ALGEBRA

1 Here are the first four patterns in a sequence made using grey tiles and white tiles.

Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3 Pattern 4

(a) Complete the table for the first five patterns in this sequence.

Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5
Number of grey tiles 6 10 14
Number of white tiles 2 8 18
Total number of tiles 8 18 32 [2]

(b) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of grey tiles in Pattern n. [2]

(c) Pattern k has 98 grey tiles. Find k. [2]

(d) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of white tiles in Pattern n. [2]

(e) Find the total number of tiles in Pattern 20. [2]

2 (a) Apples cost $x per kilogram and oranges cost $y per kilogram.
The total cost of 5 kg of apples and 10 kg of oranges is $40.

(i) Show that x + 2y = 8. [1]

(ii) The total cost of 4 kg of apples and 3 kg of oranges is $19.

Use simultaneous equations to find the cost of 1 kilogram of apples and of 1 kilogram of
oranges.
Show your working. [4]

(b) Solve - 8 1 4 (x - 3) 1 7. [3]

4 2
(c) Solve + = 1.
x - 1 2x + 3
Show all your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [6]
3 Lara and Marco each cycle 50 km on a cycle trail.
Lara cycles at an average speed of x km/h.
Marco cycles at an average speed of (x - 3) km/h.

(a) Write down an expression for the time, in hours, Lara takes to complete the trail. [1]

(b) Marco takes 15 minutes longer than Lara to complete the trail.

Hence form an equation and show that it simplifies to x 2 - 3x - 600 = 0. [4]

(c) Solve the equation x 2 - 3x - 600 = 0 .

Show your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

(d) Find the time Marco takes to complete the trail.

Give your answer in hours and minutes, correct to the nearest minute. [2]

4 (a) Kate thinks of a number, n.

She subtracts 8 from the number and multiplies the result by 3.
The answer is 11 less than the number she thought of.

Form an equation in n and solve it to find Kate’s number. [4]

(b) Write as a single fraction in its simplest form.

x 2 - 4 x 2 + 2x
' [3]
2 4

5 Solve.

5x 2 + 3x - 6 = 0

Show all your working and give your answers correct to 3 significant figures. [3]

3x + 5 NOT TO
SCALE
2x

The diagram shows a right-angled triangle, with dimensions given in centimetres.

(i) Show that 5x 2 + 30x - 39 = 0. [3]

(ii) Solve the equation 5x 2 + 30x - 39 = 0.

Show your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

(iii) Calculate the area of the triangle. [2]

1
67 (a) Solve 3x - 8 = 7.

(b) Solve the inequality 7x 1 3 (2 - x).

[2]

[2]

3 x [4]
(c) Solve + = 1.
x-2 x + 5

2x 2 + 3x + 4xy + 6y
(d) Simplify . [4]
2x 2 + 11x + 12

8 Here are the first three patterns in a sequence made from counters.

Pattern 1 Pattern 2 Pattern 3

(i) Complete the table for the patterns in this sequence.

Pattern number 1 2 3 4 5
Number of counters 8 12 16 [1]

(ii) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of counters in Pattern n. [2]

(iii) Jamal has 150 counters.

He uses these counters to make the largest pattern possible, Pattern p.

Find the value of p. [2]

9 (a) The mass of 4 cards and 3 envelopes is 85 g.

The mass of 2 cards and 5 envelopes is 67 g.

Form a pair of simultaneous equations and solve them to find the mass of one card and the mass of
one envelope. [4]

(b) Factorise x 2 - 25 . [1]

2t
(c) Rearrange the formula r = to make t the subject. [3]
t-5

(d) Express as a single fraction in its simplest form.

4 3 [3]
-
x - 5 2x + 1
10 Solve the equation 5x 2 + 3x - 1 = 0 .
Show all your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

11 (a) Solve the equation 2x 2 = 3 (8 - x).

Show all your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [4]

(b) h is inversely proportional to the cube of g.

h = 4.5 when g = 2.

(i) Find the formula for h in terms of g. [2]

32
(ii) Find the value of g when h = 3 . [2]

1121 (a) Solve the inequality 6x - 7 2 5 - 2x . [2]

(b) Chen buys 4 notebooks and 3 pens for $17.50 .

Liu buys 2 notebooks and 5 pens for $14.

Form a pair of simultaneous equations and solve them to find the cost of a notebook and the cost
of a pen.
Show your working. [4]

x 3
(c) (i) Show that - = 4 can be rearranged to 3x 2 - 4x - 34 = 0. [3]
x+2 x-5

(ii) Solve the equation 3x 2 - 4x - 34 = 0.

Show your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

13 (a) Gita has n stamps.

Ravi has twice as many stamps as Gita.
Sanjay has 7 fewer stamps than Ravi.

Altogether, the three children have 108 stamps.

Form an equation in n and solve it to find the number of stamps Sanjay has. [3]

6t 2 v 3 3t 2
(b) Simplify ' 2. [2]
5 v

x 2 - 16
(c) Simplify 2 . [3]
3x + 10x - 8
 MARK SCHEME

1(a) 18 22 2 B for one row or column correct

32 50
50 72

1(b) 4n + 2 oe final answer 2 B for 4n + k oe seen

1(c) 24 2 M for their (4k + 2) = 98

1(d) 2n2 oe final answer 2 B for answer kn2 + …. , k ≠ 0 or

second difference = 4 soi

1(e) 882 2 M for 2×202 + 4×20 + 2 oe or

n = 20 substituted into their(b) + their(d) oe

2(a)(i) 5x + 10y = 40 leading to 1

x + 2y = 8

2(a)(ii) 4x + 3y = 19 B1

Correct method to eliminate one M1

variable

x = 2.8[0] A2 A1 for either x = 2.8[0] or y = 2.6[0] nfww

y = 2.6[0]
cao After A0 scored, SC1 for a pair of values that
satisfy either correct equation or for correct
answers with no working or with incorrect

2(b) 3 3 3
1<x< 4 oe final answer B2 for 1 < x or x < 4
4 4

8 7
or M1 for  […] x – 3 […] or better or
4 4
–8 + 12 […] 4x […] 7 + 12 or better

2(c) 2x2 – 9x – 13 [= 0] B3 4(2 x  3)  2( x 1)

B2 for [=1] or better
(2x  3)( x 1)
or B1 for 4(2x + 3) + 2(x – 1) oe or
for (2x + 3)(x – 1) or better

(9)  (9) 2  4  2  13 B2 FT their 3-term quadratic

oe B1FT for (9) 2  4  2  13 oe
2 2
  9  (9)  their discriminant
2
 (9)   13  or for
or     
2 2  2 2   2  2 2
2
 9 
or for  x 
 2  2 

5.65 and –1.15 B1

3(a) 50 1
or 50x–1 final answer
x

3(b) 50 50 15 M2 50
− = oe B1 for soi
x − 3 x 60 x −3

60  50x − 60  50 ( x − 3) = 15x ( x − 3) M1 DEP on previous M2

oe or FT elimination of fractions or use of common
denominator
60×50x − 60  50 ( x − 3) 15x ( x − 3)
=
60 x ( x − 3) 60 x ( x − 3)
oe

Correct expansion of brackets A1 A0 if any errors or omissions

and rearrangement to
x 2 − 3x − 600 = 0

3(c)
− ( −3)  ( −3)2 − 4 1 −600 B2
B1 for ( −3)2 − 4  1 −600 oe
2 1 − ( −3)  their2409
oe or or for oe
2
2 1
− ( −3 )  ( −3 )   −3 
2
   − ( −600 ) oe or for  x + 
2  2   2 

26.04 and –23.04 B1

3(d) 2 [hours] 10 [minutes] cao 2 50

M1 for substitution of their positive root into
x −3
50
or + 0.25 oe
x
or B1 for final answer 1 [hour] 55 [minutes]

4(a) 3 ( n − 8 ) = n −11 oe B2 B1 for 3 ( n − 8 ) oe or n − 11 soi

[n =] 6.5 oe nfww B2 M1 for correct rearrangement of their four-term

equation to isolate n
3n − n = −11 + 24
2 35
SC1 for answer 11 or or 11.66 to 11.7
3 3

4(b) 2 ( x − 2) 2x − 4 4 3 B1 for ( x + 2 ) ( x − 2 ) seen

or or 2 –
x x x
final answer B1 for x ( x + 2 ) seen

5 −3  32 − 4  5  −6 B2 B1 for 32 − 45 −6 oe
oe
25
−3  theirdiscriminant
or or for
25
2 2
−3  3  −6  3 
   − or for  x + 
25  25  5  2 5 

0.836 and –1.44 B1

6(i) 2
82 + ( 2 x ) = ( 3 x + 5 )
2 M1

9 x 2 + 15 x + 15x + 25 B1 Expansion of brackets

64 + 4 x 2 = 9 x 2 + 15x + 15x + 25 A1
leading to 5 x 2 + 30 x − 39 = 0

6(ii) −30 ± 302 − 4 × 5× −39 B2 B1 for 302 − 4 × 5 × −39 oe

oe or
2×5 −30 ± their 1680
2
or for oe
−30  30  −39 2×5
±   − oe 2
10  10  5  30 
or  x +  oe
 10 

1.10 and –7.10 B1

6(iii) 8.78 to 8.8[0] 2 1

M1 for × 8 × 2 × their 1.10
2

7(a) 5 2 8 7
M1 for 3x = 7 + 8 or better or x − =
3 3

7(b) 3 2 7
x< oe final answer M1 for 7x + 3x […] 6 or x + x [...] 2
5 3

7(c) 25 1 4 M2 for 3(x + 5) + x(x – 2) = (x – 2)(x + 5)

or 12 or 12.5
2 2 3 ( x + 5) + x ( x − 2 )
or =1
( x + 5)( x − 2 )
or M1 for 3(x + 5) + x(x – 2)
or denominator (x – 2)(x + 5) soi

M1 for 3x + 15 + x2 – 2x = x2 – 2x + 5x – 10

7(d) x + 2y 4 B2 for ( x + 2 y ) ( 2 x + 3)
final answer
x+4 or B1 for one correct partial factorisation
seen
AND
B1 for ( 2 x + 3) ( x + 4 )

8(i) 20 24 1 Both correct

8(ii) 4n + 4 oe final answer 2 B1 for 4n + k oe seen

8(iii) 36 2 M1 for their (4p + 4) = 150 soi

 9(a) 4c + 3e = 85 oe B1
2c + 5e = 67 oe

Correct method to eliminate one M1 FT their equations

variable

[Card = ] 16 A2 A1 for either c = 16 or e = 7

[Envelope = ] 7 If A0 scored, SC1FT for a pair of positive
final answer values that satisfy either equation or for
correct answers with no working

9(b) ( x + 5) ( x − 5) nfww final answer 1

9(c) 5r −5r 3 rt − 5r
or final answer B1 for rt – 5r = 2t or =t
r−2 2−r 2
M1 for isolation of terms in t
M1 for factorising and completing to t =
Maximum 2 marks if final answer not correct

9(d) 5 x +19 5 x + 19 3 B1 for 4 ( 2 x + 1) − 3 ( x − 5 ) oe isw

or
( x − 5 )( 2 x + 1) 2x2 − 9x − 5
final answer B1 for denominator ( x − 5 ) ( 2 x +1) oe isw

10 −3 ± 32 − 4 × 5× −1 B2 B1 for 32 − 4 × 5 × − 1
2×5 −3 ± p
or for
2×5

0.24, –0.84 B1

11(a) 2x2 + 3x – 24 = 0 oe B1

−3 ± 32 − 4 × 2 × −24 B2 FT their 3-term quadratic

2× 2 B1FT for 32 − 4 × 2 × −24
−3 ± p
or for
2× 2

2.79, –4.29 B1

11(b)(i) 36 2 k
M1 for h = oe or [k =] 4.5 × 23
g3 g 3

11(b)(ii) 1.5 oe 2 their 36 × 3

M1 for g 3 = oe
32
 12(a) x > 1.5 oe final answer 2 M1 for 6x + 2x > 5 + 7 or better
After 0 scored, SC1 for answer […]1.5 oe

12(b) 4n + 3p = 17.5[0] B1
2n + 5p = 14

Correct method to eliminate one M1 FT their equations

variable

n = 3.25 A2 A1 for either n = 3.25 or p = 1.5[0]

p = 1.5[0] Or after A0, SC1 for a pair of values that
satisfy either equation or for correct answers
with no working

12(c)(i) x ( x − 5) − 3( x + 2 ) M1 Use of common denominator

[= 4]
( x + 2 )( x − 5)
x2 – 5x – 3x – 6 = 4x2 + 8x – 20x – 40 or M1 Correct elimination of fractions and
better expansion of brackets

Correct completion to 3x2 – 4x – 34 = 0 A1 A0 if any errors or omissions in working

AG

12(c)(ii) B2
− ( −4 ) ± ( −4 )2 − 4 × 3 × −34 B1 for ( −4 )2 − 4 × 3× −34 or for
2×3 − ( −4 ) ± their 424
2 106 2×3
or ±
3 9 2
 2
or for 3  x −  oe
 3

4.1[0], –2.77 B1

13(a) n + 2n + 2n – 7 = 108 oe B1

39 B2 M1FT for correct solution of their linear

equation of form f(n) = 108
M1FT for answer (2 × their n) – 7

13(b) 2v5 2 2 5
final answer B1 for final answer with two of ,v
5 5
and t0
2v 5
or seen
5

13(c) x−4 3 B1 for (x + 4)(x – 4) seen

final answer nfww B1 for (3x – 2)(x + 4) seen
3x − 2