KERALA GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

WESTHILL, KOZHIKODE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING

2023-2024
SEMINAR REPORT

On

WIND ENERGY: A PRACTICAL POWER

ANALYSIS APPROACH

Submitted by

HARIPRASAD K
REG NO: 2101031277
 KERALA GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
WESTHILL, KOZHIKODE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING 2023-24

Certificate
This is to certify that this is the report of seminar titled WIND ENERGY: A
PRACTICAL POWER ANALYSIS APPROACH Submitted by
HARIPRASAD K Register No: 2101031277 During the academic year
2022-23 in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of diploma in
Electrical and Electronics Engineering from the board of technical Education,
Government of Kerala at Kerala Government Polytechnic College,
Kozhikode.

Head of Department Seminar co-ordinator

Sri. UNNIKRISHNAN P Sri. UNNIKRISHNAN P

EXTERNAL EXAMINER. INTERNAL EXAMINER

PLACE :- WESTHILL
DATE :-
KERALA GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
KOZHIKODE - 5

INSTITUION VISION AND MISSION

VISION:
“To be the best technical hub in the country, creating technicians of national
standards with excellent skills, knowledge and social commitments”

MISSION:

• To provide an excellent foundation for acquiring technical knowledge by

imparting quality education.
• To create congenial academic ambience that stimulates innovative
thinking.
• To equip the students with employability skills.
• To develop integrity through conduct, character, discipline and high value
system to meet the needs of industry and society
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT VISION AND MISSION

VISION:

"Be a center of excellence in Electrical and Electronics Engineering for the

sustainable development of the society"

MISSION:

• To provide quality technical skills to enter the labor market with

confidence.

• Transform knowledge to work for the socio-economic development.

• To meet the challenges in the field of Electrical and Electronics

Engineering through innovations and entrepreneurial programs.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

For me this is the opportunity to express thanks to all who have co-operated
with me to take my Seminar as success. First of all, it is to respected Principal,
Mr. SURESH KUMAR J S and Mr. UNNIKRISHNAN P HOD, Dept. of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering for their kind permission. I would also
like to express my gratitude to UNNIKRISHNAN P HOD, [Link] electrical
and electronics engineering and seminar co-ordinator [Link] P
lecturer in Dept. Of electrical and electronics engineering for their valuable
support and guidance. and all other staff members of the Electrical and
Electronics Engineering Department who have been source of inspiration to me.
I express my sincere thanks to all friends who co-operated with me for
presenting this seminar report
 DECLARATION

I declare that this seminar report titled “WIND ENERGY: A PRACTICAL

POWER ANALYSIS APPROACH ” For the fulfilment of the requirement for
the award of diploma in electrical and Electronics engineering under the
department of technical education is a record Work carried out by me under the
supervision of Sri. UNNIKRISHNAN P, Head of The Department of Electrical
and Electronics Engineering and [Link] P seminar co-ordinator
and lucturer in electrical and electronics engineering and it has not formed The
basis for the award of any other degree, diploma, or other titles in this or Any
other university or other institution of Higher Learning.

Place : Kozhikode HARIPRASAD K

Date :
 TABLE OF CONTENT

SL NO CONTENTS PAGE NO

1 ABSTRACT 01

2 INTRODUCTION 02

GLOBAL WIND POWER

3 03
PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT
DESIGN AND AND POWER
4 04
GENERATION

5 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 06

6 APPLICATIONS 07

7 METHODOLOGY 08

8 CONCLUSION 10

9 REFERENCE 11-12
 ABSTRACT

Wind energy is one of the fastest-growing green technologies as it provides

clean, safe, and renewable electricity generation. This study provides insights
into the available methodologies for sustainable power harnessing using wind
resources, scrutinizing the developments in the recent decades and the future
potential of global wind power industries. Contrasting and comparing the
expected Weibull distribution to the true frequency distribution of the actual
wind speed, this research proposes an empirical equation using Polynomial
Lasso Regression techniques over field data obtained from Turkey, for the
instantaneous active power generated by wind turbines in practical scenarios. A
detailed overview of the wind energy calculation and improvements is discussed
with the existing wind power production techniques. Finally, an optimal
analysis of wind power utilization in top Indian states, and inspection of
potential wind power applications is carried out with respect to the Indian
subcontinent.

1
 INTRODUCTION

A Practical Power Analysis Approach" is a comprehensive guide that delves

into the intricate workings of harnessing wind power for sustainable energy
generation. This book provides readers with a hands-on perspective, offering
practical insights and methodologies for optimizing the efficiency and output of
wind energy systems. With a focus on real-world applications and analytical
techniques, this resource is invaluable for engineers, researchers, and
enthusiasts seeking to advance their understanding and proficiency in the field
of wind [Link] energy represents a pivotal shift in our approach to
powering the world. Unlike conventional fossil fuels, which deplete over time
and contribute to environmental degradation, renewable energy sources are
naturally replenished and produce minimal to zero greenhouse gas emissions.
This paradigm encompasses a diverse range of technologies, including solar,
wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass energy. Embracing renewable
energy not only promises a sustainable and cleaner future but also fosters
innovation, economic growth, and energy independence. In this era of
environmental consciousness, understanding and harnessing the potential of
renewable energy sources is imperative for a more sustainable planet.
Wind energy is a renewable and sustainable power source harnessed from the
natural movement of air masses. It involves converting the kinetic energy of
wind into mechanical or electrical energy using wind turbines. This form of
energy has gained prominence as a clean and environmentally friendly
alternative to fossil fuels, contributing significantly to efforts aimed at reducing
carbon emissions and combating climate change. Wind power has seen
substantial growth in recent years, making it a key player in the global transition
towards a more sustainable energy future.

2
 GLOBAL WIND POWER PRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT
The global development of wind power production has experienced
substantial growth over the past few decades. As of my last training data in
early 2022, wind energy has become one of the fastest-growing sources of
renewable energy [Link] factors contributing to this growth include
Technological Advancements: Advances in wind turbine technology,
including larger and more efficient turbines, have significantly increased the
capacity and efficiency of wind farms.
Cost Reductions: The cost of producing wind energy has steadily decreased,
making it increasingly competitive with conventional fossil fuels.
Government Support and Policies: Many governments around the world
have implemented supportive policies, such as incentives, subsidies, and
renewable energy targets, to encourage the development of wind energy.
Environmental Concerns: The urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions and combat climate change has driven a shift towards cleaner
energy sources, including wind power.
Investment and Financing: Increased investments from both public and
private sectors have enabled the expansion of wind energy projects.
Resource Availability: Regions with consistent and strong wind resources,
both onshore and offshore, have been particularly conducive to the growth of
wind energy.
Grid Integration and Energy Storage: Improvements in grid infrastructure
and the development of energy storage technologies have facilitated the
integration of intermittent wind energy into existing power grids.
Public Awareness and Support: Growing public awareness and support for
renewable energy have played a role in shaping policies and driving demand
for wind power.
It's important to note that the development of wind power production
continues to evolve, and new trends and innovations are likely to emerge
beyond my last training data in early 2022. For the most current information,
I recommend consulting reputable sources or industry reports.

3
 DESIGN AND POWER GENERATION
The design of a windmill, specifically a modern wind turbine used for
electricity generation, involves several crucial components and
considerations:Blades: The blades are the most recognizable part of a windmill.
They capture the wind's energy and convert it into rotational motion. They're
typically made of materials like fiberglass or wood, and their shape is designed
for optimal aerodynamic efficiency.
 Rotor: This is the assembly that includes the blades and the hub they attach
to. The rotor is responsible for capturing the wind's energy.
 Hub: The hub is at the center of the rotor, and it connects the blades to the
main shaft. It must be sturdy and well-designed to withstand the forces
exerted by the wind.
 Nacelle: This is the housing that contains the gearbox, generator, and other
key components. It's mounted atop the tower and rotates to face the wind.
 Gearbox: The gearbox is used to increase the rotational speed of the blades,
allowing for more efficient energy generation. It's an important component
for modern wind turbines.
 Generator: The generator converts the rotational energy of the blades into
electrical energy. Different types of generators can be used, such as
induction generators or permanent magnet generators.
 Tower: The tower supports the nacelle and rotor. It's a critical element for
raising the windmill high enough to capture stronger and more consistent
winds.
 Yaw System: This mechanism allows the nacelle to turn and face the wind.
It's controlled by a wind sensor and a yaw drive system.
 Control Systems: These systems manage various functions like monitoring
wind speed, controlling the yaw system, adjusting the pitch of the blades,
and ensuring safe operation.
 Foundation: The foundation secures the tower to the ground. It needs to be
stable and strong enough to support the entire structure.
 Electrical Components: These include transformers, switchgear, and other
equipment to convert and distribute the electricity generated.

4
5
 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
The future of wind energy is promising, with continued advancements in
technology and infrastructure. Here are some potential developments:
 Next-generation wind technology: The Department of Energy's Wind
Energy Technologies Office (WETO) is researching ways to improve wind
turbine reliability, increase capacity factors, and reduce costs. Recent
projects include the development of longer, lighter rotor blades, taller
towers, more reliable drivetrains, and performance-optimizing control
systems
 Floating offshore wind turbines: Floating wind farms have enormous energy
potential and could unlock up to 2.8 terawatts of clean energy in the future,
more than double the country's current electricity demand. However, there
are significant challenges, including permitting, cost, and electricity
transmission constraints, as well as the need for updated infrastructure at
America's ports and massive ships that can tow and assemble the turbines at
sea.
 Airborne wind turbines: Engineers are in the early stages of creating
airborne wind turbines, which are either floated by a gas like helium or use
their own aerodynamics to stay high in the air, where wind is stronger.
These systems are being considered for offshore use, where it is expensive
and difficult to install conventional wind turbines on tall towers
 Increased workforce: The Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that the total
employment of wind turbine service technicians will increase by 44%
between now and 2031, making it the second-fastest-growing occupation
behind nurse practitioners. To continue increasing infrastructure at scale, the
wind power industry must equip the current workforce to handle growing
demand, onboard and integrate new technicians, and create workflows that
maximize productivity and lower costs
 Continued growth: The Wind Vision report shows that wind can be a viable
source of renewable electricity in all 50 states by 2050. Wind has the
potential to support over 600,000 jobs in manufacturing, installation,
maintenance, and supporting services by 2050.
Overall, the future of wind energy is bright, with continued advancements in
technology and infrastructure leading to increased efficiency, reliability, and
affordability.

6
 APPLICATIONS
 Electricity generation: Wind energy is used to generate electricity with the
help of wind turbines. Wind turbines consist of several components, such as
rotor, tower, generator, and control system, which work together to convert
the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical or electrical energy
 Water pumping: Wind energy is used to run pumps to draw water from the
ground through windmills. This application is particularly useful in rural
areas and remote villages where access to electricity is limited
 Grinding grains: Wind energy has been used to run flourmills to grind grains
like wheat and corn into flour
 Sailboats and transportation: Wind energy is used to propel sailboats in
rivers and seas, transporting men and materials from one place to another
 Wind pumps and battery charging: Wind energy can be used to charge
batteries, providing a renewable energy source for off-grid applications such
as homes, businesses, and community centers
 Large-scale wind power applications: In large-scale wind power projects,
wind speed and project size are crucial factors in developing cost-effective
wind energy projects
 Remote and isolated areas: Wind energy is particularly beneficial for remote
and isolated areas where access to the power grid is limited. It can be used
for stand-alone systems for homes and businesses, as well as for community
centers, schools, and health clinics
 Industrial applications: Wind energy has various applications in the
industrial sector, including water pumping, village electrification, and
remote station power system

7
 METHODOLOGY
The methodology for wind power production can be divided into several
stages, including design, optimization, and control.
A methodology for selecting wind turbines based on measurements of wind
conditions has been developed to optimize wind energy production. This
methodology considers the wind speed and project size to develop cost-
effective wind energy [Link] design and control: A methodology
for the optimal design and control of wind energy systems has been
proposed, considering simplifying assumptions. This methodology aims to
improve the efficiency and performance of wind energy [Link]
wind energy production in low wind speed regions: A methodology to
increase the efficiency of small wind turbines equipped with a magnet
synchronous machine has been proposed, with a case study application in
Iraq. This methodology aims to improve wind energy production in low
wind speed [Link] resources: A methodology for wind resource
assessment has been developed to determine the potential of wind energy
production in a given area. This methodology considers the wind speed,
direction, and variability to determine the feasibility of wind energy
[Link] turbine health monitoring: A methodology for wind turbine
health monitoring has been developed to detect damage in wind turbines.
This methodology uses output data to detect damage, and the excitation of
the wind turbine is provided by the wind
These methodologies demonstrate the ongoing research and development in
wind power production, aiming to improve efficiency, optimize
performance, and reduce costs. Wind power production is a complex process
that requires careful consideration of various factors, including wind
resources, turbine selection, and optimal design and control.

8
9
 CONCLUSION
Wind energy is a promising source of renewable energy that has the potential to
reduce carbon dioxide emissions and air pollution. The Weibull distribution is a
commonly used function to fit the wind speed frequency distribution, as it
provides a good approximation of the wind speed distribution. The
methodology for wind energy applications can be divided into several stages,
including design, optimization, and control. Ongoing research and development
in wind energy applications aim to improve efficiency, optimize performance,
and reduce costs.
However, the current R&D efforts for wind energy are insufficient to respond to
the energy challenges faced by the EU, and the risk is therefore of failure in
reaching the EU objectives for energy production from renewable sources. The
construction of the wind turbine is the most significant phase in terms of the
environmental impacts produced by wind energy, both for offshore wind power
plants and onshore wind power plants. The energy balance of wind energy is
very positive, and quite significant emissions reductions can be obtained by
producing electricity in wind farms instead of using conventional technologies
such as coal and natural gas combined cycle power plants.
Wind turbine technology has demonstrated the potential for contributing to the
energy needs of the United States. If the sites with acceptable wind
characteristics were fully utilized, they could contribute up to about 10 percent
of the nation's electrical energy needs. The limitation is based on utility system
stability issues rather than available site locations. The ultimate penetration
level will be driven by the cost of energy that is produced. In turn, this is
decided by the initial cost of the wind energy plant and the annual cost for
maintenance and operation.
In conclusion, wind energy is a promising source of renewable energy that has
the potential to contribute significantly to the world's energy needs. Ongoing
research and development in wind energy applications aim to improve
efficiency, optimize performance, and reduce costs, making wind energy an
increasingly attractive option for meeting the world's energy needs.

10
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