Week 02: Assignment 02
1. Select the design goals for Open vSwitch
Scalability
Isolation
Reliability
Partitioning
Explanation: The design goals for Open vSwitch are Partitioning, Scalability, Flexibility and Fast-Forwarding.
2. Consider the following statements related to Software-defined networking (SDN) technology:
Statement 1: SDN is an approach to network management that enables dynamic, programmatically efficient network configuration in order to improve
network performance and monitoring making it more like cloud computing than traditional network management.
Statement 2: SDN attempts to centralize network intelligence in one network component by disassociating the forwarding process of network packets
(data plane) from the routing process (control plane).
Only statement 1 is true
Only statement 2 is true
Both statements are false
Both statements are true
Explanation: SDN is an approach to network management that enables dynamic,
programmatically efficient network configuration in order to improve network performance
and monitoring making it more like cloud computing than traditional network management.
SDN is meant to address the fact that the static architecture of traditional networks is
decentralized and complex while current networks require more flexibility and easy
troubleshooting. SDN attempts to centralize network intelligence in one network component
by disassociating the forwarding process of network packets (data plane) from the routing
process (control plane). The control plane consists of one or more controllers which are
considered as the brain of SDN network where the whole intelligence is incorporated.
3. MPLS stands for,
Machine-Protocol Label Switching
Multi-Protocol Label Switching
Multi-Partition Label Switching
Machine-Partition Label Switching
Explanation: MLPS is acronym for Multi-Protocol Label Switching
3. Docker is user for ________ management.
Hypervisor
Virtual Machine
Container
Storage
Explanation: Docker is a containerization platform used for container lifecycle management.
4. Mininet is a _____ emulator.
network
storage
processor
hardware
Explanation: Mininet is used for network simulation with multiple switches and controllers. It can simulate any network topology.
5. VLB and ECMP is used by _____ to offer hot-spot free performance for arbitrary traffic matrices.
VL2
EQMP
Load balancer
Virtual Machine
Explanation:
To offer hot-spot-free performance for arbitrary traffic matrices, VL2 uses two
related mechanisms: VLB (Valiant Load Balancing) and ECMP (Equal Cost Multi Path). The
goals of both are similar — VLB distributes traffic across a set of intermediate nodes and
ECMP distributes across equal-cost paths — but each is needed to overcome limitations in
the other.
6. Select the key challenges of a Multi-Tenant Data Center:
Scalability
Agility
Location independent addressing
Performance uniformity
Explanation: Cloud is shared among multiple parties and gives economy of scale. To share
the cloud among multiple tenants, there's bit more work to do. So the key needs for building a
multi-tenant Cloud data center are:
(i) Agility,
(ii) Location independent addressing,
(iii) Performance uniformity,
(iv) Security,
(v) Network semantics
7. In Single-root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV), the live VM migration becomes trickier, because,
the virtual machine is tied to internal datacenter network
the virtual machine is tied to physical resources of the machine
the virtual machine is very large in size
the virtual machine presents security risk
Explanation: The downsides to Single-root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV) approach are:
1.Live VM migration becomes trickier, because now you've tied the virtual machine to physical resources on that machine.
2.The forwarding state for that virtual machine now resides in the layer two switch inside the NIC.
8. NOX is a ________
Routing Control Platform
4D architecture
OpenFlow Controller
Virtual Switch
Explanation: NOX is the original OpenFlow controller. It serves as a network control
platform, that provides a high level programmatic interface for management and the
development of network control applications. Its system-wide abstractions turn networking
into a software problem.
NOX aims to provide a platform which allows developers and researchers the ability to
innovate within enterprise networks in the form of developing novel applications.
Applications on NOX typically determine how each flow is routed or not routed in the
network.
10. Google’s B4 architecture comprises a hierarchy of controllers in which at the top level we have the ______ responsible for which is talking to an
SDN gateway.
Global controller
Data center controller
Local controller
Cloud controller
Explanation: Google’s B4 architecture comprises a hierarchy of controllers: At the
top level we have the global controller, which is talking to an SDN gateway. The
gateway can be thought of as a super controller that talks to the controller's at all
these different data center sites.
