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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
89 views18 pagesWeek 4 Pre Calculus 4th Quarter
My precalculus modules
Uploaded by
gorembalemarby075Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
11
Pre-Calculus
Quarter 2 - Module 8:
Trigonometric Equations &) What I Need to Know
‘This module was designed and written with you in mind, It is here to help you
master the trigonometric equations. The scope of this module permits it to be used
in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using,
‘The module is comprised of the following lessons:
+ Solving Trigonometric Equations
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. solve trigonometric equations
(STEM_PC11T-IIh-i-1);
2. solve situational problems involving trigonometric equations.
(STEM_PC1IT-IL-1-2); @) What I Know
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a.
separate sheet of paper.
1
What value of x will satisfy the trigonometric equation sin x = —
vo an
How many possible solutions does sin?x + sinx — 6 = 0.
a0 8
bl 4. infinite
. All are possible solutions of 2sin®x + sin®x —2sinx —
b.F ay
. What value of x is true to all 3 trigonometric equations:
cosx, 2sin8x + sin?x —2sinx—1 = 0 and 2cos*x + cos x = 0
c
a.
Cos 2x = sinx has an equivalent equation of
a. (sinx ~ 1)(sinx + 1) . (sinx + 2)(sinx + 1)
b. (sinx + 2)(2sinx +1) d. (2sinx — 1)(sinx +1)
Secx = 2 has a complete solution of.
a. 24 km), 2+ k(n) 2+ kn), = + kn)
b. B+ k@m), S+ kc) a.F+ kn), = + kao
If 1(0) is the current (in amperes) in an alternating current circuit at
time ¢ (in seconds), find the smallest exact value of t for which 1(¢) = k
if 1(© = 20 sin(6Ont — 6rr) and k = -10.
: 10
9360 ° 360
2 a
“<0 300
One of the following choices is a solution of the trigonometric equation
2tanx— sec? x=0, Which one is it?
»
ager
o[gels 9. What should be added to a solution of trigonometric equations that
involves two-period interval?
a. k(2n) ©. 2n)
b. k(n) . k(2)
10. What should be added to a solution of trigonometric equations
that involves one-period interval?
a. kn) c. (2m)
b. k(n) 4. k(2)
Matching Type. Match the trigonometric equation in column A with one of its
solutions on Column B. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
11. 2cos 2x — V3 = a, ME + kG)
12, sin(x +2) =3 b. F+k@)
13. sin(2x—2 i ce. k(2n)
14, tan?x =1
15. (cosx — 1)(sinx +1) = 0 ec. F+ km)
£ S45 Solving Trigonometric
Equation
Any equation that involves trigonometric expressions is called a
trigonometric equation. To “solve an equation” means to find all the
solutions of the equation
In this module you will be learning how to solve trigonometric
equations and solve situational problems that involves trigonometric
equations.
& What’s In
Recall the table of trigonometric values of special angles in the unit
circle, trigonometric identities and formulas. These will help you answers
problems involving trigonometric equations
Angles 0) ©] = | x] | an | an | se | on | Je a | an | se | 7 | aim] on
in S/F 3/2) a)a|e eo FT Pl/y) Fle
Radian
angles | 0 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 90 | 120 180 210 | 225 | 240 | 270 360
Degree
Sin o| 1 1] a afo) a4) 4 1 o
z z|ai? 2
cos 1) ° 1} va} | ve) ° 1
Zz va | a “ze
tn |ol ala | we ai/-1]_2]} 0/4] 1 | wlun}ie]-1]_1] 0
BG wa el wa
UD. Undefined
‘TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
RECIPROCAL IDENTITIES PYTHAGOREAN IDENTITIES
sin?x + cos?x =1
cscx =
sin?x = 1-cos*x
1
secx cos?x = 1 —sin?x
1__cosx 1+ tan*x = sectx
cotx
tanx sinx
scx
1+ cot?x ‘TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
DOUBLE-ANGLE IDENTITIES
2tanx
sin2x = 2sinx cosx = —
Ty tantx
cos2x = cos? x ~ sin? x
= 2cos? x
QUOTIENT IDENTITIES
sinx
tanx =
CO-FUNCTION IDENTITIES
sin (E-2) = cosx
cos(%—x) =sinx
cot(% 2) = tanx
tan (B=) = cote
exc (Bx) =seex
see(B—x) = sex
HALF-ANGLE IDENTITIES
x_, [t-cosx
x_, [Lteosx
wnt
x_, [l-cosx _sinx
tan
aca “T
\T=cosx Tr cose
SUM IDENTITIES
sin (x+y) = sinxcosy + cosxsiny
cos (x + y) = cos x cosy —sinxesin y
tanx +tany
tanxtany
tan (x + y)
DIFFERENCE IDENTITIES
sin (xy) = sinx cosy —cosxsiny
cos (x—y) = cosxcosy +sinxsiny
tanx—tany
tan (x— y) = SEEDY
OD = Tytanztany
EVEN-ODD IDENTITIES
cot (-x) =~ cotx 4 What’s New
Many animal populations, such as that of rabbits, fluctuate over ten-
year cycles. Suppose that the number of rabbits at time t (in years) is given
by
®
N(@) = 1000c0s¢ + 4000
Question:
For what value values of t does the rabbit population exceed 4500
when 0 are x
& (in Q2)
> Any angle that is co terminal with 2 or & will also be a solution of the
equation.
Because the period of sine and cosine function is 2rt, the complete
solution of the equation are
ZakQn) and x=%
£ (this is in QL
and
v
x= = 4 k(2m), for all
er k: Example 2. Solve the equation 3 tanx — 3 = 0.
Solution:
atane—3=0 Given
dane =3 Add 9 to both sides
wane 23 Divide both sides with 9
tne =1 equivalent equation
retan't Solve for x
xt Using the table of trigonometric
values or solving with scientific
calculator in radian
Note:
> Tangent function is a one-period interval so the complete
solution for this trigonometric equation is
x=24 k(a) , for all integer k.
A.2. equations with two or more terms
Example 3. Solve the equation 2cosxtanx = 2cosx.
Solution:
2eos xtanx = 2cosx Given
2cosxtanx~ 2cosx = 0 Add ~2c0sx on both sides
2eos x (tanx- 1) = 0 Factors
Zoos = 0 (anx-1) =0 Solve each factor
cosx = 0 tanx=1
cos10
Using the table of trigo values
or solving with scientific
calculator in radian
Solutions:
x= T4k(Qn),x=
+kQm, x= E +k) Example 4. Solve for x € [0,2n) + sin2x = sinx
Solution
sin 2x = sinx
sin2x—sinx =0
2sinxcos x sinx =0
sinx(2cosx — 1) =0
sing =0 2eosx—1=0
sin? 0 2cos. 1
0,x=m,x=20 cosx =!
Solutions:
0, ms 2m, 5,3!
Example 5. Solve for x € [0,2n) + 2cos*x = 1 + sinz.
Solution
2eostx = 1 +sinx
2(1 = sin?x) = 1 + sinx
2-sin?x-1—sinx=0
0
~2sin?x —sinx +1
2sin?x + sinx—1=0
(2sinx—1)(sinx +1) =0
(@sinx—1) =
2sinx = 1
Solutions: %, 8, ©
Given
Add —sinx on both sides
Sine Double-angle Identity
Factor
Given
Pythagorean Identity
Dison; Add —1-sinx an both ses
Combine like terms
Divide/Maipty both ses by =1
Factoring Quadratic
Solve each Factor
Values from Trigo table or by
using a scientific calculator Example 6. Solve: sin?x + Scos?#
Solution:
sin?x + Seos*= =2
site + 522%) =2
@ [pints +s C229) = 2@)
2sin?x + 5(1 + cosx) = 4
2sin?x +5 + Scosx—4=0
2(1—cos*x) + Scosx +1 =0
2-2cos*x + Scosx +1 =0
—2cos*x + Scosx +3 =0
2cos*x — Scosx —3=0
eos + (cosa 3) =0
(2oosx +1
0 (cosx—3
2cos x
no solution
Solutions: x=24k@n), x= E+ k@n), kee
B. SOLVING SITUATIONAL PROBLEM INVOLING TRIGONOMETRIC
EQUATIONS
Example 7. A weight is suspended from a spring and vibrating vertically according
to the equation
F(O = 200s ($+(-9).
where f(t) centimetres is the directed distance of the weight form the central
position at ¢ seconds, and the positive distance means above its central position,
(1) At what time is the displacement of the weight 5 cm below its central
position for the first time?
(2) For what values of ¢ does the weight reach its farthest point below its
central position? Solution;
(1) We find the least positive value of t such that (®) = 5
405
200s #n(e-2)) =
(: (: 3)
(-3)
a
There are two families of solutions in this equation.
> cos($x(e-9)=-4
(6-9) 04
(ix(e- +kQ2n), Kez
(gx $+ ken)
Yo
3" 5
1
|
a
+ k(n)
1
celal en
In this family of solutions, the least positive value of t
happens when k = 0 and this is
+ (0)(2m)
589
5 +k(2n), kez
k(n) 5 2m— cos
(=3+ +
Here, the least positive value of t happens when k = —1 and this is
5 2n—cos
(—1)(2:
nhs +CD@n
= 0.1078.
(2) The minimum value f(®) happens when and only when the minimum
value of cos$n(t—) is reached, The minimum value of cost (t—£) is -
1, which implies that the farthest point the weight can reach below its
central position is 20 cm. Thus, we need to solve for all values of (¢) such
that costa (¢ -8)
?) = cos-t—1 + K(2a),k > 0
4
? ) = n+k(2n)
é ) _ tk(n)
3
t 25 3p
ate
Therefore, the weight reaches its farthest point (which is 20 cm)
below its central position at = 25 +k for every integer k > 0. Cy) What’s More
A. In this activity you will be required to supply the missing step or
data in solving the trigonometric equation below.
1. Solve: 2cosx-1= 0.
Solution:
2cosx—
2eosx _ 1
22
»,
x
Solutions:
x e » xf + k(n)
1 + x €[0,2n), Solve the equation: 2sin’x = V3sinx
2.
Solution
2sin?x = V3sinx
f
&
2sinx = V3
b ,xaT i
Kk
Solutions:
L B. Solve the following trigonometric problem. Show your solution on the box
provided.
3. Solve for all possible solution of (1 + cosx)(tanx — 1).
4, If x€[0,2n), what is/are the solution/s of the trigonometric equation
tan 2x — 2cosx= 07
©. Problem Solving. Solve the given trigonometric problem. Use a scientific
calculator to approximate the answer on the nearest hundred thousandths. Use
the box provided for your solution
‘The voltage V (in volts) coming from an electricity distributing company
is fluctuating according to the function V(t) = 200 +170sin(120nt) at time ¢ in
seconds,
(5). Determine the first time it takes to reach 300 volts,
(6). For what values of t does the voltage reach its maximum value? What I Have Learned
Based on the concepts that you learn from this module, complete all the
following sentences.
1, The equation that contains trigonometric expressions is called
2. To get the complete solution of trigonometric equation involving sin and
cosine, you need to add since sin and cosine functions
have two period intervals.
3. To get the complete solution of trigonometric equation involving tangent
function you need to add since tangent functions have one
period interval.
4. When the equation is in quadratic form, we can use
_____"_to solve for the variable.
What I Can Do
‘This section involves real-life application of the concept of solving
trigonometric equations.
1. Cite a problem that involves a trigonometric equation. Show its complete
solution and share/ post it in a social media sites such as facebook, instagram,
ete.
Solution: Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a.
separate sheet of paper.
16. What value of x will satisfy the trigonometric equation sinx =
Po
aan
s
+19
an
17, How many possible solutions does sin?x + sin x — 6 = 0.
a0 e.5
ba 4. infinite
18. ___Allare possible solutions of 2sin?x + sin?x —2sinx—1=0
‘ are
be ay
19. What value of x is true to all 3 trigonometric equations:
1 —sinx = V3cos x, 2sin?x + sin?x —2sinx —1= 0 and 2cos?x + cos x = 0
a= ©.
b= a
20, Cos2x = sinx has an equivalent equation of
a. (sinx — 1)(sinx +1) ¢. (sinx + 2)(sinx + 1)
b. (sinx + 2)(2sinx +1) d. (2sinx — 1)(sinx +1)
21. Secx = 2 has a complete solution of .
a. $+ k@n), B+ k@n) cS +k@n), E+ ken)
2+ kQn), F+k@O a2 +kQo, = +k@Q
22, If I(t) is the current (in amperes) in an alternating current
circuit at time t (in seconds), find the smallest exact value of t for
which I(¢) = k if (0) = 20 sin(60nt — 6) and k =—10.
1 10)
as iad
bl a
30 360
23, One of the following choices is a solution of the trigonometric
equation 2tanx — sec? x=0. Which one is it? 24, What should be added to a solution of trigonometric equations
that involves two-period interval?
a. k(2n) ©. (2n)
b. k(n) . k(2)
25. What should be added to a solution of trigonometric equations
that involves one-period interval?
a. kn) c. (2m)
b. k(n) 4. k(2)
Matching Type. Match the trigonometric equation in column A with one of its
solutions on Column B. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
26. 2cos 2x —V3=0 & apt ko
27. sin(x +4) h. E+ kG)
28, sin (2x—2) =4 ikem
|. + k(2
29, tan?x=1 ton (en)
30. (cosx—1)(inx +1) = 0 +k
1 S45k
) wag sage
(x) Additional Activities
‘This section includes supplementary activities related to solving
trigonometric equation.
1, Intensity of Sunlight. On a clear day with D hours of daylight, the
intensity of sunlight Jin calories/ cm?) may be approximated by
1 = Insin? for 0
