Solution Of Triangles

CHAPTER 10 : SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES

10.1 SINE RULE

A

a b c
c b
 
sin A sin B sin C
a C
B

1. Find the length of AB in each of the following triangles.

Example: A
(a)
A AB 8
 7cm

sin 35 sin 60

8cm
45
B 60
8sin 35
60
35
AB  C

B
C
sin 60
 5.298cm
[8.573cm]

(b) C (c) A
7.5cm
10cm
40 28 110
35 B
A
C
B

[9.121cm] [20.016cm]

(d) B (e) A
A
105 6.8cm 100 B

32 7.5cm 50

C C

[7.955cm] [10.418cm]
 Solution Of Triangles

2. Find the angle A for each of the following triangles.

Example: (a)
C 8 7 C

8cm
sin A sin 36 10cm

8sin 36
7cm
8cm
A
36
sin A  85

B 7
A B
 0.6718
A  42.20

[52.84°]

(b) (c)
C
12.4cm B
8.2cm
A
10.2cm 6.5cm
76
C 52
B A

[52.95°] [83.78°]

(d) (e)
16cm A 16cm A
B B
110 125
9cm 12cm
C C

[31.92°] [37.91°]
(f) (g)
B C
B 40
8cm
5cm 7cm
48
C
10cm A
A

[62.11°] [78.86°]
 Solution Of Triangles

Obtuse Angle

Find the angle P for each of the following triangles, given that P is an obtuse angle)

Example (a)
R Q

13cm 14cm 32

7cm
30
Q
R
P 10cm
P

13 7

sin P sin 30
13sin 30
sin P 
7
 0.9286
P  117.79

[132.11°]
(b) (c)
Q R
P 11cm
27 26

8cm
Q
17cm 6cm
P
R

[105.26°] [126.52°]

(d) (e)
P Q
10cm
P
Q 32 5.6cm

12cm
8.8cm
R 46

[123.62°] [120.32°]
 Solution Of Triangles

10.2 Cosine Rule

A
a 2  b 2  c 2  2bc cos A
c
b b 2  a 2  c 2  2ac cos B
c 2  a 2  b 2  2ab cos C
B
a
C

4. Find the length of BC for each of the following triangles:

Example: (a)
A 7cm B
A
6cm 80 44
5cm

8cm
B C
C

BC  5  6  2(5)(6) cos80
2 2 2

 50.581
BC  7.112cm
[5.695cm]
(b) (c)
A
9cm A
7cm
60 100 9cm
B 8cm B
C
C

[8.544cm] [12.324cm]

(d) (e)
C B
5cm
A
125

6cm
7cm
120
B
A 6cm C

[11.269cm] [9.768cm]
 Solution Of Triangles

5. Find the angle B for each of the following triangles:

Example (a)
A
5cm
A 7cm
B B
6cm
6cm 5.2cm
5cm

C C

62  52  7 2  2(5)(7) cos B
36  25  49  70 cos B
70 cos B  38
cos B  0.5429
B  57.12 [72.03°]

(b) (c)
A A
8.2cm 8.6cm
B
C
5.8cm
5.6cm
6.4cm
10.2cm
C
B

[42.94°] [57.42°]

(d) (e)
A A
10.5cm
5cm
10.3cm B
5cm
11cm
C
B
C 9.6cm

[28.83°] [26.77°]
 Solution Of Triangles

10.3 Area of triangles

A
1
Area  ab sin C
c 2
b
1
 bc sin A
B 2
a
1
C  ac sin B
2
6. Find the area of the following triangles:
Example: (a)
5.2cm B B
C
52 105
6cm 7.4cm
C
A
6.8cm
A
1
Area   5.2  6.8sin 52
2
[21.444cm2]
 13.932cm2
(b) (c)
B B

6.2cm

10cm
48
C
110
5.8cm
C
A
12.2cm
2 A
[13.362cm ] [57.321cm2]
(d) (e)
A 12.5cm R
45 C

11cm
P 104 7.2cm
9.4cm
B Q

[48.614cm2] [32.835cm2]

(f) (g)
P R
12cm
R
P
7.5cm 125
65 6.8cm 10.5cm

[51.607cm2]
[23.111cm2]
 Solution Of Triangles

10.4 Problem Solving involving Sine Rule and Cosine Rule

Example:
S
Find (i) the length of PR
(ii) angle PSR
a ) PR 2  92  7 2  2(9)(7) cos88
P
42
R  125.603
PR  11.207cm
9cm 88 7cm
11.207 10
b) 
Q
sin PSR sin 42
11.207 sin 42
sin PSR 
10
PSR  48.58

(a)
P
Find (i) angle PRQ
(ii) the length of RS
7.2cm

4.2cm

Q 65
S
5.2cm R [(i) 99.43°
(ii) 2.620cm]

(b)
Find (i) angle ACD
A
(ii) the length of AB
65

B 8cm
7cm
C
9cm
[(i) 61.33°
D (ii)12.91cm]

(c) Find (i) angle BCA

A
(ii) the length of CD
8cm
10cm

30
C
[(i) 141.31°
B
(ii)12.49cm]
 Solution Of Triangles

(d)
Given the area of ∆ABD = 12cm2, calculate
A
(i) the length of BD
B
(ii) angle CBD

8cm 6cm
40

C
11cm
D

[(i) 6.223cm
(ii)100.58°]
(e)
P
Calculate (i) angle PSR
9.4cm
R
(ii) the length of PS
52 (iii) the area of ∆PQS

8cm

[(i) 112.19°
(ii)2.765cm
(iii)10.24cm2]

(f)
Find (i) angle RQS
6.5cm
R Q (ii) the length of PR
32
9cm 8cm

[ (i)47.20°
(ii)9.31cm]