UNIT-4

SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS

Tnpur Combinolional OutpuT

Logic Circuit Pasitive
Rrevious Feedback
Stare
Memory JLcloc
Signal

Secenioll cinouiE = Comlinaienal ogic + Mernduy Elemen.

Mensy lemnts
Mamdy lemunt can ikhar be a lateh
a-ap
Latdh cutput depends en inpul Jul met cleck.

p 3lep eukput depends on inpul amd. leck.

One latth dl one flip-Rep can sldL 1-AE

nouoRen.
hns eoan Ceminaienal omd seguwnlial Gacu
Combinolional Sequenial
Cutput depends ew eny | Catput depends on
peent
pwsentse oh impuls. bt o dmputs amd alse

post eutput.
2 Memdy wit is met
Memsy wwwt is
saaia
ie
3 aa 3. Slouser
4sy design.
5 Ex Hol, addar, Full adden, |5. Ex fAip Hops, shikt gidne,
MUX,DEMUX. Binouy Ceunens
6 6 Input's ombinoliona Out purs
Out puts
Inpuls Combinaliond Logic irouit
Logic Girout

Me mory
 0
-oo-o o
-o o-o

- - o
o D
lo
SR atth Using NAND Ge
(SctS- -

Ssd R-
Logic diagro
Explanalion: NAND Truth Toble
AB
(Set) s

(Resa) R -Q-0
Reset =1
Set Q=0
Cose-
S=O R=l ,
Q=1, 0
S , R=1, Q= 1, 0 No chamgu
t retrrs the pioty
Cosc- 9uput
S I , R 0, Q0, e
S=1,R=1,Q0
Cose-
S 0, R=0, , - IE s an imolid
8tote

S Rn n State
o No chong

Set Q-o

Reset I
X
nvalud
Tuuth Talle of SR Latth wing NAND G
Gated SR ateh im NAND Gate

(&t)S-

EN

Logie Syrbel
enalble imput
SR Latch with
NAND Gols

EN S R n Stale
O 0 No Chong
O (NC)
Reset

Set

X
Srdosmina
No Chang
x X (NC)
Tuth Tolte
FLIP Fiors
Types e p-flops

D Fip flop T fip Flop

SR Flip flop TK Flip flop
uigaeing Metheds
alre ggewng Je nespend at i
When a
kip kop is uqind
s
HiGH ste, aa HtGt leel iggerimaq methsd

Wsed. At maimly Jdenjiad }am

is
the shaight
Sead em th ceck inpu
riggers on igh
CLK
dock ewel
8 Bw leel 1uggpimg

Q CLK

rigaens m
lous clock level

3Pasedae

igers on tis edge

ohe dotk pulse

4 Neaofiw tdae ggn

cux
iragors cn ws ede
t h e dook palse

SR FLp-FpR
CLK S R Stole
-
No
o xK Change
CLK- 0 0 0. No
Change
K 0 0 0 Reset
Logic ouagom o
Sat

O Tndatmin
-ole
CLk
Fundienal Talte

Bleck diaeom
 D F-lep

CLL

Logic diogram Block diogro

CLK D
Prevlous Stta
O O

Funcional Table

Cdaeuagened JK Fip-flep
J

CLK CIk

K-

Blnck diogrow
Togie diaom
Kn Stale
No Chan
Reset
Fumciool
Set Table
Complement
To9

CLk

ove
ams K

wavela

lavekdum -Vve edge biggering of JKlip Hop

 dag iggud Flip-lp
TEJ K

Clk

Bleck
kogic dio.aon diagoumn
Tn Stale
No Chomgè

Teaale
Fundisnal Touble

Kace eund Cendiken gh TK -Hep

dnle
lniopping ik J,K=l,the put chang4
s stale enlinuneusy 1,0, 1,0,t,0, b e t nangn
Kace a r e n d
imput.This emdillion is called
Cenduien
CIk

J
Kl

Roiwg
Maslor Slaue D ip diep
To avslod Roce euund Cendiken we wse Masi Slae Ftp
Plop le Cam e SR D T IK Fip flep

m
D
Mastar Slave
CIk
 Masl
Masz wil e a t i e at posiive euel ch dhe deck.
and Qg Prevlous Stal.
Om D
Slave will e akie al megolive lemel o he deck.

Om Prewiaw Stali d m

CIk

D
CIe

SLAVE
MASTER

Logic diagron
D CIK Stale
o o Reset
Set
Fwncional Talle

Proset A
Qnd
m
Clea
reset and Ukon dinet impuls .d owudima

Jmpwla
hateven the value oh deck s inpua ha eukp
PRE
wdapend on Uset omd dea
Preset

CIk
CR

Clean Glock diaqrom

 PRE CLR
Not e d
0

0
FF uill pentewm
mumally
Tnuth Toble
JK Flp flop AilHh acie LOW PRESET and CLEAR inpuh

cRE
PRE CLRR
FF will pefom
moumau

Not Not wed

CLK

JK p Jop ith adlie - HIGH PRESET OMd cLERR inputs

PS-Pegeni Stole
SR Fe Flep ExctaLen TaHe NSNet State

PSNS Requind p
SR n n R

Oo n

Tsunth Table exutaten Toble

JK ip op Exeitolien Tode
PS NS Required ilp
K K Qn K
Qn
Qn

Tuth Toble Exutaliom lalde

 Talle
D e ep utaGon
PS NS
D
D nH Qn Qnt

Tuuth TalMe

utaion Tate
T 3pepxtoalen Tal,
PS NS
T
Tn
Qn
n
O
Qn

Tuth Talte

tautaion Talle
XConerusio e dope
ecedune
lniha wailalte amd qinad up {ep
2 Mak chonaclaisi tabe
ruquied e tee
3 Maka artitalion tole ta availalla {up ep
4Wit ooleom eapusien o availalH
Dnow the inuit.

ilps onlinali onal Acal clp o

Cinuit FiP Penived
Reauixed flep
MM
SR JK Flip Flep
Exteuna Prsent Nert ff
tlp's State State tp's
S R
J K
62n nt
0 0

X O

0 O

O
O

Kn
J0091110

JOn Kn
S Sn R KOn

Block diagram
*Dhnts e O eneus urekereve
eqerlia i u g
Ciroudls
Sunchronous Sequential Cirus Aoynchronous Sequernlal
cinauds,
1 m sywmchonenew i u i , Jm ssmdnsnsws eman
wanmeuy elemanls ae cleckad ww.au alemank a r o
wceched Ffs a m e dulbp
FFs.
elomert
2 The dhomge im imput 2. The chaunge in mput signals
Com a k t memduy tlemants
Blonals om
oiet mamsy
demans upem aciroen eh at o mstant oh ime.
csk siqnal tha
5. The moaimuum operouing 3. Becowse og obbence o
ck oswchenens Circtg
speed eh the deck dapend
han
ima delous iemed Co pnote hosr
snchemens Cisil.

A.Casier design 4Mb dkeult deslgn

*Registo
TRe
The Fhep oh BPp wsad seu p p-wu
as REGISTER.
hon ne it JsKnun

Clossiicolken g Regils
.Seial im Serial Out Shit Ragist (s so).
(eIro)
2 Sial im Pasallul Out Shikt Registen
3. Panallel m Seual Out Shikt Regis (PISO)

in Ponelll out Sipt Reaista (PIPo)

.fonaU -

5. Bidinudienal Shikt Registens a 2

pes oh Shie.
Univexsal Shit Regis.
Seial Tn eda Out Skt Regis (STso)

Din- D3 D D Do
D D
FF-3 FF-2 FF-D Seria)
op
CIK

le ava CLK Input Q3 o

given P DnitiallyX
O >o
MSB LSB
O- -0
S B was
uen os

We have oP s
MSB

2 Serual In -PanalleL Out t eqiale(5TPO)

6

Din 2
FF-3 FF-2 Ff- FF-

CIk

l e have
CIk Lnput Qa
ven P
Initfally
M98
LS8 Oosvn ,0.
as s P 1 O
We have P 11o
as o
MSB
 3anallel n -Seial Q
ifLDodBo 33

Sestal
olp
FF-0 fF-2

C
are too modes im which his incat Co wolk
Therr
this lead mode we haue e porallel
1) Loaol Mode By
e data.
impt o
teke Lead ecauuse we hav Aoading whuv-
Hew we

the imput is Louo()ound his shous that i t s

acveLous siqnol.
2) Shit Mode By wis mede, we Co shib

dala ksm bne H o p e cthen.

Hee, we take Shit, hen when the input ts

Hee
high (1) t h e n t h ofp is shitad.
4.Poalle n nallel Out t Registe TPo)

D Pa D
FF- Ff-3
5 -diineclieoll Kegial
Mode Control(M)

L M

CLR
CLR CLR CLR
Ctk

CLR

simg hs Shiyt Regislen Com

sht tine dota ti

side d ekt side So t is called bidiredional

ight
Shilt Kegiste.
Tt hos seuial lelt shakt nade a well os suual

riqht sbt mode

3M=l, 5hitt Rioht opuraien will be perfdumad.
peaumed
M = O , Shit tet opoaion wille
6 Univsal Shi Kgi
Bidinecenod Shiktmg+ analu oodimq Universal
shik Ragis
beon m his Reaisl
AU He pohilililiu
St90, SIPO, PISO, PIPO
he xl MUX
Sledt vauiates o
whwther
mvode of u
shik t agisi
seecng
selecing Ehe

t Aneld wok 0 aht sutt, leht sh

3 paoUel leading
 lavn ops Az A2 A

Cleas cIK
D

Clk

uXI

MUX MyX MUX MUX

1 3210 321o

Serial
Serial
e
le
shift-Riat|
I2
skil-let
Paxallol te
Mode Contsuot Regisor
S Opeallen
O No hange
Shikt Riqnt
O
Shiyt Lept
Fanallel lead
Fundlional TabMe

Counles
Ceuunlur is a
egistal that t s thaeugh'a pedetEam
nad heqJan ostalus upem h e appucakion o cdeck

puulses
n Cowts fhe mput 1,whith is ggte
Cendien s Jk a T {iptep. 6 aveid ace aeud

Cendiin e se Mao Slave operokon dmcgolie

edoe iogeudPep
upes c sunles
Asymchrenews ouhas Ripple
SywhnevGs owlou
CIE

Asynchueneus Ripple Synchhomams euni

Cewnl
tFfs (eruneuo i sudh
ara
Thee ib me
Cemnecien
a
oa hot tre op otra ooeen op o st ff
iut dives deck and cock oh meat ff.
Cnert ff.

2 Ffs ohe net.detked 2 FFs a e clecked

Simuultanuusy4 siwttaneuity
3 Gncuit is simple 3. ncwut becous Cenpicat
ure
o statts
me. os me e staes nouaes-
4Speed is sos a deck Speed is hioh as dock
4s pepagand thoeuo
isQim a a Same

Me

Clasi icolken et onid:

>Up Cewrlens Counl hem Jow o hiah. g: 0, 1,2,3,-

Dpun Ceunks bunts ken woh to low. e3,2,y0,

Up Dosn lounis
Bit yncho-enous pCoun h) MOD-4 Couna
CAL

FF-O FF-1

(LSB) (M58) o ,2 3
 2 bit n d e n e s Boum Couna MOD-4on eunty
5

- -

(LSB) (MSB)

2 O 3
3

9
Cl

(LS&) (MSe) 3 2 1

2M
stoles
M Moduls mo. oh

MOD-1O Aunceneus Courlar

bo JD staisem
0000 t
M:10
az1o So, m 4

The ment etake 3 whiuh

subed be

CLR CLR
 PDOLON pple Caun
h i s tounlea Cewnts p couming amd alae down
Cenlinq usimg mede Combhel Jnput (M).
nan
When M=Ditwill de up ceuntina & sheul
hun Cevnt to clk
M=I, dsm tswm q a sheld
ihetine KM cemnu

olp Cvwlbin aianal M Y

previousl Cit CoNab. ctt 0
Jiven To mext0 0 .

M 00

MO
0
Y= M + MQ
M

3 it UP /DOWN Sunchoenous Cun

Met

PS Mode NS Reqired Erutations

O G M K J2 Ka J K
O 0 O D0 OX

O X

X
0 O

O OX
X
O X O
O
O O
X0
 PS Mode NS Recyulred Ecutation
A2 e, M 99 J Ka Ja K J K
X

O XI XI
xO

M
O0 10 oo l
00
or x
O 9,M
>,0,M
o .M
Kg ,M +@4,M
0,9,M+0M
M
2 0 0 0L
00_xX

Ox

tox L2
M ,M S,M , M

M+,M Kz M +8, M

- T

J J3

Snckreneu Cunlus
Proced
Sedde the mo flipflip fops
2 Eauitotion
s tosla of FF.
3:
Stale diagnom and cineuut excitalion talte
4 9tin simpihied eqpalisns using K Mop.

5. Dauw the logic diacom

MOD-8 a) 3-bit Smchuenaus u u n TFP
P S NS
000
0
{00
O 0 1
(10 O
1
O
10
OI
O oD
Stole diogson
Cucuit. Excitotien sle

St00 D 1 10 00 01110

Te

PA

(Ls8) (MSB)

Ring Cewner
Rimg lowmlur is opical applicalken o Shit

egisler
T e owy dhomge 4stolpoh
Tha last ff is
te th
Cenneced
/e tst ff
eh Stales
Ne. eh No. o p Reps used
 1000 Clock Pulsse
O

2 O
O0o1 O100
3 O O
O
o01o 5 oD

Stale 6 O O O

O
dioqrom
n c lalle

Du

Jehreon Counti (Tuvisted Rimg

Rima M N

After
0oo Clock Pulse
0000 O
O0il O

O
000
(O!t o

(ttoo
6
O
Stat
diogrom O O
No e stss 2 no of FF Sauenee Talbla