Text types are distinguished from one another based on their purpose,
their structure, and recurrent language features.
Learning Task: Text Structure
Directions: Analyze the given examples.
Then, cite your own set of examples for each text type.
You may refer to online sources. Attach URLs.
Describe how ideas are developed.
TEXT TYPE STRUCTURE OR IDEA DEVELOPMENT
1. Narrative
-Presents events in chronological order or
causal relationship
-Uses the pyramidal structure from exposition,
rising action, climax, falling action and
denouement.
2. Explanatory
3. Expository
4. Procedural
5. Recount
a. Factual Recount
b. Personal Recount
6. Persuasive
Example 1. Narrative
Friendship Detour
by Clarit, Tresh
Aga’s fun afternoon was replaced with sadness. The moment he checked his timeline
on Facebook, Bobby was the topic. Aga was shocked that his best friend, Bobby died.
Five hours earlier, they ate chicken barbecue and enjoyed the view of their favorite
beach resort. After that, they proceeded to a nearby restaurant and ordered the best-
selling halo-halo. They saw other friends enjoying their meals, too. Aga just decided to
go home to rest for the next day’s trip. They both got into their motorbikes. That was the
last time Aga saw him.
Example 2. Explanation
Why Sleep is Important
Sleep is like food for your brain. Getting enough sleep is important for your physical and
mental wellbeing. Sleep lets your mind recharge and process information. It’s the only
part of the day that your body gets to rest and repair. Sleep can also help you feel
better, think more clearly, and concentrate better. It gives you energy to complete tasks
and can make you more alert. Without enough sleep you may have problems with
thinking, concentrating, memory, reaction times and mood.
Source:
Why Sleep is Important. Kids Helpline. Retrieved from
[Link]
Example 3. Expository text
There are several characteristics which distinguish plants from animals. Green plants
are able to manufacture their own food from substances in the environment. This
process is known as photosynthesis. In contrast, animals, including man, get their food
either directly from plants or indirectly by eating animals which have eaten plants. Plants
are generally stationary. Animals, on the other hand, can usually move about. In
external appearance, plants are usually green. They grow in a branching fashion at their
extremities, and their growth continues throughout their lives. Animals, however, are
very diverse in their external appearance. Their growth pattern is not limited to their
extremities. It is evenly distributed and only occurs in a definite time period. Therefore,
the differences between plants and animals is quite significant.
Source:
Academic Skills Office (ASO) – Fact Sheets Retrieved from
[Link]
Example 4. Procedural Text
How to wash your hands
Below is the seven-step handwashing technique endorsed by the CDC and World
Health Organization (WHO):
Steps to washing your hands properly
Wet your hands with clean — preferably running — water.
Apply enough soap to cover all surfaces of your hands and wrists.
Lather and rub your hands together briskly and thoroughly. Make sure to scrub all
surfaces of your hands, fingertips, fingernails, and wrists.
Scrub your hands and wrists for at least 20 seconds.
Rinse your hands and wrists under clean — preferably running — water.
Dry your hands and wrists with a clean towel, or let them air-dry.
Use a towel to turn off the faucet.
Source: How to Wash Your Hands.
Retrieved from [Link] handwashing#handwashing-steps
Example 5. Personal Recount
Memories Last a Lifetime
by Clarit, Tresh
My family used to visit my grandparents’ farm in the province. I had all the first-
time experiences such as: riding on a carabao, climbing fruit trees, swimming in the
river and pounding pinipig rice. I could not forget also how my mother cooked her
special bibingka or rice cake for us. I felt that life in the farm was fun. It made me realize
that happiness cannot only be found at the city but also in the countryside.
Source:
Retrieved from
Example 6. Factual recount
Footsteps in the Moon
by Clarit, Tresh
Riding in a spacecraft named Apollo 11, Neil Armstrong and company were
determined to reach the moon. On July 20, 1969, they successfully made it. “One giant
leap for mankind!” the historical line exclaimed by Neil Armstrong. This has been a
tough challenge to an astronaut’s mission that brought success to his nation. Such
honor made him noteworthy. Carrying his nation’s flag placed on the moon’s surface
was a victory.
Source:
Retrieved from
Example 7. Persuasive text
Treshella White Beauty Soap
by Clarit, Tresh
Using “Treshella White Beauty Soap” truly gives an amazing effect. It makes your skin
look smooth and silky white. It contains glutathione and Vitamin C. Hurry! Grab this
product from stores nationwide and experience young-looking skin like no other.
Source:
Retrieved from
