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PSW Register in 8051 Microcontroller | Program Status
Word
2 Comments / By EFY / 21/05/2023
Flags are single bit register and used to store the result of certain function after
executing instruction. Flags are grouped inside PSW and PCON registers.
PSW register in 8051 microcontroller contains math flags and PCON contains general
user flags.
Math flags are grouped in PSW of microcontroller 8051 and they are Carry(C), Auxiliary
Carry (AC), Over flow (OV), and Parity (P). The general user flags are GF0 and GF1 which
are grouped in PCON register.
PSW Register in 8051
The PSW is accessible fully as an 8-bit register, with the address D0H.
The bit pattern of this flag register is
Figure 1: Format of PSW register in 8051 Microcontroller
Parity bit (P)
This parity flag bit is used to show the number of 1s in the accumulator only. If the
accumulator register contains an odd number of 1s, then this flag set to 1.
If accumulator contains even number of 1s, then this flag cleared to 0.
Overflow flag (OV)
This flag is set during ALU operations, to indicate overflow in the result. It is set to 1 if
there is a carry out of either the D7 bit or the D6 bit of the accumulator.
Overflow flag is set when arithmetic operations such as add and subtract result in
sign conflict.
The conditions under which the OV flag is set are as follows:
Positive + Positive = Negative
Negative + Negative = Positive
Positive – Negative = Negative
Negative – Positive = Positive
Register bank select bits (RS1 and RS0)
These two bits are used to select one of four register banks of RAM. By setting and
clearing these bits, registers R0-R7 are stored in one of four banks of RAM as follows.
RS1 RS0 Bank Selected Address of Registers
0 0 Bank 0 00h-07h
0 1 Bank 1 08h-0Fh
1 0 Bank 2 10h-17h
1 1 Bank 3 18h-1Fh
These bits are user-programmable. They can be set by the programmer to point to the
correct register banks.
The register bank selection in the programs can be changed using these two bits.
General-purpose flag (F0)
This is a user-programmable flag; the user can program and store any bit of his/her
choice in this flag, using the bit address.
Auxiliary carry flag (AC)
It is used in association with BCD arithmetic. This flag is set when there is a carry out
of the D3 bit of the accumulator.
Carry flag (CY)
This flag is used to indicate the carry generated after arithmetic operations. It can
also be used as an accumulator, to store one of the data bits for bit-related Boolean
instructions.
The 8051 supports bit manipulation instructions.
This means that in addition to the byte operations, bit operations can also be done using
bit data.
For this purpose, the contents of the PSW are bit-addressable.
Figure 2: Instructions that affect the flags in 8051 microcontroller
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2 thoughts on “PSW Register in 8051 Microcontroller | Program
Status Word”
SBGNIKI325877782
21/05/2023 AT 10:06 PM
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AUGUSTUSRECH838
21/05/2023 AT 9:08 PM
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Related Posts:
1. Assembler Directives in 8051 Microcontroller
2. Features of 8051 Microcontroller
3. Memory Organization of 8051 Microcontroller
4. Addressing Modes in 8051 Microcontroller
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