SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE, MECHANICAL AND
MECHATRONIC ENGINEERING
MECH5265 Advanced Combustion
Tutorial & Practice Questions: 5
Topic: Mixture Fraction, Laminar Flames (Diffusion & Premixed)
Question 1:
Determine the stoichiometric mixture fraction of the following fuel mixtures:
a) Methane-nitrogen = 1/1 by volume burning in air
b) Methane-air = 1/1 by volume burning in air
c) Methane burning in oxygen.
Question 2:
A laminar jet of methane issues from a circular tube into still air.
a) Consider the case on mixing-only, plot the mass fraction of methane, YCH4 versus mixture
fraction, ξ and determine YCH4 and YO2 at: ξ = 0.055, ξ = 0.2.
b) Now the methane ignited to form laminar diffusion flame. Assuming a simple reacting
system, plot the mass fraction YCH4, YO2, and YH2O versus mixture fraction and determine the
mass fractions of YCH4, YO2, and YH2O at ξ = stoichiometric, ξ = 0.03, ξ=02.
Question 3:
Two diffusion flame burners one with a circular port and the other with a square port operate with the
same mean velocities and the produce the same flame length. Given that the fuel is methane,
determine the ratio of the diameter of the circular port burner, D to the length of side of the square
port burner, b.
Question 4:
Determine the minimum flow rate required to prevent flashback in a flat flame burner with a 5mm
diameter nozzle designed for premixed stoichiometric hydrogen-air.
Question 5:
Use the correlation of Metghalghi & Keck to calculate the flame speed for propane, C3H8 at the
following conditions:
a) P = 1atm, Tu = 350K, φ = 0.9
b) P = 10atm, Tu = 350K, φ = 0.9
c) P = 1atm, Tu = 700K, φ = 0.9
Comment on the effects of temperature and pressure on flame speed:
Question 6:
Using the simplified theory, estimate the laminar flame speed of CH4 for = 1 and T = 300 K. Use
u
d CH 4
A exp Ea RuT CH 4 O 2
m n
the following global, single-step kinetics:
dt
1 m n
gmol
A 1.3 108 s m 0.3, n 1.3
where cm3 (Careful with the units)
1
A 1.3 108 E A Ru 24358 K
s
Compare your estimate with experimental results.
