfits
money for admission, popcorn, and a
drink? If not, how much more money
would she need? No; she would
need $0.54.

30 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Percent of Change
For Exercises 1–14, find each percent of change. Round to the nearest
whole percent if necessary. State whether the percent of change is an
increase or decrease.
1. 8 feet to 10 feet 2. 136 days to 85 days 3. $0.32 to $0.37
25% increase 38% decrease 16% increase

4. 62 trees to 31 trees 5. 51 meters to 68 meters 6. 16.5 grams to 24.8 grams

50% decrease 33% increase 50% increase

7. 0.55 minute to 0.1 minute 8. $180 to $210

82% decrease 17% increase

9. 2.9 months to 4.9 months 10. 0.5 to 0.75

69% increase 50% increase
11. 0.1 to 0.2 12. 1.5 to 0.375
100% increase 75% decrease
13. SURGERY Recent developments in surgical procedures change the average
healing time for some operations from 8 weeks to 3 weeks. 62.5%
decrease
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

14. ROADS The city added an extra lane in each direction to the 5-lane
road. 40% increase

15. GEOMETRY Refer to the rectangle shown. Suppose the width of

4 inches is decreased by 3 inches. 4 in.
a. Find the percent of change in the perimeter. 30% decrease
6 in.
b. Find the percent of change in the area. 75% decrease

16. ANALYZE TABLES Refer to the table that shows

Average Rainfall
the average monthly rainfall during the Month
(inches/month)
first six months of the year for Singapore.
January 9.4
a. Between which two consecutive months is the
percent of decrease the greatest? What is the February 6.5
percent change to the nearest whole percent? March 6.8
January to February; 31% decrease April 6.6
b. Between which two consecutive months is the May 6.7
percent of increase the least? What is the June 6.4
percent change to the nearest whole percent?
April to May; 2%

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 31

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Percent of Change

1. SHOES A popular brand of running 2. CLUBS Last year the backgammon

shoes costs a local store $68 for each club had 30 members. This year the
pair. If the store sells the shoes for club has 24 members. Find the
$119, what is the percent of increase percent of decrease in the number of
in the price? 75% members. 20%

3. READING In the seventh grade, Rachel 4. VOTES Last year 762 students voted
read 15 books. In the eighth grade, in the student council election at San
she read 18 books. Find the percent of Bruno Middle School. This year 721
increase in the number of books students voted. What was the percent
Rachel read. 20% of change in the number of students
that voted to the nearest
tenth? 5.4% decrease

5. HEIGHT When Ricardo was 9 years 6. PLANTS Alicia planted 45 tulip bulbs
old, he was 56 inches tall. Ricardo is last year. This year she plans to plant
now 12 years old and he is 62 inches 65 bulbs. Find the percent of increase

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
tall. Find the percent of increase in in the number of tulip bulbs to the
Ricardo's height to the nearest nearest tenth. 44.4%
tenth. 10.7%

7. PICTURES The 2008 yearbook at 8. POPULATION In 2000, Florida’s

Middleton Middle School had 236 population was 15.9 million. In 2008,
candid pictures of students. The 2007 the population was estimated to be
yearbook had 214 candid pictures of 18.8 million. Find the percent of
students. What was the percent of increase to the nearest whole
change in the number of candid number. 18%
student pictures from 2007 to 2008 to
the nearest tenth? 10.3%

32 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Sales Tax, Tips, and Markup
Find the total cost to the nearest cent.
1. $18.00 breakfast; 7% tax 2. $14 meal; 20% tip
$19.26 $16.80

3. $24 lunch; 15% tip 4. $8.50 shorts; 6.5% markup

$27.60 $9.05

5. $75 dinner; 18% tip 6. $74.95 jacket; 5% tax

$88.50 $78.70

7. $185 DVD player; 6% markup 8. $85 jeans; 7% tax

$196.10 $90.95

9. $20 haircut; 10% tip 10. $7.95 lunch; 15% tip

$22.00 $9.14
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

11. MEAL Enrique took his family out for dinner. He planned to leave a 15% gratuity
on the bill. What is the total cost if the bill was $123.50? $142.03

12. TRUCKS What is the sales tax on a $17,500 truck if the tax rate is 6%? $1,050

13. COMPUTER Lionel is buying a computer that normally sells for $890. The state
sales tax rate is 6%. What is the total cost of the computer including sales
tax? $943.40

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 33

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Sales Tax, Tips, and Markup

1. SKATEBOARDS Inez wants to buy a 2. HAIRCUT Josiah went to the local

skateboard but she does not know if barber to get his hair cut. It cost
she has enough money. The price of $18 for the haircut. Josiah tipped
the skateboard is $80 and the sales the barber 15%. What was the total
tax is 7%. What will be the total cost cost of the haircut including the
of the skateboard? $85.60 tip? $20.70

3. MEAL Madeline took 3 friends out 4. COMPUTERS Andrea ordered a

for dinner. The cost of the meals computer on the Internet. The
was $46.50. She left a 20% tip. What 1
computer cost $1,399 plus 6 − %
was the total cost including the 2
sales tax. What was the total
tip? $55.80
amount Andrea paid for her
computer? $1,489.94

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. MAGAZINES Ivan bought these two 6. CATERED DINNER The Striton family
magazines. If the sales tax was 6.75%, had a meal catered for a wedding
what was the total amount that he rehearsal dinner. The cost of the
paid for the magazines? $10.57 dinner was $476. There was a 5%
sales tax and they left a 15% tip.
Technology Birds What was the total cost including the
sales tax and the tip? $571.20

$4.95 $4.95

34 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Homework Practice

Discount
Find the sale price to the nearest cent.
1. $239 television; 10% discount 2. $72 game; 20% discount
$215.10 $57.60

3. $18.95 football; 15% discount 4. $10.99 CD; 25% discount

$16.11 $8.24

5. $149 MP3 player; 40% discount 6. $213 ski jacket; 30% discount
$89.40 $149.10

7. $595 refrigerator; 20% discount 8. $64 video game; 25% discount

$476.00 $48

9. $119 croquet set; 50% discount 10. $14.99 clock; 10% discount
$59.50 $13.49
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

11. RADIO A radio is on sale for $50. If this price represents a 10% discount from the
original price, what is the original price to the nearest nickel? $55.55

12. LAUNDRY DETERGENT A box of laundry detergent is on sale for $6.50. If this price
represents a 40% discount from the original price, what is the original price to the
nearest cent? $10.83

13. BASKETBALL Find the price of a $35 basketball that is on sale for 50% off
the regular price. $17.50

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 35

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Problem-Solving Practice

Discount

1. PRETZELS The Spanish club sold hot 2. CELL PHONES Nathan is buying a cell
pretzels as a fundraiser. The pretzels phone for his business. The regular
normally sold for $2.00, but near the price of the cell phone is $179. If he
end of the sale the price was reduced buys the phone in the next 2 weeks, he
by 25%. What was the new price for a will get a 20% discount. What will be
hot pretzel? $1.50 the sale price if he buys the phone
tomorrow? $143.20

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. ALARM CLOCK Dominic bought a new 4. FISHING ROD Malachi bought a new
alarm clock that was on sale for fishing rod. The regular price of the
$18.75. If this price represents a 30% fishing rod was $125.99. He bought it
discount from the original price, what on sale with a 15% discount. Sales tax
is the original price to the nearest of 3% is applied to the discounted
cent? $26.79 total. What was the sale price with
tax of Malachi’s fishing rod to the
nearest cent? $110.30

5. JEWELRY A jewelry store is having a 6. COSMETICS Jaylynn was buying new

50% off sale for all necklaces. During mascara. She bought it on sale for
this sale, what is the cost of a $5.56. If the price represents a 20%
necklace that regularly costs discount from the original price, what
$49.98? $24.99 is the original price to the nearest
cent? $6.95

36 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Homework Practice

Financial Literacy
Find the simple interest earned to the nearest cent for each principal,
interest rate, and time.
1. $750, 7%, 3 years 2. $1,200, 3.5%, 2 years 3. $450, 5%, 4 months
$157.50 $84.00 $7.50

4. $1,000, 2%, 9 months 5. $530, 6%, 1 year 6. $600, 8%, 1 month

$15.00 $31.80 $4.00

Find the simple interest paid to the nearest cent for each loan,
interest rate, and time.
7. $668, 5%, 2 years 8. $720, 4.25%, 3 months 9. $2,500, 6.9%, 6 months
$66.80 $7.65 $86.25

10. $500, 12%, 18 months 11. $300, 9%, 3 years 12. $2,000, 20%, 1 year
$90.00 $81.00 $400.00

13. ELECTRONICS Rita charged $126 for a DVD player at an interest

rate of 15.9%. How much will Rita have to pay after 2 months if
she makes no payments? $129.34
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

14. VACATION The average cost for a vacation is $1,050. If a family borrows money
for the vacation at an interest rate of 11.9% for 6 months, what is the total cost
of the vacation including the interest on the loan? $1,112.48

15. INVESTMENTS Serena has $2,500 to invest in a CD (certificate of deposit).

a. If Serena invests the $2,500 in the CD that yields 4% interest, what
will the CD be worth after 2 years? $2,700
b. Serena would like to have $3,000 altogether. If the interest rate is 5%,
in how many years will she have $3,000? 4 years
c. Suppose Serena invests the $2,500 for 3 years and earns $255. What
was the rate of interest? 3.4%

Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents 37

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Problem Solving Practice

Financial Literacy

1. SAVINGS ACCOUNT How much interest 2. INVESTMENTS Terry invested $2,200

will Hannah earn in 4 years if she in the stock market for 2 years. If the
deposits $630 in a savings account at investment earned 12%, how much
6.5% simple interest? $163.80 money did Terry earn in 2 years? $528

3. RETIREMENT Mr. Pham has $410,000 4. COLLEGE FUND When Melissa was
in a retirement account that earns born, her parents put $8,000 into a
3.85% simple interest each year. Find college fund account that earned
the amount earned each year by this 9% simple interest. Find the total
investment. $15,785 amount in the account after
18 years. $20,960

5. LOTTERY Raj won $900,000 in a 6. SAVINGS Mona opened a savings

regional lottery. After paying $350,000 account with a $500 deposit and a
in taxes, he invested the remaining simple interest rate of 5.6%. If there

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
money in a savings account at 4.25% were no deposits or withdrawals, how
simple interest. How much money is much money is in the account after
1
in the account if Raj makes no 8− years? $738
2
deposits or withdrawals for two
years? $596,750

7. SAVINGS ACCOUNT Malik deposited 8. INHERITANCE Kelli Rae’s inheritance

$1,050 in a savings account, and it from her great-grandmother was
earned $241.50 in simple interest $220,000 after taxes. If Kelli Rae
after four years. Find the interest rate invests this money in a savings
on Malik’s savings account. 5.75% account that earns $18,260 in simple
interest every year, what is the
interest rate on her account? 8.3%

38 Course 2 • Chapter 2 Percents

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Integers and Absolute Value
Write an integer for each situation.
1. a profit of $12 12 2. 1,440 feet below sea level -1,440

3. 22°F below zero -22 4. a gain of 31 yards 31

Graph each set of integers on a number line.

5. {-5, 0, 5} 6. {-3, -2, 1, -4}

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Evaluate each expression.

7.  -11  11 8.  -5  + 8 13 9.  -4  -  -4  0
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

10.  12  ÷ 2 ×  -5  30 11.  -4  + 7 -  3  8 12. 9 +  -6  ÷  -3  11

13. HEALTH A veterinarian recommends that a St. Bernard lose weight.

Write an integer to describe the dog losing 25 pounds. -25

14. GEOGRAPHY Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa. Write an

integer to represent the elevation of Mount Kilimanjaro at 5,895 meters
above sea level. 5,895

15. ECONOMY Gasoline prices occasionally fluctuate during a two-month

period of time. Prices increased 34 cents per gallon during the month of
April and decreased 17 cents per gallon during the month of May. Which
situation has the greater absolute value? Explain.
Increase of 34 cents because  34  = 34,  -17  = 17, and 34 > 17.

Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers 39

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Integers and Absolute Value
1. DEATH VALLEY The lowest point in the 2. RAIN A meteorologist reported that in
United States is Death Valley in the month of April there were 3 inches
California. Its altitude is 282 feet below more rainfall than normal. Write an
sea level. Write an integer to represent integer to represent the amount of
the altitude of Death Valley. -282 rainfall above normal in April. 3

3. ARCHIMEDES A famous mathematician 4. TEMPERATURE In our world’s tropical

and physicist named Archimedes was rain forests, the average temperature of
born in 287 B.C. Write an integer to every month is 64 degrees above zero or
express the year of his birth. -287 higher. Write an integer to express this
temperature. 64

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. STOCK MARKET A certain stock gained 6. ALTITUDE An airplane pilot changed his
5 points in one day and lost 4 points altitude by 100 meters. Describe what
the next day. Which situation has the this could mean. Either 100 or
greater absolute value? Explain. The -100, meaning the plane is
gain has the greater absolute either 100 meters higher or 100
value.  5  = 5,  -4  = 4, 5 > 4. meters lower than its original
position.

40 Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Add Integers
Add.
1. 34 + 22 56 2. -29 + 30 1 3. 9 + (-32) -23

4. -16 + (-28) -44 5. 4 + (-50) -46 6. -12 + (-63) -75

7. -42 + 42 0 8. -28 + 14 -14 9. 13 + 63 76

10. 18 + (-12) + 5 11 11. -22 + (-10) + 15 -17 12. -14 + 0 + 13 -1

Write an addition expression to describe each situation. Then find

each sum and explain its meaning.
13. WEIGHT An actor gains 20 pounds for a part and then loses 15 pounds
during the filming of the movie to go along with the story. 20 + (-15)
or 5 pounds; The actor is 5 pounds above his/her original
weight.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

14. TEMPERATURE At 4:00 A.M., the outside temperature was -28˚F. By

4:00 P.M. that same day, it rose 38 degrees. -28 + 38 or 10
degrees; The temperature at 4:00 p.m. was 10˚F.

15. ROLLER COASTERS The latest thrill ride at a popular theme park takes
roller coaster fans on an exciting ride. In the first 20 seconds, it carries its
passengers up a 100-meter hill, plunges them down 72 meters, and
quickly takes them back up a 48-meter rise. How much higher or lower
from the start of the ride are they after these 20 seconds? 76 meters
higher

Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers 41

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Add Integers
Write an addition expression to describe each situation. Then find
each sum.

1. FOOTBALL A team gains 20 yards. Then 2. MONEY Roger owes his mom $5. He
they lose 7 yards. 20 + (-7); 13 borrows another $6 from her.
(-5) + (-6); -11

3. GOLF Jewel’s score was 5 over par on 4. HOT AIR BALLOON A balloon rises
the first 9 holes. Her score was 4 under 340 feet into the air. Then it descends
par on the second 9 holes. 130 feet. 340 + (-130); 210
5 + (-4); 1

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. CYCLING A cyclist travels downhill for 6. AIRPLANE A plane descends 1,200 feet.
125 feet. Then she travels up a hill Then it descends another 500 feet.
50 feet. -125 + 50; -75 -1,200 + (-500); -1,700

42 Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Subtract Integers
Subtract.
1. 16 - 14 2 2. -4 - 2 -6 3. 9 - (-2) 11

4. -6 - (-8) 2 5. -20 - 10 -30 6. -28 - (-13) -15

7. -33 - 33 -66 8. 28 - 14 14 9. 13 - (-63) 76

10. -18 - (-12) -6 11. 52 - (-30) 82 12. -15 - 0 -15

13. WEATHER The highest and lowest recorded temperatures for the state of
Texas are 120°F and -23°F. Find the difference in these extreme
temperatures. 143˚F

ALGEBRA Evaluate each expression if x = -8, y = 7, and z = -11.

14. x - 7 -15 15. -13 - y -20 16. -11 - z 0
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

17. x - z 3 18. z - y -18 19. y - x 15

20. x - (-z) -19 21. |y - z| 18 22. x - z - y -4

23. ANALYZE TABLES In golf, scores are often stated as the number of strokes above
or below par for the course. Four golfers played two rounds of golf during the
weekend. The table lists their scores for each round in relation to par.

Golfer Patrick Diane James Judy

Round 1 -6 +1 +2 -3
Round 2 -2 -4 +7 +6

a. Find the difference between James’s Round 2 score and Diane’s Round
2 score. 11
b. Find the difference between Patrick’s lower score and Judy’s higher score.
-12 or 12

Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers 43

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Subtract Integers
1. FOOTBALL A team gained 5 yards on 2. CHECKING Your checking account is
their first play of the game. Then they overdrawn by $50. You write a check for
lost 6 yards. Find the total change in $20. What is the balance in your
yardage. -1 yd account? -$70

3. TEMPERATURE The average temperature 4. ROLLER COASTER A roller coaster begins

in Calgary, Canada, is 22˚C in July and at 90 feet above ground level. Then it
-11˚C in January. Find the range of descends 105 feet. Find the height of
the highest and lowest temperatures in the coaster after the first descent.
Calgary. 33˚C -15 ft

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. SAVINGS Sonia has $235 in her savings 6. BEACH Wai and Kuri were digging in
account. She withdraws $45. What is the sand at the beach. Wai dug a hole
left in her savings account? $190 that was 15 inches below the surface
and Kuri dug a hole that was 9 inches
below the surface. Find the difference
in the depths of their holes. 6 in.

44 Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Look for a Pattern
Mixed Problem Solving
Use the look for a pattern strategy Use any strategy to solve Exercises 4–7.
to solve Exercises 1 and 2.
4. TRANSPORTATION A college needs to
1. NUMBERS What are the next two
numbers in the pattern below? transport the swim team to a state
3, 15, 75, 375, . . . meet. The large van carries 15 people
and each smaller van carries 9 people.
1,875 and 9,375 How many smaller vans are needed to
provide rides for 54 people if the large
2. QUILTING Mrs. Perez is a talented
quilter. In the center of the design van is used? 5 smaller vans
of her quilt are four identical red
squares in the shape of a square.
Surrounding these red squares is a
border of 12 identical white squares.
5. ALPHABET What are the next three
Surrounding these white squares is
letters in each pattern shown?
a border of 20 identical blue squares.
How many squares are in the next D, H, L, P, … T and X
border surrounding the 20 blue squares?
28 squares C, F, I, L, … O and R

B B B B B B
B W W W W B
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

B W R R W B 6. POPULATION The land of Ebeye, an

B W R R W B island in the Pacific, had a population of
B W W W W B 200 in 1990, 230 in 1995, and 260 in
2000. About how many people will live
B B B B B B
there in 2015? 350 people

3. The first 4 figures in a geometric

pattern are shown.

7. ASTRONOMY Earth is 93 million miles

from the Sun, while Mars is 142 million
miles from the Sun. Theoretically, what
is the closest distance Mars could be to
Earth? 49 million miles
How many dots would make up the 7th
term of the pattern? 28 dots

Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers 45

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Look for a Pattern
Solve each problem using any strategy you have learned.

1. COLLECTIONS Brittany received 8 silver 2. PATTERNS List the next three terms in
dollars on her eighth birthday. After her the following sequence.
next birthday she had 15 and after the 27, 39, 51, 63, …
next she had 22. After her eleventh 75, 87, 99
birthday she had 29 silver dollars. How
many silver dollars will she have after
her 16th birthday if her collection
increases at the same rate every year?
64 silver dollars

3. GEOMETRY There are 6 rows of squares 4. TICKET SALES Madison High School is
stacked upon each other. The first three putting on a school play. They decide to
are shown. How many total squares are charge $11 for main floor seats and $7
needed for the entire pattern? for balcony seats. If the school sold
42 squares twice as many main floor seats as
balcony seats and made $870, how
many of each type of seat did they sell?

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
60 main floor seats, 30 balcony
seats

5. EXERCISE The table below shows the 6. AGE Brad is three years more than half
distance Katie ran each day this week. of Brandon’s age. If their combined age
If Katie wants to run 30 miles a week, is 93 years, how old is each man?
how many miles must she run on
Brad, 33; Brandon, 60
Sunday? Katie must run 4 miles
on Sunday.
Monday 4 miles
Tuesday 7 miles
Wednesday 5 miles
Thursday 5 miles
Friday 2 miles
Saturday 3 miles

46 Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Multiply Integers
Multiply.

1. 4(-7) -28 2. -14(5) -70 3. 9(-12) -108

4. -6(-8) 48 5. 27(-3) -81 6. -11(-13) 143

7. -55(0) 0 8. (-7)(-7) 49 9. 78(-1) -78

10. (-3)3 -27 11. (-1)4 1 12. (-8)2 64

13. Find -5 cubed. -125

14. Find the product of 13 and -31. -403

15. 5(4) 20 16. 3(-1) -3 17. (-5)(8) -40

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

18. -7(4)(8) -224 19. (-5)(4)(-1) 20 20. -5(-1)3 5

21. -(-5)2 (4) -100 22. -4(8) - (-5) -27 23. (4)2 - 4(-5)(-1) -4

24. RECREATION Hiking up a mountain, you notice that the air temperature
drops 10°C for every 1,000 meters increase in elevation. Write a
multiplication expression to represent the decrease in temperature if you
hike up the mountain 3,000 meters. Then evaluate the expression and
explain its meaning.
3(-10) = -30; The change in temperature of the air
is -30°C.

Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers 47

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Multiply Integers
Multiply.
1. TEMPERATURE Suppose the temperature 2. DIVING A deep-sea diver descends
outside is dropping 3 degrees each below the surface of the water at a rate
hour. How much will the temperature of 60 feet each minute. What is the
change in 8 hours? -24˚ depth of the diver after 10 minutes?
-600 ft

3. STOCK A computer stock lost 2 points 4. DROUGHT A drought can cause the level
each hour for 6 hours. Describe the of the local water supply to drop by a
total change in the stock after 6 hours. few inches each week. Suppose the level
-12 points of the water supply drops 2 inches each
week. How much will it change in
4 weeks? -8 in.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. MONEY Mrs. Rockwell lost money on an 6. TENNIS BALLS Josh purchased 8 cans of
investment at a rate of $4 per day. tennis balls. The cans came with 3 balls
Describe the change in her investment in each can. How many balls did Josh
after two weeks. -$56 purchase? 24 tennis balls

48 Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Divide Integers
Divide.

1. 42 ÷ (-7) -6 2. 45 ÷ (-5) -9 3. -9 ÷ 3 -3

4. -64 ÷ (-8) 8 5. -39 ÷ (-13) 3 6. -121 ÷ 11 -11

-48 -35 -38

7. −−−
12
-4 8. −−−
7
-5 9. −−−
-2
19

32 55 -63
10. −−−
-16
-2 11. −−
-5
-11 12. −−−
7
-9

13. Divide 75 by -25. -3 14. Find the quotient of -30 and -15. 2

ALGEBRA Evaluate each expression if f = -15, g = 5, and h = -45.

15. -20 ÷ g -4 16. 90 ÷ h -2 17. h ÷ f 3

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

f-h g-5
18. fg ÷ 25 -3 19. −−−− 3
10
20. −−−−
-1
0

h - 3g f+h
21. -f ÷ g 3 22. −−−−− 4 23. −−−−
-g 12
f

24. ZOOLOGY The table below shows the weight in pounds of large adult
males in the cat family.

Cat Cheetah Cougar Leopard Lion Tiger

Weight 143 227 200 550 400

a. What is the mean weight of these cats? 304 pounds

b. What is the mean weight of the two largest cats? 475 pounds

Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers 49

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Divide Integers
Divide.

1. STOCK MARKET During a 5-day 2. MOTION Mr. Diaz decreased the speed
workweek, the stock market decreased of his car by 30 miles per hour over a
by 65 points. Find the average daily period of 10 seconds. Find the average
change in the market for the week. change in speed each second.
-13 points -3 mph per second

3. WEATHER Over the past seven days, 4. BASKETBALL The basketball team lost
Mrs. Cho found that the temperature their last 6 games. They lost by a total
outside had dropped a total of of 48 points. Find their average
35 degrees. Find the average change number of points relative to their
in temperature each day. opponents. -8 points per game
-5 degrees per day

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. POPULATION The enrollment at Davis 6. SUBMARINE A submarine descends at a
Middle School dropped by 60 students rate of 60 feet each minute. How long
over a 5-year period. What is the will it take it to descend to a depth of
average yearly drop in enrollment? 660 feet below the surface?
-12 students annually 11 min

50 Course 2 • Chapter 3 Integers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Terminating and Repeating Decimals
Write each fraction or mixed number as a decimal. Use bar notation
if the decimal is a repeating decimal.
5 2 − 37
1. − 0.625 2. − 0.2 3. −− 2.3125
8 9 16

3 27 121
4. - −
4
-0.75 5. −−
50
0.54 6. −−−
25
4.84

5 − 1 −− 62 −−
7. - − -0.83 8. −− 0.03 9. −− 5.63
6 33 11

2 − 11 13
10. −
3
0.6 11. - −−
40
-0.275 12. −−
20
0.65

83 3 1 −
13. −− 16.6 14. −− 0.3 15. - − -0.1
5 10 9

3 −−−−− 111 7
16. − 0.428571 17. −−− 4.625 18. −− 0.21875
7 24 32

Write each decimal as a fraction or mixed number in simplest form.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

2 83 3
19. 0.4 − 20. -0.83 - −−− 21. -3.75 -3−
5 100 4

21 4 13
22. 2.42 2−− 23. 0.16 −− 24. 0.65 −−
50 25 20

25. KILOMETERS One kilometer is approximately 0.62 mile. What fraction

represents this length?
31
−−
50
26. MARATHON Jake completed a marathon race in 3 hours and 12 minutes.
Write Jake’s running time as a decimal.
3.2

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 51

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Terminating and Repeating Decimals
1. BOYS AND GIRLS There were 6 girls and 2. CATS In a neighborhood of 72 families,
18 boys in Mrs. Johnson’s math class. 18 families own one or more cats. Write
Write the number of girls as a fraction the number of families who own one or
of the number of boys. Then write the more cats as a fraction. Then write the
fraction as a repeating decimal. fraction as a decimal.
6 1 18
−− or − ; 0.25 −− ; 0.25
24 4 72

3. CELLULAR PHONES In Italy, about 4. FRUITS Ms. Rockwell surveyed her

74 of every 100 people use cellular class and found that 12 out of the
telephones. Write the fraction of 30 students chose peaches as their
cellular phone users in Italy. Then favorite fruit. Write the number of
write the fraction as a decimal. students who chose peaches as a
74 fraction in simplest form. Then write
−−− ; 0.74
100 the fraction as a decimal.
2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
− ; 0.4
5

5. TRAVEL Tora took a short trip of 6. VOTING In a recent school election,

320 miles. He stopped to have lunch 208 of the 325 freshmen voted in their
after he had driven 120 miles. Write the class election. Write the fraction of
fraction of the trip he had completed by freshmen who voted. Then write the
lunch in simplest form. Then write the fraction as a decimal.
fraction as a decimal. 208
−−− ; 0.64
3 325
− ; 0.375
8

52 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Compare and Order Rational Numbers
Replace each with >, <, or = to make a true sentence.
Use a number line if necessary.
5 1 4 9 < 6 4 2 1
1. −
6
−
3
> 2. −
5
−− 3. −
9
−
6
= 4. −
7
−
8
>
10

15 12 24 36 8 10 14 19 <
5. −− −− > 6. −− −− = 7. - −− - −− > 8. −− −−
21 18 32 48 11 11 15 20

1 2 4 2 17 8 < 12. 9 −1 5 <

9. 4 −
5
4 −−
10
= 10. 7−
9
7−
3
< 11. -1−−
20
-1 −−
10 2
9−
6

13. 1 out of 2 8 out of 10 < 14. 0.65 65 out of 100 =

3
15. 4 out of 5 − > 16. 1 out of 3 1.3 <
4

2 2 7
17. − mile − mile > 18. −− gram 0.72 gram <
3 5 10

3 1 > 1 3
19. − yard − yard 20. 2 − quarts 2− quarts <
8 4 2 5
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

List each set of numbers in order from least to greatest.

3 2 7 8 1 1
21. − , −, 0.65 22. − , 0.98, − 23. 0.2, − , −−
5 3 8 9 4 12
3 2 7 8 1 1
− , 0.65, − −, −, 0.98 −− , 0.2, −
5 3 8 9 12 4

24. BASEBALL The pitchers for the home team had 12 strikeouts for 32 batters,
while the pitchers for the visiting team had 15 strikeouts for 35 batters.
Which pitching team had a greater fraction of strikeouts? the visiting team

19
25. TRANSPORTATION To get to school, −− of the students ride in the family
50
vehicle, 5 out of 12 students ride on the school bus, and 0.12 of the students
ride a bike. Order the types of transportation students use to get to school
from least to greatest. 19
0.12 (riding a bike), −− (riding in the family vehicle),
50
5 out of 12 (riding the school bus)

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 53

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Compare and Order Rational Numbers
1. RAIN The amount of rainfall was 2. MOVIES Because he sees movies at his
measured after a recent storm. The local theater so often, Delmar is being
7 offered a discount. He can have either
north side of town received − inch of
8 1 3
rain, and the south side received − off his next ticket or −− off his next
3 10
13 ticket. Which discount should Delmar
−− inch of rain. Which side of town
15 choose? Explain. 1
received more rain from the storm? 1 3
− off; − > −−
3 3 10
north

3. TRACK Willie runs the 110-meter 4. FARMING Cassie successfully

3 7
hurdles in 17− seconds, and Anier runs harvested −− of her crop, and Robert
5 12
6 29
it in 17−− seconds. Which runner is successfully harvested −− of his crop.
11 50
faster? Anier Which person successfully harvested
the larger portion of his or her crop?
Cassie

5. TRANSPORTATION My-Lien has enough 6. WOOD WORKING Kishi has a bolt that

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
room in her truck to move 3.385 tons of 5
is − inch wide, and she drilled a hole
gravel. Her father has asked her to 8
0.6 inch wide. Is the hole large enough
5
move 3−− tons. Will My-Lien be able to to fit the bolt? Explain. No; − 5
16 > 0.6
move all of the gravel in only one trip? 8
Explain. Yes; 3 −− 5
< 3.385
16

7. PIZZA In a recent pizza-eating contest, 8. STUDYING For a recent algebra exam,

3 3 8
Alfonso ate 1− pizzas, Della ate 1 −− Pat studied 1 −− hours, Toni studied
8 10 15
4 11 9
pizzas, and Jack ate 1 − pizzas. Which 1 −− hours, and Morgan studied 1 −−
9 20 16
person won the contest? hours. List the students in order by who
Jack
studied the most. Morgan,
Toni, Pat

54 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Add and Subtract Like Fractions
Add or subtract. Write in simplest form.
2 3 4 2 4 2 8 7 1 4 5 1
1. − +− 1−− 2. − +− − 3. −− - −− −− 4. − +− 1−
3 5 15 9 9 3 11 11 11 8 8 8

1 5 1 7 1 2 9 5 1 5 2 3
5. −−
18
+ −−
18
− 6. −− - −−
15 15
− 7. −−
16
- −−
16
− 8. −−
14
- −−
14
−−
3 5 4 14

3 1 1 1
7
9. −
8
1
-−
8
−
4
7
10. - −− 4
- −− -1 −−
10
5
11. −
10
3
-−
10 6 6
−
3
2
12. - − 1
- -−
3 ( 3) -−
3

5 1 5 3 2 4 8 1 5 1
13. − +− 1 14. − -− − 15. − +− 1− 16. − -− 1
6 6 5 5 5 9 9 3 4 4

2 4 1 7 7 1 3 11
17. −−
15
+ −− + −−
15 15
−− 18. −−
16
+ −−
16
+ −−
16
−−
15 16

7 2
( 12
3
19. −− 1
+ −− 11
- −− - −−
12 ) 12 12 (5
4
20. − 7
-−
5
1
+− )
-− 5 5
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

21. STATES Most of the state names in the United States end in a vowel.
Of the 50 states, 25 of the state names end in either an a or an e and
6 end in either an i or an o. If none of the state names end in a u, what is
the fraction of state names that end in a vowel?
31
−−
50

3
22. JIGSAW PUZZLES Over the weekend, Halverson had put together −− of
10 16
a jigsaw puzzle, while Jaime put together −− of the puzzle. Who had
16
completed a greater fraction of the jigsaw puzzle, and by how much?
7
Jaime completed −− more.
16

23. TULIPS Solan and Julie each planted tulips. Of Solan’s 20 tulips, 15 were
red, while 10 of Julie’s 20 tulips were red. How much greater was Solan’s
fraction of red tulips than Julie’s?
1
−
4

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 55

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Add and Subtract Like Fractions
RETAIL STORES For Exercises 1–4, use the Fraction of
table at the right. It shows what fraction Type of Store
Stores in Mall
of the stores at a mall fall into seven
1
categories. jewelry −−
30
16
clothing −−
30
5
gifts −−
30
1
electronics −−
30
2
department −−
30
2
shoes −−
30
3
athletic −−
30

1. What fraction of the stores are jewelry 2. What fraction of the stores are clothing
or gift stores? or electronics stores?
1 17
− −−
5 30

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. Which type of store has the greatest 4. How many more clothing stores are
number of stores? clothing stores there than athletic stores? Write as a
fraction.
13
−−
30

5. SEWING Jin wants to make a scarf and 6. RESTAURANT Ms. Malle owns a
matching hat for his sister. The 3
restaurant. Typically, −− of the
7 20
patterns call for − yard of fabric for the 7
8 customers order fish, while −− of the
4 20
scarf and − yard of fabric for the hat. customers order poultry. What fraction
8
How much fabric should Jin buy? Jin of her customers order either fish or
3 poultry? − 1
should buy 1 − yards.
8 2

56 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Add and Subtract Unlike Fractions
Add or subtract. Write in simplest form.
1 5 8 7 1 4
1. −− +− − 2. −− -− −−
18 6 9 15 5 15

9 5 7 5 2 11
3. −− - −− −− 4. −− - −− −−
16 12 48 14 21 42

7 1 17 7 4 29
5. −
8
-−
6
−− 6. - −− - −−
10
- −− 15
24 30

7 1
5
7. −
6
3
- -−( 4) 1 −−
12
2
8. - − 1
- -−
3 ( 2) -−
6

1 1 3 1
9. 1 + −
6
1− 10. 1 - −
4
−
6 4

8 8 1 3
11. 4 + − 4− 12. 5 - − 4−
9 9 4 4
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

2 4 1 2 3 1 11 1
13. − + −− +− 1 −− 14. − +− - −− −
3 15 5 15 4 3 12 6

2 1
15. EYE COLOR If − of the girls in class have brown eyes and − of the girls
3 4
have blue eyes, what fraction of the girls in class have neither blue or
brown eyes?
1
−−
12

1
16. PIE Ubi made a banana cream pie. His brother ate − of the pie and his
2 3
sister ate − of the pie. How much less did his brother eat than his sister?
5
1
−−
15

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 57

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Add and Subtract Unlike Fractions
MARBLES For Exercises 1–4, use the table showing colors of marbles.

Color Fraction
3
Red −−
50
3
Blue −−
25
3
Green −−
10
1
Yellow −−
25
1
Pink −−
10
1
Purple −
5
9
White −−
50

1. What fraction of the marbles are red or 2. What fraction of the marbles are green
blue? or purple?
9 1
−− −
50 2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. What fraction represents how many 4. What fraction represents how many
more purple marbles there are than more white marbles there are than pink
yellow ones? ones?
4 2
−− −−
25 25

1 5
5. GRADES If − of the students got an A 6. WATER AEROBICS If − of the people in a
3 8
2
and − of them got a B, what fraction of water aerobics class are over age 65
5
1
the students got an A or a B? and − of the people in the class are
4
11 under age 40, what fraction of the
−−
15 people in the class are either over 65 or
under 40?
7
−
8

58 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Add and Subtract Mixed Numbers
Add or subtract. Write in simplest form.
3 4 2 5 1 2
1. 2 −
5
+ 1−
5
4− 2. 3 − - 1−
6
2−
6
5 3

3 1 1 3 1 4− 1
3. 4 − + 3− 8− 4. 6 − - 2−
4 2 4 8 4 8

9 2 3 5 7 3
5. 5 −−
10
+ 8−
5
14 −− 6. 3 − - 2−
8
−8
10 4

5 3 2 3 5 12
7. 7 −− - 3− 3− 8. 1 − + 2− 4 −−
12 4 3 5 6 30

3 3− 1 1 5 1 7
9. 6 - 2 − 10. 3 − + 2− - 4− 1−
4 4 2 8 4 8
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

11. GEOMETRY Find the perimeter of the triangle.

5 1
1
6
in. 1 in.
6

2
2 in.
3

2
5− in.
3

3
12. KNITTING Nastia knitted two scarves for her dolls. One was 8 − inches
1 4
long. The other was 1 − inches shorter than the first. How long was the
2
second scarf?
1
7− in.
4

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 59

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Add and Subtract Mixed Numbers
Solve. Write your answer as a fraction in simplest form.

1. RUNNING On Monday, Deborah ran 2. PRINTING Swamee and Luigi were

2
3− miles and on Tuesday she ran printing calendars. Swamee used
5
1 1
4− miles. How many miles did she 2− ink cartridges while Luigi used
5 2
run on these two days together? 3
1− ink cartridges. How many more
4
3
7− miles ink cartridges did Swamee use than
5
Luigi?
3
− ink cartridge
4

3. GARDENS The table shows the 4. MOVIES Mr. and Mrs. Simpson went
number of pounds of green beans to two movies. The first movie lasted
1
that Irma and Jeremiah each picked 2− hours and the second one lasted
3
from their garden. How many total 4
1− hours. How much longer was the
pounds of green beans did they pick? 5
first than the second movie?
Name Pounds

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
8
−− hour
2 15
Irma 5−
3
5
Jeremiah 4−
6
1
10 − pounds
2

5. CELL PHONE Mark talked on his cell 6. VACATION Rodrick and Valentina
phone 3 hours over the weekend. drove to the coast. Rodrick drove
9
Genaro talked on his phone 38 −− miles. Then Valentina drove
10
9 3
1 −− hours. How much longer did the last 51 − miles. How far did they
10 5
Mark talk on his phone than Genaro? drive to the coast?
1
1 90 − miles
1 −− hours 2
10

60 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Draw a Diagram
Mixed Problem Solving
Use the draw a diagram strategy to
solve Exercises 1 and 2.
1. ANTS An ant went 2 meters away from 4. GEOMETRY
4 ft
its nest searching for food. The next Miss Greenwell is
time, the ant went 3 meters away. Each adding 4 feet to the
successive time the ant leaves the nest length and width of 10 ft
to search for food, the ant travels the her rectangular
4 ft 12 ft
sum of the two previous times. How far garden as shown in the
will the ant travel on his fifth trip? diagram. How much additional area
13 meters; See students’ work for will the garden have? 104 ft2
diagram.

2. NECKLACES The center bead of a pearl 5. YARD SALE Myron has sold $18.50 worth
necklace has a 16 millimeter diameter. of items at his yard sale. A neighbor
Each successive bead in each direction bought two items and handed Myron a
3 $10 bill. Myron returned $7.75 in
is − the diameter of the previous one.
4 change. How much has Myron now
Find the diameter of the beads that are
three away from the center bead. sold? $20.75
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3
6− mm; See students’ work for
4
diagram.

Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3–6.

3 6. COUNTRIES The table shows the total
3. TALENT SHOW At a talent show, − of the
5
acts were singing. One-third of the land area of five countries.
remaining acts were instrumental. If 12
Country Total Area
acts were instrumental, how many acts
were in the talent show? 90 acts Brazil 8.5 million sq km
Canada 10.0 million sq km
China 9.6 million sq km
Russia 17.1 million sq km
United States 9.6 million sq km

Estimate how much more total area

Russia has than China.
7.5 million km2

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 61

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Draw a Diagram
Solve each problem using any strategy you have learned.

1. MONEY Chantel has $125 left in her 2. GEOMETRY Draw the next three
checking account after writing checks figures in the pattern.
for $35, $22.50 and $16. What was
her balance before she wrote the
checks? $198.50

1
3. PIZZA Olivia has eaten − of the pizza. 4. EXERCISE Katlyn runs 2 miles after
3
If she has eaten 3 how many pieces school each day, 3 miles on Saturday,
were originally in the pizza? and 4 miles on Sunday. How many
miles does she run during one week?
9 pieces
17 miles

5. WORK Jefferson wants to work at 6. TRAVEL The bus to Washington has

least 25 hours this week. If he has 5

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
traveled − of the way there. If it has
already worked 22 hours, how many 6
traveled 80 miles, how much farther
hours does he need to work on
Saturday? 3 hours does it have to go? 16 miles

7. MUSEUMS The Art Club is planning 8. SPORTS Janean made 50 baskets

on attending a museum. The during the week at practice. The
admission cost is $10 for adults and table below shows when she made
$7.50 for students. If they plan on the baskets. How many baskets did
having 2 adults attend as chaperones she make on Friday? 10 baskets
and have $150 saved from a
fundraiser, what is the maximum Number of
Day
number of students who can attend? Baskets
17 students Monday 5
Tuesday 12
Wednesday 16
Thursday 7
Friday ??

62 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Multiply Fractions
Multiply. Write in simplest form.
3 1 3 3 2 3 1 1 5 3
1. −
5
×−
2
−− 2. −
4
×−
7
−− 3. 10 × −
3
3− 4. - − × 7 -4 −
8
10 14 3 8

1 1 7. − 1 1
1
5. −
7
7
×−
9
−
9
6
6. - −− 1
× -−
11 ( 6) −−
11
5
6
1
×−
5
−
6
1
8. −
8
4
×−
5
−−
10

3 8 4 21 5 18 20 3
9. − ×− 10. − × −− 11. - − × −− 12. −− ×−
8 9 7 32 8 25 21 5
1 3 9 4
− − -− −
3 8 20 7
1
13. 3 − 3
×−
5 8
2
14. −
3
1
× -4 − ( 3 ) 2
15. 15 × 2 −
5
1
16. 5 − ×4
2
1 8
1− -2 − 36 22
5 9
3
17. 8 × 3 −
8
1
18. 10 × 1 −−
15
1
19. 5 −
4 ( 2
× -4 −
3 ) 2
20. 2 − 1
× 1−
7 8
2 1 4
27 10 − -24 − 2−
3 2 7
For Exercises 21 and 22, use measurement conversions.
1 1 1 1
21. Find −− of −−− of a meter. 1 millimeter 22. Find −− of −− of an hour. 1 second
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

10 100 60 60

For Exercises 23–25, evaluate each verbal expression.

23. one fourth of two thirds 24. three fifths of one sixth 25. two fifths of one half
1 1 1
− − −
6 10 5
7
26. GASOLINE Jamal filled his gas tank and then used −− of the tank for
16
1
traveling to visit his grandfather. He then used − of the remaining gas in
3
the tank to run errands around town. What fraction of the tank is filled
3
with gasoline? −
8
3
27. HIKING A hiker averages 6 − kilometers per hour. If he hikes for
8
1 34 kilometers
5− hours, how many kilometers does he hike?
3

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 63

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Multiply Fractions
4 3
1. POPULATION If − of the population of a 2. READING Robin has read − of a book.
5 4
certain town is considered to be middle 1
Mark said he had read − as much as
2
class and the population of the town is Robin. What fraction of the book has
2,000, how many people are considered 3
Mark read? −
middle class? 1,600 people 8

1 2
3. RADIO A radio station spends −− of 4. SALE A bicycle is on sale for − of its
40 3
each 24 hours on public service original price. If the original price is
announcements. How much time is $354, what is the sale price? $236
spent on public service announcements
each day?
3
− h
5

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. STUDENT POPULATION One sixth of the 6. SEWING Anna wants to make 4 sets of
students at a local college are seniors. 1
curtains. Each set requires 5 − yards of
8
The number of freshmen students is fabric. How much fabric does she need?
1
2− times that amount. What fraction of 1
2 20 − yd
the students are freshmen? 2
5
−−
12

1
7. RUNNING It takes Awan 8 − minutes to 8. STOCK Carl bought some stock at $25 a
3 1
1 share. The stock increased to 1 − times
run one mile. It takes Kate 1 − times 2
5
longer. How long does it take Kate to its value. How much is the stock per
run one mile? share? $37.50 per share
10 min

64 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Homework Practice

Convert Between Systems
Complete. Round to the nearest hundredth if necessary.
1. 1.82 m ≈ 2 yd 2. 3.6 mi ≈ 5.80 km

3. 0.95 m ≈ 3.17 ft 4. 6.8 yd ≈ 6.19 m

5. 3.4 qt ≈ 3,217.59 mL 6. 825 mL ≈ 1.74 pt

7. 8.41 L ≈ 2.22 gal 8. 14.3 lb ≈ 6.49 kg

9. 762.8 g ≈ 1.68 lb 10. 8.5 in. ≈ 21.59 cm

11. 94 cm ≈ 37.01 in. 12. 125 mL ≈ 0.53 c

13. 3 c ≈ 709.77 mL 14. 210 lb ≈ 95.26 kg

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Determine which measurement is greater.

15. 2 yd, 1.7 m 2 yd 16. 7 lb, 4 kg 4 kg 17. 6 gal, 22 L 6 gal

18. Order the following measures from least to greatest:

0.5 m, 30 in., 1.25 ft, 17 cm 17 cm, 1.25 ft, 0.5 m, 30 in.

19. CASSEROLE Cassandra used 2.8 pounds of ground beef in a recipe for
hamburger casserole. About how many kilograms is the mass of the ground beef?
1.27 kg

20. BEDROOM Hayfa measured the length of her room and found that it
was 4.5 yards long. About how many meters is the length of her room?
4.10 m

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 65

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Problem-Solving Practice

Convert Between Systems
1. RACE Leola ran in a 10-kilometer race. 2. SUPPER Dallison cooked a 5-pound roast
About how many miles did she run? for supper. What is the estimated mass
6.21 mi in grams? 2,268 grams

3. SWIMMING POOL Nykia swam the 4. LEMONADE Beryl made 5 gallons of

length of her swimming pool twice. The lemonade for a family gathering. About
dimensions of her pool are shown below. how many liters of lemonade did Beryl
About how many meters did she swim? make? 18.95 L
12.6 m

7 ft

21 ft

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. MATH BOOK The length of Yuan’s math 6. YOGURT Leatrice bought two one-quart
book is 10.5 inches. What is the containers of frozen yogurt. About how
approximate length of her book in many liters of frozen yogurt did she
centimeters? 26.67 cm buy? 1.89 L

7. AUTOMOBILES Mr. Shelton’s car weighs 8. ELEVATORS The elevator in a new

about 1.75 tons. Find the approximate building travels a maximum distance of
weight of his car in kilograms. 32 meters. Find the estimated distance
1,587.6 kg traveled in yards. 35.16 yd

66 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Homework Practice

Divide Fractions
Divide. Write in simplest form.
3 3 4 4 8 9 6 5 1 1 1 1
1. −
5
÷−
4
− 2. - −
7
÷−
9 - −− 3. −
7
÷−
6
1 −− 4. −
4
÷−
2
−
5 14 35 2

1 6 3 1 3 2 5
5. 7 ÷ −
3
21 6. −−
11
÷2 −− 7. 4 −
5
÷ (-7) − 8. 8 ÷ 4 − 1− 3
11 5 7

9 8 2 1
3
9. −
4
1
÷ 1−
6
−−
14
7
10. - −
9 ( 5
÷ -2 −
8 ) −−
27
2
11. 3 −
5
1
÷ 5 −− −
10 3
8
12. 4 − 2
÷−
9 3
7−
3

3 1 2 14. 7−
1 1 1 7 1 5
13. 2 − ÷ 1−
5 4
2 −− 2
÷ 2−
2
3 15. 5 −
4
÷−
8
6 16. -8 − ÷−
3 9
-15
25

3
17. COOKING Mrs. Lau rolls out 2 − feet of dough to make noodles. If the
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

4
3
noodles are − of an inch wide, how many noodles will she make?
8
88 noodles

18. PIZZA Use the table that shows the weights Pizza Size Weight (lbs)
of three sizes of pizza.
1
a. How many times as heavy is the extra large Extra large 6−
2
pizza than the small pizza?
1
Medium 3−
4 times 4
5
Small 1−
8

b. How many times heavier is the medium

pizza than the small pizza?
2 times

Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers 67

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Problem-Solving Practice

Divide Fractions
3
1. PUPPETS If a puppet requires − yard of 2. COOKING A batch of cookies requires
4
material, how many puppets can be 1
1− cups of sugar. How many batches
made from 9 yards of material? 2 1
can Ty make with 7 − cups of sugar?
2
12 puppets 5 batches

1
3. FOOD Julia has 3 − pounds of dog food. 4. SNOW CONES Randy has two 28-pound
2
She plans to split it equally among her blocks of ice for his snow cone stand. If
2
7 dogs. How much dog food will each each snow cone requires − pound of ice,
3
dog receive? how many snow cones can Randy
1 make? 42 snow cones
− lb
2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. APPLES Juan took 6 apples and cut each 6. VACATION The Torres family drove
into eighths. How many pieces of apple 1
1,375 miles during their 6 − -day
did he have? 48 pieces 4
vacation. Find the average number of
miles they traveled each day. 220 mi

7. RUNNING Hugo just joined the cross- 8. LUMBER Mrs. Shin has a piece of
country team and can run at a rate of 5
lumber that is 11 − inches wide. She
1 8
− mile each minute. How long will it plans to split the width of lumber into
7
take him to run a 5-mile race? 3 equal pieces. How wide will each
35 min piece be?
7
3− in.
8

68 Course 2 • Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Algebraic Expressions
Evaluate each expression if r = 5, s = 2, t = 7, and u = 1.
1. s + 7 9 2. 9 - u 8 3. 3t + 1 22

4. 5r - 4 21 5. t - s 5 6. u + r 6

7. 11t - 7 70 8. 6 + 3u 9 9. 4r - 10s 0

10. 3u2 3 11. 2t2 - 18 80 12. r2 + 8 33

s 30 (3 + u)2
13. − 1 14. −−
r 6 15. −−−−− 2
2 8

Evaluate each expression if a = 4.1, b = 5.7, and c = 0.3.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

16. a + b - c 9.5 17. 10 - (a + b) 0.2 18. b - c + 2 7.4

w
19. MOON The expression −− gives the weight of an object on the Moon in pounds with a
6
weight of w pounds on Earth. What is the weight of a space suit on the Moon if the
space suit weighs 178.2 pounds on Earth? 29.7 pounds

20. Complete the table. Ounces

Pounds (p)
(16p)
1 16
2 32
3 48
4 64
5 80

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 69

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Algebraic Expressions

1. FIELD TRIP The seventh grade math 2. SOCCER Jason earns $20 per game as
classes are going on a field trip. The a referee in youth soccer games. Write
field trip will cost $7 per student. an expression to find how much
Write an expression to find the cost of money Jason will earn for refereeing
the field trip for s students. What is any number of games. Let n represent
the total cost if 26 students go on the the number of games Jason has
trip? 7s; $182 refereed. How much will he earn for
refereeing 6 games? 20n; $120

3. PROFIT The expressions c - e, where 4. SAVINGS Kata has a savings account

c stands for the money collected and that contains $230. She decides to
e stands for the expenses, is used to deposit $5 each month from her
find the profit from a basketball monthly earnings for baby-sitting after
concession. If $500 was collected and school. Write an expression to find how
expenses were $150, find the profit much money Kata will have in her
for the concession. $350 savings account after x months. Let x
represent the number of months. Then
find out how much she will have in her
account after 1 year. 5x + 230; $290

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. MONEY Mr. Wilson has $2,500 in his 6. ANIMALS Write an expression to
savings account and m dollars in his represent the total number of legs on
checking account. Write an expression h horses and c chickens. How many
that describes the total amount that legs are there in 5 horses and
he has in both accounts. 2,500 + m 6 chickens? 4h + 2c; 32 legs

9
7. T-SHIRTS The band wants to order 8. TEMPERATURE The expression − C + 32,
5
T-shirts. The T-shirts cost $15 each where C stands for temperature in
plus a shipping fee of $10. Write an degrees Celsius, is used to convert
expression to find the total cost of c Celsius to Fahrenheit. If the
T-shirts. 15c + 10 temperature is 20 degrees Celsius,
find the temperature in degrees
Fahrenheit. 68°F

70 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Sequences
Describe the relationship between the terms in each arithmetic
sequence. Then write the next three terms in each sequence.
1. 0, 5, 10, 15, … 2. 1, 3, 5, 7, … 3. 18, 27, 36, 45, …
5 is added to each 2 is added to each 9 is added to each
term; 20, 25, 30 term; 9, 11, 13 term; 54, 63, 72

4. 7, 19, 31, 43, … 5. 8, 18, 28, 38, … 6. 25, 26, 27, 28, …
12 is added to each 10 is added to each 1 is added to each
term; 55, 67, 79 term; 48, 58, 68 term; 29, 30, 31

7. 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, … 8. 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, 3.7, … 9. 5.1, 6.2, 7.3, 8.4, …
0.4 is added to each 0 is added to each 1.1 is added to each
term; 2.0, 2.4, 2.8 term; 3.7, 3.7, 3.7 term; 9.5, 10.6, 11.7

10. 17, 31, 45, 59, … 11. 30, 50, 70, 90, … 12. 14, 41, 68, 95, …
14 is added to each 20 is added to each 27 is added to each
term; 73, 87, 101 term; 110, 130, 150 term; 122, 149, 176
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

NUMBER SENSE Find the 40th term in each arithmetic sequence.

13. 4, 8, 12, 16, … 14. 13, 26, 39, 52, … 15. 6, 12, 18, 24, …
160 520 240

16. GEOMETRY The lengths of the sides of a 6-sided polygon are an arithmetic sequence.
The length of the shortest side is 3 meters. If the length of the next longer side is
5 meters, what is the length of the longest side?
13 meters

17. FREE FALLING OBJECT A free falling object increases speed by a little over
22 miles per hour each second. The arithmetic sequence 22, 44, 66, …, represents
the speed after each second, in miles per hour, of a dropped object. How fast is a rock
falling after 8 seconds if it is dropped over the side of a cliff?
176 mph

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 71

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Sequences

1. NUMBERS The multiples of two form a 2. OLYMPICS The summer Olympics

sequence as follows: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, occur every four years. If the last
14, 16, …. Describe the sequence you summer Olympics happened in 2008,
see. What about the multiples of when are the next three times that it
three? Four? Five? will occur? Describe the sequence the
Arithmetic; the multiples of any Olympic years form.
number would result in an 2012, 2016, 2020; This is an
arithmetic sequence. arthimetic sequence where the
common difference is 4.
3. BABY-SITTING Tonya charges $3.50 per 4. JOGGING Luther starts jogging 8
hour to baby-sit. The sequence $3.50, minutes on the first day and then
$7.00, $10.50, $14.00, … represents increases his time by 4 minutes each
how much she charges for each day. How many minutes will he jog
subsequent hour. For example, $10.50 the fifth day?
is the third term that represents how 24 minutes
much she charges for 3 hours. What
are the next three terms in the
sequence? How much does she charge
for 7 hours of baby-sitting?
$17.50, $21.00, $24.50; $24.50

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. BACTERIA Three bacteria are in a 6. ENROLLMENT The enrollment at Grove
dish. Each hour the number of Middle School is expected to increase
bacteria increases by four. If at the by 40 students each year for the next
end of the first hour there are 5 years. If their current enrollment is
12 bacteria, how many bacteria are 600 students, find their enrollment
there at the end of the next three after each of the next 5 years.
hours? 640, 680, 720, 760, 800
16, 20, 24

7. SALARY Mrs. Malone’s current salary 8. FIBONACCI The Fibonacci sequence is

is $15,000. She expects it to increase named after Leonardo Fibonacci who
$1,000 per year. Write the first first explored it. Look at the Fibonacci
6 terms of a sequence that represents sequence below and describe its
her salary. The first term should be pattern. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, …
her current salary. What does the Each term is found by adding the
sixth term represent? two previous terms.
15,000; 16,000; 17,000; 18,000;
19,000; 20,000; her salary after
6 years

72 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Properties of Operations
Name the property shown by each statement.
1. 1 · (a + 3) = a + 3 2. 2p + (3q + 2) = (2p + 3q) + 2
Multiplicative Identity Associative Property of Addition
3. (ab)c = c(ab) 4. 2t · 0 = 0
Commutative Property of Multiplicative Property of Zero
Multiplication
5. m(nr) = (mn)r 6. 0 + 2s = 2s
Associative Property of Additive Identity
Multiplication
State whether the following conjectures are true or false. If false,
provide a counterexample.
7. The product of an odd number and an even number is always odd. false; 2 · 3 = 6

8. The sum of two whole numbers is always larger than either whole number.
false; 2 + 0 = 2
Simplify each expression. Justify each step.
9. 2d(3)
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

2d(3) = 2(d · 3) = 2(3d) Associative Property of Multiplication

= (2 · 3)d Commutative Property of Multiplication
= 6d Simplify.

10. 2y + (4 + 5y)
2 + (4 + 5y) = (2 + 4)+ 5y Associative Property of Addition
= 6 + 5y Simplify.

11. FAXES Marcellus sent four faxes to Gem. The first fax took 14 seconds to
send, the second fax 19 seconds, the third 16 seconds, and the fourth 11
seconds. Use mental math to find out how many seconds it took to fax all
four documents to Gem. Explain your reasoning. 60 s; Sample
answer: 14 + 16 = 30, 19 + 11 = 30, 30 + 30 = 60
12. SNOW The first four snowfalls of the year in Shawnee’s hometown
measured 1.6 inches, 2.2 inches, 1.8 inches, and 1.4 inches. Use mental
math to find the total amount of snow that fell. Explain your reasoning.
7 in.; Sample answer: 1.6 + 1.4 = 3, 2.2 + 1.8 = 4, 3 + 4 = 7

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 73

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Properties of Operations

1. PROPERTY Alana’s house sits on a 2. SHOPPING Sera went to the mall

rectangular lot with dimensions and made four purchases. She
62.4 feet by 108.6 feet. Use mental spent $2.85, $5.11, $7.89, and
math to find the perimeter. $4.15. Use mental math to
342 ft determine how much money Sera
spent at the mall.
$20

3. VIDEO GAME Porsche bought a new 4. FLOWERS Bethany placed a bouquet

video game. The first time she of roses in a vase full of water. Each
played, it took her 24 minutes to day she recorded how much water
reach Level 2, the second time it had evaporated from the vase
took 18 minutes, the third time it before refilling it. The results are
took 16 minutes, and the fourth shown in the table below. Over the
time it took 12 minutes. Use mental course of five days how much water
math to determine how many had evaporated? Use mental math
minutes she spent at Level 1 while to find your answer. 4 in.
playing these four games.
Day 1 2 3 4 5
70 min
Evaporation (in.) 0.8 0.2 1.1 0.9 1

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. RECORDS Olympia listened to some 6. DISTANCE Anza gave Angela
old records. The first song lasted directions to her house from school.
2 minutes and 12 seconds, the Angela was to head south for
second lasted 2 minutes and 2.2 miles, then west for 3.5 miles,
16 seconds, the third 2 minutes and then south again for 5.8 miles. Use
18 seconds, and the fourth 3 minutes mental math to determine how far
and 4 seconds. Use mental math to school is from Anza’s house.
determine the total playing time for Explain your reasoning.
all four records. 11.5 miles; Sample answer:
9 min and 50 sec 2.2 + 5.8 = 8; 8 + 3.5 = 11.5

7. GROCERIES Tayshawn saw the following sign in a SALE

butcher shop. If he buys one of each item, how much
Roast - $7.19
will he spend? Use mental math to help find your
answer. Explain your reasoning. Bread - $1.56
$12; Sample answer: $7.19 + $2.81 = $10; Milk - $2.81
$1.56 + $0.44 = $2; $10 + $2 = $12 Yogurt - $0.44

74 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

The Distributive Property
Use the Distributive Property to evaluate each expression.
1. (16 - 6)2 2. 4(12 + 3)

20 60

3. -3(-7 + 2) 4. (8 + 3)(-1)

15 -11

5. 5(7 + 3) 6. -2(8 - 5)

50 -6

Use the Distributive Property to rewrite each expression.

7. (2 + g)8 8. 4(h - 5g)

16 + 8g 4h - 20g

9. -7(5 - n) 10. 8(2m + 1)

-35 + 7n 16m + 8
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

11. 6x(y - z) 12. -3(2b - 2a)

6xy - 6xz -6b + 6a

13. DINING OUT The table shows the different prices at a diner. Item Cost ($)
Sandwich $5
a. Write two equivalent expressions for the total cost if two
customers order each of the items. Drink $2
2($5 + $2 + $3), 2 · $5 + 2 · $2 + 2 · $3 Dessert $3

b. What is the total cost for both customers? $20

14. SUNDAES Carmine bought 5 ice cream sundaes for his friends. If each
sundae costs $4.95, how much did he spend? Justify your answer by
using the Distributive Property.
$24.75; 5($5 - $0.05) = 5 · $5 - 5 · $0.05 = $25 - $0.25

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 75

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

The Distributive Property

1. SCHOOL PLAY Marika and her three 2. LUNCH Althea buys a carton of milk
friends attended the school play. each day at school. The milk costs
Tickets cost $5.75 each, and Marika $0.90. How much does she spend on
paid for everyone. Find the total cost milk during a typical 5-day week?
of the tickets. Justify your answer by Justify your answer by using the
using the Distributive Property. Distributive Property.
$23; 4($6 - $0.25) = 4 · $6 - 4 · $4.50; 5($1 - $0.10) = 5 · $1 -
$0.25 = $24 - $1 5 · $0.10 = $5 - $0.50

3. BOOKSTORE The sign below indicates 4. HOCKEY The table shows the price of a
the cost for several items at Ting’s ticket and food items at a hockey game.
middle school bookstore. If Ting wants a. Suppose Coleman and two of his
to buy two of each item, how much friends go to the game. Write an
will it cost? Justify your answer by expression that could be used to
using the Distributive Property. find the total cost for them to go to
$13; 2($1 + $2.50 + $3) = 2 · $1 + the game and buy one of each item.
2 · $2.50 + 2 · $3 = $2 + $5 + $6 3($7 + $3.50 + $2.25 + $1.50)
b. What is the total cost for all three
Item Price ($) people? $42.75
Pencil 1.00
Pen 2.50 Item Cost ($)
Ticket 7.00

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
Notebook 3.00
Hot dog 3.50
Fries 2.25
Candy bar 1.50

5. PICTURES Belinda wants to buy 6. FLASH DRIVES Mr. Kaplan is ordering

5 pictures to hang in her family room. 30 flash drives for the students in his
If each picture costs $30.90, how class. If each one costs $11.95, how
much will it cost her to buy all five? much will he pay? Justify your
Justify your answer by using the answer by using the Distributive
Distributive Property. Property.
$154.50; 5($31 - $0.10) = 5 · $358.50; 30($12 - $0.05) = 30 ·
$31 - 5 · $0.10 = $155 - $0.50 $12 - 30 · $0.05 = $360 - $1.50
7. FORMULA Mr. and Mrs. Newby are 8. TIRES Mao needs four new tires for his
buying baby formula. Each case of car. Each tire costs $88.70. How much
formula costs $59.89. If they want to will it cost him to buy the tires?
purchase four cases, how much will Justify your answer by using the
they pay? Justify your answer by Distributive Property.
using the Distributive Property. $354.80; 4($89 - $0.30) = 4 ·
$239.56; 4($60 - $0.11) = 4 · $89 - 4 · $0.30 = $356 - $1.20
$60 - 4 · $0.11 = $240 - $0.44

76 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation:
Make a Table
Use the make a table strategy to solve Exercises 1- 4.
1. READING Shayna is reading a new novel. The last three nights she has read 25, 31,
and 37 pages. If she continues reading in this pattern, how many pages of the book can
she expect to have read after the sixth night? 240 pages

2. TEMPERATURE The table shows the daily Day Temperature (˚F)

high temperature for a city for the past four
Sun. 72
days. If the patttern continues, what would you
expect the high temperature to be for the next Mon. 73
two days? 82ºF, 87ºF Tues. 75
Wed. 78
3. NUMBERS What are the next three numbers in the
pattern below?
138, 113, 88, ____, ____, ____ 63, 38, 13

4. TYPING Parker is taking a typing class. His scores on his timed typing tests are 18,
20, and 24 words per minute. Parker has two more timed tests to take in the course.
If the pattern continues, how many words per minute can Parker expect to be able to
type at the end of the course? Sample answer: 48 wpm

Use any strategy to solve Exercises 5 - 8.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

5. DANCE The cheerleaders are practicing a dance routine in which all 36 of them
need to be in a triangular formation. There will be two more cheerleaders in each row
than the previous row. How many rows will be in the formation? 6 rows

6. GEOMETRY Draw the next two figures in the pattern shown below.

7. PRECIPITATION The table shows the average monthly precipitation for Seattle,
Washington. About how much precipitation can Seattle expect to receive during
March through August? For the whole year? Sample answers: 10 in.; 34 in.

Average Monthly Precipitation for Seattle, Washington (in.)

Jan. 5.1 May 1.7 Sept. 1.6
Feb. 3.7 June 1.4 Oct. 3.0
Mar. 3.3 July 0.7 Nov. 5.1
Apr. 2.2 Aug. 0.9 Dec. 5.4

8. CAKE Tiffany is cutting a rectangular cake for a party. She needs 30 equal-sized
pieces to serve all the guests. How many cuts will Tiffany need to make in
the cake? 10 cuts

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 77

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation:
Make a Table

1. WAGES The table shows the amount 2. BABY SITTING For the last five weeks,
of annual pay raise Miss Jones Sahara has baby sat 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10
received the last three years. If the hours each week. If the pattern
pattern in her pay continues, how continues, how many total hours will
much can she expect her pay increase she have baby sat in 10 weeks?
to be five years from now? $4,000 105 hours
Annual
Year
Raise ($)
Two Years Ago 500
Last Year 1,000
Current year 1,500

3. GEOMETRY Draw the next two figures 4. EXERCISE A trainer is recording a

in the pattern shown below. client’s progress each week. The table
shows the client’s weight each week
for the first four weeks of the
program. If the pattern continues,
how much total weight can he expect
to lose after following the program for

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
12 weeks? 33 lb

Week 1 2 3 4

Weight (lb) 145 142 139 136

5. CLUBS Attendance at the last three 6. STUDYING For his history exam
foreign language club meetings has tomorrow, Zachary has studied for
been 24, 20, and 16 students. If 2 hours and 40 minutes. This is
attendance continues to change in 10 minutes more than twice the
this pattern, how many students can amount of time he spent studying for
be expected to attend the next his last exam. How many more
meeting? 12 minutes did Zachary study for his
history exam than his last exam?
75 minutes or 1 hour and
15 minutes

78 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Simplify Algebraic Expressions
Identify the terms, like terms, coefficients, and constants in each
expression.
1. 4b + 7b + 5 2. 8 + 6t - 3t + t 3. -5x + 4 - x -1
terms: 4b, 7b, 5; terms: 8, 6t, -3t, t; terms: -5x, 4, -x, -1;
like terms: 4b, 7b like terms: 6t, -3t, t; like terms: -5x, -x;
coefficients: 4, 7; coefficients: 6, -3, 1; 4, -1; coefficients: -5,
constant: 5 constant: 8 -1; constants: 4, -1
4. 2z - z + 6 5. 4 + h - 8 - h 6. y - y - 2 + 2
terms: 2z, -z, 6; terms: 4, h, -8, -h; terms: y, -y, -2, 2;
like terms: 2z, -z; like terms: h, -h; like terms: y, -y; -2, 2;
coefficients: 2, -1; 4, -8; coefficients: coefficients: 1, -1;
constant: 6 1, -1; constants: 4, -8 constants: -2, 2
Write each expression in simplest form.
7. h + 6h 7h 8. 10k - k 9k 9. 3b + 8 + 2b 5b + 8

3 1 7 1
10. - − x-− +− x-− 11. 5c - 3d - 12c + d 12. -y + 9z - 16y - 25z
4 3 8 2
5
1x - − -7c - 2d -17y - 16z
−
8 6
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

MEASUREMENT Write an expression in simplest form for the perimeter

of each figure.
13. 14. 15. 3y - 2
3a - 1 4h + 6
a
4x - 3 2y -1
2a + 3 2x 2y + 2

5h
y

2y - 2
6a + 2 9h + 6x + 3 10y - 3

16. SHOPPING Maggie bought c CDs for $12 each, b books for $7 each, and
a purse costing $24.

a. Write an expression to show the total amount of money Maggie spent.

$12c + $7b + $24

b. If Maggie bought 4 CDs and 3 books, how much money did she spend?
$93

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 79

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Simplify Algebraic Expressions

1. GAMES At the Beltway Outlet store, 2. TENNIS Two weeks ago, Star bought
you buy x computer games for $13 3 cans of tennis balls. Last week, she
each and a magazine for $4. Write an bought 4 cans of tennis balls. This
expression in simplest form that week, she bought 2 cans of tennis
represents the total amount of money balls. The tennis balls cost d dollars
you spend. $13x + $4 per can. Write an expression in
simplest form that represents the
total amount that Star spent.
$9d

3. AMUSEMENT PARKS Sari and her 4. BICYCLING The bicycle path at the
friends played miniature golf. There park is a loop that covers a distance
were p people in the group. Each of m miles. Dot biked 2 loops each on
person paid $5 for a round of golf and Monday and Wednesday and 3 loops
together they spent $9 on snacks. on Friday. On Sunday, Dot biked
Write an expression in simplest form 10 miles. Write an expression in
that represents the total amount that simplest form that represents the

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
Sari and her friends spent. total distance that Dot biked this
$5p + $9 week. 7m + 10 mi

5. GEOMETRY Write an expression in 6. SIBLINGS Mala is y years old. Her

simplest form for the perimeter of the sister is 4 years older than Mala.
triangle below. 8x + 1 Write an expression in simplest form
that represents the sum of the ages of
the sisters. 2y + 4 yr
2x 2x + 3

4x - 2

80 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Add Linear Expressions
Add. Use models if needed.
1. (9x + 7) + (x + 3) 2. (-4x + 6) + (x - 5)
10x + 10 -3x + 1

3. (-3x + 15) + (-3x + 2) 4. (-2x + 10) + (-8x - 1)

-6x + 17 -10x + 9

5. (-2x + 4) + (x - 11) 6. (8x + 9) + (-6x - 1)

-x - 7 2x + 8

7. (-6x + 3) + (5x - 4) 8. (2x - 4) + (-x + 9)

-x - 1 x+5

9. (-8x + 2) + (-5x + 7) 10. (-4x - 2) + (13x + 1)

-13x + 9 9x - 1

11. (-7x - 14) + (x - 6) 12. (12x + 3) + (-7x + 5)

-6x - 20 5x + 8

13. (4x - 1) + (-5x + 17) 14. (-9x + 2) + (-8x - 2)

-x + 16 -17x
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

15. (1.3x + 2.4) + (-6.1x - 3.2) 16. (0.5x - 0.6) + (0.75x - 0.1)
-4.8x - 0.8 1.25x - 0.7

17. GEOMETRY A rectangle has side lengths of (3x + 6) inches and (2x - 4) inches. Write an
expression to represent the perimeter of the rectangle. Then find the value of x if the
perimeter is 94 inches. 10x + 4; 9

18. CRUISE SHIPS The table shows the number of cruise ships in a harbor on various days.

Day Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Number x-4 x+9 2x 3x - 7 4

a. Write an expression for the total number of cruise ships in the harbor on Monday
and Tuesday. 2x + 5

b. Write an expression for the total number of cruise ships in the harbor on all 5 days.
7x + 2

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 81

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Add Linear Expressions

1. SWIMMING The table gives the 2. GEOMETRY Write an expression for

number of laps Pragitha swam each the perimeter of this pentagon. If the
week. Write an expression for the perimeter is 157 units, find x.
total number of laps she swam all 17x + 4; 9
four weeks. 10x - 3
(4x - 1)

Week 1 2 3 4 (4x - 1) (3x + 2)

Laps x+2 3x 2x + 1 4x - 6
(3x + 2) (3x + 2)

3. BEDROOM Write an expression for the 4. HOCKEY The table shows the number
perimeter of the bedroom shown of goals scored during each game.
below. 6x + 2 Write an expression for the total
number of goals scored in these
3 games. 6x + 1
(x + 4)
Game 1 2 3

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
(2x - 3)
Goals 2x x+2 3x - 1

5. FLIGHT An airline charges $(22x + 20) 6. FOOD Loy paid $(4x + 7) for a beef
for a ticket, $(x + 1) to check a bag, roast and $(2x - 5) for five pounds of
$2x for food, and $(15x - 16) to potatoes. Write an expression for the
upgrade to first class. Write an total amount he spent on food.
expression to represent the total cost of $(6x + 2)
flying first class, checking a bag, and
buying food on the plane.
$(40x + 5)

82 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Homework Practice

Subtract Linear Expressions
Subtract. Use models if needed.
1. (9x + 7) - (x + 3) 8x + 4 2. (3x - 4) - (x - 5) 2x + 1

3. (-3x + 15) - (-3x + 2) 13 4. (-2x + 10) - (-8x - 1) 6x + 11

5. (-2x + 4) - (x - 11) -3x + 15 6. (8x + 9) - (6x - 1) 2x + 10

7. (x + 3) - (5x - 4) -4x + 7 8. (2x - 4) - (-x + 9) 3x - 13

9. (-8x + 2) - (-5x + 7) -3x - 5 10. (-4x - 2) - (13x + 1) -17x - 3

11. (-7x - 14) - (x - 6) -8x - 8 12. (12x + 3) - (-7x + 5) 19x - 2

13. (3x - 1) - (-5x + 17) 8x - 18 14. (-9x + 2) - (-8x - 2) -x + 4

15. (1.3x + 2.4) - (6.1x - 3.2) 16. (-0.5x - 0.4) - (0.75x - 0.6)
-4.8x + 5.6 -1.25x + 0.2
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

17. FOOTBALL The Dolphins scored 2x - 7 points, while the Jaguars scored - 5x - 3 points.
How many more points did the Dolphins score than the Jaguars? (7x - 4) points

18. LUNCH The table shows the cost of a sandwich and a drink at a local cafeteria. How
much more does a sandwich cost than a drink? x + 1.01

Item Sandwich Drink

Cost ($) 2x + 1.50 x + 0.49

19. COLLEGE COSTS The table shows some college costs. How much more is tuition than the
cost of fees and room and board? 6x + 22

Item Tuition Fees Room and Board

Cost ($) 8x + 75 x + 50 x+3

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 83

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Problem-Solving Practice

Subtract Linear Expressions

1. GASOLINE The table gives the cost of a 2. GEOMETRY What is the difference in
gallon of gasoline at two stations. the areas of the polygons shown?
How much more does gasoline cost at 4x - 11
Gas For Less than at Cut-Rate?
3x - 4.7
A=x+4 A = 5x - 7
Cut-Rate -2x + 3.5
Gas for Less x - 1.2

3. PLACEMATS Find the missing side of 4. SHOES Uthara has 6x - 7 pairs of

the placemat shown if the perimeter shoes while China has 2x + 3 pairs of
is 28x + 11 inches. (7x - 5) in. shoes. How many more pairs of shoes
?
does Uthara have than China?
4x - 4

(8x + 2) in. (8x + 2) in.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
(5x + 12) in.

5. INSECTS A grasshopper has a length 6. PANTHERS Two Florida panthers were

of (5x - 2) inches. A spider has a weighed. One weighs 6x + 21 pounds
length of (2x - 1) inches. How much and the two together weigh 14x + 11
longer is the grasshopper? pounds. How much does the other
(3x - 1) in. panther weigh alone?
8x - 10 pounds

84 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Homework Practice

Factor Linear Expressions
Find the GCF of each pair of monomials.
1. 20, 45x 2. 15r, 25 3. 8xy, 14x
5 5 2x

4. 30w, 70w 5. 4st, 12s 6. 11gh, 33g

10w 4s 11g

7. 16mn, 24m 8. 25f, 60g 9. 33c,55cd

8m 5 11c

10. 50j, 75jk 11. 27cd, 72cde 12. 48t, 60st

25j 9cd 12t

Factor each expression. If the expression cannot be factored, write

cannot be factored.
13. 4x + 12 4(x + 3) 14. 8r - 14 2(4r - 7)

15. 5x + 35 5(x + 7) 16. 7 + 14x 7(1 + 2x)

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

17. 32x - 15 cannot be factored 18. 24 + 32x 8(3 + 4x)

19. 6x - 9 3(2x - 3) 20. 48 + 24x 24(2 + x)

21. 72 - 18x 18(4 - x) 22. 25x + 14 cannot be factored

23. 100x + 150 50(2x + 3) 24. 130x - 13 13(10x - 1)

25. GEOMETRY The rectangle shown 26. FUNDRAISING The Art Club receives
below has a total area of (4x + 36) $10 plus $2 for every sculpture they sell
square feet. Factor 4x + 36. for a fundraiser. The expression 2x + 10
4(x + 9) represents the amount the Art Club
receives if they sell x sculptures.
Factor 2x + 10. 2(x + 5)
4x 36

Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions 85

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Problem-Solving Practice

Factor Linear Expressions

1. MEASUREMENT A sidewalk has an 2. RENTAL The cost of renting a

area that can be represented by the speedboat can be represented by the
expression (8x + 24) feet. Factor the expression 50x + 250, where x is the
expression 8x + 24. 8(x + 3) number of hours it is rented. Factor
the expression 50x + 250.
50(x + 5)

3. GEOMETRY The rectangle shown 4. CONCERT Four friends went to a

below has an area of (28x + 49) concert and paid $12 total for parking
inches. Factor the expression and $x per ticket. The expression
28x + 49. 7(4x + 7) $4x + $12 represents the total cost
paid of all four friends. Factor 4x + 12.
4(x + 3)

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. FINANCIAL LITERACY Marisa has 6. FRAMING A square picture frame has
$40 in her savings account and plans a perimeter of (20x + 32) inches.
to save $x each month for 5 months. What is the length of one side of the
The expression $5x + $40 represents picture frame? (5x + 8) inches
the total amount in the account after
5 months. Factor the expression
5x + 40. 5(x + 8)

86 Course 2 • Chapter 5 Expressions

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Solve One-Step Addition and Subtraction Equations
Solve each equation. Check your solution.
1. a + 4 = 11 a = 7 2. 6 = g + 8 g = -2 3. x - 3 = -2 x=1

4. k + 8 = 3 k = -5 5. j + 0 = 9 j = 9 6. 12 + y = 15 y = 3

7. h - 4 = 0 h = 4 8. m - 7 = 1 m = 8 9. w + 5 = 4 w = -1

10. b - 28 = 33 b = 61 11. 45 + f = 48 f = 3 12. n + 7.1 = 8.6 n = 1.5

13. -14 + t = 26 t = 40 14. d - 3.03 = 2 d = 5.03 15. 10 = z + 15 z = -5

5 7 1 5
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

16. c - 5.3 = -6.4 17. −− + p = −− 18. - − = -− +u

12 12 3 6
c = -1.1 1 1
p=− u=−
6 2

For Exercises 19 and 20, write an equation. Use a bar diagram if

needed. Then solve the equation.
19. CAFFEINE A cup of brewed tea has 54 milligrams less caffeine than a cup
of brewed coffee. If a cup of tea has 66 milligrams of caffeine, how much
caffeine is in a cup of coffee? c - 54 = 66; c = 120; A cup of coffee
has 120 milligrams of caffeine.

20. GEOMETRY The sum of the measures of the angles of a 100° 110°
trapezoid is 360°. Find the missing measure.
d° + 100° + 110° + 80° = 360°; d = 70
80° d°

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 87

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Solve One-Step Addition and Subtraction Equations
ANIMALS For Exercises 1–4, use the table.
The average lifespans of several different types of animals are shown in the table.

Average Lifespans of Animals

Animal Lifespan (yr) Animal Lifespan (yr)

Black bear 18 Guinea pig 4
Dog 12 Puma ?
Giraffe 10 Tiger 16
Gray squirrel 10 Zebra ?

1. The lifespan of a black bear is 3 years 2. Solve the equation you wrote in
longer than the lifespan of a zebra. Exercise 1. What is the lifespan of
Write an addition equation that you a zebra? 15 yr
could use to find the lifespan of a zebra.
z + 3 = 18

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. The lifespan of a guinea pig is 8 years 4. Solve the equation you wrote in
shorter than the lifespan of a puma. Exercise 3. What is the lifespan of
Write a subtraction equation that you a puma? 12 yr
could use to find the lifespan of a puma.
p-8=4

5. TECHNOLOGY A survey of teens showed 6. SPORTS Annika Sorenstam won the

that teens in Pittsburgh aged 12–17 2006 MasterCard Classic with a
spend 15.8 hours per week online. final score of 8 under par, or -8. Her
Teens in Miami/Ft. Lauderdale spend scores for the first two of the three
14.2 hours per week online. Write and rounds were -5 and -1. What was
solve an addition equation to find the Ms. Sorenstam’s score for the third
difference in time spent online by teens round? -2
in these cities. 14.2 + d = 15.8;
1.6 hours per week

88 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Multiplication and Division Equations
Solve each equation. Check your solution.
k
1. −−−
-11
= -3 33 2. 16b = 32 2

3. 72 = 12x 6 4. 42 = 14y 3

x
5. −−− = 1 -16 6. -12k = -60 5
-16

a
7. −− =0 0 8. -99 = 99y -1
13

h y
9. −− = 2 16 10. 15 = − 75
8 5
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

h x
11. −− = -7 -21 12. -1 = −− 6
3 -6

m 18
13. 9 = −− 14. 5b = -55 -11
2

15. 2z = 14 7 16. -3n = -45 15

17. RAFFLE TICKETS Lavonne sold 4 times as many raffle tickets as Kenneth.
Lavonne sold 56 raffle tickets. Write and solve an equation to find how
many tickets Kenneth sold. 4k = 56; 14 tickets

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 89

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Multiplication and Division Equations
For Exercises 1–8, write an equation. Then solve the equation.

1. EARNINGS Monica earned twice as 2. CHOIR The number of eighth graders

much as Samuel mowing lawns. If in choir is three times the number of
Monica earned $48, how much did seventh graders. If there are 48 eight
Samuel earn? 2s = 48; $24 graders in choir, how many seventh
graders are in choir? 3s = 48; 16
seventh graders

3. CARS The cost of 6 motorcycles is 4. JUMP ROPES Carmen has a rope 54 feet
equal to the cost of one SUV. If the long. She wants to cut it into 6-foot
SUV costs $30,000, find the cost of one lengths to make jump ropes for the
motorcycle. 6m = 30,000; $5,000 members of the jump roping team.
How many jump ropes can Carmen
make? 6r = 54; 9 jump ropes

5. TAE KWON DO There are 8 competitors 6. RAINFALL The amount of rainfall on

in each ring for a tae kwon do Monday and Thursday is shown in the
tournament. If there are 96 competitors table. If the same amount of rain that

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
in the tournament, how many rings do fell on Monday fell for 3 days and the
they need? 8r = 96; 12 rings same amount that fell on Thursday fell
for 2 days, how much rain would fall
over those 5 days?

Day Monday Thursday

Rain (in.) 0.50 0.25

3(0.50) + 2(0.25) = r; 2 inches

7. GERANIUMS Mary wants to put 8. HOMES The McClarens sold their

4 geraniums in each pot. If she has house in Orlando, Florida, for
8 pots, how many geraniums should $300,000. They split the income evenly
she buy? 4(8) = g; 32 geraniums among their four children. How much
did each child get?
4c = 300,000; $75,000

90 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Solve Equations with Rational Coefficients
Solve each equation. Check your solution.
1. -16 = 0.2b 2. 12.3 = 0.41x 3. 0.6h = 13.02

-80 30 21.7

x 2
4. 1 = −− 5. 0.9 = 0.4m 6. − t=9
25 3
1
25 2.25 13 −
2

3 4 3 1
7. − g=9 8. -28 = − d 9. − n =- −
7 5 8 4
2
21 -35 -−
3

2 4 2 1 5 7
10. − =− c 11. − z = 4− 12. − b = 1−
5 5 3 4 6 8
1 3 1
− 6− 2−
2 8 4
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3
13. 11.3y = 4.52 14. 0.5y = 19.5 15. 27.3 = − y
4
0.4 39 36.4

16. DRAWING An architect needs to make a scale drawing of a home. The width w of the
7
home in the drawing, in inches, is given by the equation − w = 6. What is the width of
8
the home in the scale drawing?
1
5− in.
4

17. VOLUNTEERS At a local shelter, 36 people volunteered to help prepare meals for disaster
9
victims. If this represented −− of the volunteers at the shelter, write and solve an
16
equation to determine how many volunteers helped at the local shelter.
9
−− v = 36; v = 64; 64 volunteers
16

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 91

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Solve Equations with Rational Coefficients

1. BIKING The speed s that Brent can ride 2. BAND The woodwind section of the
3 1
his bike if he rides − of an hour and middle school band makes up − of the
5 4
travels 4 miles is given by the equation band. There are 9 members in the
3 woodwind section. Use the equation
4=− s. What is Brent’s speed?
5 1
2 − m = 9 to find the number of members
6− mph 4
3 m in the band. 36 members

3 2
3. SALE A coat is selling for − of the 4. SALARIES Aaron’s annual salary is − as
4 3
original price. The sale price is $180. much as Dorie’s salary. Aaron makes
The original price p can be found using $46,000. Find Dorie’s salary x using the
3 2
the equation − p = 180. Find the equation 46,000 = − x. $69,000
4 3
original price. $240

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
1
5. ANIMALS At a wildlife preserve, − of the 6. SALES TAX The sticker price p of a
3
total number of reptiles and birds are 1
purchase with −− sales tax and a total
10
reptiles. There are 14 reptiles. Use the price (including tax) of $5.28 can be
1
equation − a = 14 to find the total 11
found using the equation −− p = 5.28.
3 10
number of reptiles and birds. 42 What is the sticker price? $4.80

3
7. SEWING Each costume uses − yard of 8. SAVINGS Jasmine saves $46 each month
4
2
fabric. The number of costumes c that from her part-time job. She saves − of
5
1
can be made using 11− yards of fabric her earnings. Her earnings a can be
4
2
can be found using the equation found by using the equation − a = 46.
5
3 1
− c = 11− . Find the number of costumes Find her earnings. $115
4 4
that can be made. 15 costumes

92 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Solve Two-Step Equations
Solve each equation. Check your solution.
2
1. 4h + 6 = 30 2. − y + 5 = -9 3. -3t + 6 = 0
7

6 -49 2

4. -8 + 8g = 56 5. 5k - 7 = -7 6. 19 + 13x = 32

8 0 1

1 2 3
7. - − b-− = -2 8. -1n + 1 = 11 9. − f + 5 = -5
5 5 4
1
8 -10 -13 −−
3

10. 5d - 3.3 = 7.2 11. 3 = 0.2m - 7 12. 1.3z + 1.5 = 5.4

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

2.1 50 3

13. KITTENS Kittens weigh about 100 grams when born and gain 7 to 15 grams per day. If a
kitten weighed 100 grams at birth and gained 8 grams per day, in how many days will
the kitten triple its weight?
100 + 8d = 300; d = 25; The kitten will triple its weight in 25 days.

14. TEMPERATURE Room temperature ranges from 20°C to 25°C. Find the range of room
temperature in °F. Use the formula F - 32 = 1.8C to convert from the Celsius scale to
the Fahrenheit scale.
F - 32 = 1.8(20); °F = 68;
F - 32 = 1.8(25); °F = 77;
Room temperature ranges from 68°F to 77°F.

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 93

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Solve Two-Step Equations
1. GOLF It costs $12 to attend a golf clinic 2. MONEY Paulo has $145 in his savings
with a local pro. Buckets of balls for account. He earns $36 a week mowing
practice during the clinic cost $3 each. lawns. If Paulo saves all of his earnings,
How many buckets can you buy at the after how many weeks will he have
clinic if you have $30 to spend? $433 saved? 8 weeks
6 buckets

3. RETAIL An online retailer charges $6.99 4. MONEY Caitlin has a $10 gift certificate
plus $0.55 per pound to ship electronics to the music store. She has chosen a
purchases. How many pounds is a DVD number of CDs from the $7 bargain bin.
player for which the shipping charge is If the cost of the CDs is $32 after the
$11.94? 9 lb gift certificate is credited, how many
CDs did Caitlin buy? 6 CDs

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. EMPLOYMENT Mrs. Jackson earned a 6. PHOTOGRAPHY Alma subscribes to
$500 bonus for signing a one-year a website for processing her digital
contract to work as a nurse. Her salary pictures. The subscription is $5.95
is $22 per hour. If her first week’s check per month and 4-by-6-inch prints are
including the bonus is $1,204, how $0.19 each. How many prints does
many hours did Mrs. Jackson work? Alma purchase if the charge for
32 h January is $15.83? 52 prints

94 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

More Two-Step Equations
Solve each equation. Check your solution.
1. 3(x + 5) = 18 1 2. 4(x + 8) = 44 3 3. -5(x - 10) = -35 17

4. -9(x - 4) = 81 -5 5. 7(x + 4.9) = 56 3.1 6. -12(x + 6.2) = 60 -11.2

1
2
7. −
3
(x + 13) = 22 20 7
8. - −
9
(x + 3) = 14 -21 4
9. - −
7 (1
x-− 3
=−
4 )
- −− 7 2

5
10. −
8
1
x-− ( 5
= −−
3 ) 12
1 11. 8.3(x + 3.1) = 83 6.9 12. -7.2(x - 15.6) = -9
16.85
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Write an equation to represent each situation. Then solve

the equation.
13. SCHOOL Half of the students in Max’s class volunteer at the local
community center. Fifteen students do not volunteer. If there are
12 boys in Max’s class, how many girls are in his class?
1
− (x + 12) = 15; 18
2

14. GEOMETRY The perimeter of the square shown is 4(x + 3.3) meters.
What is the value of x if the perimeter is 28 meters?
4(x + 3.3) = 28; 3.7

(x + 3.3) m

15. SUPPLIES Tony spent $60.54 and bought 3 packs of notebooks and a
calculator. How much does a pack of notebooks cost if a calculator
costs $45.87? 3x + 45.87 = 60.54; $4.89

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 95

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

More Two-Step Equations
1. The length of each side of a square is 2. Madison and her sister received the
increased by 6 inches, so the perimeter same amount of money to go out to eat.
is now 36 inches. Write and solve an Each girl spent $13. After lunch, the
equation to find the original length of girls had a total of $4. Write and solve
each side of the square. an equation to find the amount of
4(x + 6) = 36; 3 inches money each girl received.
2(x - 13) = 4; $15

3. Mrs. Palmer bought one pair of goggles, 4. William gave 4 football cards to each
one bathing suit, and one beach towel of his 6 friends. Suppose he had
for each of her three daughters. 54 cards left. Write and solve an
equation to find how many cards each
Item Price ($) friend initially had.
Goggles 6 6(x + 4) = 54; 5 cards
Bathing suit 25
Beach towel 13

Suppose she had $18 left after buying

the swimming items. Write an equation
to find the amount Mrs. Palmer

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
originally had to spend on each
daughter.
3(x - 44) = 18; $50

5. For each month of a year, Selena saved 6. Mr. Kelly bought the ingredients to
an extra $100 from her paycheck. By make trail mix. He bought 1.5 pounds
the end of the year, she has saved of peanuts and spent $22.50 on peanuts
$1,800. Write and solve an equation to and chocolates.
determine how much she typically
saved from each paycheck. Ingredient Price per Pound ($)

12(x + 100) = 1,800; $50 Peanuts 4.50

Raisins 2.00
Chocolates 4.50

Write and solve an equation to

determine the number of pounds of
chocolates Mr. Kelly bought.
4.50(x + 1.5) = 22.50; 3.5 pounds

96 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Work Backward
Mixed Problem Solving
Use the work backward strategy to solve
Exercises 1 and 2.
1. NUMBER THEORY A number is divided by 4. AGES Mr. Gilliam is 3 years younger
5. Then 3 is added to the quotient. After than his wife. The sum of their ages
subtracting 10, the result is 30. What is is 95. How old is Mr. Gilliam?
the number?
Mr. Gilliam is 46 years old.
The number is 185.

2. COUPONS Kendra used 35 cents more 5. GRAND CANYON The elevation of the
in coupons at the store than Leanne. North Rim of the Grand Canyon is 2,438
Leanne used 75 cents less than Becca, meters above sea level. The South Rim
who used 50 cents more than Jaclyn. averages 304 meters lower than the
Jaclyn used 40 cents in coupons. What North Rim. What is the average
was the value of the coupons Kendra elevation of the South Rim?
used? The South Rim averages 2,134
Kendra used 50 cents in meters above sea level.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

coupons.

Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3–6. 6. WATER BILL The water company charges
a residential customer $41 for the first
3. PATTERNS What are the next three
3,000 gallons of water used and $1 for
numbers in the following pattern?
every 200 gallons used over 3,000
2, 3, 5, 9, 17, 33, . . . gallons. If the water bill was $58, how
65, 129, and 257 many gallons of water were used?
6,400 gallons

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 97

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Work Backward
For Exercises 1–3, use the information For Exercises 4–6, refer to the
below. table below.
WEATHER The temperature in Columbus, MONEY Shelly
Green pepper $1.79
Ohio, on Monday is 35 degrees warmer than needs to go to
it was on Sunday. Saturday’s temperature the grocery store Flank steak $8.54
was 7 degrees cooler than Sunday’s. At to get some items Wild rice $3.29
45 degrees, Friday’s temperature was for a dinner party Romaine lettuce $3.79
22 degrees warmer than Saturday’s. she is hosting with
Cucumber $0.99
her brother
Preston.

1. What was the temperature on Monday? 2. Estimate the average temperature for
65 degrees the time period from Saturday to
Monday. The average
temperature from Saturday to
Monday is about 39 degrees.

3. How many degrees cooler was the 4. How much money should she take to
temperature on Friday than Monday? purchase the items contained in the

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
20 degrees table? $18.40

5. If Shelly has $24.00 in her purse before 6. If Preston pays Shelly for half the cost
she goes to the store, how much will she of the groceries, how much does he pay?
have left after she shops? $5.60 $9.20

7. NUMBER THEORY How many different 8. PATTERNS The following numbers follow
two-digit numbers can you make using a pattern: 2, 8, 32, 128. What would the
the numbers 3, 7, 9, and 2 if no digit is fifth number in the pattern be? 512
repeated within a number? 12

98 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Solve Inequalities by Addition or Subtraction
Solve each inequality.
1. p + 9 < 7 p < -2 2. t + 6 > -4 t > -10

3. -12 ≥ 7 + b b ≤ -19 4. 16 > -15 + k k < 31

5. 25 < n - 11 n > 36 6. -8 > h - 4 h < -4

3 1
1 b < 1−
7. b - − <− 8. f - 5.2 ≥ 1.6 f ≥ 6.8
4 2 4
Solve each inequality. Graph the solution on a number line.
9. n + 5 < 7 n < 2; 10. t + 2 > 10 t > 8;

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

11. p - 5 > -4 p > 1; 1 2

12. 3 ≤ −
3
+n n ≥ 2− ;
3
2
23
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5

-1 0 1 2 3 4

3
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3 s ≤ 4−
13. 4 ≥ s - − ; 14. 6.9 < w - 2.3 w > 9.2;
4 4
3 9.2
44

5 6 7 8 9 10
0 1 2 3 4 5

Write an inequality and solve each problem.

15. Four more than a number is no more than thirteen. 4 + n ≤ 13; n ≤ 9

16. The difference of a number and -6 is less than 9. n - (-6) < 9; n < 3

17. Eleven less than a number is more than seventeen. n - 11 > 17; n > 28

18. The sum of -8 and a number is at least 9. -8 + n ≥ 9; n ≥ 17

19. ENVELOPES Sani has at least 68 envelopes to address. He has addressed 17 of them.
Write and solve an inequality that describes how many more envelopes, at most, Sani
has left to address. n + 17 ≥ 68; n ≥ 51

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 99

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Solve Inequalities by Addition or Subtraction
1. DRIVING Louella is driving from 2. MONEY Aimee and Desmond are going
Melbourne to Pensacola, a distance of to a play this evening. Desmond wants
more than 500 miles. After driving to have at least $50 in his wallet. He
240 miles, Louella stops for lunch. currently has $5. Write and solve an
Write and solve an inequality to find inequality to find how much more cash
how much farther Louella has to drive Desmond should put in his wallet.
to reach Pensacola. 5 + x ≥ 50; x ≥ 45
n + 240 > 500; n > 260

3. FIELD TRIP There is space for 120 4. MUSIC Rogan is burning a music CD.
students to go on a field trip. Currently, The CD holds at most 70 minutes of
74 students have signed up. Write and music. Rogan has already selected 45
solve an inequality to find how many minutes of music. Write and solve an
more students can sign up for the inequality to find how many more
field trip. 74 + x ≤ 120; x ≤ 46 minutes of music Rogan can select.
45 + x ≤ 70; x ≤ 25

5. HOMEWORK Petra must write a report 6. HEIGHT Leslie hopes to be at least

with more than 1,000 words for her 72 inches tall. Right now he is 56 inches

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
history class. So far, she has written 684 tall. Write an solve an inequality to find
words. Write and solve an inequality to how much more Leslie would like to grow.
find how many more words Petra needs 56 + x ≥ 72; x ≥ 16
to write for her report.
684 + x > 1,000; x > 316

7. INTERNET Julius is allowed to surf the 8. GROCERIES The table shows how much
Internet for only 3 hours a week. He Colleen has spent at the grocery store
2 this week. To stay within her budget,
has already been online for 1 − hours
3 she can spend only $90 per week on
this week. Write and solve an
groceries. Write and solve an inequality
inequality to find how much more time
to find how much more Colleen can
Julius can spend online this week.
spend at the grocery store this week.
2 1
x + 1− ≤ 3; x ≤ 1 −
3 3 Day Amount Spent ($)
Monday 28
Wednesday 39
67 + x ≤ 90; x ≤ 23

100 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Homework Practice

Solve Inequalities by Multiplication or Division
Solve each inequality. Graph the solution set on a number line.
1. -8 ≤ 8w w ≥ -1; 2. -6a > 66 a < -11;

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7

3. -25t ≤ -500 t ≥ 20; 4. 18 > -3g g > -6;

-10 0 10 20 30
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1

y r
5. − ≤ 1.6 y ≤ 6.4; 6. −− < -6 r > 12;
4 -2
6.4
9 10 11 12 13
3 4 5 6 7

k m
7. -8 > −−− k > 1.6;
-0.2
8. −−
-8
≤ -2.4 m ≥ 19.2;
1.6 19.2

-2 -1 0 1 2 14 16 18 20 22
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Solve each inequality. Check your solution.

9. 13a + 26 ≥ -13 a ≥ -3 10. -24 ≤ 3b - 9 b ≥ -5

c
11. -3m - 6 ≥ -27 m ≤ 7 12. -11 ≥ − - 3 c ≤ -16
2

y -1
13. 1 > −− + 20 y < -3.8 14. −− x + 3 > -1 x < 12
0.2 3

15. TEXT MESSAGES Nadine can send or receive a text message for $0.15 or
get an unlimited number for $5.00. Write and solve an inequality to find
how many messages she can send and receive so the unlimited plan is
cheaper than paying for each message.
1
0.15x ≥ 5; x ≥ 33 − ; 34 messages
3

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 101

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Problem-Solving Practice

Solve Inequalities by Multiplication or Division
1. PLANTS Trini needs more than 51 cubic 2. PETS Becky wants to buy some fish for
feet of soil to top up his raised garden. her aquarium. She has $20 to spend
Each bag of soil contains 1.5 cubic feet. and the fish cost $2.50 each. Write and
Write and solve an inequality to find solve an inequality to find how many
how many bags of soil Trini needs. fish Becky can afford.
1.5x > 51; x > 34; more than 2.50x ≤ 20; x ≤ 8; at most 8 fish
34 bags

3. PIZZA Vikram and four of his friends are 4. ROLLS Sadie wants to make several
planning to split a pizza. They want to batches of rolls. She has 13 tablespoons
spend at most $4 per person. Write and of yeast left in the jar and each batch of
solve an inequality to find the maximum 1
rolls takes 3 − tablespoons. Write and
cost of the pizza they can order. 4
solve an inequality to find the number
5(4) ≥ c; c ≤ 20; at most $20 of batches of rolls Sadie can make.
1
3− x ≤ 13; x ≤ 4; at most 4
4
batches
5. CONSTRUCTION Vance wants to have 6. RECTANGLE You are asked to draw a
pictures framed. Each frame and mat rectangle with a width of 5 inches and

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
costs $32 and he has at most $150 to an area less than 55 square inches.
spend. Write and solve an inequality to Write and solve an inequality to find
find the number of pictures he can have the length of the rectangle.
framed. 5l < 55; l < 11; less than 11 in.
32x ≤ 150; x ≤ 4.7; at most
4 pictures

7. BABYSITTING Hermes gets $4 an hour 8. TIME The table shows how many
for babysitting. He needs to earn at minutes per day Terri spends on the
least $100 for a stereo. Write and solve phone and watching television. If she
an inequality to find the number of has 180 minutes in the day for leisure
hours he must babysit to earn enough activities, write and solve an inequality
for the stereo. to find the number of minutes she can
4x ≥ 100; x ≥ 25; at least 25 h spend listening to music.
x + 145 ≤ 180; x ≤ 35; at most
35 min
Number of
Activity
Minutes
Talking on phone 25
Watching television 120

102 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Homework Practice

Solve Two-Step Inequalities
Solve each inequality. Graph the solution set on a number line.
1. 4x - 3 < 9 x < 3 2. -11 ≥ -1 - 2x x ≥ 5

-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

3. -2 + 2x > -16 x > -7 4. -3x + 2 ≤ 17 x ≥ -5

-11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

x x
5. 7 < − +4 x>6 6. − -1≥-2 x ≥ -5
2 5

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

7. -4 ≤ 4x + 8 x ≥ -3 8. -3x - 3 > 12 x < -5

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

9. RENTAL BICYCLES A rental company charges $15 plus $4 per hour to rent
a bicycle. If Margie does not want to spend more than $27 for her rental,
write and solve an inequality to find how many hours she can rent the
bicycle and not spend more than $27. Interpret the solution.
4h + 15 ≤ 27, h ≤ 3; Margie can rent the bicycle for
up to 3 hours.

10. MOWING GRASS Rupesh is mowing grass to save money for a vacation.
He charges $12 per yard. Rupesh already has $40 and wants to have at
least $148 to take with him. Write and solve an inequality to determine
how many yards Rupesh needs to mow to have at least $148. Interpret
the solution. 12m + 40 ≥148, m ≥ 9; Rupesh must mow
at least 9 yards.

Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities 103

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Problem-Solving Practice

Solve Two-Step Inequalities
1. CLOTHING Matilda needs at least $112 to 2. SAVINGS Tameca already has $55
buy a new dress. She has already saved dollars in her savings account. If she
$40. She earns $9 an hour babysitting. puts $5 per week in her account, write
Write and solve an inequality to find and solve an inequality to find out how
how many hours she will need to babysit many weeks she must save to have at
to buy the dress. Interpret the solution. least $100 in her account. Interpret the
9h + 40 ≥ 112, h ≥ 8; Matilda solution. 5w + 55 ≥ 100, w ≥ 9;
must babysit at least 8 hours to Tameca must save for at least
be able to buy the dress. 9 weeks to have at least $100 in
her account.
3. COMMISSION Manuel earns $400 per 4. CARS Remington needs at least $3,000
week plus a 3% commission on to buy a used car. He already has
everything he sells. Write and solve an $1,800. If he saves $50 per week, write
inequality to find out how much he must and solve an inequality to find out how
sell to have a weekly income of at least many weeks he must save to buy the
$700. Interpret the solution. 0.03s + car. Interpret the solution.
400 ≥ 700, s ≥ 10,000; Manuel 50w + 1,800 ≥ 3,000, w ≥ 24;
must sell at least $10,000 worth Remington must save for at
of merchandise to make at least least 24 weeks to be able to buy
$700 per week. a car.
5. POSTCARDS Latrell has $8 to spend on 6. CARRIAGE RIDE You want to spend at
postcards. He wants to buy one large most $12 on a carriage ride. The driver

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
postcard and some small ones. Write and tells you there is an initial charge of $5
solve an inequality to find out how many plus $0.50 per mile. Write and solve an
small postcards Latrell can purchase. inequality to find out how many miles
Interpret the solution. you can ride. Interpret the solution.
Postcards 0.5m + 5 ≤ 12, m ≤ 14; You can
Large $2 ride at most 14 miles.
Medium $1.50
Small $1.25
1.25s + 2 ≤ 8, s ≤ 4.8; Latrell can
buy at most 4 small post cards.
7. BAKING Corey has 16 cups of flour to 8. ENTERTAINMENT Sylvia needs at least
make cookies. One batch of cookies takes $310 for a new audio system. She has
1 already saved $120. She earns $10 per
2− cups of flour. If he must save 6 cups
2 hour at her part-time job. Write and
of flour for other baking, write and solve
solve an inequality to find how many
an inequality to find out how many
hours she will need to work to buy the
batches of cookies he can make.
system. Interpret the solution. 10h +
Interpret the solution. 2.5b + 6 ≤ 16,
b ≤ 4; Corey can make up to 4 120 ≥ 310, h ≥ 19; Sylvia needs
batches of cookies. to work at least 19 hours to be
able to buy the audio system.
104 Course 2 • Chapter 6 Equations and Inequalities
 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Classify Angles
Use the figure at the right to answer Exercises 1–4.
1. Name two angles that are vertical.
∠MPL, ∠NPO or ∠MPN, ∠LPO M N
5y°
2. Name two angles that are adjacent. 5x° 85°
P
∠LPM, ∠MPN or ∠MPN, ∠NPO 95°
L O
∠NPO, ∠OPL or ∠OPL, ∠LPM
3. Find the value of x. 17
4. Find the value of y. 19

Name each angle in four ways. Then classify the angle as acute,
right, obtuse, or straight.
5. 6. 7. 1
5 ; $
#
"
3 4 2
9
4 :

∠4, ∠S, ∠RST, ∠2, ∠Y,∠XYZ, ∠1,∠B, ∠CBA,

∠TSR; obtuse ∠ZYX; right ∠ABC; straight

8. ) 9. 10. %
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

. &
6
3
' + 7
( '
1

∠3, ∠F, ∠HFG, ∠7, ∠P, ∠JPM, ∠6, ∠D, ∠EDF,

∠GFH; acute ∠MPJ; acute ∠FDE; right

Use the figure at the right to name the following.

11–14 Sample answers are given. ' (
+
11. two acute angles
∠DCH, ∠JBD
" # $ %
12. two straight angles
∠ABD, ∠EBG & )

13. two right angles

∠ABE, ∠GBC
14. two obtuse angles
∠FGE, ∠ACH

Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures 105

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Classify Angles
1. CLOCKS The time shown on the clock 2. AIRPORT The runways at a local airport
is 11:05. Starting at this time, are sketched in the figure. Classify ∠1
approximately what time will it be and ∠2 as acute, obtuse, right, or
when the hands form an obtuse angle? straight. ∠1 is obtuse; ∠2 is acute.
Sample answer: about 11:12
1
2

3. ALPHABET Which of the following letters 4. CLOCKS The time shown on the clock is
contain at least one acute angle? Which 12:07. After 20 minutes have passed,
contain vertical angles? Which contain will the angle formed by the hour and
adjacent angles? minute hands be acute, obtuse, right, or
A, X; X; A, E, X straight? obtuse

A E L X

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. BALLET When a ballet dancer’s feet are 6. ARCHITECTURE The plans for a new
in first position, the heels are touching, aquarium call for 2 hallways of exhibits
and the feet are turned out. A dancer leading out of a circular main room as
with excellent technique can position shown. What is the value of x? 23
his or her feet so that they are nearly
in a straight line. Isabella is practicing Hallway
her technique. Classify the angle her
feet form as acute, obtuse, or right.
obtuse 5x ° 65°
Main
Room Hallway

106 Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Complementary and Supplementary Angles
Classify each pair of angles as complementary, supplementary, or neither.
1. 2. 3.
1
2 1
2 2
1

complementary neither supplementary

ALGEBRA Find the value of x in each figure.

4. 5. 6.
(x - 7)°
22°
43 °
65°
4x ° (x + 2)°

17 23 54

7. 8. 9.
(x - 5)° 110°
7x° 72° (x + 4)°
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

29 °

156 10 104

10. 11. 12.

x° (x - 50)°
19°

49°
92° 78°
(x + 3)°

38 10 211

13. ALGEBRA If ∠C and ∠D are supplementary, and the measure of ∠D is 45°,

what is the measure of ∠C? 135°

Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures 107

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Complementary and Supplementary Angles
1. PYRAMIDS A side view of the Great 2. RAILROAD A map shows a railroad
Pyramid at Giza is shown below. The crossing a highway, as shown below.
sides of the pyramid make an angle of Which of the numbered angles are
52˚ with respect to the ground. What is supplementary angles?
the value of x? 64 ∠1 and ∠2; ∠2 and ∠3

Railroad

2x° 52° 2 3
Highway
1

3. RAILROAD Refer to the map shown in 4. SKIING A ski jump makes an angle of
Exercise 2. If m∠1 is 64˚, what is the 27˚ with respect to the water as shown
measure of ∠2? 116 below. How are the 27˚ angle and the
unknown angle related? What is the
value of x? supplementary
angles; 150

(x + 3)° 27°

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. KITES A kite string makes an angle of 6. GAMES In a game of pick-up-sticks,
48˚ with respect to the ground as shown the last 4 sticks are shown below.
below. The dashed line is vertical and Which of the numbered angles are
the ground is horizontal. How are the supplementary angles? ∠1 and ∠2,
48˚ angle and the unknown angle ∠3 and ∠4, ∠5 and ∠6
related? What is the value of x?
complementary angles; 7

3
4
1 2 5
6x° 6
8 7

48°

108 Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Triangles
Find the value of x.
1. 2. 3.
140ž xž xž
22ž 17ž
42ž xž

48 18 73

Find the missing measure in each triangle with the given angle measures.
4. 45°, 35.8°, x° 99.2 5. 100°, x°, 40.7° 39.3 6. x°, 90°, 16.5° 73.5

7. Find the third angle of a right triangle if one of the angles measures 24°. 66°

8. What is the third angle of a right triangle if one of the angles measures 51.1°? 38.9°

9. ALGEBRA Find m∠A in ABC if m∠B = 38° and m∠C = 38°. 104°

10. ALGEBRA In XYZ, m∠Z = 113° and m∠X = 28°. What is m∠Y? 39°

Classify the marked triangle in each object by its angles and by its sides.
11. 12. 13.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

40ž 30ž 30ž

25ž
50ž

acute; isosceles right; scalene obtuse; isosceles

ALGEBRA Find the value of x in each triangle.

14. 2x ž 2x ž 15. 16.

7x ž xž

3x ž
xž
2x ž xž

36 9 45

Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures 109

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Triangles
1. TAILORING Each lapel on a suit jacket is 2. FLAGS A naval distress signal flag is in
in the shape of a triangle. The three the shape of a triangle. The three sides
angles of each triangle measure 47°, of the triangle measure 5 feet, 9 feet,
68°, and 65°. Classify the triangle by its and 9 feet. Classify the triangle by its
angles. acute sides. isosceles

3. CARPENTRY The supports of a wood 4. MAPS The three towns of Ripon, Sparta,
table are in the shape of a right and Walker form a triangle as shown
triangle. Find the third angle of the below. Classify the triangle by its angles
triangle if the measure of one of the and by its sides. What is the value of x
angles is 23°. 67° in the triangle?

Ripon

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
38ž
30 mi 47 mi

104ž xž
Sparta Walker
30 mi
obtuse, isosceles; 38

5. HIKING The figure shows the Oak Creek 6. LADDER The figure shows a ladder
trail, which is shaped like a triangle. leaning against a wall, forming a
Classify the triangle by its angles and triangle. Classify the triangle by its
by its sides. What is the value of x in angles and by its sides. What is the
the figure? value of x in the figure?

Rocky Peak

0.8 mi 61ž 1.2 mi

Oak Creek xž
9 ft
78ž xž
Meadow 1.1 mi Trail Head
66ž
4 ft
acute, scalene; 41 right, scalene; 24

110 Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Make a Model
Mixed Problem Solving 4. GAMES Jonas has a deck of 40 cards.
After giving each player in the game an
For Exercises 1 and 2, solve using the
equal number of cards, he has four cards
make a model strategy.
left over, which is not enough to give
1. QUILTS Mrs. Renoir has completed the each player another card. How many
interior portion of a quilt top measuring players could be in the game? 6, 9, 12,
4 feet by 6 feet. She is outlining this 18, or 36 players
with squares measuring 4 inches on
each side. How many such squares will
she need? 64

5. CLOTHING Salome has 5 T-shirts, 3 pairs

2. GEOMETRY Sunhee has four plastic
of jeans, and 2 pairs of sneakers. In how
shapes: a circle, a square, a triangle, and
many ways can she choose one T-shirt,
a pentagon. In how many ways can she
one pair of jeans, and one pair
line up the four shapes if the circle
of sneakers to wear today? 30 ways
cannot be next to the square?
12

Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3–7.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3. FOOTBALL The attendance at the first 6. NUMBER THEORY After adding 8 to a

two football games of the season are number and then dividing by 3, the
shown in the table. Did the attendance result is 19. What is the number? 49
increase by about 1% or about 10%?

Football Attendance
Game 1 5,049
Game 2 5,582

about 10% 7. TRAVEL Celia begins saving $28 each

week from her paycheck to put toward a
trip to Sicily. Airfare will be $942
including taxes and fees. How many
weeks will it take Celia to save for the
airfare?
34 weeks

Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures 111

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Make a Model
Make a model to solve each problem. Sure-Safe Cocoa Tins
SHIPPING COCOA For Exercises 1 and 2, dimensions diameter: 4 in.
use the information at the right. This height: 8 in.
table gives information about cocoa tins quantity to be
that a distributor needs to box up and 153 tins
shipped
ship to various stores around the country.
dimensions of large 18 in. × 18 in. × 24 in.
shipping boxes high

1. How many large shipping boxes can be 2. What are the dimensions of the
filled with cocoa tins? How many cocoa smallest box that could be used to ship
tins will be left over? 3 boxes; 9 the remaining cocoa tins? 12 in.
tins leftover wide, 12 in. long, 8 in. high

3. GAMES A hollow tower is built of 1-inch 4. STAMPS Dina wants to display her
cubes with dimensions of 4 inches wide stamp collection on a poster. Each
by 4 inches long by 15 inches high. How stamp is a 1-inch square. She wants to
many 1-inch cubes would it take to fill arrange the stamps in a 24-by-48 array
the tower? 60 cubes with one-half inch between each stamp

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
and leave a 2-inch border around the
outer edges of the array. What should
the length and width of the poster
board be?
1 1
39 − inches by 75 − inches
2 2

5. TILING A wooden box is to be covered 6. PICTURE DISPLAY Julia is arranging

with 1-inch square tiles. The pictures of her mother, her father, her
dimensions of the box are 10 inches by brother, and herself on a shelf. If she
6 inches by 4 inches. There is an wants to keep the pictures of her
opening in the top of the box that parents next to each other, how many
measures 8 inches by 4 inches. How different ways can she arrange the four
many 1-inch tiles are needed to cover pictures? 12
the sides and the top of the box?
156 tiles

112 Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Scale Drawings
Use the diagram of a section of
the art museum shown. Use a
ruler to measure.
Mannerism Impressionism
1. What is the actual length of the Art Art
Impressionism Art room? 35 ft

2. Find the actual dimensions of the Baroque

Art room.
1 Baroque Art
41− ft by 25 ft Lobby
4

3. Find the scale factor for this blueprint.

1 Key
−−−
240 1 in. = 20 ft

Find the length of each model. Then find the scale factor.
4. 5. 6.
60 ft
13.5 ft

192 m
1 in. = 8 ft
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

2 in. = 1.5 ft

1 cm = 4 meters
1 1 1
7.5 in.; −− 48 cm; −−− 18 in.; −
96 400 9
7. SKYSCRAPER A model of a skyscraper is made using a scale of
1 inch:75 feet. What is the height of the actual building if the
2
height of the model is 19 − inches? 1,455 ft
5

8. GEOGRAPHY Salem and Eugene, Oregon, are 64 miles apart.

1
If the distance on the map is 3 − inches, find the scale of the map.
4
1 in. : 19.7 mi

9. PYRAMIDS The length of a side of the Great Pyramid of Khufu at

Giza, Egypt, is 751 feet. If you were to make a model of the pyramid
to display on your desk, which would be an appropriate scale: 1 in. = 10 ft
or 1 ft = 500 ft? Explain your reasoning. 1 ft = 500 ft; If using the 1 in. = 10 ft
scale, the model would be about 75 inches in length. If using the 1 ft = 500
ft scale, the model would be about 1.5 feet, which would fit on the desk.

Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures 113

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Scale Drawings
1. CARS A scale drawing of an automobile 2. MODELS A model ship is built to a scale
1 of 1 centimeter : 5 meters. The length of
has a scale of 1 inch = − foot. The
2 the model is 30 centimeters. What is
actual width of the car is 8 feet. What is
the actual length of the ship?
the width on the scale drawing?
150 m
16 in.

3. BUILDING Curtis wants to build a model 4. TRAVEL Merritt is driving to Mount

of a 180-meter tall building. He will be Shasta. On her map, she is a distance of
using a scale of 1.5 centimeters = 3
7− inches away. The scale of the map
3.5 meters. How tall will the model be? 4
1
Round your answer to the nearest tenth. is − inch = 50 miles. How far must
2
77.1 cm Merritt travel to reach her destination?
775 mi

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. MAPS A map of Levi’s property is being 6. LANDSCAPING A pond is being dug
made with a scale of 2 centimeters: according to plans that have a scale of
3 meters. What is the scale factor? 1 inch = 6.5 feet. The maximum
1
−−− distance across the pond is 9.75 inches
150 on the plans. What will be the actual
maximum distance across the pond?
63.375 ft

114 Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Draw Three-Dimensional Figures
Draw a top, a side, and a front view of each solid.
1. top side front 2. top side front

3. 4.

top side front top side front

Draw a corner view of each three-dimensional figure whose top, side,

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

and front views are shown. Use isometric dot paper.

5. top side front 6. top side front

7. Sketch views of the top, side, and front of the piano shown.

top side front

Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures 115

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Draw Three-Dimensional Figures
1. ARCHITECTURE The 2. MONUMENTS Since its completion in
Transamerica Pyramid, built 1965, Eero Saarinen’s 630-foot Gateway
from 1969 to 1972, towers Arch has stood above St. Louis.
above the San Francisco
skyline.

Draw the top, side, and

front views of the
Transamerica
building.

Draw the top, side, and front

top side front
views of the Gateway Arch.
top side front

3. GRAPHICS Dan is creating a computer- 4. HISTORY The Mausoleum at

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
generated image of a coffee cup. To do Halicarnassus is one of the Seven
this, he needs to enter the top, side, and Wonders of the Ancient World. Draw a
front views of the cup. Draw the views top view, a side view, and a front view
that Dan should enter. of the mausoleum without the chariot
statue at the top.

top side front

top side front

116 Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Cross Sections
Identify each figure. Then name the bases, faces, edges, and vertices.
1. P 2. W Z
D
A
L X
Y
K M
B C
O N

The figure is a pentagonal pyramid. The figure is a rectangular prism.

The base is KLMNO. The base is XYCB.
The faces are KLMNO, PMN, PNO, The faces are XYCB, ZYCD, DCBA,
POK, PKL, and PLM. AWXB, WZYX, and WZDA.
−− −− −− −− −− −− −− −− −− −−
The edges are PL, PM, PN, PO, PK, The edges are WA, WZ, ZD, DA, WX,
−− −− −− −− −− −− −− −− −− −− −− −−
KL, LM, MN, NO, OK. ZY, DC, AB, XY, YC, CB, BX.
The vertices are P, K, L, M, N, and O. The vertices are W, Z, D, A, Y, C, B,
and X.

Describe the shape resulting from each cross section.

5. 6.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

rectangle
trapezoid
7. 8.

rectangle circle

Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures 117

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Cross Sections
1. Describe the shape resulting from the 2. Describe the shape resulting from the
cross section of the cell phone. cross section of Earth.

circle

rectangle

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. Describe the shape resulting from the 4. Describe the shape resulting from the
cross section of a container of popcorn. cross section of the roll of cookie dough.

oval
rectangle

118 Course 2 • Chapter 7 Geometric Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Circumference
Find the radius or diameter of each circle with the given dimensions.
1. d = 18 in. 2. d = 29 m 3. r = 21 ft 4. r = 13 mm
9 in. 14.5 m 42 ft 26 mm
22
Find the circumference of each circle. Use 3.14 or −− for π. Round to
7
the nearest tenth if necessary.
5. 6. 7.

42 m 11 in.
4 yd

22
−− × 42 = 132 m 3.14 × 11 = 34.5 in. 3.14 × 8 = 25.1 yd
7
8. 9. 10.
4.5 mm 31.5 cm
14 ft

22 22
3.14 × 9 = 28.3 mm −− × 14 = 44 ft −− × 63 = 198 cm
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

7 7
11. r = 42 cm 12. r = 15 yd 13. d = 31 m
22
−− × 84 = 264 cm 3.14 × 30 = 94.2 yd 3.14 × 31 = 97.3 m
7
14. a tire with a radius of 22 centimeters 3.14 × 44 = 138.2 cm

15. a helicopter pad with a diameter of 15 yards 3.14 × 15 = 47.1 yd

16. PLANTS The world’s largest flower, the Giant Rafflesia, is 91 centimeters
in diameter. Use a calculator to find the circumference of a Giant
Rafflesia to the nearest tenth. 285.7 cm

17. GEOLOGY Ubehebe Crater in Death Valley has a diameter of a little more
1
than − mile. If Latisha walks around its rim at a rate of 2 miles per hour,
2
about how long will it take her to walk all the way around the crater?
Find your answer to the nearest tenth. Use 3.14 for π. about 0.8 h

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 119

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Circumference
AUDIO MEDIA For Exercises 1–3, use the table that shows the sizes of three main
audio media: vinyl, CD, and mini-disc.

Diameters of Audio Media

Medium Diameter (inches)
Vinyl Disc 12
Compact Disc (CD) 5
Mini Compact Disc (Mini-Disc) 2.5

1. Find the circumference of a CD. Use 2. When a record player needle is placed
3.14 for π. 15.7 in. on the outside edge of a vinyl disc, find
how far the needle travels in one
rotation. Use 3.14 for π. Round to the
nearest tenth. 37.7 in.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3. What is the difference between the 4. CROP CIRCLES On June 8, 1992, a crop
circumference of a vinyl disc and a circle with an 18-meter radius was
mini-disc? Use 3.14 for π. Round to the found in a wheat field near
nearest tenth. 29.8 in. Szekesfehervar, 43 miles southwest of
Budapest. Find its circumference. Use
3.14 for π. 113.04 m

5. SEQUOIAS The largest tree in the world 6. SEQUOIAS The diameter of the sequoia
is the General Sherman sequoia in in Exercise 5, measured 180 feet above
Sequoia National Park, California. It the ground, is 14 feet. Find the
is 275 feet high, has a diameter of circumference of the tree at this height.
36.5 feet, and has an estimated weight 22
Use −− for π.
of 2,150 tons. Find the sequoia’s 7
44 ft
circumference to the nearest tenth of
a foot. Use 3.14 for π. 114.6 ft

120 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Area of Circles
22
Find the area of each circle. Round to the nearest tenth. Use 3.14 or −−
7
for π.
1. 2. 3.

7.1 m 12 ft 13 km

3.14 × 7.1 × 7.1 = 158.3 m2 3.14 × 6 × 6 = 113 ft2 3.14 × 6.5 × 6.5 = 132.7 km2

4. 5. 6.
4 in.
42 yd 5.6 cm

22
3.14 × 4 × 4 = 50.2 in2 −−
7
× 21 × 21 = 1,386 yd2 3.14 × 2.8 × 2.8 = 24.6 cm2

1
7. diameter = 9.4 mm 8. radius = 3− ft 9. radius = 8 in.
2
22 7 7 1 2
3.14 × 4.7 × 4.7 = 69.4 mm2 −−
7
×−
2
×−
2
= 38 −
2
ft 3.14 × 8 × 8 = 201.0 in2
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Find the area of each semicircle. Round to the nearest tenth.

Use 3.14 for π.
10. 11. 12.
6.1 m
14 cm
3.8 yd

≈ 22.7 yd2 ≈ 58.4 m2 ≈ 76.9 cm2

13. SPOTLIGHT A spotlight can be adjusted to effectively light a circular area of up to 6

meters in diameter. To the nearest tenth, what is the maximum area that can be
effectively lit by the spotlight? 28.3 m2

14. ARCHERY The bull’s eye on an archery target

has a radius of 3 inches. The entire target has a
radius of 9 inches. To the nearest tenth, find 3 in.
the area of the target outside of the bull’s eye.
226.1 in2 9 in.

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 121

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Area of Circles
1. POOLS Susan designed a circular pool 2. MONEY Find the area of the coin to the
with a diameter of 25 meters. What is nearest tenth. 283.4 mm2
the area of the bottom of the pool?
Round to the nearest tenth. 490.6 m2
19 mm

3. DRUMS What is the area of the 4. PIZZA Estimate the area of the top of a
drumhead on the drum shown below? round pizza that has a diameter of
Round to the nearest tenth. 153.9 in2 16 inches. Round to the nearest tenth.
14 in.
201.0 in2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. GARDENING Vidur needs to buy mulch 6. UTILITIES What is the area of the top
for the garden with the dimensions surface of a circular manhole cover that
shown in the figure. For how much area has a radius of 30 centimeters? Use
does Vidur need to buy mulch? Round 3.14 for π. 2,826 cm2
to the nearest tenth. ≈ 47.5 yd2

5.5 yd

122 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Area of Composite Figures
Find the area of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.
1. 12 mi 2. 3.
8 mi 4.8 cm 5 ft
18 mi
5 mi 3.6 cm
4 ft

1.1 cm 5.9 cm

135 mi2 27.4 cm2 59.3 ft2

4. 5. 9 yd 6. 12 in.
8m 6m 4 in.
8 yd 7 in.
10 m 6m 9 in.

20 m
2
132 m 122.3 yd2 57 in2

In each diagram, one square unit represents 10 square centimeters.

Find the area of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.
7. 8.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

235 cm2 157.8 cm2 5m

4m
9. GAZEBO The Parks and Recreation department
11 m
is building a gazebo in the local park with the
dimensions shown in the figure. What is the area
of the floor? 64 m2
24 ft
12 ft
10. DECK The Pueyo family wants to paint the deck
around their swimming pool with the dimensions
30 ft
24 ft

shown in the figure. If a gallon covers 200 square feet, 36 ft

how many gallons of paint are needed to apply two 18 ft
coats of paint? 4 gallons

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 123

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Area of Composite Figures
LANDSCAPING For Exercises 1 and 2 use the diagram of a 15 ft
yard and the following information. The figure shows the
20 ft
measurements of Buzz’s yard which he intends to sod.

30 ft

50 ft

1. Find the area of the yard. 1,800 ft2 2. One pallet of sod covers 400 square feet.
How many full pallets of sod will Buzz
need to buy to have enough for his
entire yard? 5 pallets

3. ICE CREAM Leeor was asked to repaint 4. HOME IMPROVEMENT Ward is planning
the sign for his mother’s ice cream shop, to install a new countertop in his
so he needs to figure out how much kitchen, as shown in the figure. Find
paint he will need. Find the area of the the area of the countertop. 26 ft2
ice cream cone on the sign. Round to
6 ft
the nearest tenth. 50.1 in2
2 ft

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
3 ft
6 in. 2 ft 3 ft 3 ft 2 ft
2.5 ft 2.5 ft

12 in.

5. SCHOOL PRIDE Cindy has a jacket with 6. SWIMMING POOLS The Cruz family is
the first letter of her school’s name on buying a custom-made cover for their
it. Find the area of the letter on Cindy’s swimming pool, shown below. The cover
jacket. 44 in2 costs $2.95 per square foot. How much
will the cover cost? Round to the
6 in.
nearest cent. $1,627.56
2 in.
25 ft
6 in.
10 in.
2 in. 15 ft

2 in.

124 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Volume of Prisms
Find the volume of each prism. Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.
1. 2. 3. 4.2 ft
2 ft
12 m
5 in.
7 in.
10 in.
6m 3.5 ft

8m

350 in3 288 m3 14.7 ft3

4. 5. 6.
4.1 m
2.6 mm
4 yd
5.1 m
2.6 m
3 yd 5 yd
1.5 mm
1.1 mm

4.3 mm3 60 yd3 27.2 m3

ESTIMATION Estimate to find the approximate volume of each prism.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

7. 7 8.
6 8 yd
6.1 m
1
4 4 yd

5.9 m
1
3 8 yd 4.8 m

Sample answer: 7 × 4 × 3 or Sample answer: (0.5 × 5 × 6) × 6

84 yd3 or 90 m3

9. MAIL The United States Post Office has two different priority mail flat
rate boxes. Which box has the greater volume? Justify your answer.
1 1 3 7 5
Box 1: 6 − in. × 8 − in. × 11 in. Box 2: 3 − in. × 11 − in. × 13 − in.
2 2 8 8 8
Box 1; 607.8 in3 > 546.1 in3

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 125

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Volume of Prisms
1. PACKAGING A cereal box has a length 2. FOOD STORAGE Nara wants to
3 determine how much ice it will take
of 8 inches, a width of 1 − inches,
4 to fill her cooler that is in the shape
1
and a height of 12 − inches. What is
8 of a rectangular prism. If the cooler
the volume of the cereal box? has a length of 22 inches, a width of
3 3 1
169 − in 12 inches, and a height of 10 − inches,
4 2
how much ice will her cooler hold?
2,772 in3

3. TRANSPORTATION The cargo-carrying 4. PLUMBING Alexia’s bathroom has a

part of Billy’s truck is a rectangular tub in the shape of a rectangular
prism. It has a length of 8.3 meters, a prism with a length of 1.5 meters, a
width of 3 meters, and a height of 4.2 width of 0.5 meter, and a height of
meters. What is the maximum 0.4 meter. How many cubic meters of
volume of sand that Billy’s truck can water can it hold? 0.3 m3
carry? 104.58 m3

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. STICKY NOTES A triangular box of 6. GEOMETRY A pentagonal prism is a
sticky notes is shown. Find the prism that has bases that are
volume of the box. 54.6 in3 pentagons. Use V = Bh where B is
the area of the base, to find the
volume of the pentagonal prism
below. 118.35 cm3

B = 26.3 cm2

6 in.
3.5 in.
4.5 cm

5.2 in.

126 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Solve a Simpler Problem
Mixed Problem Solving 4. AREA Rosie is making a stained glass
window above her front doorway in the
Solve Exercises 1 and 2. Use the solve a
shape as shown in the figure. To the
simpler problem strategy.
nearest tenth, what is the area of the
1. STADIUM The exits in a stadium are shaded portion of the window? 2.7 ft2
designed to allow 1,200 people to leave
the stadium each minute. At this rate,
how long would it take for 10,800 people 1 ft
to leave the stadium? 9 minutes
3 ft

2. PHARMACY A city has three major

pharmacy chains which have a total of 5. QUALITY CONTROL For every
895,000 customers. Approximately how 250 televisions tested, 3 televisions
many customers do business at each are found to be defective. How many
major pharmacy? televisions were tested if 48 televisions
were found defective?
Pharmacy Percent 4,000 televisions
A 54.8
B 32.4
6. APPLIANCE REPAIR An appliance repair
C 12.8 company charged $35 to make a house
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Sample answer: 0.55 × 900,000 call. After arriving, the company

or 495,000 customers use charged $10 for every 15 minutes of
pharmacy A; 0.32 × 900,000 or labor. How much was the repair bill
288,000 customers use if the new parts cost $23 and the
pharmacy B; appliance took 45 minutes to repair?
0.13 × 900,000 or 117,000 $88
customers use pharmacy C
Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3 – 7. 7. FOAM BLOCKS A small chunk of foam
has been removed from the foam cube.
3. CARPENTRY Mr. Fernandez uses 7 boards
What is the volume of the remaining
that are 4 feet long and 6 inches wide to
foam? 123 cm3
make one bookshelf. If he buys lumber
in lengths of 8 feet with a width of
12 inches, how many pieces of lumber
2 cm
does he need to purchase to make 1 cm
5 bookshelves? 9 pieces 5 cm 1 cm
5 cm
5 cm

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 127

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Solve a Simpler Problem
Solve each problem using any strategy you have learned.

1. AREA Find the area of the figure 2. MONEY The table below shows the
below. Round to the nearest tenth. amount of money Shoshi earned for
44.6 in2 working various hours. Write a rule
to represent the amount of pay P
8 in. based on the number of hours
worked h. P = 5.5h
4 in.
Hours 1 2 3
Pay 5.50 11.00 16.50

3. SALES For every nickel increase in 4. SCALE DRAWING Shannon is creating

price, the subscriptions to the a scale drawing of her classroom. If
1
Perrysville Paper decreases by she is using the scale − inch = 1 foot
2
5 people. If 1,256 people currently and the room model is 10 inches by
subscribe to the paper, how many 15 inches, what are the dimensions of
people will subscribe to it if the price the actual room? 20 ft by 30 ft
is increased by $0.25?
1,231 people

5. STUDY TIME The circle graph below 6. PHOTOGRAPHY What is the area of

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
shows the results to a survey asking the matted pictured below? 39 in2
students how long they study each
night. In a school of 400 students,
how many students study 4 in.
1.5-2.5 hours per night? 6 in. 1.5 in.
260 students
3–4 hours
10% 1.5 in.

0–1 hours
25%

1.5 – 2.5 hours

65%

7. TRAVEL How far has Kim traveled if 8. SISTERS Jolene is 3 years older than
she has driven 45 miles per hour for Susie. Cyd is 2 years younger
4 hours? 180 miles than Susie. If Cyd is 10 years old, how
old are Susie and Jolene?
12 and 15

128 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Volume of Pyramids
Find the volume of each pyramid. Round to the nearest tenth
if necessary.
1. 6.7 ft3
5 ft

2 ft 2 ft

2. 1.0 m3
2.4 m

1.4 m 1.8 m

3. 2
4 3 yd 15.6 yd3

3 yd 1
3 3 yd
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

4. 10.8 m 2.6 m 30.0 m3

6.4 m

Find the height of each pyramid.

5. square base with edge 15 feet and volume 1,350 cubic feet 18 ft

6. triangular base with base edge 12 inches and base height 9 inches, and volume
108 cubic inches 6 in.

7. GREAT PYRAMID The Great Pyramid has a height of about 480.7 feet and base
edges about 756 feet. The base is almost square. Find the approximate volume of this
pyramid. 91,579,118.4 ft3

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 129

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Volume of Pyramids
1. SOUVENIRS On a trip to Oregon, 2. ART An artist created a statue in the
Sabrina bought a small stone in the shape of a triangular pyramid. The
shape of a square pyramid as a triangular base has a height of 9 feet.
souvenir. Find the volume of the stone. Find the volume of the statue. Round to
Round to the nearest tenth. 1.5 in3 the nearest tenth. 240 ft3

2 in. 10 ft

1.5 in.

1.5 in. 16 ft

3. GATE POST The top of a gate post is in 4. DISPLAY STAND A glass stand to display
the shape of a square pyramid. The a doll is in the shape of a right
height of the pyramid is 5 inches and triangular pyramid as shown. Find the
each side of the base is 7.4 inches. Find volume. Round to the nearest tenth.
the volume of wood needed to make the 202.5 in3
top of the gate post. Round to the
nearest tenth. 91.3 in3
15 in.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
9 in. 9 in.

5. COAL A piece of coal is in the shape of a 6. ART PROJECT An art class builds a
square pyramid. Find the volume. square pyramid with sides 12 feet wide.
Round to the nearest tenth. The pyramid is 17 feet high. Each
118.8 in3 student in the school deposits a colored
8.2 in.
cube with side length of 1 feet into the
pyramid. To the nearest hundred, about
8.2 in. how many students are in the
school? 800 students
5.3 in.

130 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Surface Area of Prisms
Find the surface area of each prism. Round to the nearest tenth if
necessary.
1. 2. 3.

3 ft
2
2 ft 6 3 yd
6 ft 5.5 m

12 yd
1
1.2 m 8 4 yd
1.6 m

72 ft2 34.6 m2 468 yd2

4. 4m 5.
3m
4.8 ft
2m

3 ft
5 ft
52 m2 106.8 ft2
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

6. 7. 12 in.
.
8. 1 in
8.1 in.

5.2 mm 9 mm
4 mm 8.1
in.
6.6 mm
area of base 28.4 in2
163 mm2 348.4 in2

8. BIRTHDAY GIFT When wrapping a birthday gift in the shape of a rectangular prism for
his mother, Kenji adds an additional 2.5 square feet of gift wrap to allow for overlap.
How many square feet of gift wrap will Kenji use to wrap a gift 3.5 feet long, 18 inches
wide, and 2 feet high? 33 ft2

9. CONTAINERS A company needs to package hazardous chemicals in special plastic

rectangular prism containers that hold 80 cubic feet. Find the whole number
dimensions of the container that would use the least amount of plastic.
4 ft, 4 ft, and 5 ft

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 131

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Surface Area of Prisms
1. PACKAGING A packaging company needs 2. INSULATION Jane needs to buy
to know how much cardboard will be insulation for the inside of a truck
required to make boxes 18 inches long, container. The container is a
12 inches wide, and 10 inches high. rectangular prism 15 feet long, 8 feet
How much cardboard will be needed for 1
wide, and 7 − feet high. How much
each rectangular prism-shaped box if 2
surfaces except the floor are to be
there is no overlap in the construction?
insulation should Jane buy if all inside
1,032 in2
insulated? 465 ft2

3. ICE Suppose the length of each edge of 4. ICE Suppose you cut the ice cube from
a cube of ice is 4 centimeters. Find the Exercise 3 in half horizontally into two
surface area of the cube. 96 cm2 smaller rectangular prisms. Find the
surface area of one of the two smaller
prisms. 64 cm2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
4 cm

5. CONTAINERS What is the total surface 6. TOYS Oscar is making a play block for
area of the inside and outside of a his baby sister by gluing fabric over the
container in the shape of an equilateral entire surface of a foam block. How
triangular prism with a triangular base much fabric will Oscar need? 66.7 in2
5 meters on each side, area of base
10.8 square meters, and height of prism
2.3 in.
2.2 meters? Round to the nearest
tenth. 109.2 m2
2.3 in.
6.1 in.

132 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Homework Practice

Surface Area of Pyramids
Find the total surface area of each pyramid. Round to the nearest
tenth if necessary.
1. 279 in2 2. 18 ft 1440 ft2
11 in.

24 ft
24 ft
9 in.
9 in.

3. 207.7 cm2 4. 278.1 m2

15 cm 18 m

8 cm
9m

8 cm 8 cm
9m 9m
area of base area of base
27.7 cm2 35.1 m2

5. 16.3 ft 1,052 ft2 6. 585 in2

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

16 in.

20 ft
20 ft

13 in.
13 in.
7. 223.3 m2 8. 94.7 in2
7m
12 m 7m

7m 7m
10 m
area of base
21.2 m2
10 m 10 m
area of base
43.3 m2

9. MODEL HOUSE Baron built a square pyramid block to use as the roof of a model house
he was making. The square base had sides of length 8 inches and the slant height was
6 inches. Find the surface area of the block. Round to the nearest tenth. 160 in2

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 133

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Problem-Solving Practice

Surface Area of Pyramids
1. PORCH Lucille has a screened porch in 2. TENT The Summers children are
the shape of a square prism. The roof is camping out in the tent shown. Find
a square pyramid. If the roof is 9 feet the lateral area of the tent. 216 ft2
by 9 feet and the slant height is 6 feet,
9 ft
find the lateral area of the roof.
108 ft2

12 ft

12 ft

3. BOX Alexander has a triangular 4. SOCCER BALL Sarai wrapped a soccer

pyramid box to keep his holiday ball in a box in the shape of a square
decorations in. Find the surface area of pyramid. The box has a base with
the box. 1,689.4 in2 sides 12 inches and a slant height of
20 inches. How many square inches of
cardboard were used to make the
40 in.
box? 624 in2

24 in.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
24 in. 24 in.

area of base
249.4 in2

5. MOBILE Gemma made a mobile to hang 6. MOBILE Another clear plastic case on
over her brother’s crib. She put each the mobile in Exercise 5 is in the shape
animal on the mobile in a clear plastic of a square pyramid. The sides of the
case. The shape of one case was an square base are each 2 inches and the
equilateral triangular pyramid as slant height is 4 inches. Find the
shown. Find the surface area of the surface area of this case. 20 in2
pyramid. 13.7 in2

4 in.

2 in.

2 in. 2 in.

area of
base 1.7 in2

134 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Homework Practice

Volume and Surface Area of Composite Figures
Find the volume of each composite figure.
1. 2. 6 cm 3. 5m
2 ft 5m
5 cm 0.5 cm

13 m
0.5 cm 6 cm
4 ft
4m
5 cm 0.5 cm
1.5 ft
2 ft 6 cm

14 ft3 31.5 cm3 375 m3

4. TABLE Rina is building a table as shown in the figure. 30 in.

1 in.
Find the volume of wood she needs for the table. The 20 in.
table legs are 24 inches tall with a length and width
of 2 inches. 984 in3
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Find the surface area of each composite figure.

5. 6. 8 cm 7. area of base
3.6 ft 5.6 ft2
3.6 cm 2 cm
7 cm
3 cm
3.6 ft
2 ft
3 cm 6 cm

6 cm 12 cm 3.6 ft
2 cm 4 ft
3.6 cm
4 cm

233.6 cm2 233.6 cm2 84.8 ft2

Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures 135

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 8 Problem-Solving Practice

Volume and Surface Area of Composite Figures
Solve each problem using any strategy you have learned. Round to
the nearest tenth if necessary.

1. LUNCH BOX Find the volume of the 2. ROCKET Find the volume of the toy
lunch box shown. The container rocket shown. The rocket consists of a
consists of a rectangular prism and a prism and a pyramid. 8.7 in3
triangular prism. 480 in3
2 in.
8 in.
1 in.
4 in. 1 in.

4 in.
8 in.
10 in.

3. FLOWER BOX Find the surface area of 4. FLOWER BOX Find the volume of the
the open-top flower box shown. box in Exercise 3.
40 ft3
2 ft

2 ft.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
10 ft

68 ft2

5. PLANTER Find the volume of the two- 6. POOL Find the volume of the pool
tiered planter consisting of two shown. It consists of two prisms.
prisms. 154,500 cm3 1,620 ft3 20 ft
30 cm 10 ft
6 ft
30 cm 5 cm
15 cm
7 ft
100 cm
10 ft
100 cm

136 Course 2 • Chapter 8 Measure Figures

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Probability of Simple Events
The spinner shown is spun once. Find each probability. Write each
B E
answer as a fraction, a decimal, and a percent.
1 , ≈0.17, ≈17%
1. P(C) − 2. P(G) 0, 0.0, 0% M C
6
A P
1 , ≈0.3, ≈33% 1 , 0.5, 50%
3. P(M or P) − 4. P(B, E, or A) −
3 2
2 , ≈0.7, ≈67% 5
5. P(not vowel) − 6. P(not M) − , ≈0.83, ≈83%
3 6

Eight cards are marked 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 such that each card

has exactly one of these numbers. A card is picked without looking.
Find each probability. Write each answer as a fraction, a decimal, and
a percent.
1 1 , 0.25, 25%
7. P(9) − , 0.125, 12.5% 8. P(3 or 4) −
8 4
5
9. P(greater than 5) − , 0.625, 62.5% 10. P(less than 3) 0, 0.0, 0%
8
1 3
11. P(odd) − , 0.5, 50% 12. P(4, 7, or 8) − , 0.375, 37.5%
2 8
7 3
13. P(not 6) − , 0.875, 87.5% 14. P(not 5 and not 10) − , 0.75, 75%
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

8 4

The spinner is spun once. Write a sentence stating how

FISH DOG
likely it is for each event to happen. Justify your answer. CAT CAT

15. fish Spinning a fish is not likely since the CAT BIRD

1
probability is −− or 10%. DOG CAT
10 CAT BIRD

16. cat The chances of spinning a cat or not spinning

a cat are equally likely since the probability of spinning a cat is 50%.

17. bird, cat, or fish Spinning a bird, cat, or fish is very likely since the
probability is 80%

18. PLANTS Of the water lilies in the pond, 43% are yellow. The others are white. A frog
randomly jumps onto a lily. Describe the complement of the frog landing on a yellow lily
and find its probability.
The complement of the frog landing on a yellow lily is landing on a
57
white lily. The probability of the complement is −−− , 0.57, or 57%.
100

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 137

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Probability of Simple Events
Write each answer as a fraction, a decimal, and a percent.
yo-yo whistle
PARTY For Exercises 1 and 2, the spinner shown is spun once.
The spinner shows the prizes a person can win at a party. cap cap

cap yo-yo
key cap
ring

1. What is the probability that a person 2. What is the probability that a person
will spin a cap? a whistle? a cap or will spin a stuffed animal? Explain.
yo-yo? What is the probability that a person
1 1 will win a prize?
− , 0.5, or 50%; − , 0.125, or 0
2 8 − , 0.0, or 0%; Sample answer:
3 8
12.5%; − ,
4 There is no stuffed animal on the
0.75, or 75% 8
spinner; − , 1.0, or 100%.
8
3. WEATHER The weather report says there
4. EATING HABITS 7% of Americans are
is an 85% chance it will be very hot vegetarians. If you ask a random person
tomorrow. Should you get ready to use whether he or she is a vegetarian, what
the air conditioner? Explain. is the probability that the person is not a
Yes; Sample answer: A probability vegetarian? Explain. 93%; Sample

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
of 85% is close to 100%; answer: Since the total probability
therefore, it is likely that you will is 1.0, subtract 0.07 from 1.0 to find
need the air conditioner. the probability of not being
vegetarian.
5. SCHOOL Theresa is taking a multiple- 6. NUMBER CUBE You roll a number cube.
choice test and does not know an How likely is it that you will roll a
answer. She can guess answer A, B, C, D, number less than 1? less than 7?
or E. What is the probability that Explain. − 0 , 0.0, or 0%; − 6
, 1.0, or
Theresa will guess correctly? 6 6
incorrectly?
100%; Sample answer: There is no
1 4 number less than 1, and every
− , 0.2, or 20%; − , 0.8, or 80% number is less than 7.
5 5

7. FOOD Mrs. Phillips has 10 identical cans 8. In Exercise 7, how likely is it

without labels. She knows that she had Mrs. Phillips will open a can of corn?
1 can of peas, 5 cans of corn, 1 can of a can of peas? Explain. Since the
carrots, and 3 cans of beets. She opens probability of opening a can of
one can. What is the probability it is corn is 50%, it is equally likely to
carrots? corn or beets? happen. Since the probability of
1 4 opening a can of peas is 10%, it is
−− , 0.1, or 10%; − , 0.8, or 80%
10 5 less likely to happen.
138 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability
 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Theoretical and Experimental Probability
1. A number cube is rolled 24 times and lands on 2 four times and on 6 three times.
1
a. Find the experimental probability of landing on a 2. −
6
7
b. Find the experimental probability of not landing on a 6. −
8
c. Compare the experimental probability you found in part a to its
theoretical probability. The theoretical probability of landing
1
on a 2, − , is the same as the experimental probability.
6
d. Compare the experimental probability you found in part b to
its theoretical probability. The theoretical probability of not
5
landing on a 6, − , is fairly close to the experimental probability.
6
2. ENTERTAINMENT Use the results of the survey in the table shown.
a. What is the probability that someone Best Entertainment Value
in the survey considered reading books
Type of Entertainment Percent
or surfing the Internet as the best
entertainment value? Write the Playing Interactive Games 48
31 Reading Books 22
probability as a fraction. −−−
100 Renting Movies 10
b. Out of 500 people surveyed, how many Going to Movie Theaters 10
would you expect considered reading
Surfing the Internet 9
books or surfing the Internet as the best
Watching Television 1
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

entertainment value? 155

c. Out of 300 people surveyed, is it reasonable

to expect that 30 considered watching
television as the best entertainment value?
Why or why not? No; 1% of 300 = 3, not 30

3. A spinner marked with four sections blue, green, yellow, and red was spun 100 times.
The results are shown in the table.
a. Find the experimental probability of Section Frequency
1
landing on green. −−
10 Blue 14
b. Find the experimental probability Green 10
17
of landing on red. −− Yellow 8
25 Red 68
c. If the spinner is spun 50 more times,
how many of these times would you expect
the pointer to land on blue? 7

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 139

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Theoretical and Experimental Probability
HOBBIES For Exercises 1–4, use the What is your favorite hobby?
graph of a survey of 24 seventh-grade
Singing 1
students asked to name their favorite
Hanging with friends 3
hobby.
Building things 1
Bike riding 2
T.V. 3
Computer 3
Roller skating 3
Sports 8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Number of Students

1. What is the probability that a student’s 2. Suppose 200 seventh-grade students

favorite hobby is roller skating? were surveyed. How many can be
1
−− expected to say that roller skating is
8 their favorite hobby? 25

3. Suppose 60 seventh-grade students 4. Suppose 150 seventh-grade students

were surveyed. How many can be were surveyed. How many can be
expected to say that bike riding is their

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
expected to say that playing sports is
favorite hobby? 5 their favorite hobby? 50

WINTER ACTIVITIES For Exercises 5 and 6, What is your favorite winter activity?
use the graph of a survey with 104
Building a snowman 14
responses in which respondents were
Snowboarding/skiing 69
asked about their favorite winter
Sledding 21
activities.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Respondents

5. What is the probability that someone’s 6. If 500 people had responded, how many
favorite winter activity is building a would have been expected to list
snowman? Write the probability as a sledding as their favorite winter
fraction. activity? Round to the nearest whole
7
−− person. 101
52

140 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Probability of Compound Events
For each situation, find the sample space using a tree diagram.
1. choosing blue, green, or yellow wall paint with white, beige, or gray curtains
Paint Curtains Sample Space

white blue paint, white curtains

blue beige blue paint, beige curtains
gray blue paint, gray curtains
white green paint, white curtains
green beige green paint, beige curtains
gray green paint, gray curtains
white yellow paint, white curtains
yellow beige yellow paint, beige curtains
gray yellow paint, gray curtains

2. choosing a lunch consisting of a soup, Sample Answer :

salad, and sandwich from the menu Roast Beef
Caesar Ham
shown in the table
Turkey
Tortellini
Soup Salad Sandwich Roast Beef
Tortellini Caesar Roast Beef Macaroni Ham
Turkey
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Lentil Macaroni Ham

Turkey Roast Beef
Caesar Ham
Turkey
Lentil
Roast Beef
Macaroni Ham
Turkey

3. GAME Kimiko and Miko are playing a game in which each girl rolls a
number cube. If the sum of the numbers is a prime number, then Miko
wins. Otherwise Kimiko wins. Find the sample space. Then determine
whether the game is fair.
Sum = 2 Sum = 3 Sum = 4 Sum = 5 Sum = 6 Sum = 7 Sum = 8 Sum = 9 Sum = 10 Sum = 11 Sum = 12
1+6=7
1+5=6 2+6=8
1+4=5 2+5=7 3+6=9
1+3=4 2+4=6 3+5=8 4 + 6 = 10
2+1=3 2+3=5 3+4=7 4+5=9 5 + 6 = 11
1+1=2 2+2=4 3+3=6 4+4=8 5 + 5 = 10 6 + 6 = 12
1+2=3 3+2=5 4+3=7 5+4=9 6 + 5 = 11
3+1=4 4+2=6 5+3=8 6 + 4 = 10
4+1=5 5+2=7 6+3=9
5+1=6 6+2=8
6+1=7

3+5+5+4+3+1 7
P(Kimiko) = −−−−−−−−−−−− = −− ; The game is unfair because
36 12
Kimiko has more of a chance to win.

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 141

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Probability of Compound Events
1. GASOLINE Craig stops at a gas station 2. COINS Lorelei tosses a coin 4 times.
to fill his gas tank. He must choose Draw a tree diagram showing the
between full-service or self-service and possible outcomes. What is the
between regular, mid-grade, and probability of getting at least 2 tails?
premium gasoline. Draw a tree diagram 11
−−
showing the possible combinations of 16
service and gasoline type. How many First Second Third Fourth Sample
possible combinations are there? Toss Toss Toss Toss Space
H HHHH
Service Gasoline Sample Space H T HHHT
regular full, regular H H HHTH
Full midgrade full, midgrade T T HHTT
premium full, premium H H HTHH
regular H T HTHT
self, regular
Self midgrade self, midgrade T H HTTH
premium
T T HTTT
self, premium

H THHH
There are 6 possible H T THHT
combinations. H H THTH
T T THTT
T H TTHH
H T TTHT
T

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
H TTTH
T T TTTT

3. COINS In Exercise 2, what is the 4. EQUIPMENT The computer accessory

probability of getting 2 heads, then that Grace is considering selling at her
2 tails? store comes in white, beige, gray,
1 or black and as an optical mouse,
−−
16 mechanical mouse, or trackball. How
many combinations of color and model
must she stock in order to have at least
one of every possible combination?
12 possible combinations

142 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Simulations
1. STATE FAIR At a state fair, there are 10 animal exhibits, 12 gardening exhibits, and
8 farm equipment exhibits. Describe a model that you could use to simulate randomly
choosing an exhibit to visit. Sample answer: Use a spinner divided into
15 equal-sized sections where 5 sections represent animal exhibits, 6
sections represent gardening exhibits, and 4 sections represent farm
equipment exhibits.
2. WEATHER Suppose during springtime it rains about 40% of the time when school is
dismissed for the day. Describe a model that could be used to simulate whether it will
be raining when school is dismissed on a particular day during springtime. Sample
answer: Draw 1 marble from 5 marbles, 3 white to represent not raining
and 2 black to represent raining.
For Exercises 3 and 4, use the following information.
A sports company randomly sends out various cards of 8 different sports.
3. Describe a model that could be used to simulate which sport would be sent out.
Explain. Sample answer: Toss a coin 3 times. Record the outcome of
each toss. Assign the outcomes to a particular sport; Tossing a coin 3
times yields 8 different outcomes, HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, TTT, TTH, THT,
and THH with each assigned to a sport.
4. How could this simulation be used to determine the sport of the next 20 cards the
company sends out. Sample answer: Repeat the simulation 20 times.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

5. EXPERIMENT Suppose a lab rat enters the box with four

openings as shown. If each decision about the direction is
made at random, create a simulation to determine the
probability that the lab rat will leave the box before going
through 5 intersections. Sample answer: Roll a
number cube. If the outcome is 1 or 2, then make
a right turn. If the outcome is 3 or 4 then go
straight. If the outcome is 5 or 6 then make a left
turn. Record whether the lab rat leaves the box
after going through 2, 3, 4, or more intersections.
Repeat the experiment numerous times.
For Exercises 6–9, describe a situation that can be modeled using the given
simulation. 6–9. See students’ work.
6. spinning a spinner with 6 equal sections and tossing a coin

7. tossing four coins

8. rolling a number cube and tossing a coin

9. 1 marble chosen from a bag containing 11 red marbles and 4 blue marbles

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 143

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Simulations
For Exercises 1–6, describe a model that can be used to simulate the given
situation.
1. CARNIVALS Players at a carnival game 2. WEATHER On average, 66% of the days
win about 40% of the time. Describe a in Seattle, Washington, are cloudy or
model that could be used to simulate rainy. Describe a model that you could
the outcomes of playing this game. use to simulate this situation.
4 2 66 2
Sample answer: 66% = −− = about −
Sample answer: 40% = −− = −−. 100
.
3
10 5
Place 2 red marbles representing Place 2 red marbles representing
wins and 3 green marbles cloudy or rainy days and 1 green
representing losses and randomly marble representing noncloudy or
pick one marble from the bag. rainy days and randomly pick one
Repeat several times to find the marble from the bag. Repeat several
experimental probability that a times to find the experimental
player will win the carnival game. probability that a day will be cloudy
or rainy.

3. SNACKS An ice cream parlor offers 12 4. GAMES A game requires drawing tiles
flavors of ice cream. Describe a model with letters A through E for each of 8
that could be used to simulate randomly slots to determine the winning code.
selecting a certain type of ice cream. Describe a model that could be used to
Sample answer: Tossing a coin simulate the selection of the number.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
and rolling a number cube has Sample answer: A spinner split
12 outcomes. Assign each into 5 equal sections that are
outcome to represent one flavor labeled A, B, C, D, and E is spun
of ice cream. Repeat several 8 times. The results of each spin
times to find the experimental are recorded.
probability that a customer will
choose a flavor of ice cream.
5. QUESTIONS A teacher wants to 6. PRIZES A cereal company is placing one
randomly choose 4 students to answer of 6 different tickets into its boxes of
a series of questions. If there are 20 cereal. If each ticket is equally likely to
students in the classroom, describe a appear in a box of cereal, describe a
model that the teacher could use to model that could be used to simulate
simulate choosing these 4 students. the tickets that you would find in 50
Sample answer: A spinner split into boxes of cereal.
5 equal sections and a spinner split Sample answer: A number cube
into 4 equal sections are spun once numbered 1 through 6 can be
each with 20 possible outcomes, used to represent each type of
which are used to represent all of ticket. Roll the cube 50 times to
the students in the classroom. represent the 50 boxes of cereal
Repeat 4 times to choose the and record the results.
4 students.

144 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Act it Out
Mixed Problem Solving 4. NUMBER THEORY The sum of a 2-digit
number and the 2-digit number when
For Exercises 1 and 2, use the act it out
the digits are reversed is 77. If the
strategy.
difference of the same two numbers is
1. POP QUIZ Use the information in the 45, what are the two 2-digit numbers?
table to determine whether tossing a The numbers are 61 and 16.
nickel and a dime is a good way to
answer a 5-question multiple-choice
quiz if each question has answer choices
A, B, C, and D. Justify your answer.

Nickel Dime Answer Choice 5. BASEBALL In one game, Rafael was up to

bat 3 times and made 2 hits. In another
H H A game, he was up to bat 5 times with no
H T B hits. What percent of the times at bat
T H C did Rafael make a hit? 25%
T T D

No; sample answer: This method

results in a 1 in 4 chance of
getting all answers correct so
this is not a good method. 6. RESTAURANT A restaurant offers the
2. BOWLING Louis, Lucas, Garcelle, and possibility of 168 three-course dinners.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

Sheryl go bowling every week. When Each dinner has an appetizer, an entrée,
ordered from highest to lowest, how and a dessert. If the number of
many ways can their scores be arranged appetizers decreases from 7 to 5, find
if Lucas is never first and Garcelle how many fewer possible three-course
always beats Louis? 9 dinners the restaurant offers. 48

Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3–7.

7. RESTAURANT Refer to Exercise 6.
3. BOOKS What is the probability of five
The manager increases the number of
books being placed in alphabetical order
appetizers back to 7. Then she increases
of their titles if randomly put on a book
the number of desserts from 4 to 6. How
shelf?
1 many more possible three-course
−−− dinners are there than 168? 84
120

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 145

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Act it Out
Solve each problem using any strategy you have learned.
1. POLLS Out of 200 people, 32% said that 2. PEACHES Roi is picking peaches; he
their favorite animal was a cat and 1
needs a total of 3 − bushels of peaches.
44% said that their favorite animal was 2
If he has already picked 3 bushels, how
a dog. How many more people chose a many more does he need to pick?
dog than cat? 24
1
− bushel
2

3. BASEBALL Thirty-two teams are playing 4. GEOMETRY Draw the next two figures in
in the championship. If a team is the sequence.
eliminated once it loses, how many
total games will be played in the
championship? 31

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
5. POOL RENTAL The table below shows 6. GEOMETRY Alyssa drove 55 miles per
how much Ford Middle School was hour for 4 hours. Use the formula D = rt,
charged to rent the pool for a party where D is the distance, r is the rate,
based on the number of hours it was and t is the time to determine how far
rented. Predict the cost for 5 hours. Alyssa drove. 220 miles
$600
Number of Hours Cost
1 $120
1.5 $180
2 $240
2.5 $300

7. SCHOOL ELECTIONS How many ways 8. SHOPPING Morty bought skis. The skis
can a president, vice president, cost $215 and he got $35 in change.
secretary, and treasurer be elected How much did Morty pay? $250
from a choice of 6 students? 360

146 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Fundamental Counting Principle
Use the Fundamental Counting Principle to find the total number of
outcomes in each situation.
1. choosing from 8 car models, 5 exterior paint colors, and 2 interior
colors 80

2. selecting a year in the last decade and a month of the year 120

3. picking from 3 theme parks and 1-day, 2-day, 3-day, and 5-day passes 12

4. choosing a meat and cheese sandwich Cheese Meat

from the list shown in the table 16
Provolone Salami
5. tossing a coin and rolling 3 number cubes 432 Swiss Turkey
6. selecting coffee in regular or decaf, with or without American Tuna
cream, and with or without sweeteners 8 Cheddar Ham

7 COINS Find the number of possible outcomes if

2 quarters, 4 dimes, and 1 nickel are tossed. 27 = 128

8. SOCIAL SECURITY Find the number of possible 9-digit social security

numbers if the digits may be repeated. 109 or 1,000,000,000

9. AIRPORTS Jolon will be staying with his grandparents for a week. There
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

are four flights that leave the airport near Jolon’s home that connect to
an airport that has two different flights to his grandparents’ hometown.
Find the number of possible flights. Then find the probability of taking
the earliest flight from each airport if the flight is selected at random.
1
8; −
8
10. ANALYZE TABLES The table shows the
Number of Style of Type of
kinds of homes offered by a residential Bedrooms Kitchen Porch
builder. If the builder offers a discount
5-bedroom Mediterranean Open
on one home at random, find the
probability it will be a 4-bedroom 4-bedroom Contemporary Screen
home with an open porch. Explain 3-bedroom Southwestern
your reasoning.
Sample answer: The builder offers 3 · 3 · 2 = 18
kinds of homes. The discounted home has 1 choice
for the number of bedrooms, 3 choices for the style
of kitchen, and 1 choice for the type of porch. Since
1 · 3 · 1 = 3, the probability
3 1
is −− =− .
18 6

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 147

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Fundamental Counting Principle
1. SURFBOARD Tradd owns 3 surfboards 2. SHOPPING Trey is trying to decide
and 2 wet suits. If he takes one which bag of dog food to buy. The brand
surfboard and one wet suit to the beach, he wants comes in 4 flavors and 3 sizes.
how many different combinations can How many choices are there? 12
he choose? 6

3. PASSWORDS To set a password, you 4. RESTAURANTS Margaret’s favorite

must select 4 numbers from 0 to 9. How restaurant has 3 specials every day.
many possible passwords can be chosen There are 2 choices of vegetable and
if each number may be used more than 3 choices of dessert. How many different
once? 10,000 meals could Margaret have if she
chooses one special, one vegetable, and
one dessert? 18

5. ROUTES When Sunil goes to the 6. STEREOS Jailin went to her local stereo
building where he works, he can go store. Given her budget and the

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
through 4 different doors into the lobby. available selection, she can choose
Then he can go to the seventh floor by between 2 CD players, 5 amplifiers,
taking 2 different elevators or and 3 pairs of speakers. How many
2 different stairways. How many different ways can Jailin choose one CD
different ways can Sunil get from player, one amplifier, and one pair of
outside the building to the seventh speakers? 30
floor? 16

7. DESSERT For dessert you can choose 8. TESTS Giorgio is taking a true or false
apple, cherry, blueberry, or peach pie to quiz. There are six questions on the
eat, and milk or juice to drink. How quiz. How many ways can the quiz be
many different combinations of one answered? 64
pie and one beverage are possible? 8

148 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Homework Practice

Permutations
Solve each problem.
1. NUMBERS How many different 2-digit numbers can be formed from the
digits 4, 6, and 8? Assume no number can be used more than once. 6

2. LETTERS How many permutations are possible of the letters in the word
numbers? 5,040

3. PASSENGERS There are 5 passengers in a car. In how many ways can the
passengers sit in the 5 passenger seats of the car? 120

4. PAINTINGS Mr. Bernstein owns 14 paintings, but has only enough wall
space in his home to display three of them at any one time. How many
ways can Mr. Bernstein display three paintings in his home? 2,184

5. DOG SHOW Mateo is one of the six dog owners in the terrier category. If
the owners are selected in a random order to show their dogs, how many
ways can the owners show their dogs? 720

6. TIME Michel, Jonathan, and two of their friends each ride their bikes
to school. If they have an equally-likely chance of arriving first, what is
the probability that Jonathan will arrive first and Michel will arrive
second? −− 1
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

12
7. BIRTHDAY Glen received 6 birthday cards. If he is equally likely to read
the cards in any order, what is the probability he reads the card from his
parents and the card from his sister before the other cards? −−
1
30
CODES For Exercises 8–10, use the following information. A bank gives
each new customer a 4-digit code number which allows the new
customer to create their own password. The code number is assigned
randomly from the digits 1, 3, 5, and 7, and no digit is repeated.
8. What is the probability that the code number for a new customer will begin
with a 7? −1
4
9. What is the probability that the code number will not contain a 5? 0
1
10. What is the probability that the code number will start with 371? −−
24

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 149

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 6 Problem-Solving Practice

Permutations
1. AREA CODES How many different 2. CARDS Jason is dealt five playing
3-digit area codes can be created if no cards. In how many different orders
digit can be repeated? Assume all area could Jason have been dealt the same
codes are possible. 720 hand? 120

3. PASSWORDS How many different 4. RACING All 22 students in Amy’s class

3-letter passwords are possible if no are going to run the 100-meter dash. In
letter may be repeated? 15,600 how many ways can the students finish
in first, second, and third place? 9,240

5. LETTERS How many ways can you 6. SCHOOL In how many ways can a
arrange the letters in the word president, vice-president, and secretary

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
history? 5,040 be chosen from eight students? 336

7. SERIAL NUMBERS How many different 8. WINNERS There are 156 ways for 2 cars
6-digit serial numbers are available if to win first and second place in a race.
no digit can be repeated? 151,200 How many cars are in the race? 13

150 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Homework Practice

Independent and Dependent Events
The two spinners at the right are spun. Find each probability.
1 1
1. P(4 and C) −− 2. P(1 and A) −−
48 16 8 1 B A
7 2
1 A B
3. P(even and C) −− 4. P(odd and A) −
1 6 3
12 4 5 4 C A

5 1
5. P(greater than 3 and B) −− 6. P(less than 5 and B) −
24 6
GAMES There are 10 yellow, 6 green, 9 orange, and 5 red cards in a
stack of cards turned facedown. Once a card is selected, it is not
replaced. Find each probability.
7. P(two yellow cards) −−
3 1
8. P(two green cards) −−
29 29
9. P(a yellow card and then a 10. P(a red card and then an
green card) −−2 orange card) −− 3
29 58
14
11. P(two cards that are not orange) −−
29
12. P(two cards that are neither red nor green) −−−
57
145
13. OFFICE SUPPLIES A store sells a box of highlighters that contains 4 yellow,
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3 blue, 2 pink, and 1 green highlighter. What is the probability of randomly

picking first 1 blue and then 1 pink highlighter from the box? −− 1
15
14. BASKETBALL Angelina makes 70% of her free throws. What is the
probability that she will make her next two free throws? 0.49 or 49%

15. CAR RENTALS Use the following information and the Car Requests
information in the table.
Compact 25%
At a car rental office, 63% of the customers are men Full-size 37%
and 37% are women. Convertible 10%
SUV 16%
a. What is the probability that the next customer
will be a woman who requests a convertible? Luxury 12%
0.037 or 3.7%

b. What is the probability that the next customer will

be a man who requests either a compact car or luxury car?
0.2331 or 23.31%

Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability 151

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 7 Problem-Solving Practice

Independent and Dependent Events
1. CHECKERS In a game of checkers, there 2. CHECKERS What is the probability that
are 12 red game pieces and 12 black the first piece is red and the second
game pieces. Julio is setting up the piece is black? Explain how you found
board to begin playing. What is the your answer.
probability that the first two checkers 6
−− ; on the first selection, there
he pulls from the box at random will be 23
two red checkers? are 12 red out of 24 total, and on
11 the second selection, there are
−−
46 12 black out of 23 total. Multiply
12 12
the probabilities −− and −− .
24 23

CHESS For Exercises 3–5, use the following information.

Inger keeps her white and black chess pieces in separate bags. For each color, there are
8 pawns, 2 rooks, 2 bishops, 2 knights, 1 queen, and 1 king.

3. Are the events of drawing a knight 4. Are the events of drawing a bishop from
from the bag of white pieces and the bag of white pieces and then
drawing a pawn from the bag of black drawing the queen from the same bag
pieces dependent or independent dependent or independent events?
events? Explain. Find the probability of Explain. Find the probability of this

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
this compound event. compound event.
Independent; drawing a Dependent; once a bishop is
piece from one bag does not drawn, there are fewer pieces in
affect the pieces in the other the bag from which to choose
1 1
bag; −− . the second piece; −−− .
16 120

5. Find the probability of drawing a pawn, 6. SOCCER During a soccer season, Mario
a knight, and another pawn from the made approximately 2 goal points for
bag of white pieces. every 5 of his shots on goal. What is the
1 probability that Mario would make
−−
30 2 goal points on two shots in a row
during the season?
4
−−
25

152 Course 2 • Chapter 9 Probability

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Homework Practice

Make Predictions
QUIZ SHOW For Exercises 1 and 2, use the following information.
On a quiz show, a contestant correctly answered 9 of the last
12 questions.
1. Based on these results, find the probability of the contestant correctly answering
3
the next question. − , 0.75, or 75%
4

2. Suppose the contestant continues on the show and tries to correctly answer
24 questions. About how many questions would you predict the contestant to
correctly answer? About 18 questions

CHORES For Exercises 3–6, use the

Least Favorite Chore
table to predict the number of
Chore Number of Students
students out of 528 that would
say each of the following was their Clean my room 7
least favorite chore. Take out the garbage 4
Wash dishes 5
Walk the dog 3
Vacuum or dust 5

3. clean my room 154 students 4. wash dishes 110 students

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

5. walk the dog 66 students 6. take out the garbage 88 students

7. BOOK The results of a survey asking teens their Favorite Type of Book
favorite type of book to read is shown.
a. Out of 250 teens, predict how many would choose
mystery as their favorite type of book to read. 37%
Mystery
about 93 teens
25%
b. Out of 250 teens, predict how many would choose Science Fiction

adventure as their favorite type of book to read. 25%

about 63 teens 13%
Adventure
Romance
c. Out of 250 teens, predict how many would choose
science fiction as their favorite type of book to read.
about 63 teens

Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics 153

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 1 Problem-Solving Practice

Make Predictions
MOVIES For Exercises 1–3, use the table Favorite Movie Type
of results of Jeremy’s survey of favorite
Type People
kinds of movies.
Drama 12
Foreign 3
Comedy 20
Action 15

1. MOVIES How many people did Jeremy 2. If Jeremy were to ask any person to
use for his sample? name his or her favorite type of movie,
50 people what is the probability that it would be
comedy?
2
− , 0.4, or 40%
5

3. If Jeremy were to survey 250 people, 4. HAIRCUT Survey results show that 68%
how many would you predict would of people tip their hairdresser when

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
name comedy? 100 people they get a haircut. Predict how many
people out of 150 tip their hairdresser.
102 people

5. GOLF A survey showed that 28% of 6. GOLF Use the information in Exercise 5
adults play golf in their free time. Out to predict how many adults out of 1,550
of 1,550 adults, predict how many would say they do not play golf.
would say they play golf. 1,116 adults
434 adults

154 Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Homework Practice

Unbiased and Biased Samples
Determine if each conclusion is valid. Justify your answer.
1. To determine the most common injury cared for in an emergency room, a reporter goes
to the same hospital every afternoon for one month during the summer and observes
people entering the emergency room. She concludes that second degree sunburn is the
most common injury. The conclusion is not valid. This is a biased sample
since observations were only done in the summer. This is a
convenience sample.
2. To evaluate customer satisfaction, a grocery store gives double coupons to anyone who
completes a survey as they enter the store. The store manager determines that
customers are very satisfied with their shopping experience in his store. The
conclusion is not valid. This is a biased sample since a reward was
given. This is a voluntary response sample.
3. To evaluate the integrity of underground water lines, the department of public works
randomly selects 20 sites in the city to unearth and observe the water lines. At 5 of the
sites, the water lines needed repair. The department of public works concludes that
about one-fourth of underground water lines throughout the city need repair. The
conclusion is valid. This is an unbiased random sample.
4. DOWNLOADS A guidance counselor asked Mobile Phone Downloads
students who owned mobile phones, which was the
Type Frequency
last type of download each one downloaded to their
Games 10
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

mobile phone. The results are shown in the table.

If there are 420 students in the school, how many Ringtones 25
can be expected to download ringtones? This is Screensavers 14
a convenience sample, so no valid Music 36
conclusion can be made.

5. DENTISTRY A survey is to be conducted to determine the reasons dental patients are

hesitant to go to the dentist. Describe the sample and explain why each sampling
method might not be valid.
a. Adults that are randomly selected from an office complex are asked to go online and
fill out a questionnaire. Sample answer: This is a voluntary response
sample. Adults may not respond.
b. A randomly selected dentist asks his patients why they may be hesitant to go to a
dentist. Sample answer: This is a convenience sample. Patients may
or may not want to discuss this matter with their dentist.
c. Randomly selected dental patients who are having a routine check-up are asked to
write down their feelings. Sample answer: It is not random since only
people at the dentist are asked.

Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics 155

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 2 Problem-Solving Practice

Unbiased and Biased Samples
FUNDRAISING For Exercises 1 and 2, use the survey Flavor Number
results in the table at the right. Members of the Drama
butter 33
Club plan to sell popcorn as a fundraiser for their
Shakespeare production. They survey 75 students at cheese 15
random about their favorite flavors of popcorn. caramel 27

1. Is the sample valid? What percent of 2. If the club orders 400 boxes of popcorn
the students prefer caramel popcorn? to sell, how many boxes of caramel
yes; 36% popcorn should they order? Explain
how you found your answer. about
144 boxes; Multiply the percent
who prefer caramel found
through the survey by the total
number of boxes.

DINING OUT For Exercises 3 and 4, use the following information.

As people leave a restaurant one evening, 20 people are surveyed
at random. Eight people say they usually order dessert when they
eat out.

3. Is the sample valid? What percent of 4. If 130 people have dinner at the
those surveyed say they usually order restaurant tomorrow, how many

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
dessert when they eat out? would you expect to order dessert?
yes; 40% about 52 people

RECREATION For Exercises 5 and 6, use the table at Bicycle Type Number
the right which shows the responses of 50 people
mountain 11
who expect to purchase a bicycle next year.
touring 8
comfort 9
juvenile 19
other 3

5. Is the sample valid? What percent of 6. If Mike’s Bike Shop plans to order 1,200
those planning to buy a bicycle next bicycles to sell next year, how many
year think they will buy a mountain mountain bikes should be ordered?
bike? yes; 22% about 264 mountain bikes

156 Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Homework Practice

Misleading Graphs and Statistics
ANTIQUES For Exercises 1–3, use the table.
Antiques
1. Find the mean, median, and mode of the data. Item Value ($)
mean: $560; median: $750; mode: $850
Desk 150
2. Which measure might be misleading in describing Table 850
the value of each item? Explain. Sample answer: Painting 850
the mode; The mode is significantly higher Dishes 750
than the average.
Sewing Machine 200

3. Which measure would best describe the value of each item? Explain. Sample
answer: the mean; the mean gives an average value for the items.
MOUNTAINS For Exercises 4 and 5, use the graph Elevation of Mountains
that shows the elevation of the two highest 20,500
mountain peaks in Alaska. 20,000
19,500

Elevation (feet)
4. Based on the size of the bars compare the elevations of 19,000
the mountains. Sample answer: The elevation of 18,500
Mt. McKinley is more than twice the elevation 18,000
17,500
of Mt. St. Elias.
17,000
5. Explain how this graph may be misleading. Sample
16,500
answer: The elevation on the graph begins Mt. McKinley Mt. St. Elias
with 16,500 feet, not 0 feet.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

6. BODY TEMPERATURE The graphs below show the hourly body temperature for a hospital
patient. Which graph would be more helpful to the doctor in showing the change in
body temperature? Explain.
Graph A Graph B
Hourly Temperatures Hourly Temperatures
110 103
100 102.5
90 102
Degrees Fahrenheit

80 101.5
Degrees Fahrenheit

70 101
60 100.5
50 100
40 99.5
30 99
20 98.5
10 98
.

0
M

M
P.

P.

P.

P.

P.

P.

P.
.

.
M

7
P.

P.

P.

P.

P.

P.

P.

Hour
1

Hour

Graph B; Sample answer: Since body temperature only fluctuates

about 5°F above and below normal body temperature, a smaller
temperature scale better shows the small changes in body temperature.

Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics 157

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 3 Problem-Solving Practice

Misleading Graphs and Statistics
QUIZ SCORES For Exercises 1 and 2, use the BOOK SALES For Exercises 3 and 4, use the
data shown in the table below. The table table below. It shows the number of books
shows the quiz grades for Ms. Andrey’s and sold each day for 20 days.
Mr. Luna’s classes.
Book Sales Per Day
Quiz Scores
23 18 23 15
Ms. Andrey’s Mr. Luna’s 24 16 0 11
Class Class
19 10 13 17
10 20
12 23 11 16
15 20
36 24 12 27
25 25
25 29
12 26

1. Ms. Andrey claims the average score on 2. What additional information could be
a quiz in her class was 25. Mr. Luna useful in analyzing the data? Sample
claims the average score on a quiz in answer: There is no information
his class is 25. Explain how they concerning total possible points
arrived at these figures. Ms. Andrey on each quiz. Without this

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
used the mode, while Mr. Luna information, the data is
used the median. meaningless.

3. Find the mean, median, and mode of 4. Which value would most accurately
the data. Which measure of central describe the data? Explain.
tendency would be misleading in Sample answer: The median; the
describing the book sales? mean will be affected by the
Explain. Mean: 17.5; median: outliers 0 and 36, so the mean
16.5; mode: 23; the mode would would not be accurate. Also,
be misleading. Sample answer: there are no big gaps in the
Only on 7 days out of 20 did middle of the data.
sales reach 23 or more.

158 Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Homework Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Use A Graph
Mixed Problem Solving 4. NUMBER THEORY 42 is subtracted from
42% of a number. The result is 42. What
For Exercises 1 and 2, use the table
is the number? The number is 200.
showing the price of loaves of bread.

Number of Loaves Price ($)

1 3.50
2 7.00
3 10.50
4 14.00

1. Draw a graph of the data.

14.00
5. MONEY The value of the number of
10.50 dimes is equal to the value of the
Price $

number of quarters. If the total value of

7.00 the quarters and dimes is $6.00, find
the total number of coins. 42 coins
3.50

0 1 2 3 4
Loaves
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

2. Use the graph in Exercise 1 to predict

the price of 5 loaves of bread. $17.50

Use any strategy to solve Exercises 3–6.

3. LAWN TOOLS The bar graph shows the
number of shovels and rakes sold during
particular months at a hardware store. 6. SKIING Mrs. Roget is taking her family
During which month was the number of of 2 adults and 4 children skiing for the
rakes sold about twice the number of day. They need to rent ski equipment.
shovels sold? August What will it cost to ski for the day
including equipment rental and lift
Shovel and Rake Sales
40 tickets? $124.00
35
Number Sold

30
25 Daily Ski Costs
20
15 Item Adults Children
10
5 Lift Ticket $10.00 $8.00
0 Skis $7.00 $4.25
April June August October
Month
Shovels Rakes Boots $6.25 $4.25
Poles $2.25 $1.75

Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics 159

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Problem-Solving Practice
Problem-Solving Investigation: Use A Graph
For Exercises 1–3, use the table showing the area covered by boxes of tiles.

Number of Boxes of Tiles Area (ft2)

1 15
2 30
3 45

1. Draw a graph of the data. 2. Predict the number of boxes that would
cover 60 square feet. 4 boxes
45
Area (ft2)

30

15

0 1 2 3
No. Boxes of Tiles

3. Predict the square feet that will be 4. EXERCISE Sherman wants to begin a
covered by 6 boxes of tiles. 90 ft2 new exercise program. His goal is to
begin by exercising for 25 minutes. He
goes to the gym two times a week,

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
increasing his workout by five minutes
each time. How long will it take him to
work up to an hour? 4 weeks

5. MONEY Brianna made a $13.82 6. Refer to Exercise 5. What bills and

purchase at the grocery store. She coins did she receive as change?
received two bills and five coins in Bills: one, five; Coins: dime,
change. What denomination of bill did nickel, three pennies
she pay with? $20

7. NUMBER THEORY A number is 8. PIZZA Russell has his choice of five

multiplied by 32 then divided by 14. pizza toppings: onions, sausage,
The square root of the result is 4. What mushrooms, pepperoni, and green
is the number? 7 pepper. In order to get a special price,
he can only choose two toppings. How
many combinations of toppings could he
choose? 10

160 Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Homework Practice

Compare Populations
Compare the centers and variations of the two populations in each exercise.
Round to the nearest tenth if necessary. Write an inference you can draw
about the two populations.
1. FITNESS The double plot shows the daily 2. ANIMALS The double dot plot shows the
attendance for two fitness clubs for one weights in pounds of several housecats
month. and small dogs.
Fitness Club Daily Attendance Weights (lb)
Fun Fit 
  
    
Greg’s Gym Housecats
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 
  
Sample answer: The median for Fun       
Small Dogs
Fit is 100 with a variation of 30. The 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
median for Greg’s Gym is 120 with a
variation of 20. Overall, Greg’s Gym Sample answer: The mean for the
has a greater attendance with less housecat data is 11 with a variation
variation. of about 0.9. The mean for the small
dog data is 9 with a variation of 1.3.
Overall, the housecats weigh more
with less variation.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

3. GAS MILEAGE The double dot plot shows 4. NUTRITION The double box plot shows
the gas mileage, in miles per gallon, for the number of Calories per serving for
several cars and SUVs. various fruits and vegetables.
Gas Mileage (mpg) Calories per Serving
 Fruits
 
  
Vegetables
    
SUVs
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200

   
Sample answer: The median for the
      fruit data is 100 with a variation of
Cars
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
75. The median for the vegetable
data is 50 with a variation of 50.
Sample answer: The median for the Overall, the fruits have a higher
SUV data is 20 with a variation of 2. number of Calories with a greater
The median for the car data is 25 variation.
with a variation of 4. Overall, the cars
have a greater gas mileage with a
greater variation.

Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics 161

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 4 Problem-Solving Practice

Compare Populations
The double box plot shows the Average Monthly High Temp. (°F)
average monthly high 66 72.5 86 101 106
temperatures for Phoenix, Phoenix
Arizona, and Las Vegas, Nevada.
57 64.5 79.5 96.5 104
Las Vegas

55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110

1. Compare the centers and variations of 2. Write an inference you can draw about
the two populations. the two populations. Sample
Sample answer: The Phoenix answer: In general, the
temperatures have a median of temperatures in Phoenix are
86°F with an interquartile range warmer than those in Las Vegas.
of 28.5°F. The Las Vegas
temperatures have a median of
79.5°F with an interquartile
range of 32°F.

The double dot plot shows the number Pet Registrations

of city pet registrations for several days.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

  
    
Dogs
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15


  
  
    
Cats
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

3. Compare the centers and variations of 4. In general, which type of pet has the
the two populations. Round to the greater number of registrations?
nearest tenth. Sample answer: Explain. dogs; Sample answer:
The dogs’ data has a mean of The mean number of dog
12 registrations with a mean registrations is greater than
absolute deviation of about the mean number of cat
0.9 registrations. The cats’ data registrations.
has a mean of 11 registrations
with a mean absolute deviation
of about 0.8 registrations.

162 Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics

 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Homework Practice

Select an Appropriate Display
Select an appropriate type of display for each situation. Justify
your reasoning.
1. the numbers of students who spend Sundays doing homework, visiting
with friends, and/or working circle graph; comparing part
to total

2. the number of each of four types of flowers found in a garden bar graph;
data in four groups

3. prices of scuba gear in a store arranged by intervals histogram;

data in intervals

4. the spread of times for boaters completing a yacht race histogram;

data in intervals

Select an appropriate type of display for each situation. Justify your reasoning.
Then construct the display. What can you conclude from your display?

5. Number of Miles of Gulf Coastline

State Miles Miles of Gulf Coastline
Alabama 53 AL
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

FL
Florida 770
LA
State

Louisiana 397 MS
Mississippi 44 TX

Texas 367 0
50 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
bar graph; individual bars Miles

for data; Florida, has the most miles of

coastline.

6. FLUTE Tobey practiced the flute for 15 minutes on 120

Monday. On Tuesday, he practiced 15 more minutes 105
than he did on Monday. On Wednesday, he 90
Minutes

practiced 15 more minutes than he did on 75

Tuesday. The pattern continued through 60
45
Saturday. line graph; data changes
30
over time; The number of minutes 15
Tobey practices increases by
15 minutes each day. 0 M T W Th F S
Day

Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics 163

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ PERIOD _________

Lesson 5 Problem-Solving Practice

Select an Appropriate Display
AGE For Exercises 1 and 2, use the following information. The table
shows the ages of people at a roller-skating rink.
Ages of People Roller Skating
Age Number of People
10 and under 19
11–20 22
21–30 14
31–40 7
1–6. Sample
answers given. over 40 6

1. Select an appropriate display for the 2. Construct the display.

data. Justify your reasoning. Ages of People Roller Skating
histogram because 28
24
the data are in intervals 20
Number
16
12
8
4
0
10 and 11– 21– 31– Over
under 20 30 40 40
Age

3. VEGETABLES A survey asked students 4. Construct the display in Exercise 3.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.
which vegetable they prefer. Of those
Favorite Vegetable
who responded, 17 said corn, 22 said 25
Number of Students

carrots, 9 said green beans, and 7 said 20

sweet potatoes. Select an appropriate 15

display for this data. 10

5
bar graph because the data are
0
in categories corn carrots green sweet
beans potatoes
Vegetable

5. TELEVISIONS The table shows the number 6. Construct the display in Exercise 5.
of televisions that were sold. Select an
Television Sales
appropriate display for this data.

Television Sales by Screen Size

Size (in.) Percent 
JO

20 10 
JO
27 39
42 36 
JO

JO
46 15
circle graph because each size
is a part of the total
164 Course 2 • Chapter 10 Statistics