ASSIGNMENT (GN BERMAN)

FUNCTION (DOMAIN AND RANGE)

Find the domains of definition of the following functions (1 – 112) ?

1. y  2x  x 2
Sol. y  2x  x 2
Domain defined when 2x – x2  0

 x2 – 2x  0
 x(x – 2)  0
+ – +
0 2
hence , x  [0, 2]

2. y  x 1 x 1
Sol. y  x 1 x 1
y  (x  1)(x  1)
Domain defined when (x – 1) (x + 1)  0
+ – +
–1 1
hence , x  ( – , – 1]  [1, )

3. y  x 1  6  x
Sol. y  x 1  6  x
x  1 defined when x –1 0
x  [1, ) ....(i)
6  x defined when 6 – x  0
x –60
x  (– , 6) ....(ii)
domain of y (i)  (ii)
x [1, 6]

4. y  x 2  5x  6
Sol. y  x 2  5x  6
domain of y defined when x2 – 5x + 6  0
(x – 3) (x – 2)  0
+ – +
2 3
hence, x  ( – , 2]  [3, )
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5. y
5 x
x 3
Sol. Domain of y defined when 0
5x
x 3
 0
x 5
+ – +
–3 5
hence , x  [– 3, 5)

6. f (x)  2  x  1  x
Sol. f (x)  2  x  1  x
2  x is defined when 2–x0
x–20
x (– , 2] ....(i)
1  x is defined when 1+x0
x–1
x  [– 1, ) ....(ii)
Domain of f(x), (i)  (ii)
hence , x  [– 1, 2]

7. y  4x 2  4x  3
Sol. Domain of y defined when – 4x2 + 4x + 3  0
 4x2 – 4x – 3  0
 4x2 – 6x + 2x – 3  0
 (2x + 1) (2x – 3)  0
+ – +
–1/2 3/2
 1 3
hence , x   – , 
 2 2

8. y  6  7x  3x 2

Sol. y  6  7x  3x 2
Domain of y defined when 6 + 7x – 3x2  0
 3x2 – 7x – 6  0
 3x2 – 9x + 2x – 6  0
 3x(x – 3) + 2(x – 3)  0
 (3x + 2) (x – 3)  0
+ – +
–2/3 3
 2 
 x   , 3
3 
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9. y  2 x
x 1
1
Sol. y  2 x
x 1
1
defined when x–10x1
x 1
x  R – {1} ....(i)
2  x defined when 2 + x  0
x [– 2, ) ....(ii)
Domain of y (i)  (ii)
hence, x [– 2, 1)  (1, )

1
10. y 2
2x  5x  3
1
Sol. Domain of y defined when 2
0
2x  5x  3
+ – + 1
 0
–1/2 3/2 (2x  1) (x  3)

 
hence, x   – ,     3,  
 2

11. f (x)  4x  x 3
Sol. Domain of f(x) defined when 4x – x3  0
 x3 – 4x  0
 x(x2 – 4)  0
 x(x +2)(x – 2)  0
– + – +
–2 0 2
 x (– , – 2] [0, 2]

12. f (x)  3x  x 3
Sol. Domain of f(x) defined when 3x – x3  0
 x3 – 3x  0
 x(x2 – 3)  0
  
x x 3 x– 3  0 
– + – +
–3 0 3


hence , x  – , – 3   0, 3 

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13. y 3
x x2
1 1
Sol. y 
x  x  2 (x  1) (x 2  x  2)
3

Domain of y defined when x  1

hence , x R – {1}

4  3x  x 2
14. y
x4
Sol. 4  3x  x 2 defined when 4 – 3x – x2  0
 x2 + 3x – 4  0
 (x + 4) (x – 1)  0
x  [– 4, 1]
2
y defined when 4 – 3x – x  0 and x + 4  0
So, Domain of y is (– 4, 1]

3x  7
15. y 6
x 1  2

3x  7
Sol. y 6
x 1  2
y defined when 3x – 7  0 and 6
x 1  2  0
7
x and x + 1  26 = 64
3
x  63
7 
hence , x   , 63    63,  
3 

12  x  x 2
16. f (x) 
x(x  2)

12  x  x 2
Sol. f (x) 
x(x  2)
f(x) defined when 12 + x – x2  0 and x(x – 2)  0
 x2 – x – 12  0 and x  0, 2
 (x – 4) (x + 3)  0
x [– 3, 4] and x  0, 2
So,Domain = [– 3, 0) (0, 2) (2, 4]

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17. y  5 x 
x

6
Sol. y  5 x 
x
6
Domain of y defined when 5  x  0
x

5x  x 2  6
 0
x

x 2  5x  6
 0
x
(x  3) (x  2)
 0
x
– + – +
0 2 3
 x  (– , 0)  [2, 3]

18. f (x)  x 2  x  20  6  x

Sol. f (x)  x 2  x  20  6  x
Domain of f(x) defined when x2 – x – 20  0 and 6 – x  0
 (x + 4) (x – 5)  0 and x  6
+ – +
–4 5
 x  (– , – 4)  [5, 6)

x2  x  6
19. f (x) 
x2  4

x2  x  6
Sol. f (x) 
x2  4
Domain of f(x) defined when x2 + x – 6  0 and x2 – 4  0
(x + 3) (x – 2)  0 x  – 2, 2
+ – +
–3 2
 x  (– , – 3) (2, )

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 x  12  x 2
20. y
x2  9
Sol. Domain of y defined when x + 12 – x2  0 and x2 – 9  0
 x2 – x – 12  0 and x  ± 3
 (x – 4) (x + 3)  0
+ – +
–3 4
 x  (– 3, 3)  (3, 4]

4 x 2
 1 1
21. y  
 2 x 1
Sol. Domain of y defined when 4 – x2  0 and x – 1  0
 x2 – 4  0
 (x – 2) (x + 2)  0 and x  1
+ – +
–2 2
 x  [– 2, 1)  (1, 2]

17  15x  2x 2
22. y
x3
Sol. y defined when 17 – 15x – 2x2  0 and x + 3  0
2x2 + 15x – 17  0 and x  – 3
 (2x + 17) (x – 1)  0
+ – +
–17/2 1
 17 
 x   – , – 3    – 3,1
 2 

7x
23. y
4x 2  19x  12

7x
Sol. y
2
4x  19x  12
y is defined when 7 – x  0 and 4x2 – 19x + 12 > 0
x  7 and 4x2 – 16x – 3x + 12 > 0
(4x – 3) (x – 4) > 0

+ – +
0 3/4 4 7
 3
 x   – ,    4, 7 
 4
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 x 2  7x  12
24. y
x 2  2x  3
Sol. y is defined when
x 2  7x  12
0
x 2  2x  3
(x– 4) (x– 3)
 0
(x– 3) (x  1)
(x  4)
 0
(x  1)
+ – +
–1 4
x  (– , –1)   4,  

x 2  5x  6
25. y
x 2  6x  8

x 2  5x  6
Sol. Domain of y defined when 0
x 2  6x  8
(x  3) (x  2)
 0
(x  4) (x  2)
+ – + – +
–4 –2 2 3
 x  (– , – 4)  (–2, 2]  [3,  )

26. y  x  x 2  3x  x 2  2
Sol. y  x  x 2  3x  x 2  2
Domain of y defined when x – x2  0 and 3x – x2 – 2  0
 x2 – x  0 and x2 – 3x2 + 2  0
 x(x – 1)  0 and (x – 2) (x – 1)  0
x [0, 1] and x [1, 2]
 x {1}

1
27. y  x 2  x  20 
2
x  5x  14
Sol. Domain of y defined when x2 – x – 20  0 and x2 – 5x – 14 > 0
 (x – 5) (x + 4)  0 and (x – 7) (x + 2) > 0
 x  (– , – 4]  [5, ) and x  (– , – 2 )  (7, )
 x  (– , – 4]  (7,  )

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28. y  x 2  x  20
2
14  5x  x
1
Sol. y  x 2  x  20
2
14  5x  x
Domain of y defined when 14 + 5x – x2  0 and x2 – x – 20  0
x2 – 5x – 14  0 and (x – 5) (x + 4)  0
 (x – 7) (x – 2) < 0 and (x – 5) (x + 4)  0
 x  (– 2, 7) and x  (– , – 4]  [5,  )
 x  [5, 7)

x 4  3x 2  x  7
29. y 1
x 4  2x 2  1

x 4 – 3x 2  x  7
Sol. Domain of y defined when –1  0
x 4 – 2x 2  1
 x2  x  6
 0
x 4  2x 2  1
x2 – x – 6
 4 0
x  2x 2  1
(x  3) (x  2)
 0
(x 2  1)2
x  [– 2, 3] – {1, – 1}

1
30. f (x) 
sin x  cos 4 x
4

1
Sol. f (x) 
sin x  cos 4 x
4

1 1 2
f (x)   2

1  2sin x cos 2 x
2
sin 2x 2 – sin 2 2x
1
2
Range of sin22x  [0, 1]
f(x) is defined for all value of x so x  R

31. f (x) = arcsin 3x

Sol. f (x)  sin 1 3x
f(x) is defined when 1  3x  1
so x  (, 0]

171
32. f (x)  (sin x  cos x) 2  1

Sol. f (x)  (sin x  cos x) 2  1

f (x)  sin 2 x  cos 2 x  2sin x cos x  1

f (x)  sin 2x  1  1

f (x)  sin 2x
for sin 2x  0
2x  [2n, (2n +1)]
so, domain will be x [n, (2n + 1)/2]

1
cos x 
33. y 2
6  35x  6x 2

1
Sol. D1 is given by cos x 
2

 5
 0x ....1st quad. or   2 ....4th quad.,  = 3.142
3 3
D2 = 6 + 35x – 6x2 > 0 or 6x2 – 35x – 6 < 0
(6x +1) (x – 6) < 0  – 1/6 < x < 6
 D1 D2 = [0, /3] [5/3, 6]

log3 (x 2  1)
34. y
sin 2 x  sin x  0.25
Sol. Given function is y = log3(x2 + 1) (sin2x – sin x + 0.25)
Wkt, x2 > 0 which implies that x2 + 1 > = 1.
So, the expression in the numerator of the given function
(i.e. log3(x2 + 1)) is always defined for all real values of x.

1
35. y
3  log 3 (x  3)
Sol. y is defind when 3 – log3(x – 3)  0 and x – 3 > 0
3  log3(x – 3) and x > 3
27  x – 3
x  30
domain x  (3, 30)  (30, )

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36. y
log(9  x)

x5
Sol. y
log(9  x)
y is defined when x + 5  0, log (9 – x)  0, 9 – x > 0
x–5 9 – x  1, 9>x
Domain (y) = [– 5, 8) (8, 9) x8

3log 64 x  1
37. f (x)  3
2x  11

3log 64 x  1
Sol. f (x)  3
2x  11
y is defined when 3 log x – 1  0 and 2x – 11  0, 3
2x  11  0
11 11
3 log64 x  1, x  x
2 2
x3  43
x4
 11   11 
domain (y) =  4,    ,  
 2 2 

x2
38. y  log 2
x2
x2
Sol. y  log 2
x2
x2
y is defined when 0
x2
+ – +
–2 2

Domain (y) = (– , – 2) (2, )

x3
39. f (x)  log
x 1
x3
Sol. y is defined when 0
x 1
+ – +
–2 2

Domain (y) = (– , – 3) (–1, )

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40. y  log(x  1)
Sol. y  log(x  1)
y is defined when log(x + 1)  0 and x + 1 > 0
x+11
x  0 and x > – 1
Domain (y) = [0, )

x 2  8x  7
41. y  log .
x2  7
x 2  8x  7
Sol. y  log
x2  7
x 2  8x  7
y is defined when 0
x2  7
 x  7) (x  1)
 0
x2  7  0
+ – +
–7 –1

Domain (y) = (– , – 7)  (– 1, )

42. y  1  x  log  x  1 .
Sol. y  1  x  log  x  1
y is defined when 1– x  0 and x + 1 > 0
1  x anx x > – 1
Domain of y = (– 1, 1]

43. y  x  1  log 1  x  .
Sol. y  x  1  log 1  x 
y is defined when x + 1  0 and 1 – x > 0
x  – 1 and 1 > x
Domain of y = [– 1, 1)

44. y = log ((x2 – 3x) (x + 5)).

Sol. y = log [(x2 – 3x) (x + 5)]
for y to be real and defined.
(x2 – 3x) (x + 5) > 0
x(x – 3) (x + 5) > 0
x(x – 3) (x + 5) is > 0 between – 5 and 0 and after 3
Therefore, domain of y is x (– 5, 0) (3, ).

174
45. y  4x  x 2  log 3 (x  2).

Sol. f (x)  4x  x 2  a
Domain : – 4x – x2  0
x(x – 4)  0
x  [0, 4] ....(i)
and x  2  0
x  (2,  ) ....(ii)
Form equation (i) & (ii)
domain of y is (2,4]

46. y  x 2  4x  5  log(x  1).

Sol. y  x 2  4x  5  log(x  1)
y is defined when x2 + 4x – 5  0 and x + 1 > 0
(x + 5) (x – 1)  0 and x > – 1
+ – +
–5 1
domain of y = [1, )

47. f (x)  log(5x 2  8x  4)  x  1.

Sol. log (5x2 – 8x – 4)
5x2 – 8x – 4 > 0
(x – 2)(5x + 2) > 0

 2 
x   – ,   (2, )
 5 
and
x+3>0
x>–3
Taking intersection, we get
x  (2, )

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48. y  x 2  4x  5  log(x  5).
Sol. y is defind when x 2  4 x  5  0 and x + 5 >0
 (x  5)( x 1)  0 and x > 5
 x  ( , 5)  [1, ) and x > 5
hence domain of y is [1,  )

log(3  2x  x 2 )
49. y
x
log(3  2x  x 2 )
Sol. y
x
For y to be real and defined. x must be > 0  x (0, )
3 – 2x – x2 > 0
 x2 + 2x – 3 < 0
(x + 3) (x – 1) < 0
Thererfore, x  (– 3, 1)
Domain of y is x  (0, 1)

3 x
50. y  log .
x
3 x
Sol. y  log
x
3 x 3 x
y is defined when log 0 and 0
x x
3 x x 3
1 and 0
x x
3 x + – +
1  0
x 0 3
3  2x
 0 x  (0, 3)
x
2x  3
 0
x
+ – +
0 3/2
x  (0, 3/2]
domain of y = (0, 3/2]

176
 1  2x
51. y  log .
x3

1  2x
Sol. y  log
x3
1  2x 1  2x
y is defined when log 0 and 0
x 3 x 3
1  2x 2x  1
1 and 0
x 3 x3
12x + – +
 1  0
x 3 –3 1/2
 3x  2  1
 0 x    3,  ....(ii)
x3  2
3x  2
 0
x3
+ – +
–3 –2/3
x  (– 3, – 2/3] ....(i)
equation (i) & (ii)
domain of y = (– 3, – 2/3]

52. f (x)  4 x  x  log(x  2).

Sol. f (x)  4 x  x  log(x  2)

f(x) is defined when x – | x |  0 and x+2>0
x|x| x>–2

y = |x|

x
y=

x  [0, ) ....(i) x (– 2, ) ....(i)

from equation (i) & (ii)
x [0, )

177
 x 2  5x  6
53. y
log(x  10) 2

x 2  5x  6
Sol. y
log(x  10) 2
y is defined when x2 – 5x + 6  and log (x +10)2 0
(x – 3) (x – 2)  0 (x + 10)2  1
x  (– , 2]  [3, ) ....(i) x  11, – 11, – 9, 9 ....(ii)
from equation (i) & (ii)
domain of y = (– , – 11) (– 11, –10) (– 10, – 9) (– 9, 2]  [3, )

log x
54. y .
2
x  2x  63
Sol. For log x
x>0
x2 – 2x – 63 > 0
(x – 9) (x + 7) > 0
x (– , – 7) (9, )
Taking intersection, we get
x (9, )

5x  x 2
55. y  log .
4

5x  x 2
Sol. y  log
4

5x  x 2 5x  x 2
y is defined when log 0 and 0
4 4
5x  x 2 x 2  5x
1 and 0
4 4
x 2  5x
 1
4
x 2  5x  4
1 and x  (0, 5) ....(ii)
4
(x  4) (x  1)
 1
4
 x  [1, 4] ....(i)
from (i) & (ii)
Domain y = [1, 4]

178
56. y  (x 2  3x  10) log 2 (x  3).
Sol. The value of (x  3) should be greater than 0 since it is operated by log,
 x  (3, ) -----(i)
(x 2  3x  10) log 2 (x  3)  0 (since, any value under root is either greater than or equal to 0)
 x 2  3x  10  0 (since log2(x – 3)will always be positive or 0 )
 x  (, 2]  [5,  ) ......(ii)
Taking intersection of (i) and (ii), Doamin of the function is [5, )

57. f (x)  log(1  4  x 2 ).

Sol. y  log (1  4  x 2 )

 2
y is defined when 1  4  x  0  and 4 –x2  0

1  4 – x2 x2  4
 1 > 4 – x2 x  [–2, 2] ....(ii)
 x2 > 3
x (– , – 3)  ( 3, ) ....(i)
from equation (i) & (ii)
domain of y  [– 2, – 3)  ( 3, 2]

58. y  log(5x 2  8x  4)  (x  3)0.5 .

Sol. log(5x 2  8x  4)
5x 2  8x  4  0
(x  2)(5x  2)  0

 2 
x   ,   (2, )
 5 
And
x 3  0
x  3
Taking intersection, we get
 2 
x   3,   (2,  )
 5 

179
 1  5x
59. y .
7x  7
Sol. For f(x) to be defined (i) 1  5x  0  1  5x  x  0
and 7  x  7  0
 x  1
 x  (, 1)
Or (ii) 1  5x  0  x  0
& 7  x  7  0  x  1
 x  [0,  )
Thus domain is x  (, 1)  [0,  )

60. y  4x  x 2  log(x 2  1).

Sol. y is defind when 4 x  x 2  0 and x 2  1  0
 x  [0, 4] and x  (, 1)  (1, )
hence domain of y is (1,4]

4x
61. y  1  log(x  1)  .
x2
4x
Sol. y  1  log(x  1) 
x2
4x
y is defined 1 – log (x – 1)  0 and 0
x2
x4
also x – 1 > 0, 1  log (x – 1) , 0
x2
x4
x > 1 ...(i) 10  x – 1 0
x2
11  x ....(ii) x  (– 2, 4] ....(iii)
from equation (i), (ii) & (iii)
domain of y = (1, 4]

180
 x 1
62. y  log 0.3 .
x5
x 1 x 1
Sol. log 0.3  0 and 0
x 5 x 5
x 1
  1 and x  (, 5)  (1, )
x5
x 1 x  5
 0 .....(ii)
x5
6
 0
x 5
x  [5,  ] .....(i)
From (i) & (ii)
x  [1, ]

63. y  log 0.4 (x  x 2 )

Sol. y is defined when log 0.4 (x  x 2 )  0 and x  x 2  0
x  x2  1
 x 2  x  1  0 and x(x  1)  0
xR and x  (0,1)
hence, domian is x  (0,1)

64. y  log 0.3 (x 2  5x  7).

Sol. y is defined when log 0.3 (x 2  5x  7)  0 and x 2  5x  7  0
x 2  5x  7  1 and always positive D < 0
x 2  5x  6  0
(x  3)(x  2)  0
x  [2,3]

65. y  log 0.5 (x 2  9)  4

Sol. y is defined when log0.5 (x2  9)  4  0 and  x 2  9   0

4
2 1
 x 9    , x2  3
2
 x2  25
 5  x  5 x  ( , 3)  (3, )
D(y)  [5, 3]  (3,5)

181
 x 1 1
66. y  log 0.4  2 .
x  5 x  36
x 1 x 1
Sol. y is defined when log 0.4  0, 0 , x 2  36  0
x5 x5
x 1
  0, x  (, 5)
x 5
.6
  0, (1, ) x  6 ....(iii)
x 5
x  [5, )
from (i) & (ii) (iii) domain x  (1, 6)  (6, )

1
67. f (x)  log 0.5 ( x 2  x  6)  2
.
x  2x
1
Sol. f (x)  log 0.5 (  x 2  x  6)  2
x  2x
f(x) is defined when
log 0.5 (  x 2  x  6)  0,  x 2  x  6  0, x 2  2x  0
x 2  x  5  0, x 2  x  6  0 x  0, 2

1  21
x , (x  3)(x  2)  0
2

x   ,

1  21    1  21 
,   ....(i),
 x  ( 2,3) .....(ii)
 2   2 
 

From (i) & (ii)

x 

 , 
1  21    1  21 
,  
Domain 
 2   2 
 

 log 0.3 (x  1)
68. y .
 x 2  2x  8
Sol. y is defined when x  1  0,  x 2  2x  8  0,  log 0.3 (x  1)  0
x  0, x 2  2x  8  0, (x  1)  1
(x  4)(x  2)  0 x2
x  ( 2, 4)
intersection then x  [2, 4)

182
69. f (x)  16x  x 5  log 1 (x 2  1).
2

Sol. f(x) is defined when 16x  x 5  0 and x 2  1

x(x 4  16)  0 and x  (, 1)  (1, ) ...(ii)
 x(x 2  4)(x 2  4)  0
 x(x 2  4)  0
 x(x  2)(x  2)  0

 x  ( , 2]  [0, 2] ....(i)

from equation (i) & (ii)
x  ( , 2]  (1, 2]

x
70. y  log 1 2
.
2
x 1
x x
Sol. y is defined when log 1 x 2  1  0, x 2  1  0
2

x
2
1
x 1
x  x2 1 x
 2
 0, 0
x 1 (x  1)(x  1)
  1  5   1  5 
 x   ,      ,   ....(i) and x 2  x  1  0, x  (1, 0)  (1, 0) ....(ii)
 2  2
     
from (i) and (ii)
1  5  1  5 
x , 0    ,  
 2   2 

3x 2 18x  29
71. f (x)  4 x 3
 26x 17 .
3x 2 18 x  29
Sol. f(x) is defined when 4 x 3
 2 6 x 17  0
6x 2  36x  58
 2 x 3
 26x 17
6x 2  36x  58
  6x  17
x 3
x7
 0
x 3
 x  (, 7]  (3, )

183
72. y  log 0.5 (3x  8)  log 0.5 (x 2  4).
3x  8
Sol. y  log 0.5
x2  4
3x  8
log 0.5 2 0
x 4
As the base is less than 1
3x  8 8
0 2 1 x 
x 4 3
also, 3x  8  x  4
2

x 2  3x  4  0  x  R
8 
Taking intersection , we get x   ,  
3 

73. f (x)  4x  x 3  log(x 2  1).

Sol. f(x) is defined when 4x  x 3  0, x 2  1  0
x(x 2  4)  0, x 2  1
 x(x  2)(x  2)  0 .....(i) and x  (  , 1)  (1,  ) ...(ii)
 x  (, 2]  [0, 2]
hence ,domain is x  ( , 2]  (1, 2]

1
74. y 4 log 4 16  log8 (x 2  4x  3).
2
Sol. log 8  x 2  4x  3

 x 2  4x  3  0
 (x  3)(x  1)  0
 x  ( ,1)  (3,  )
and to define square root,
1
log 4 16  log 8 (x 2  4x  3)  0
2
2
 log 4 4  log8 (x 2  4x  3)  0
2
 1  log 8 (x 2  4x  3)  0

  x 2  4x  3   8

 x 2  4x  5  0
 (x  5)(x  1)  0
 x  ( 1, 5)
Taking intersection of both sets, we get,
 x  [ 1,1)  (3,5]
184
  2 x  1
75. f (x)  log 4  2  4 x 
 x  2 

4 2 x 1
Sol. y is defind when 2  x   0 and x > 0
x 2
 2 x  4  4 x3  2 4 x  2 x 1  0
 3  4 x3  2 4 x  0
Let  4 x  a, 3  a 3  2a  0
 a 3  2a  3  0
 (a  1)(a 2  a  3)  0
 a 1
 4 x 1 x 1
hence , domian = ( 0 , 1)

3x  4 x
76. y .
2x 2  x  8

3x  4 x
Sol. 2 0
2x  x  8
Case I 3x  4 x  0  2x 2  x  8  0
x
 3  1  65   1  65 
   1  x   ,   ,  
 4  4   4 

 1  65   1  65 
x  0  x   ,   ,  
 4   4 

 1  65 
 x   ,  .....(1)
 4 

Case II 3x  4 x  0  2x 2  x  8  0
 1  65 1  65 
x  0  x   , 
 4 4 

 1  65 
 x   0,  .....(2)
 4 

 1  65   1  65 
hence , domain =  ,   0, 
 4   4 
185
   6  
77. f (x)  log 2   log 1 1  4   2 .
 2
 x 

  6  
Sol. y  log 2  – log 1 1  4  – 2 
 2  x 

 6
y is defind when log1 1 4  2  0  x  0  x  0
2 x

 6 
 log 1 1  4   2
2  x
2
6 1 6
 1 4     1 4  4
x 2 x
6
 4
 3  4 x  2  x  16
x
hence ,domian is (0,16)

6x  x 2  5
78. y .
5x  2  1

6x  x 2  5
Sol. y
5x  2  1
y os defined when 6x  x 2  5  0 and 5x  2  1  0
 x 2  6x  5  0 and 5x  2  50
 (x  5)(x  1)  0 and x  2  0
 x  [1,5] and x  2
hence, domain of y is [1, 2)  (2,5]

x
79. y .
2
x  5x  6
x
Sol. y
x 2  5x  6
y is defined when x 2  5x  6  0
 (x  3)(x  2)  0
 x   , 2    3,  

186
80. y   x 2  2x  3  log 3 (x  1)

Sol. y   x 2  2x  3  log 3 (x  1)
y is defined when  x 2  2x  3  0 and x  1  0
 x 2  2x  3  0
 (x  3)(x  1)  0

 x   1,3 and x  1,  

Hence, domain x  (1,3]

x
81. y  log – x – 3.
x–2
x
Sol. y  log – x–3
x–2
x
y is defined when  0 and x  3  0
x2
 x  (, 0)  (2, ) and  x  [3,  )
Hence, domain of y is  x  [3,  )

x 2 – 2x
82. f (x)  .
log 5 (x –1)

x 2 – 2x
Sol. f (x) 
log 5 (x –1)

f(x) is defined when x 2  2x  0 and log 5 (x  1)  0, x  1  0

 x(x  2)  0 and x  1  1, x  1
 x  ( , 0]  [2, ) x  2
Hence, domain f(x) is (2, )

83. f (x) = log2x–5 (x2 – 3x – 10).

Sol. f (x) = log2x–5 (x2 – 3x – 10)
f(x) is defined when x 2  3x  10  0 and 2x  5  1
 (x  5)(x  2)  0 x3
 x  ( , 2)  (5, )
Hence, domain is (5,  )

187
 2
6 (x –2)
84. f (x)  4x  8 3 – 52 – 22(x –1) .
2
Sol. f(x) is defined when 4x  8 3 (x  2)  52  22(x 1)  0

 22 x  22 x  4  22 x  2  52
 1 1
 22 x 1     52
 16 4 
 22 x  64  26  2 x  6
hence ,domian is [3,  )

1
 2 – f ' (x)  2 where f (x)  1 x 3 – 3 x 2 – 2x  3 .
85. y  log1.7  ,
 x  1  3 2 2
1
 2  (x 2  3x  2)  2
Sol. y  log1.7  
 x 1 
1
 4  3x  x 2  2
y  log1.7  
 x 1 

4  3x  x 2
y is defined when 0
x 1
x 2  3x  4
 0
x 1
(x  4)(x  1)
 0
(x  1)
 (x  4)  0 and x  1
Domain of y is x  ( , 1)  ( 1, 4)

log 0.3 | x – 2 |
86. y .
|x|

log 0.3 x  2
Sol. y is defined when  0 and x  0, x  2  0
x

 x  2 1 and x  ( , 2)  (2,  ) ....(ii)

 1  x  2  1
 1 x  3 .....(i)
Equation (i) & (ii)
x  (1, 2)  (2,3]

188
87. y  6 x  x 2 – 2x 3 .

Sol. y  6 x  x 2 – 2x 3

y is defined when x  x 2  2x 3  0

 x(x  1  2x 2 )  0

 2(2x 2  x  1)  0

 x(2x 2  2x  x  1)  0

 x(2x  1)(x  1)  0
– + – +
– 21 0 1

 1
Domain (y)   ,    (0,1)
 2

x
88. y x–4–  log (39 – x).
x –5

x
Sol. y x–4–  log (39 – x)
x –5
y is defined when x  4  0, x  5  0, 39  x  0
x  4 , x  5 ,39  x
x  [4, 5)  (5,39)

89. y = log (1 – log (x2 – 5x + 16)).

Sol. y is defined when 1  log  x 2  5x  16   0 and x 2  5x  16  0

1  log  x 2  5x  16  D  0 x  R ...(ii)
 10  x 2  5x  16
 x 2  5x  6  0
 (x  3)(x  2)  0
x  (2,3) ...(i)
from equation (i) & (ii)
x  (2,3)

189
  3x –1 
90. y  log 0.5  – log 2 .
 3x  2 
3x  1 3x  1
Sol. y is defined when  log  0 and 0
3x  2 3x  2

 1
3x  1 x  
log 2 0 and  3
 0
3x  2  2
x  
 3

3x  1  2 1 
 1 and x   ,     ,   ....(ii)
3x  2  3 3 
(3x  1)  (3x  2)
 0
3x  2
3
 0
3x  2
3
 0
3x  2
 2 
x   , ....(i)
 3 
from equation (i) & (ii)
1 
domain   ,  
3 

91. y  log log x – log (4 – log x) – log 3.

Sol. y is defined when log(log x)  log(4  log x)  log 3  0, log x  0
4  log x  0, x  0
log x
 log  0, x  1, 4  log x, x0
(4  log x)3
log x
  1, x  1, 104  x, x  0
12  3log x
Case (i) 12  3log3  0
log x  12  3log x
 log x  3
 log  103
and (ii) 3log x  12  x  104
Hence domain [103 ,104 ]

190
92. y  log x –2 (x 2 – 8x  15) .

Sol. y  log x –2 (x 2 – 8x  15)

y is defined when log x  2  x 2  8x  15   0, x  2  1 and x 2  8x  15  0

 x 2  8x  15  1, x  3 and (x  5)(x  3)  0
 x 2  8x  14  0

 
 x  4 2 x   4  2   0, x  3
x   ,3   5,  

Hence, domain of y is  4  2,3   4  2,   

93. y  log  8–2 log x – 3 42–log x 
Sol. y  log  8–2 log x – 3 42–log x 
y is defined when 82log x  3 42log x  0
2  log x 3 2  log x 2
 8   4 
 863log x  44 2log x
1 3log x 1
 6
8  44  2log x
8 4
 83log x  4 2log x  44  86
 3log x  6 and 2 log x  4
 log x  2 and log x  2
 x  102 x  102
domain (100, )

2 log x  1
94. y  log100x .
–x
2 log x  1
Sol. y is defined when  0, 100x  1, x  0
x
2 log x  1 1
  0, x , x0
x 100

 x   0,101/ 2  , x  102

Hence, domain x   0,10   10 ,10 

2 2 1/ 2

191
   1  
95. y  log 2  – log 1 1  4  –1 .
 2
 x 

  1  
Sol. y  log 2  – log 1 1  4  –1
 2  x 

 1
y is defind when log1 1 4  1 0  x  0 x  0
2 x

 1 
 log 1 1  4   1
2  x
1
1 1 1
 1 4     1 4  2
x 2 x
1
 4
1 4 x 1 x 1
x
hence , domian is (0,1)

96. y = log|x| – 4 2.
Sol. y = log|x| – 4 2
y is defiend when x  5 and x 4
x  5, 5 x  4, 4
domain x  (, 5)  (5, 4)  (4, 5)  (5, )

97. y  sin x  16 – x 2 .
Sol. y  sin x  16 – x 2
y is defined when sin  0 and 16  x 2  0
x  [ 4, ] and x 2  16
[0, ] x  [4, 4]
.....(i) .....(ii)
from equation (i) & (ii)
x  [ 4, ]  [0, ]

98. y = log (log2 x – 5 log x + 6)

Sol. y = log (log2 x – 5 log x + 6)
y is defined when log 2 x  5log x  6  0
 (log x  3)(log x  2)  0
 log x  (, 2)  (3, )
 x  (0,102 )  (103 , )
192
 x 1
99. y  log 1
2
3x  5

x 1 x 1
Sol. y is defined when log 1 3x  5  0 and 0
2 3x  5

x 1  5 
 1 and x   ,   (1, )
3x  5  3 

2x  6
 0 .....(i)
3x  5
x 3
 0
3x  5
 5 
 x   , 3   ,   .....(ii)
 3 
for equation (i) & (ii)
 5
x   ,    (1, )
 3

100. y  log sin(x  3)  16  x 2

Sol. y is defined when sin(x  3)  0,16  x 2  0
, x 2  16
x  9[ 4, 4] ...(i)

 n  x  3   2n  1
2

 n  3  x  3  (2n  1) ...(ii)
2
From equation (i) & (ii)
domain y is (3  2,3  )  (3, 4]

log x
101. y
2
x  2x  63
Sol. y is defined when x  0 and x 2  2x  63  0
(x  9)(x  7)  0
 x  (0, )  x  (, 7)  (9, )
....(i) .....(ii)
from equation (i) & (ii)
x  (9, )
193
 x3
102. y  arcsin  log(4  x)
2
x3
Sol. y  arcsin  log(4  x)
2
x 3
y is defined when 1  1 and 4x  0
2
 2  x  3  2 and x4
 1 x  5
hence, domain x  [1, 4)

3  2x
103. y  3  x  arcsin
5
3  2x
Sol. y  3  x  arcsin
5
3  2x
y is defined when 3  x  0 and 1  1
5
x3 and 5  3  2x  5
 x  ( ,3] and 5  2x  3  5
....(i) and 1  x  4
x  [1, 4] .....(ii)
from equation (i) & (ii)
x  [1,3]

x 2  2x  3
log(0.5  x )
4x 2  4x 3
104. y  (x  0.5)
x 2  2x  3
log(0.5  x )
4x 2  4x 3
Sol. y  (x  0.5)

x 2  2x  3
y 2
4x  4x  3
2 1
y is defined when 4x  4x  3  0, x 
2
 4x 2  6x  2x  3  0
(2x  1)(2x  3)  0
1 3
x ,
2 2
 1 1 3 
so domain  R   , , 
2 2 2

194
 2 log x  2
105. y  log100x
x
2 log x  2
Sol. y  log100x
x
2 log x  2
y is defined when 100x  1 ,  0, x  0
x
2 log x  2
x  10 2 , 0
x
so, domain (0,102 )  (102 ,101 )

2x  1
106. y  arccos
2 2x
2x  1
Sol. y  arccos
2 2x
2x  1
y is defind when 1   1 , x  0 and x > 0
2 2x
 2 2x  2x  1  2 2x
 2 2x  2x  1 and 2x  1 2 2x
 4x2  4x 1  0 and 4x2  4x 1  0
1
inequality hold when 4x 2  4x  1  0  x =
2
hence , D(y)  {1/ 2}

2
107. y  arccos
2  sin x
2
Sol. y  arccos ,
2  sin x
2
1  1
2  sin x

 2  sin x  2 and 2  2  sin x

 sin x  4,  sin x  0
This verifies for all x  x   2n, (2n  1)
hence , D(y)  {[2n, (2n  1)] | n  z}

195
108. y  3sin x  1
Sol. y is defined when 3sin x  1  0
1
sinx 
3

 1 1 
 x  2n  sin 1 ;  2n  1   sin 1  ,n  z 
 3 3 

x
109. y  2sin
2
Sol. y is defind when
x
2 sin 0
2
x
sin 0
2


x   4n, 2  2n  1  | n  z 
1
110. y
4 cos x  1
Sol. 4 cos x  1  0
1
cos x  
4
 1  1 
 x   (2n  1)   cos 1   , (2n  1)   cos 1   
 4  4 

111. y  2 cos 2 x  3cos x  1

Sol. y  2 cos 2
x  3cos x  1
let cosx = P

then, y   2P 2
 3P  1

 2P  1 P  1  0
1/ 2  P  1
domain of function,
1/ 2  cos x  1
2n   / 3  x  2n   / 3

196
112. y  sin 2 x  sin x
Sol. y is defind when sin 2 x  sin x  0
sin 2 x  sin x
 sin x(sin x  1)  0

 sin 2 x  sin x when x  (4n  1) 2 , n  z

 sin 2 x  sin x when x  [(2n  1) , 2(n  1)]

hence, domain D(y)  {(4n  1) / 2 | n  z}  {[ (2m  1), 2(m  1)] | m  z}

Find the domains of definition and the ranges of the following functions (113 – 120).

x
113. y
|x|
x
Sol. y
|x|
Domain of y is R –{0}


1, x  0
Range of y  1, x  0 
Range  {1, 1}

114. f (x)  x  x 2
Sol. f (x)  x  x 2
f(x) is defined when x  x 2  0
 x2  x  0
 x(x  1)  0
x  [0,1]

 1 1
f (x)  1 x 2  x   
 4 4
2
1  1
f (x)  x  
4  2

1 1
max. value when x   f (x) 
2 2
 1
Hance,range is 0, 
 2

197
115. y  3x 2  4x  5
Sol. y  3x 2  4x  5
y is defined when 3x 2  4x  5  0
always greater then equal to zero because
D>0
2
 2  4
y   3x    5
 3 3

2
 2  11
y   3x    3
 3

2 11
Least value when x  y
3 3

 11 
hence, range is  3 ,  
 

116. y = log (3x2 – 4x + 5)

Sol. y = log (3x2 – 4x + 5)
y is defined when 3x 2  4x  5  0 is always positive because D < 0, so domain of y is R.
2
 2  11 
y  lof  3x    3
 3 

 11 
Hence, range is log ,  
 3 

117. y = log (5x2 – 8x + 4)

Sol. y = log (5x2 – 8x + 4)
y is defined when 5x 2  8x  4  0 is always positive because D > 0, so domain of y is R
2
 4  16 
y  log  5x    5  4
 5 
2
 4  4 
y  log  5x    
 5  5 

 4 
Hance, range is log ,  
 5 

198
118. f (x)  x  1  2 3  x
Sol. f (x)  x  1  2 3  x
f (x) is defined when x  1  0 and 3  x  0
x  1 and 3  x
 x  [1, 3]

1 1
y' 2 (  1)
2 x 1 2 3x

3  x 1 x 1
y'  0  0
4 (x  1)(3  x)

3  x  2 x 1
 3  x  4(x  1)  4x  4
7
x
5
7
Put x  , y  10 max
5
Put x  3, y  2 min

Range   2, 10 

sin x  cos x  3 2
119. f (x)  log 2
2

sin x  cos x  3 2
Sol. f (x)  log 2
2

sin x  cos x  3 2
Doamin when 0
2
 sin x  cos x  3 2  0
 sin x  cos x  3 2
 2  sin x  cos x  2
so, x  R
 
for any, f (x)  log 2 sin 1    3
 4
 
 1  sin  x    1
 4

199
  
Put sin  x    1  f (x)  1
 4

 
Put sin  x    1  f (x)  2
 4
hence, range = [1,2]

120. f (x)  2  x  1  x
Sol. f (x)  2  x  1  x
f(x) is defined when 2  x  0 and 1 x  0
x  2 and x  1

 x  [1, 2]
for range y  2  x  1  x

y 2  2  x  1  x  2 (2  x)(1  x)

y 2  3  2 (x 2  x  2)
2 2
3  1
y2  3  2     x  
2  2

 3
y 2  3  2 0, 
 2
y 2  3  [0,3]
y 2  [3, 6]

200