04 Animal Kingdom

Question: Match List-I with List-II.

NEET 2023 Manipur

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Answer: D

Explanation
The correct answer is :
Option D : (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
Explanation :

(A) Contractile vacuoles are found in single-celled organisms like Amoeba (II).
They help in osmoregulation by expelling excess water out of the cell.
(B) A water vascular system is a unique characteristic of echinoderms such as
Asterias (I), a genus of starfish. This system is involved in locomotion, feeding,
respiration, and excretion.
(C) The canal system is characteristic of sponges such as Spongilla (III). It aids
in the circulation of water for feeding, respiration, and excretion.
(D) Flame cells are part of the excretory system in platyhelminthes like Taenia
(IV), commonly known as tapeworm. These cells function in osmoregulation
and excretion.
Question: Radial symmetry is NOT found in adults of phylum ______.

NEET 2023

Answer: A

Explanation
Radial symmetry is a type of symmetry where an organism can be divided into
similar halves by more than two planes passing through the central axis. This
type of symmetry is found in organisms that tend to meet their environment
in all directions, such as aquatic animals.

1. Hemichordata : Adult organisms in this phylum, which includes acorn

worms, pterobranchs, and graptolites, exhibit bilateral symmetry. This means
they can be divided into two identical halves only along a single plane. Hence,
radial symmetry is not found in the adults of this phylum.

2. Coelenterata (also known as Cnidaria) : This phylum includes jellyfish, sea

anemones, and corals. They exhibit radial symmetry. So, radial symmetry is
found in this phylum.

3. Echinodermata : Adult organisms in this phylum, which includes starfish,

sea urchins, and sea cucumbers, exhibit radial symmetry. However, it's
important to note that their larvae exhibit bilateral symmetry. Therefore,
radial symmetry is found in adults of this phylum.

4. Ctenophora (also known as comb jellies) : These marine animals also

exhibit radial symmetry. Thus, radial symmetry is found in this phylum.

Question: Select the correct statements with reference to chordates.

A. Presence of a mid-dorsal, solid and double nerve cord.
B. Presence of closed circulatory system.
C. Presence of paired pharyngeal gill slits.
D. Presence of dorsal heart
E. Triploblastic pseudocoelomate animals.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer: A

Explanation
Chordates are defined by having certain specific anatomical features at some
point during their development. The correct attributes of chordates are:

1. Presence of a dorsal, hollow nerve cord (not a mid-dorsal, solid and double
nerve cord as mentioned in statement A)

2. Presence of a closed circulatory system.

3. Presence of paired pharyngeal gill slits.

4. Presence of a post-anal tail.

5. Presence of a notochord.

Regarding the other statements :

- The heart of chordates is ventral, not dorsal (as in statement D).

- Chordates are triploblastic and coelomate, not pseudocoelomate (as in

statement E).
So, based on these facts, the correct answer is :

Option A : B and C only.

Question: The unique mammalian characteristics are :

NEET 2023

Answer: A

Explanation
Unique mammalian characteristics include:

1. Hair or fur: Mammals are the only animals that have hair. This hair helps to
insulate the body to maintain a constant body temperature.

2. Mammary glands: These are glands that, in females, produce milk for the
nourishment of young ones. This is a characteristic feature of all mammals and
is, in fact, the feature that gives this group its name.

3. The presence of pinnae (external ears): Most mammals have pinnae that
help to collect and direct sound waves into the ear.

Option B is incorrect because indirect development is not a unique

characteristic of mammals; many animals, including certain insects,
amphibians, and fishes, undergo indirect development.

Option C is incorrect because a monocondylic skull, in which the skull only

articulates with the first vertebra via a single condyle, is a characteristic of
some reptiles and amphibians, not mammals. Mammals possess a dicondylic
skull, with two occipital condyles.

Option D is incorrect because while mammals do have a tympanic membrane

(ear drum), it is not unique to mammals; other vertebrate groups, such as
birds and reptiles, also have a tympanic membrane.

So, the correct answer is :

Option A : hairs, pinna and mammary glands.

 2022
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

Q.1. Which of the following animals has three chambered heart?

NEET 2022 Phase 2

Ans. (D)
Explanation
Option (4) is the correct answer because Chelone (turtle) is a reptile and
the heart of reptiles are usually three-chambered except crocodiles.

Option (1) is incorrect as Pteropus (flying fox) possess four -chambered

heart.

Option (2) and (3) are incorrect as Scoliodon (dog fish) and Hippocampus
(sea horse) possess two - chambered heart.

Q.2. Match List-I with List-II

List - I List - II

(a) Chlamydomonas (i) Conidia

(b) Penicillium (ii) Zoospores

 List - I List - II

(c) Hydra (iii) Gemmules

(d) Sponge (iv) Buds

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

NEET 2022 Phase 2

Ans. (C)
Explanation
∙ Penicillium asexually reproduces by conidia formation

∙ Chlamydomonas asexually reproduces by zoospores

Hydra reproduces by budding whereas sponges produce gemmules for

asexual reproduction

Q.3. Select the incorrect statements with respect to Cyclostomes:

(a) They lack scales and paired fins.

(b) They have circular mouth with jaws.

(c) They bear 6-15 pairs of gills.

(d) They migrate to deep sea for spawning.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

NEET 2022 Phase 2

Ans. (D)
Explanation
Option (d) is the correct answer because statement (b) is false as
cyclostomes have a circular mouth without jaws and statement (d) is false
as they migrate from marine water to fresh water for spawning. Statements
(a) and (c) are correct for cyclostomes as they have 6-15 pairs of gills and
body is divoid of scales and paired fins.

Q.4. Exoskeleton of arthropods is composed of:

NEET 2022 Phase 1

Ans. (C)
Explanation
Option (3) is the correct answer as chitin forms the exoskeleton is
arthropods and is found in fungal cell wall. N-acetyl glucosamine is the
monomeric unit. Cellulose is a polysaccharide. Cutin is a derived lipid.

Q.5. Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and
the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not
vertebrates.

Reason (R) : Notochord is replaced by vertebral column in the adult

vertebrates.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer
from the option given below:

NEET 2022 Phase 1

Ans. (A)
Explanation
Option (a) is the correct answer because all chordates are divided into
three subphyla - Urochordata, Cephalochordata and Vertebrata. In
subphylum Vertebrata, notochord is replaced by bony or cartilaginous
vertebral column in adults. Therefore, all vertebrates are chordates but all
chordates are not vertebrates.
TOPIC 1 03 Which one of the following Ans. (d)
Phylum–Porifera statements about all the four Sycon belongs to phylum–Porifera. The
Spongilla, leech, dolphin and porifers are most primitive group of
penguin is correct? multicellular animals. They have no
01 In case of poriferans, the tissue grade of organisation and
spongocoel is lined with flagellated [CBSE AIPMT 2010]
represent cell aggregated body plan,
cells called [NEET 2017] (a) Penguin is homiothermic, while hence, included in the
the remaining three are sub-kingdom—Parazoa.
(a) ostia
(b) oscula poikilothermic
(c) choanocytes (b) Leech is a freshwater form, while 05 The canal system is a
(d) mesenchymal cells all others are marine characteristic feature of
(c) Spongilla has special collared cells [CBSE AIPMT 1999]
Ans. (c) called choanocytes, not found in (a) echinoderms
The body wall of a common sponge the remaining three
(b) helminthes
consists of three layer, i.e. pinacoderm, (d) All are bilaterally symmetrical
choanoderm and mesophyll layer. (c) coelenterates
Ans. (c) (d) sponges
Choanoderm is inner cellular layer
which consists of highly specialised Spongilla belongs to phylum–Porifera, in Ans. (d)
flagellated cells called choanocytes. which, choanocytes are the
characteristic cells, these are absent in Sponges possess an extensive system
The beating of their flagella creates of interconnected cavities called canal
water current. leech, dolphin and pengiun. These
distinctive cells line the interior body system, which typically consists of
walls of sponges. incurrent canals, radial canals,
02 Body having meshwork of cells, excurrent canals and spongocoel. The
These cells have a central flagellum that
internal cavities lined with food is surrounded by a collar of microvilli.
system is useful for nutrition,
filtering flagellated cells and respiration and excretion.
Choanocytes are versatile cells.
indirect development are the Their flagella beat to create the active
characteristics of phylum pumping of water through the sponge,
06 What is true about all sponges
[CBSE AIPMT 2015] while the collars of the choanocytes are without exception?
the primary areas where nutrients are [CBSE AIPMT 1996]
(a) Coelenterata
(b) Porifera absorbed into the sponge. (a) They are all marine
(c) Mollusca (b) They have flagellated collar cells
(d) Protozoa
04 Sycon belongs to a group of (c) They have a mixed skeleton
animals which are best described consisting of spicules and spongin
Ans. (b)
as [CBSE AIPMT 2003] fibres
In Porifera (sponges), bodies are (d) They reproduce only asexually by
(a) multicellular with a gastrovascular
asymetrical. Body lacks tissue or budding
system
organs, but from a meshwork of cells
surrounding channels that open to the (b) multicellular having tissue Ans. (b)
outside through pores, and that organisation, but no body cavity Sponges are all aquatic, mostly marine
expand into internal cavities lined with (c) unicellular or acellular but few fresh water forms also exist.
food filtering flagellated cells (d) multicellular without any tissue Choanocytes or collar cells are only
(choanocytes). organisation present in sponges.
 Sponges usually have a skeleton Saccharomyces is a genus of kingdom Ans. (b)
consisting of spicules or spongin fibres. fungi which includes many species of
yeast. Their cell wall is made up of True alternation of generations is
Sponges reproduce asexually by alternation between haploid
budding, gemmules and reproduce chitin.
gametophyte and diploid sporophyte
sexually too. phase. In Obelia, the asexual polypoid
10 Select the taxon mentioned that phase is alternate with sexual medusoid
07 The simplest type of canal system represents both marine and phase and this type of life cycle is called
in Porifera is [CBSE AIPMT 1992] freshwater species metagenesis.
(a) ascon type (b) leucon type (a) Echinoderms [CBSE AIPMT 2014] Neoteny It is also called Juvenilisation,
(c) sycon type (d) radial type (b) Ctenophora is one of the two ways by which
(c) Cephalochordata paedomorphism can arise.
Ans. (a)
(d) Cnidaria Paedomorphism It is the retention by
The simplest type of canal system in adults of traits previously seen only in
Porifera is ascon type. Ans. (d) young, and is a subject studied in the
Osculum Cnidarian members are found both in development biology.
freshwater and marine environments, Metamorphosis It is a biological
Ostium while members of Ctenophora, process by which an animal physically
Cylinder bore Cephalochordata and Echinodermata develops after birth or notching,
are found exclusively in marine involving a conspicous and relatively
Central cavity abrupt change in the animal body
environment.
(spongocoel)
structure through cell growth and
11 In which animal nerve cell is differentiation. e.g., in some insects,
molluses etc.
present but brain is absent?
Water Flagellated [CBSE AIPMT 2002]
current collar cells
(a) Sponge (b) Earthworm
14 Point out a non-parasite
[CBSE AIPMT 1994]
(c) Cockroach (d) Hydra
Ascon type canal system (Porifera) (a) tapeworm (b) mosquito
Ans. (d) (c) leech (d) sea anemone
08 Classification of Porifera is based The neurons of Hydra synapse with
Ans. (d)
each other and other body cells. As a
on [CBSE AIPMT 1991]
result, it responds to external stimuli. Sea anemone is a coelenterate found in
(a) branching (b) spicules However, there is no brain in Hydra to marine water, attached to the empty
(c) reproduction (d) symmetry coordinate the responses. shell of gastropods already occupied by
hermit crab, this association is
Ans. (b) symbiosis not parasitism.
Classification of sponges is primarily
12 In Hydra, waste material of food
digestion and nitrogenous waste Tapeworm, mosquito and leech are
based on skeleton which are spicules. parasites.
These belongs to phylum– Porifera. material are removed from
[CBSE AIPMT 2001]
15 Special character of coelenterates
(a) mouth and mouth
is [CBSE AIPMT 1994]
TOPIC 2 (b) body wall and body wall
(a) polymorphism
(c) mouth and body wall
Phylum–Cnidaria (d) mouth and tentacles
(b) nematocysts
(Coelenterata) and Ans. (c)
(c) flame cells
(d) hermaphroditism
In Hydra, undigested residues are
09 Which one of the following living egested from coelentron through Ans. (b)
organisms completely lacks a cell mouth, while nitrogenous excretory The most characteristic feature of
wall? [CBSE AIPMT 2014] product (ammonia) is removed through coelenterates is the presence of
(a) Cyanobacteria general body surface. nematocysts or stinging cells.
Hydra are solitary, sessile, freshwater Nematocysts are mainly concerned
(b) Sea-fan (Gorgonia)
coelenterates. They are found in lakes, with food capture, defence and
(c) Saccharomyces attachment.
ponds stream. Hydra is an ammonotelic
(d) Blue-green algae animal i.e., it excretes waste material in
Ans. (b) the form of ammonia. 16 Which one of the following
Sea-fan (Gorgonia) belongs to: kingdom animals possesses nerve cells but
–Animalia, phylum–Cnidaria and order– 13 Most appropriate term to describe no nerves? [CBSE AIPMT 1993]
Gorgonacea. As, it is on animal, thus it the life cycle of Obelia is (a) Hydra
lacks cell wall unlike cyanobacteria or [CBSE AIPMT 1998] (b) Tapeworm
blue–green algae (kingdom–Monera) (a) neoteny (b) metagenesis (c) Earthworm
have cell wall which is composed of
(c) metamorphosis (d) Frog’s tadpole
peptidoglycan.
(d) All of these
 Ans. (a) TOPIC 4 Ans. (b)
Hydra has nerve cells but no nerves. Planaria is a flatworm belonging to
Hydra possesses a very primitive
Phylum-Platyhelminthes phylum–Platyhelminthes. They are the
nervous system consisting of a synaptic simplest form of multicellular animal.
network of bipolar and multipolar nerve 21 Match the following columns and They have high capacity of regeneration
cells. select the correct option. of new tissue at the wound site via cell
[NEET (Sep.) 2020] proliferation (blastema formation) and
17 Budding is a normal mode of the remodelling of pre-existing tissue
asexual reproduction in Column I Column II to restore symmetry and proportion.
[CBSE AIPMT 1993] A. Gregarious, 1. Asterias This is due the neoblast cells.
(a) starfish and Hydra polyphagous pest These cells are usually scattered
(b) Hydra and sponges B. Adult with radi 2. Scorpion through out the body and are able to
(c) tapeworm and Hydra symmetry and larva participate in any type of development.
(d) sponge and starfish with bilateral The regenerative capacity of different
symmetry
Ans. (b) body sections is an indicator of the
C. Book lungs 3. Ctenoplana presence of different numbers of
Hydra and sponges reproduce asexually
D. Bioluminescence 4. Locusta neoblast cells.
by exogenous budding, a type of
vegetative propagation.
A B C D 24 One example of animal having a
18 Jelly fish belongs to class (a) 4 1 2 3 single opening to the outside that
[CBSE AIPMT 1989] (b) 3 2 1 4 serves both as mouth as well as
(a) Hydrozoa (c) 2 1 3 4 anus is [CBSE AIPMT 2010]
(b) Scyphozoa (d) 1 3 2 4
(a) Octopus (b) Asterias
(c) Anthozoa Ans. (a) (c) Ascidia (d) Fasciola
(d) None of these The correct option is (a). It can be Ans. (d)
Ans. (b) explained as follows
Fasciola hepatica (sheep liver fluke)
Aurelia (jellyfish) belongs to Locusta is a gregareous pest. belongs to phylum–Platyhelminthes.
class—Scyphozoa of phylum—Cnidaria. In echinoderms, adults are radially These worms have incomplete
It is without skeleton. symmetrical but larvae are bilaterally alimentary canal, there is a single
symmetrical. opening for both ingestion and
19 Organ pipe coral is Scorpions respire through book lungs. egestion. This is also called as blind sac
[CBSE AIPMT 1988] Bioluminescence is well-marked in body plan.
(a) Tubipora (b) Astraea ctenophores.
(c) Helipora (d) Fungia 25 Which one of the following kinds
22 Bilaterally symmetrical and of animals are triploblastic?
Ans. (a)
acoelomate animals are [CBSE AIPMT 2010]
Organ pipe coral is the common name
exemplified by [NEET (Sep.) 2020] (a) Flatworms
of Tubipora. This is coelenterate and
comes under class—Anthrozoa. (a) Platyhelminthes (b) Aschelminthes (b) Sponges
(c) Annelida (d) Ctenophora (c) Ctenophores
Ans. (a) (d) Corals
TOPIC 3
Platyhelminthes are bilaterally Ans. (a)
Ctenophora symmetrical, triploblastic and
Flatworms (phylum–Platyhelminthes)
acoelomate animals with organ level of
are triploblastic animals. The cells of
organisation.
20 Biradial symmetry and lack of the body wall are arranged in three
Aschelminthes are bilaterally layers. i.e. ectoderm, mesoderm and
cnidoblasts are the characteristics symmetrical, triploblastic and endoderm.
of [CBSE AIPMT 2006] pseudocoelomate with organ system
Sponges, ctenophores and corals are
(a) Starfish and sea anemone grade of body organisation. Annelida
diploblastic animals.
(b) Ctenoplana and Beroe are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic
(c) Aurelia and Paramecium and truly schizocoelomate. Ctenophora
are biradially symmetrical,triploblastic
26 During its life cycle, Fasciola
(d) Hydra and starfish hepatica (liver fluke) infects its
and acoelomates.
Ans. (b) intermediate host and primary
Ctenoplana and Beroe lack cnidoblasts 23 Planaria possess high capacity of host at the following larval stages
and have biradial symmetry. These [CBSE AIPMT 2014] respectively [CBSE AIPMT 2003]
belong to phylum–Ctenophora.
(a) metamorphosis (a) metacercaria and cercaria
Hydra, sea anemone and Aurelia are (b) regeneration (b) miracidium and metacercaria
coelenterates which have cnidoblasts.
Although sea anemone has biradial
(c) alternation of generation (c) redia and miracidium
symmetry. (d) bioluminescence (d) cercaria and redia
 Ans. (b) 30 The excretory structures of flat Ans. (a)
Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) is a worms/Taenia are Round worms (phylum–Aschelminthes)
‘digenetic’ endoparasite, i.e. its life [CBSE AIPMT 1991] are pseudocoelomates, false coelom is
cycle completes within two hosts. The derived from embryonic blastocoel.
(a) flame cells
primary host is sheep and the Flat worms (phylum–Platyhelminthes)
secondary or intermediate host is fresh (b) protonephridia
are acoelomate animals.
water gastropod, snail. Fasciola (c) Malpighian tubules
hepatica infects its intermediate host Molluscs and insects
(d) green glands (phylum–Arthropoda) are coelomate
at miracidium stage and its primary
host at metacercaria stage. Ans. (a) animals.
Excretory structures of
27 Which one belongs to flatworms/Taenia are flame cells. 34 Which one of the following groups
Platyhelminthes? [CBSE AIPMT 1994] Longitudinal and cross-connecting of animals is bilaterally symmetrical
excretory canals drain fluid from flame and triploblastic?
(a) Schistosoma (b) Trypansoma
cells in each proglottid. Main excretory [CBSE AIPMT 2009]
(c) Plasmodium (d) Wuchereria
products are ammonia and fatty acids. (a) Coelenterates (cnidarians)
Ans. (a)
(b) Aschelminthes (roundworms)
Schistosoma is the common human 31 Bladderworm/cysticercus is the
(c) Ctenophores
blood fluke and belongs to larval stage of [CBSE AIPMT 1991]
Platyhelminthes. It is a genus of (d) Sponges
(a) tapeworm (b) roundworm
trematodes. Ans. (b)
(c) pinworm (d) liver fluke
It is a parasitic flatworm responsible for Aschelminthes are bilateral
a highly significant group of infections Ans. (a) symmetrical and triploblastic animals,
in humans termed as Schistosomiasis. Bladderworm/Cysticercus is the larval e.g. Ascaris.
stage of tapeworm. It is found in the Coelenterates are radially symmetrical
28 What is true about Taenia muscles of pig and this is the stage and diploblastic animals, e.g. Obelia.
saginata? [CBSE AIPMT 1993] through which man gets infected by Ctenophores are radially symmetrical
(a) Life history has pig as eating raw or poorly cooked ‘measly and diploblastic animals, e.g.
intermediate host pork’. Ctenoplana.
(b) There are two large suckers on Sponges are asymmetrical or radially
scolex 32 Transfer of Taenia to secondary symmetrical and diploblastic animals,
(c) Rostellar hooks are absent host occurs as e.g. Sycon.
[CBSE AIPMT 1989, 90]
(d) Rostellum has double circle of
hooks (a) oncosphere 35 Ascaris is characterised by
(b) cysticercus [CBSE AIPMT 2008]
Ans. (c) (a) absence of true coelom but
(c) morula
Taenia saginata do not possess presence of metamerism
(d) egg
rostellum and rostellar hooks. (b) presence of neither true coelom
Ans. (a)
nor metamerism
29 What is correct about Taenia? Oncospheres pass through faecal
(c) presence of true coelom but
[CBSE AIPMT 1992] matter of man. Secondary host pig
absence of metamerism
(a) Male organs occur in posterior acquires infection by ingesting the
(d) presence of true coelom and
proglottids oncospheres.
metamerism (metamerisation)
(b) Male organs occur in anterior
proglottids Ans. (b)
(c) Female organs occur in anterior
TOPIC 5 Ascaris is endoparasite of man. It
inhabits the small intestine more
proglottids Phylum-Aschelminthes frequently of children than of adults.
(d) Mature proglottids contain both
The body is elongate, cylindrical and
male and female organs 33 Which one of the following gradually tapering at both ends. There
Ans. (d) statements about certain given is no metameric segmentation. In
Body of Taenia is divided into scolex, animals is correct? Ascaris between body wall and visceral
neck and strobilla. Strobilla is the main [CBSE AIPMT 2010] organs is a spacious fluid filled cavity.
body and made of proglottids. A (a) Round worms (Aschelminthes) are This cavity is not true coelom as it is not
proglottid is a unit of body enclosing a pseudocoelomates lined by coelomic epithelium, has no
complete set of genitalia. (b) Molluscs are acoelomates relation with reproductive and
Mature proglottids are in the middle excretory organs and develops from
(c) Insects are pseudocoelomates
having both male and female blastocoel. This body cavity is referred
(d) Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) are
reproductive organs. as pseudocoel.
coelomates
36 What is common between Ascaris Ans. (c) 42 Pheretima and its close relatives
lumbricoides and Anopheles (c) (A)- (3), (B)-(4),(C)-(2),(D)-(1) derive nourishment from
stephensi? [CBSE AIPMT 2000] The annelid worms were thought to [CBSE AIPMT 2012]
have evolved from a coelomate (a) sugarcane roots
(a) Hibernation
worm-like ancestor which developed (b) decaying fallen leaves and soil
(b) Metamerism metameric segmentation or
(c) Anaerobic respiration organic matter
metamerism and the segments were
(d) Sexual dimorphism termed as somites or metameres.
(c) soil insects
(d) small pieces of fresh fallen leaves
Ans. (d) Sponges or porifera have a water
transport or canal system. Water enters
of maize
Both A. lumbricoides and A. stephensi;
have different males and females and it via minute pore (ostia) in the body wall Ans. (b)
is possible to distinguish between them into the central cavity spongocoel from Food of earthworm (Pheretima sp.)
morphologically. where it goes out via osculum. consists of organic matter, fallen
The body of ctenophores bear eight decaying leaves, algae, etc. present in
37 Ascaris larva is called external rows of ciliated comb plates the soil. Food is swallowed along with
[CBSE AIPMT 1992] which helps in locomotion. soil by sucking action.
(a) cysticercus (b) rhabditiform The name Cnidaria is derived from
(c) hexacanth (d) onchosphere
cnidocytes or cnidoblast that are found 43 One very special feature in the
on the tentacles and body of the earthworm Pheretima is that
Ans. (b) organism. [CBSE AIPMT 2011]
Ascaris larva is called rhabditoid or (a) the typhlosole greatly increases
rhabditiform due to its close 40 Which of the following options the effective absorption area of
resemblance with Rhabditis. does correctly represent the the digested food in the intestine
characteristic features of (b) the S-shaped setae embedded in
38 Ascaris lumbricoides infection
phylum–Annelida? the integument are the defensive
occurs through [CBSE AIPMT 1991] [NEET (Oct.) 2020] weapons used against the
(a) sole of uncovered feet (a) Triploblastic, unsegmented body enemies
(b) contaminated cooked measly pork and bilaterally symmetrical (c) it has a long dorsal tubular heart
(c) improperly cooked measly pork (b) Triploblastic, segmented body and
(d) from air through inhalation (d) fertilisation of eggs occurs inside
bilaterally symmetrical the body
Ans. (b) (c) Triploblastic, flattened body and
acoelomate condition Ans. (a)
The transmission of infective stage
through embryonated egg of Ascaris (d) Diploblastic, mostly marine and A pair of short and conical intestinal
lumbricoides takes place by caecae project from the intestine on
radially symmetrical
contaminated cooked measly pork and the 26th segment. The characteristic
Ans. (b) feature of the intestine between 26-35
contaminated water.
Animals belonging to phylum-Annelida segments is the presence of internal
are triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical median fold of dorsal wall called
typhlosole.
TOPIC 6 and metamerically segmented.
They exhibit organ system level of body This increases the effective area of
Phylum-Annelida organisation with presence of coelom. absorption in the intestine.
They may be aquatic (marine and
39 Match the List-I with List-II. freshwater) or terrestrial, free-living 44 If a live earthworm is pricked with
[NEET 2021] and sometimes parasitic. a needle on its outer surface
without damaging its gut, the fluid
List-I List-II 41 Which of the following animals are that comes out is
A. Metamerism 1. Coelenterata true coelomates with bilateral [CBSE AIPMT 2009]

B. Canal system 2. Ctenophora

symmetry? [NEET (Odisha) 2019] (a) excretory fluid
(a) Adult echinoderms (b) coelomic fluid
C. Comb plates 3. Annelida (c) haemolymph
(b) Aschelminthes
D. Cnidoblasts 4. Porifera (c) Platyhelminthes (d) slimy mucus
(d) Annelids Ans. (b)
Choose the correct answer from Ans. (d) The body cavity of earthworm is true
the options given below. coelom (schizocoel) as it is formed by
Annelids are true coelomates with
A B C D bilateral symmetry. These exhibit the division of mesoderm. The coelom
(a) 4 3 1 2 organ-system level of body is filled with milky, alkaline coelomic
(b) 3 4 1 2 organisation with true coelom. They are fluid, which contains different types of
triploblastic, metamerically segmented corpuscles. Thus, if alive earthworm is
(c) 3 4 2 1
and coelomate animals, e.g. prickled with a needle on its outer
(d) 4 1 2 3 surface, the coelomic fluid will come out.
earthworm.
 Excretory fluids Excretory system Earthworm (Pheretima posthuma) living (a) ectoderm on both sides
regulate the chemical composition of in burrows made in moist earth. The (b) endoderm on one side and
body fluids by removing metabolic body shows metameric segmentation. ectoderm on the other
waste substances. About the middle of each segment (c) mesoderm on one side and
Haemolymph It is a fluid in the open there is a ring of tiny curved bristles ectoderm on the other
circulatory system of arthropods, e.g. called setae or chaetae, formed of a (d) mesoderm on both sides
spiders, crustaceans etc. horny nitrogenous organic substance
Ans. (d)
It is analogous to the fluids and cells known as chitin. The setae and
musculature serve for locomotion as Coeloms are secondary body cavities
making both blood and interstitial fluid. bounded on all sides by mesodermal
well as for anchoring body firmly in
Slimy mucus Mucus trap bacteria cell burrow. peritoneum. The true coelom arises
debris and prevents it from entering within the mesoderm itself.
into lungs and in their body parts. The blood of earthworm is composed of
a fluid plasma and colourless coruscles,
physiologically comparable to the 51 Coelom derived from blastocoel is
45 Which one of the following is not a leucocytes of vertebrates. known as [CBSE AIPMT 1994]
characteristic of (a) enterocoelom
phylum–Annelida? 47 Which one of the following is (b) schizocoelom
[CBSE AIPMT 2008] correct matching pair of a body (c) pseudocoelom
(a) Closed circulatory system feature and the animal possessing (d) haemocoelom
(b) Segmentation it? [CBSE AIPMT 2007] Ans. (c)
(c) Pseudocoelom Coelom derived from blastocoel is
(a) Post-anal tail — Octopus
(d) Ventral nerve cord pseudocoelom. These are cavities not
(b) Ventral central — Leech
Ans. (c) entirely lined by peritoneum (thin
nervous system
cellular membrane derived from
Name of the phylum–Annelida was first (c) Pharyngeal gills slits mesoderm).
coined by Lamarck. The body of — Chameleon absent in embryo
annelids is elongated, bilaterally Embryologically pseudocoel may be a
(d) Ventral heart — Scorpion persistent blastocoel. Such type of
symmetrical, triploblastic, truely
coelomate and metamerically Ans. (b) coelom is found in Nematohelminthes.
segmented into similar metameres. The The nervous system of leech consists of
coelom is true, schizocoelous. Blood ventral central nervous system,
52 Which one assists in locomotion?
vascular system is closed. The nervous peripheral nervous system and [CBSE AIPMT 1993]
system is with a pair of cerebral ganglia sympathetic nervous system. (a) Trichocysts in Paramecium
and a double ventral nerve cord bearing (b) Pedicellariae of starfish
ganglia and lateral nerves in each 48 In which of the following (c) Clitellum in Pheretima
segment. chlorocruorin pigment is found? (d) Posterior sucker in Hirudinaria
The blood vascular system consists of (a) Annelida [CBSE AIPMT 2001]
blood vessels and capillaries. Blood is Ans. (d)
(b) Echinodermata
composed of fluid plasma and In Hirudinaria locomotion takes place by
colourless corpuscles, physiologically (c) Insecta looping and swimming in which its
comparable to the leucocytes of (d) Lower Chordata posterior suckers provide help as setae
vertebrates. Ans. (a) are not present for locomotion.
Pseudocoelom is the body cavity of Chlorocruorin is a respiratory pigment
Aschelminthes (roundworm). 53 Blood of Pheretima is
(green, fluorescing red) dissolved in the [CBSE AIPMT 1990]
plasma of some polychaete worms
46 Earthworms have no skeleton but (annelid). (a) blue with haemocyanin in
corpuscles
during burrowing, the anterior end
becomes turgid and acts as a 49 Functionwise, just as there are (b) blue with haemocyanin in plasma
hydraulic skeleton. It is due to nephridia in an earthworm, so are (c) red with haemoglobin in
[CBSE AIPMT 1996] corpuscles
[CBSE AIPMT 2008]
(a) parotid glands in toad (d) red with haemoglobin in plasma
(a) coelomic fluid (b) blood
(b) statocysts in prawn Ans. (d)
(c) gut peristalsis (d) setae
(c) flame cells in liver fluke Blood of Pheretima is red in colour and
Ans. (a) (d) myotomes in fish respiratory pigment haemoglobin is
The body cavity (coelom) of earthworm is dissolved in blood plasma.
Ans. (c)
filled with an alkaline, colourless or milky
coelomic fluid containing water, salts Flame cells in liver fluke are excretory 54 Pheretima posthuma is highly
some proteins and four types of organs as nephridia in an earthworm.
useful as [CBSE AIPMT 1990]
coelomic corpuscles i.e. phagocytes,
mucocytes, circular nucleated cells and 50 True coelom is the space lying (a) their burrows make the soil loose
chloragogen cells. During burrowing the between the alimentary canal and (b) they make the soil porous, leave
coelomic fluid becomes turgid and acts body wall enclosed by the layers of their castings and take organic
as hydraulic skeleton. [CBSE AIPMT 1996] debris in the soil
 (c) they are used as fish meal Grasshopper belong to Acrididae family the correct option using the codes
(d) they kill the birds due to Cockroach belong to Blattidae family. given below: [NEET 2016, Phase II]
biomagnification of chlorinated
hydrocarbons 58 Match the following organisms Column I Column II

Ans. (b) with their respective A. Family 1. Diptera

Pheretima posthuma is useful for characteristics. B. Order 2. Arthropoda
farmers as they enrich the soil by their [NEET (National) 2019] C. Class 3. Muscidae
excretory wastes and make the soil Column I Column II D. Phylum 4. Insecta
porous.
A. Pila (i) Flame cells Codes
55 Earthworms are [CBSE AIPMT 1989] B. Bombyx (ii) Comb plates A B C D
(a) useful C. Pleurobrachia (iii) Radula (a) 3 1 4 2
(b) harmful D. Taenia (iv) Malpighian (b) 3 2 4 1
(c) more useful than harmful tubules (c) 4 3 2 1
(d) more harmful (d) 4 2 1 3
Select the correct option from the
Ans. (a) Ans. (a)
following :
Earthworms are friends of farmers Classification of housefly
A B C D
because they enrich the soil by A. Family – Muscidae
(a) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
nephridial excretion, it increases the B. Order – Diptera
(b) (ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
fertility of soil. They also help in C. Class – Insecta
(c) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
ploughing of fields, make the soil D. Phylum – Arthropoda
(d) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
porous. Earthworms are also used for Short Trick The question can be easily
dissection in laboratories. Ans. (a)
solved via elimination technique as (D)
(A)–(iii), (B)–(iv), (C)–(ii), (D)–(i) phylum is given with (2) Arthropoda
56 Photoreceptors of earthworm occur Pila or apple snail contains a file-like combination in only option (a). This
on [CBSE AIPMT 1989] rasping organ called radula for feeding. easily eliminates other options as
(a) clitellum (b) many eyes Bombyx or silkworm is an arthropod in correct answer. Thus, saves your time
which excretion occurs through too.
(c) dorsal surface (d) lateral sides
Malpighian tubules. The body of
Ans. (c) ctenophore Pleurobranchia bears eight 61 Which group of animals belong to
Photoreceptors (with L-shaped lens or rows of ciliated comb plates, which help the same phylum? [NEET 2013]
optic organelles) are present on the in locomotion. (a) Malarial parasite, Amoeba,
surface of skin on dorsal side. In Taenia, excretion occurs through mosquito
Earthworm has no eyes, specialised cells called flame cells (b) Earthworm, pinworm, tapeworm
photoreceptors are used to judge which contain a protonephridia.
(c) Prawn, scorpion, Locusta
intensity and duration of light, but do
not have the capacity of vision. 59 Which of the following features is (d) Sponge, sea anemone, starfish
not present in the Ans. (c)
phylum–Arthropoda? Prawn, Scorpion, Locusta belong to
TOPIC 7 [NEET 2016, Phase I] phylum– Arthropoda therefore, it is
correct. Others can be corrected as
Phylum-Arthropoda (a) Metameric segmentation
Malarial parasite (Plasmodium vivax) and
(b) Parapodia Amoeba belong to phylum–Protozoa.
(c) Jointed appendages
57 Which one of the following Mosquito—Phylum –Arthropoda
(d) Chitinous exoskeleton
belongs to the family-Muscidae ? Earthworm — Phylum –Annelida
[NEET 2021] Ans. (b) Pinworm and Tapeworm –Phylum–
(a) Firefly (b) Grasshopper Parapodia are present in aquatic Aschelminthes
(c) Cockroach (d) Housefly annelids like Nereis, which help them in Sponge—Phylum—Porifera, Sea
swimming. Other three features, i.e. anemone –
Ans. (d)
metameric segmentation, jointed Phylum — Coelenterata
Housefly belong to Muscidae family. appendages and chitinous exoskeleton Starfish — Phylum-Echinodermata
Muscidae are a family of flies found in are present in phylum—Arthropoda. Out
superfamily-Muscoidea. The of these metameric segmentation is 62 One of the representative of
family-Muscidae is a large dipteran visible as tagmetisation.
family comprised of more than 5000 Phylum– Arthropoda is [NEET 2013]
species. (a) cuttle fish (b) silver fish
60 Match column I with column II for (c) puffer fish (d) flying fish
Other options can be explained as:
housefly classification and select
Firefly belong to Lampyridae family
 Ans. (b) 65 Which of the following is correctly 67 Which one of the following is the
Silver fish — Arthropoda (phylum) states as it happens in the true description about an animal
Silver fish is a small, wingless insect in common cockroach? concerned? [CBSE AIPMT 2008]
the order Thysanura. [CBSE AIPMT 2011]
(a) Earthworm— The alimentary canal
Cuttle fish — Mollusca (a) Oxygen is transported by consists of a sequence
Putter fish — Chordata (phylum), haemoglobin in blood of pharynx,
class — Pisces oesophagus, stomach,
(b) Nitrogenous excretory product is gizzard and intestine
Flying fish — Pisces. urea
(b) Frog — Body divisible into three
(c) The food is ground by mandibles regions— head, neck
63 Which of the following are and gizzard and trunk
correctly matched with respect to (d) Malpighian tubules are excretory (c) Rat — Left kidney is slightly
organs projecting out from the higher in position than
their taxonomic classification? the right one
[NEET 2013] colon
(d) Cockroach — 10 pairs of spiracles (2
(a) Flying fish, cuttle fish, silver Ans. (c) pairs on thorax and 8
fish—Pisces In cockroach, mandibles are a pair of pairs on abdomen)
(b) Centipede, millipede, spider, hard, strong, large, dark coloured
scorpion—Insecta triangular, structures which move in Ans. (d)
(c) House fly, butterfly, tse-tse fly, horizontal motion and crush food The respiratory system of cockroach
silver fish—Insecta between them. consists of tracheae, tracheoles and
Gizzard or proventriculus has an outer spiracles. The main tracheal trunks
(d) Spiny anteater, sea urchin, sea open to exterior on body surface
cucumber—Echinodermata layer of thick circular muscles and thick
inner cuticle forming six highly through 10 pairs of segmentally
Ans. (c) chitinous plate called teeth. The gizzard arranged spiracles. Two pair of
Option (c) is correctly matched acts as the grinding chamber and helps spiracles are thoracic (one between pro
housefly, butterfly, tse-tse fly, silver in grinding the food particles. and mesothorax and other between
fish–Insecta of phylum–Arthropoda. meso and metathorax). Eight pairs of
spiracle are abdominal (one pair in each
Others can be corrected as 66 Which one of the following groups
of the first eight abdominal segments).
Flying fish, class – Osteichthyes of of three animals each is correctly
Alimentary canal of earthworm is
phylum – Pisces, cuttle fish (Sepia) of matched with their one complete and functionally regioned into
phylum – Mollusca characteristic morphological buccal chamber, pharynx, oesophagus,
Silver fish, class–Insecta of phylum feature? [CBSE AIPMT 2008] gizzard, stomach and intestine.
– Arthropoda
Frog’s body has two main parts, i.e.,
Sea urchin and sea cucumber belong to Morphological
Animals head and trunk. Absence of neck and
Echinodermata. Feature
tail provide convenience in both
Spider and scorpion belong to class (a) Liver fluke, sea — Bilateral hopping and swimming.
– Arachnida of phylum − Arthropoda. anemone, sea symmetry
cucumber
Centipede belongs to class – Chilopoda 68 Which one of the following phyla is
of phylum – Arthropoda. (b) Centipede, — Jointed
prawn, sea appendages correctly matched with its two
Millipede belongs to class – Diplopeda urchin general characteristics?
of phylum – Arthropoda. (c) Scorpion, spider, — Ventral solid [CBSE AIPMT 2008]
Spring anteater belongs to phylum – cockroach central nervous
Mammalia. system (a) Arthropoda — Body divided into
(d) Cockroach, — Metameric head, thorax and
locust, Taenia segmentation abdomen and
64 Which one of the following have respiration by
the highest number of species in tracheae
Ans. (c)
nature? [CBSE AIPMT 2011] Characteristic Animal (b) Chordata — Notochord at some
(a) Insects stage and separate
Bilateral —Liver fluke, Taenia anal and urinary
(b) Birds symmetry openings to the
(c) Angiosperms Jointed —Prawn, cockroach, outside
(d) Fungi appendages scorpion (c) Echinodermata— Pentamerous radial
Ans. (a) Ventral solid —Scorpion, spider, symmetry and mostly
central Cockroach internal fertilisation
More than 70% of all the species nervous system
recorded are animals. Among animals, (d) Mollusca — Normally oviparous
Metameric —Annelids
insects are the most species rich and development
segmentation through a
taxonomic group, making more than
Radial —Sea anemone trochophore or
70% of the total. It means out of every symmetry
10 animals on this planet, 7 are insects. veliger larva
 Ans. (a) 71 From the following statements 74 What is common among silver
Arthropoda is the largest phylum of select the wrong one. fish, scorpion, crab and honeybee?
animal kingdom. Body of an arthropod [CBSE AIPMT 2005] [CBSE AIPMT 1997]
is divisible into head, thorax and (a) Millipedes have two pairs of (a) Compound eyes
abdomen. Head and thorax often fused (b) Poison glands
appendages in each segment of
to form cephalothorax. The respiration
the body (c) Jointed appendages
takes place by general body surface,
gills, tracheae or book lungs. (b) Prawn has two pairs of antennae (d) Metamorphosis
Molluscs are mostly dioecious or
(c) Animals belonging to Ans. (c)
monoecious, one or more gonads with phylum–Porifera are exclusively The main characteristics of phylum—
gonoducts, opening into renal ducts or marine Arthropoda are as follows
to exterior. The fertilisation is external (d) Nematocysts are characteristic of
(i) Jointed appendages, present in
or internal, development direct or the phylum–Cnidaria some or all somite or segments, but
indirect through free larval forms.
Ans. (b) often modified for specialised
Echinoderms have a pentamerous functions like walking, clinging,
radial symmetry derived from an Prawn does not have two pairs of
antennae instead it has one pair of jumping, etc.
original bilateral symmetry. The
fertilisation is external, development antennae and one pair of antennules. (ii) Bilateral symmetry.
indirect through free-swimming larval (iii) Exoskeleton of cuticle.
forms. 72 In Arthropoda, head and thorax are (iv) Complex muscular system.
Chordates are sharply distinguished often fused to form (v) Reduced coelom.
from non-chordates by presence of cephalothorax, but in which one of (vi) Complete digestive system.
notochord, dorsal tubular central the following classes, is the body (vii) Open circulatory system.
nervous system and pharyngeal gills (viii) Respiration by body surface, gills,
slits. divided into head, thorax and
trachea (air tubes), or book lungs.
abdomen? [CBSE AIPMT 2004]
69 What is true about Nereis, (ix) Paired excretory glands called
(a) Insecta
coxal, antennal or maxillary glands
scorpion, cockroach and silver (b) Myriapoda present in some, homologous to
fish? [CBSE AIPMT 2007] (c) Crustacea metameric nephridial system of
(a) They all have jointed paired (d) Arachnida and Crustacea annelids, some with other excretory
appendages Ans. (a) organs called Malpighian tubules.
(b) They all possess dorsal heart An arthropod body consists of head, (x) Nervous system with dorsal brain
(c) None of them is aquatic thorax and abdomen, in some cases connected by a ring around the
(d) They all belong to the same head and thorax may be fused to form gullet to a double nerve chain of
phylum cephalothorax. Class—Insecta have ventral ganglia.
body divided into head, thorax and (xi) Sexes usually separate.
Ans. (c)
abdomen.
Nereis living in burrows in sand or mud 75 A larval stage occurs in the life
often with clams. Scorpion are history of all members of the
73 Which one of the following is
abundant in deserts. Cockroach are
found in warmth, dampness and plenty correct matching pair of an animal group [CBSE AIPMT 1993]
of organic food to devour. Lepisma and a certain phenomenon it (a) frog, lizard and cockroach
(silver fish) residing in damp cool places exhibits? [CBSE AIPMT 2003] (b) Ascaris, housefly and frog
and feeding on starch of starchy (a) Chameleon — Mimicry (c) housefly, earthworm and mosquito
matter. (d) butterfly, frog and mosquito
(b) Taenia — Polymorphism
70 Two common characters found in (c) Pheretima — Sexual dimorphism Ans. (d)
centipede, cockroach and crab are (d) Musca — Complete Lizard, cockroach, Ascaris, earthworm
[CBSE AIPMT 2006]
metamorphosis shows direct development in their life
Ans. (d) cycle. Whereas, butterfly have catterpillar,
(a) compound eyes and anal cerci
frog have tadpole and mosquito have
(b) jointed legs and chitinous The young forms of housefly (maggot, wriggler larvae in their life cycle.
exoskeleton pupas) are entirely different from the
(c) green gland and tracheae adult, the metamorphosis being 76 Adult Culex and Anopheles can be
(d) book lungs and antennae complete (holometabolic distinguished with the help of
metamorphosis). Metamorphosis is a [CBSE AIPMT 1992]
Ans. (b) process during which an animal
Crab, centipede and cockroach belong (a) mouth parts/colour
undergoes a comparatively rapid (b) sitting posture
to phylum–Arthropoda. These have changes from their larval stages to
jointed appendages and chitinous (c) antennae/wings
adult form.
exoskeleton. (d) feeding habits
 Ans. (b) Ans. (a) Ans. (c)
The body of Anopheles mosquito makes Malpighian tubules are the excretory (A)-(2), (B)-(3, (C)-(4), (D)-(1)
an angle of 45° while sitting whereas organs of insects. These are ● Physalia belongs to
the body of Culex mosquito lies parallel unbranched tubules lying almost freely phylum-Coelenterata (Cnidaria) and is
to the surface. in haemocoel and open into alimentary commonly known as Portuguese
canal. The main function of these
77 Male and female cockroaches can man-of-war.
tubules is to absorb nitrogenous waste
● Limulus belongs to
be distinguished externally product.
through [CBSE AIPMT 1991]
phylum-Arthropoda and is a living fossil
and commonly termed as king crab.
(a) anal styles in male 82 Kala-azar and oriental sore are ● Ancylostoma belongs to
(b) anal cerci in female spread by [CBSE AIPMT 1990]
phylum-Aschelminthes and is
(c) anal style and antennae in females (a) housefly (b) bed bug commonly referred to as hookworm.
(d) Both (b) and (c) (c) sand fly (d) fruit fly ● Pinctada belongs to phylum-Mollusca

Ans. (a) Ans. (c) and is commonly called pearl oyster.

Anal style, a pair of small, spine–like Kala-azar and oriental sore both the 85 In which one of the following, the
unjointed structures are present on disease are caused by Leishmania. It is genus name, its two characters
sternite of 9th segment in males only. digenetic and intermediate host is sand
and its phylum are not correctly
fly belonging to the genus Phlebotomus.
78 Metamorphosis of insects is matched, whereas the remaining
Leishmania donovani causes kala-azar
regulated through hormone three are correct?
or visceral leishmaniasis which is also
[CBSE AIPMT 1991] [CBSE AIPMT 2012]
called dum-dum fever, infection occurs
(a) pheromone (b) thyroxine chiefly in spleen and liver, secondarily in Genus Name Two characters Phylum
(c) ecdysone (d) All of these bone marrow and intestinal villi. (a) Pila (i) Body Mollusca
Ans. (c) L. tropica causes oriental sore or segmented
cutaneous leishmaniasis in man. (ii) Mouth with
Metamorphosis is regulated by
Radula
ecdysone hormone secreted by
prothoracic glands. This hormone was 83 Silk thread is obtained from silk (b) Asterias (i) Spiny skinnedEchinoder-
isolated in a crystalline form in 1954 by moth during [CBSE AIPMT 1988] mata
Butenandt and Karlson. (a) pupal stage (b) larval stage (ii) Water
vascular
79 An insect regarded as greatest (c) nymph stage (d) adult stage system
mechanical carrier of diseases is Ans. (a) (c) Sycon (i) Pore bearing Porifera
[CBSE AIPMT 1991] Caterpillar feeds on mulberry leaves. Its (ii) Canal system
(a) Pediculus (b) Cimex salivary gland secretes liquid silk. Silk is (d) Periplaneta (i) Jointed Arthropo-da
(c) Musca (d) Xenopsylla obtained from (pupa, chrysalis). Ripe appendages
cocoons are treated with boiling water (ii) Chitinous
Ans. (c) to kill the moth before hatching. exoskeleton
Musca (house fly) is the carrier of many
disease as anthrax, trachoma, Ans. (a)
diarrhoea, tuberculosis, leprosy, TOPIC 8 Option (a) is incorrect because molluscs
gaugrene, plague, gonorrhoea, typhoid, are bilaterally symmetrical,
cholera and dysentery. Phylum-Mullusca triploblastic, coelomate, soft bodied
animals. Their soft body is covered by a
80 Ecdysis is shedding of calcareous shell and is unsegmented
[CBSE AIPMT 1990]
84 Match the following. [NEET 2021]
with a distinct head, muscular foot and
(a) stratum corneum List-I List-II visceral hump.
(b) epidermis e.g. Pila (apple snail), Sepia (cuttle fish),
A. Physalia 1. Pearl oyster
(c) dermis Pinctada (pearl oyster), etc.
(d) stratum malpighi B. Limulus 2. Portuguese Man
of War 86 Which one of the following is a
Ans. (a) matching set of phylum and its
C. Ancylostoma 3. Living fossil
Ecdysis is the removal of outermost three examples?
partially cornified layer of stratum D. Pinctada 4. Hookworm
[CBSE AIPMT 2006]
corneum, which is then replaced by the
cells formed by stratum germinativum. (a) Cnidaria — Bonellia, Physalia,
Choose the correct answer from
Aurelia
81 Malpighian tubules are the options given below. (b) Platyhelminthes — Planaria,
[CBSE AIPMT 1990]
A B C D Schistosoma, Enterobius
(a) 2 3 1 4 (c) Mollusca — Loligo, Teredo, Octopus
(a) excretory organs of insects
(b) 4 1 3 2 (d) Porifera—Spongilla, Euplectella,
(b) excretory organs of annelids
(c) 2 3 4 1 Pennatula
(c) respiratory organs of insects
(d) 1 4 3 2
(d) respiratory organs of annelids
 Ans. (c) Ans. (b)
Loligo, Teredo and Octopus are the
TOPIC 9 The correct matches are
members of phylum—Mollusca. Phylum-Echinodermata 1. Ophiura (Brittle star) (iii) Echinodermata
Loligo is commonly called squid or sea
arrow and is gregarious, fast swimmer 2. Physalia (Portuguese (iv) Coelenterata
in the open water of the sea and is 90 Read the following statements. man of war)
carnivorous, feeding on crabs and [NEET 2021] 3. Pinctada (ii) Mollusca
fishes. I. Metagenesis is observed in (Pearl oyester)
Octopus (devil fish) is found at the helminths. 4. Planaria (Flatworm) (ii) Platyhelminthes
bottom of the sea. It is nocturnal and II. Echinoderms are triploblastic
feeds on crabs, fishes and other 92 The animal with bilateral
molluscs.
and coelomate animals.
III. Round worms have symmetry in young stage and
Teredo or shipworm is a marine bivalve
which has small anterior shell and long organ-system level of body radial pentamerous symmetry in
slender body with a small foot organisation. the adult stage belong to the
functioning as adhesive structure. IV. Comb plates present in phylum [CBSE AIPMT 2004]

ctenophores help in digestion. (a) Annelida (b) Mollusca

87 Closed circulatory system occurs (c) Cnidaria (d) Echinodermata
V. Water vascular system is
in [CBSE AIPMT 1994]
Ans.
characteristic of echinoderms. (d)
(a) snail Echinoderms are triploblastic animals
(b) cockroach
Choose the correct answer from
with organ system level of organisation.
(c) cuttle fish the options given below.
Larval forms possess bilateral symmetry
(d) All of these (a) III, IV and V are correct while adults have radial symmetry.
(b) I, II and III are correct
Ans. (c) (c) I, IV and V are correct 93 Radial symmetry is usually
Closed circulatory system occurs in (d) II, III and V are correct associated with [CBSE AIPMT 1996]
cuttle fish, i.e. Sepia, cephalopods are
Ans. (d) (a) aquatic mode of life
the only molluscs with a closed
circulatory system. They have two gill Statements II, III and V are correct,
(b) lower grade of organisation
hearts (also known as bronchial hearts) while statements I and IV are incorrect. (c) creeping mode of locomotion
that move blood through capillaries of (d) sedentary mode of life
Incorrect statement can be corrected
the gill. A single systemic heart pumps as- Ans. (b)
the oxygenated blood through rest of Comb plates are present in In radial symmetry body is in the form of
the body. ctenophores which help in locomotion flat or tall cylinder and can be divided
or swimming and not in digestion. into similar halves by more than two
88 Eye of the molluscan group that Metagenesis is the alternation of planes passing through one main axis. It
resembles vertebrate eye is generations between sexual and is found in some sponges, hydras,
[CBSE AIPMT 1992] asexual reproduction. In helminths jellyfish, sea urchin, etc.
(a) Bivalvia (b) Gastropoda metagenesis is not observed.
94 The organisms attached to the
(c) Pelecypoda (d) Cephalopoda
91 Match the following genera with substratum generally, possess
Ans. (d) [CBSE AIPMT 1995]
Cephalopoda contains the most
their respective phylum
[NEET (Odisha) 2019]
(a) radial symmetry
specialised molluscs including squids, (b) one single opening of digestive
Octopus, cuttle fish. In these animals Column I Column II canal
well developed eyes are present which (c) asymmetrical body
resembles vertebrate eyes. 1. Ophiura (i) Mollusca
(d) cilia on surface to create water
2. Physalia (ii) Platyhelminthes current
89 A wood boring mollusc/shipworm Ans. (a)
3. Pinctada (iii) Echinodermata
is [CBSE AIPMT 1988]
The organisms attached to the
(a) Chiton 4. Planaria (iv) Coelenterata
substratum, generally possess radial
(b) Teredo symmetry.
(c) Limax
Select the correct option from the
(d) Patella following 95 Radial symmetry is often exhibited
1 2 3 4 by animals having
Ans. (b) (a) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii) [CBSE AIPMT 1994]
Teredo comes under class—Pelecypoda (b) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii) (a) one opening of alimentary canal
(bivalvia). It is commonly known as (b) aquatic mode of living
(c) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
‘shipworm’. It is destructive to wood in
(d) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i) (c) benthos/sedentary
sea water.
(d) ciliary mode of feeding
 Ans. (b) Ans. (a) Ans. (d)
Radial animals are usually sessile, freely The members of subphylum–Vertebrata All the three animal groups namely
floating or weakly swimming. possess notochord during the Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata
embryonic period. The notochord is possess organ system level of
96 Tube feet occur in replaced by a cartilaginous or bony organisation, bilateral symmetry and
[CBSE AIPMT 1994] vertebral column in the adult. Thus, all true coelom with segmented body.
vertebrates are chordates but, all Molluscans are also bilaterally
(a) cockroach (b) starfish
chordates are not vertebrates. symmetrical and show organ system
(c) cuttle fish (d) cat fish grade of organisation but they do not
Ans. (b) possess segmented body.
101 Which of the following statements
In starfish locomotion takes place by
are true for the phylum–Chordata? 103 An important characteristic that
external tube feet, connected with
[NEET (Sep.) 2020]
water vascular system. hemichordates share with
I. In Urochordata notochord chordates is [NEET 2017]
97 Aristotle’s lantern occurs in class extends from head to tail and it
(a) absence of notochord
[CBSE AIPMT 1992] is present throughout their life.
(b) ventral tubular nerve cord
(a) Echinoidea (b) Asteroidea II. In Vertebrata, notochord is (c) pharynx with gill slits
(c) Holothuroidea (d) Ophiuroidea present during the embryonic (d) pharynx without gill slits
Ans. (a) period only.
Ans. (c)
A biting or masticatory apparatus or III. Central nervous system is dorsal
and hollow. The important characteristic that
Aristotle’s lantern’ is present in the
hemichordates share with chordates is
members of class— Echinoidea. IV. Chordata is divided into 3 pharynx with gillslits. These gillslits are
subphyla, Hemichordata, narrow openings in the pharynx. The
98 Star fish belongs to Tunicata and Cephalochordata. position of these pharyngeal gillslits is
[CBSE AIPMT 1992] lateral in chordates, while dorsal in
(a) III and I
(a) Asteriodea (b) Ophiuroidea hemichordates.
(b) I and II
(c) Holothuroidea (d) Crinoidea
(c) II and III
Ans. (a) 104 Choose the correct statement.
(d) IV and III
[NEET 2016, Phase II]
Starfish belongs to class—Asteroidea. Ans. (c) (a) All mammals are viviparous
Statement II and III are correct. (b) All cyclostomes do not possess
99 Which one occurs in
Statement I and IV are incorrect and jaws and paired fins
Echinodermata? [CBSE AIPMT 1991] can be corrected as (c) All reptiles have a
(a) Bilateral symmetry In Urochordata, notochord is present three-chambered heart
(b) Radial symmetry only in larval tail, while in (d) All Pisces have gills covered by an
(c) Porous body Cephalochordata, it extend from head operculum
(d) Soft skin to tail region and is persistent
throughout their life. Ans. (b)
Ans. (b)
Phylum–Chordata is divided into three Cyclostomata is a class belonging to
Echinoderms are triploblastic and section 1-Agnatha of subphylum–
radially symmetrical but their larvae are subphyla i.e. Urochordata or Tunicata,
Cephalochordata and Vertebrata. Vertebrata.
bilaterally symmetrical.
It is a paraphytelic superclass of jawless
102 Consider the following features. fishes. They lack paired fins too. Thus,
TOPIC 10 [NEET (National) 2019]
option (b) is correct.

Phylum-Chordata A. Organ system level of 105 In which of the following notochord

organisation is present in embryonic stage?
B. Bilateral symmetry [CBSE AIPMT 2002]
100 All vertebrates are chordates, but C. True coelomates with (a) All chordates (b) Some chordates
all chordates are not vertebrates, segmentation of body (c) Vertebrates (d) Non-chordates
why? [NEET (Oct.) 2020]
Select the correct option of Ans. (a)
(a) Notochord is replaced by vertebral
column in adult of some
animal groups which possess all Notochord is the primary axial
chordates the above characteristics. supportive structure present in all
(b) Ventral hollow nerve cord remains (a) Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca chordate embryos as well as in many
(b) Arthropoda, Mollusca and adults. In a vast majority, it is replaced
throughout life in some chordates
Chordata by vertical column in adults.
(c) All chordates possess vertebral Vertebrates come under the category
column (c) Annelida, Mollusca and Chordata
of chordate. Non-chordates do not
(d) All chordates possess notochord (d) Annelida, Arthropoda and contain notochord.
throughout their life Chordata
106 Besides Annelida and Arthropoda, Ans. (b) Ans. (c)
the metamerism is exhibited by Penguins are found in Antarctica (South The option (c) is the correct match
[CBSE AIPMT 1995] pole). They have paddle like wings and which is as follows
(a) Cestoda cannot fly. Penguins are marine and lay Aptenodytes is penguin
(b) Chordata eggs in ice. Pteropus is flying fox
(c) Mollusca Pterophyllum is angel fish
111 A chordate character is
(d) Acanthocephala Petromyzon is lamprey
[CBSE AIPMT 1989]
Ans. (b) (a) gills 115 Match the following columns and
Chordates also exhibit metameric (b) spiracles select the correct option.
segmentation. This is because of (c) post-anal tail [NEET (Sep.) 2020]
repetition of homologous structures
(d) chitinous exoskeleton Column I
along the length of an animal. Column II
Ans. (c) A. 6-15 pairs of gill 1. Trygon
107 A common characteristic of all Presence of post-anal tail is one of the slits
vertebrates is [CBSE AIPMT 1994] characters of chordate. B. Heterocercal 2. Cyclostomes
(a) presence of skull caudal fin
(b) division of body into head, neck, 112 Necturus is [CBSE AIPMT 1988] C. Air bladder 3. Chondrichthyes
trunk and tail (a) hell bender D. Poison sting 4. Osteichthyes
(c) presence of two pairs of
functional appendages (b) congo eel A B C D
(d) body is covered with an (c) mud puppy (a) 3 4 1 2
exoskeleton (d) blind worm (b) 4 2 3 1
Ans. (a) Ans. (c) (c) 1 4 3 2
Vertebrates have well developed (d) 2 3 4 1
Common name of Necturus is mud
cranium (skull) hence, they are also puppy. This comes under Ans. (d)
called as Craniata. order–Urodela. Option (d) is correct. It can be explained
as follows
108 All chordates possess 113 Typhlos is [CBSE AIPMT 1988] Cyclostomes have an elongated body
[CBSE AIPMT 1994] bearing 6-15 pairs of gill slits for
(a) sea snake (b) glass snake
(a) exoskeleton respiration. Air bladder is present in
(b) limbs (c) blind snake (d) grass snake bony fishes belonging to
(c) skull Ans. (c) class-Osteichthyes which regulates
(d) axial skeletal rod of notochord buoyancy.
Typhlos is blind snake and it is
Ans. (d) non-poisonous. Trygon, a cartilaginous fish, possesses
poison sting.
Phylum—Chordata was created by
Balfour in 1880. This refers to the Heterocercal caudal fin is present in
members of class-Chondrichthyes.
presence of a shoft, supporting rod-like TOPIC 11
structure along the back called
Super-Class-Pisces 116 Which of the following
‘notochord’.
characteristic features always
109 All vertebrates possess 114 Match the following columns and holds true for the corresponding
group of animals?
[CBSE AIPMT 1993] select the correct option from the [NEET 2016, Phase I]
(a) renal portal system codes given belows.
(b) dorsal, hollow, central nervous [NEET (Oct.) 2020]
(a) Viviparous Mammalia
system (b) Possess a mouth Chordata
Column I Column II with an upper and a
(c) four chambered ventral heart lower jaw
(d) pharyngeal gill slits A. Aptenodytes 1. Flying fox
(c) 3-chambered heart Reptilia
Ans. (b) B. Pteropus 2. Angel fish with one
C. 3. Lamprey incompletely
Dorsal, hollow, central nervous system Pterophyllum
divided ventricle
is present in all vertebrates. D. Petromyzon 4. Penguin (d) Cartilaginous – Chondrichthyes
110 Penguin occurs in endoskeleton
Codes
[CBSE AIPMT 1990] Ans. (d)
A B C D
(a) Australia (a) 3 4 2 1 Reptiles have 3-chambered heart
(b) Antarctica (b) 3 4 1 2 except crocodiles. Mammals are
(c) Africa (c) 4 1 2 3 viviparous except prototherian
(d) America mammals; chordates have jaws except
(d) 2 1 4 3 protochordates and cyclostomes.
117 A jawless fish, which lays eggs in Ans. (a) (b) Female – Anal cerci
fresh water and whose Option (a) is correctly matched as cockroach
ammocoetes larvae after Petromyzon (lamprey) is an ectoparasite (c) Male shark – Claspers borne
metamorphosis return to the on fishes, which belongs to on pelvic fins
Cyclostomata. Other can be corrected (d) Female – Sharply curved
ocean is [CBSE AIPMT 2015]
as Ichthyophis is a limbless amphibian. Ascaris posterior end
(a) Eptatretus (b) Myxine Limulus (king crab) is a living fossil,
(c) Neomyxine (d) Petromyzon which belongs to Arthropoda. Adamasia Ans. (c)
having polyp body form is a A clasper is a male anatomical structure
Ans. (d)
coelenterate. found in some groups of animals and
Petromyzon (the lamprey) belongs to the
used in mating. Male cartilaginous fish
section Agnatha of the
subphylum—Vertebrata. They have long,
120 Which one of the following groups like shark have claspers formed from
greenish brown, cylindrical body with of animals is correctly matched the posterior portion of their pelvic fin
smooth scaleless, slimy skin, jawless with its one characteristic feature which serves as intermittent organs
mouth, etc. They lay eggs in freshwater, without even a single exception? used to channel semen into the
but their ammocoete larvae (lower) [CBSE AIPMT 2011] female’s cloaca during mating.
after metamorphosis return to the
ocean. (a) Chordata – Possess a mouth 122 Which one of the following pairs of
provided with an
animal comprises ‘jawless fishes’?
118 A marine cartilaginous fish that can upper and a lower
[CBSE AIPMT 2009]
jaw
produce electric current is (a) Lampreys and eels
[CBSE AIPMT 2014] (b) Chondrichthyes – Possess
(b) Mackerals and rohu
(a) Pristis (b) Torpedo cartilaginous
(c) Lampreys and hag fishes
endoskeleton
(c) Trygon (d) Scoliodon (d) Guppies and hag fishes
(c) Mammalia – Give birth to young
Ans. (b) Ans. (c)
ones
Torpedo is a marine cartilaginous fish Lampreys and Myxine (hag fish) belong
which produces 8-220 volt electric (d) Reptilia – Possess
to the class—Cyclostomata,
charge (current) depending on species. 3-chambered heart
with one group–Agnatha of Vertebrata. Agnatha
Their electric organs are modified have mouth without jaws. In these,
incompletely
lateral muscle plates innervated by mouth is ventral, suctorial and circular.
divided ventricle
cranial nerves.
Trygon (sting ray) resembles electric ray Ans. (b) 123 Which one of the following is an
in many aspects but is devoid of The members of class–Chondrichthyes
electricity discharging (or producing) exotic Indian fish?
are marine animals with streamlined [CBSE AIPMT 1996]
organs. body and have cartilaginous
Scoliodon (dog fish) is known for its (a) Catla catla
endoskeleton.
great sense of smell. Chordata These possessing a (b) Heteropneustes fossilis
Pristis or common saw fish (also known notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord, (c) Cyprinus caprio
as carpenters shark) is characterised by pharyngeal slits, an endostyle and a (d) Labeo rohita
a long, narrow, flattened rostrum lined post and tail for atleast some period of
with sharp transverse teeth to their life cycle. Ans. (c)
resembles a saw. Mammalia These are a clade of Cyprinus caprio is the exotic breed. It is
endothermic amniotes distinguished also known as common carp. It is a
119 Match the name of the animal from reptiles and birds by the widespread fresh water fish of
(column I) with one characteristics possession of hair, three middle ear eutrophic water lakes and rivers in
(column II) and the phylum/class bones, mammary glands, and a Europe and Asia.
(column III) to which it belongs neocortex.
[NEET 2013] Reptile These are an evolutionary 124 Fish which can be used in biological
clade of animals, comprising today’s control of mosquitoes/larvicidal
Column I Column II Column III turtles, crocodilians, snakes, lizards and fish is [CBSE AIPMT 1989, 99, 2001]
(a) Petromyzon Ectoparasite Cyclostomata tuatara, their extinct relatives and some (a) eel
of the extinct ancestors of mammals.
(b) Ichthyophis Terrestrial Reptilia (b) carp
121 What will you look for to identify (c) cat fish
(c) Limulus Body Pisces
covered by the sex of the following? d) Gambusia
chitinous [CBSE AIPMT 2011] Ans. (d)
exoskeleton
Gambusia (mosquito fish) eats the
(a) Male frog – A copulatory pad
(d) Adamsia Radially Porifera larvae of mosquito, so it is used in
on the first digit
symmetrical of the hindlimb biological control of mosquito.
TOPIC 12 water leading to the conclusion that TOPIC 13
amphibians have originated from fishes.
Class-Amphibia Class-Reptilia
127 Mucus helps frog in forming
125 In which one of the following the [CBSE AIPMT 1993] 132 Which of the following pairs are
genus name, its two characters and (a) thick skin (b) dry skin correctly matched?
its class/phylum are correctly (c) smooth skin (d) moist skin [CBSE AIPMT 2007]
matched? [CBSE AIPMT 2011] Ans. (d) Animals Morphological features
Class/ Mucus helps frog in keeping the skin (i) Crocodile — Four-chambered
Genus Two characters
phylum moist that helps in cutaneous heart
(a) Salamandra (i) A tympanum Amphibia respiration when the frog is in
hibernation or estivation.
(ii) Sea urchin — Parapodia
represents
ear (iii) Obelia — Metagenesis
(ii) Fertilisation 128 Bull frog of India is (iv) Lemur — Thecodont
is external [CBSE AIPMT 1992] (a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(b) Pteropus (i) Skin Mammalia (a) Rana tigrina (b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
possesses (b) R. sylvatica
hair (c) Only (i) and (iv)
(c) R. ecutesbeiana (d) Only (i) and (ii)
(ii) Oviparous
(d) R. esculenta Ans. (a)
(c) Aurelia (i) Cnidoblast Coelenter
ata Ans. (a) Exceptionally, crocodile has
(ii) Organ level Indian bull frog is Rana tigrina. four-chambered heart. In Obelia the
of alternation of generation is called
organisation 129 Skin is a respiratory organ in metagenesis in which an asexual
(d) Ascaris (i) Body Annelida [CBSE AIPMT 1990] polypoid generation appears to
segmented alternate regularly with a sexual
(a) lizards
(ii) Males and medusoid generation.
(b) birds
females Thecodont dentition is found in
distinct (c) primitive mammals
mammals.
(d) frog
Ans. (a) Ans. (d) 133 In which of the following animal,
Salamandra (salamander) is a member Frog is an amphibian and its skin is well post-anal tail is found?
of class–Amphibia. It has a tympanum adapted or in other words acts as a [CBSE AIPMT 2001]
representing the ear and fertilisation is secondary respiratory organ when it is (a) Earthworm
external. in water.
(b) Lower invertebrate
126 The presence of gills in the (c) Scorpion
130 Which is not a true amphibian
(d) Snake
tadpole of frog indicates that animal? [CBSE AIPMT 1988]
[CBSE AIPMT 2004] (a) Salamander Ans. (d)
(a) fishes were amphibious in the past (b) Toad In snakes, post-anal tail is found.
(b) fishes evolved from frog like Snakes belong to class—Reptilia.
(c) Tortoise
Jurassic period (Mesozoic era) is known
ancestors (d) Frog as Golden age of reptiles. The study of
(c) frogs will have gills in future Ans. (c) snake is known as serpentology.
(d) frogs evolved from gilled
Tortoise is a reptile of
ancestors
Ans. (d)
sub–class—Anapsida and
order—Chetomia or Testudinata.
TOPIC 14
According to biogenetic law of Ernst Class-Aves
Haeckel (1860) Ontogeny repeats 131 Fire bellied toad is
Phylogeny. Ontogeny is the life history [CBSE AIPMT 1988] 134 Which one of the following
of an organism, while phylogeny is the (a) Amphiuma organisms bears hollow and
evolutionary history of the race of that (b) Bombinator
organism. In other words we can say ‘an pneumatic long bones?
organism repeats its ancestral history (c) Necturus [NEET 2021]
during its development’. Hence, (d) Salamandra (a) Neophron
resemblance of Amphibia to fish is seen Ans. (b) (b) Hemidactylus
in most systems of the body, both are (c) Macropus
Fire bellied toad is Bombinator and this
cold-blooded, both respire by gills (as
is an Anuran. (d) Ornithorhynchus
tadpole of frog), both usually lay eggs in
 Ans. (a) Ans. (d) 141 Pneumatic bones are expected to
Pneumatic bones are hollow bones Nearly a century ago TH Huxley called be found in [CBSE AIPMT 1996]
found in birds, which enables them to birds ‘glorified reptiles’ thereby meaning (a) pigeon (b) house lizard
fly. Neophron is a bird. that birds have evolved from some
(c) frog’s tadpole (d) flying fish
Other options are incorrect because reptilian ancestor. Both birds and
● Hemidactylus is a reptile. reptiles lay the same type of eggs, Ans. (a)
● Macropus is a mammal. which are deposited outside water. In birds like pigeon bones are
● Ornithorhynchus is a mammal.
Eggs are large and telolecithal. The pneumatic or hollow and have no
ovum is surrounded by albumen, an egg marrow, thus helps in reducing the body
membrane and a thick hard calcareous weight.
135 Match the following (Columns) shell, which are all secreted by special
group of organisms with their glands located in the walls of oviduct. 142 The flightless bird cassowary is
respective distinctive Like mammals birds also have complete found in [CBSE AIPMT 1996]
characteristics and select the four chambered heart with double
circulation, in which there is no mixing (a) Mauritius (b) Australia
correct option from the codes
of pure and impure bloods. Whereas, (c) New Zealand (d) Indonesia
given belows [NEET (Oct.) 2020]
the ventricle is imperfectly divided in
Ans. (b)
Column-I Column-II reptiles, resulting in partial mixing of
(Organisms) blood. Cassowary (Casuarius) is found in
(Characteristics)
Australia and New Guinea.
A. Platyhelminthes 1. Cylindrical body with
no segmentation 137 Which of the following is not found
in birds? [CBSE AIPMT 1999]
143 What is common between ostrich,
B. Echinoderms 2. Warm blooded
(a) Hind limb (b) Pectoral girdle
penguin and kiwi?
animals with direct
[CBSE AIPMT 1993]
development (c) Pelvic girdle (d) Fore limb
(a) Running birds (b) Migratory birds
C. Hemichordates 3. Bilateral symmetry Ans. (d)
with incomplete (c) Flightless birds (d) Four toed birds
Fore limbs of birds are modified into
digestive system Ans. (c)
wings.
D. Aves 4. Radial symmetry Ostrich (Struthio), penguin (Aptenodytes)
with indirect and kiwi (Apteryx) all are flightless birds.
138 The long bones are hollow and
development
connected by air passage. They are
144 Sound box of birds is called
Codes the characteristics of [CBSE AIPMT 1992]
A B C D [CBSE AIPMT 1998]
(a) pygostyle (b) larynx
(a) 3 4 1 2 (a) Aves
(c) syrinx (d) synsacrum
(b) 2 3 4 1 (b) mammals
(c) 4 1 2 3 (c) Reptilia Ans. (c)
(d) 1 2 3 4 (d) land vertebrates Sound box of birds is called syrinx, this
produces voice. It lies at or near
Ans. (a) Ans. (a) junction of trachea and bronchi.
The option (a) is the correct match The bones of birds are pneumatic, (i.e.
which is as follows they have air cavities) to reduce weight 145 Flight muscles of bird are attached
Platyhelminthes are bilaterally which help them in flying.
to [CBSE AIPMT 1989]
symmetrical with incomplete digestive
(a) clavicle (b) keel of sternum
system, e.g. Taenia. 139 Feet of kingfisher are modified for
(c) scapula (d) coracoid
Echinoderms are radially symmetrical [CBSE AIPMT 1988]
with indirect development, e.g. star (a) wading (b) perching Ans. (b)
fish, sea urchin etc. Sternum of birds is large, usually with a
(c) running (d) catching
● Hemichordates are cylindrical bodied vertical, midneutral keel which provides
animal with no segmentation, e.g. Ans. (a) attachment of flight muscles.
[Link] are Kingfisher is fish-eating bird and its
warm-blooded animals with direct feet are modified for wading. It is 146 Wish bone of birds is formed from
grouped into order–Coraciifermers, [CBSE AIPMT 1989]
development like pigeon.
which comes in family– Alcedinidae.
(a) pelvic girdle
136 Which one of the following in (b) skull
140 Bird vertebrae are
birds, indicates their reptilian [CBSE AIPMT 1988]
(c) hindlimbs
ancestry? [CBSE AIPMT 2008]
(a) acoelous (b) heterocoelous
(d) pectoral girdle/clavicles
(a) Scales on their hindlimbs Ans. (d)
(c) amphicoelous (d) procoelous
(b) Four chambered heart Both clavicles and a single interclavicle
(c) Two special chambers crop and Ans. (b) fused to form a V-shaped bone called
gizzard in their digestive tract Bird vertebrae are heterocoelous or furcula or wish bone or merry-thought
(d) Eggs with a calcareous shell saddle shaped. bone.
147 Both male and female pigeons Ans. (b) Ans. (b)
secrete milk, through RBCs or erythrocytes of frog are oval, Since, terrestrial animals do not have
[CBSE AIPMT 1988] disc–like biconvex, have centrally automatic access to either fresh or salt
(a) salivary glands placed nucleus and with haemoglobin. water, they must regulate water
Usually in mammals (including human), content in other ways, balancing off
(b) modified sweat glands
RBCs are circular and non-nucleated gains and losses.
(c) crop except those of family–Camilladae
(d) gizzard (camels, llamas, etc), which have 155 Given below are four matchings of
Ans. (c) nucleated RBCs. an animal and its kind of respiratory
Both male and female pigeon secrete 151 What is common between parrot, organ [CBSE AIPMT 2003]
milk through crop during breeding
platypus and kangaroo? (i) silver fish — trachea
season.
[CBSE AIPMT 2007] (ii) scorpion — book lung
(a) Homeothermy (iii) sea squirt — pharyngeal gills
TOPIC 15 (b) Toothless jaws (iv) dolphin — skin
Class-Mammalia (c) Functional post-anal tail The correct matchings are
(d) Oviparity (a) (ii) and (iv) (b) (iii) and (iv)
148 Which among these is the correct (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
combination of aquatic mammals? Ans. (a)
Parrot (birds), platypus and kangaroo Ans. (d)
[NEET 2017]
(both mammal) are homeothermic Dolphins are mammals which respire by
(a) Seals, Dolphins, Sharks lungs, which are situated next to the
animals.
(b) Dolphins, Seals, Trygon heart in the thorax cavity.
(c) Whales, Dolphins, Seals 152 In which one of the following sets of
(d) Trygon, Whales, Seals animals do all the four give birth to 156 Trachea of cockroach and
Ans. (c) young ones? [CBSE AIPMT 2006] mammal are similar in having
Among the given options, option (c) (a) Lion, bat, whale, ostrich [CBSE AIPMT 1993]
contains all aquatic mammals. Whales (b) Platypus, penguin, bat, (a) paired nature
are inhabitants of the open sea, while hippopotamus (b) non-collapsible walls
seal (Phoca) is a marine carnivore. (c) Shrew, bat, cat, kiwi (c) ciliated inner lining
Dolphins are found in rivers. Trygon and (d) origin from head
(d) Kangaroo, hedgehog, dolphin, loris
sharks are fishes, which belong to
chondrichthyes class of Ans. (d) Ans. (b)
superclass–Pisces. Kangaroo, hedgehog, dolphin and loris The trachea of cockroach and
are all mammals. These give birth to mammals is lined with spiral thickening
149 Which one of the following young ones. of cuticle called intina which prevents
characteristics is not shared by the tracheal tubes from collapsing.
birds and mammals? 153 Which one of the following
[NEET 2016, Phase I] characters is not typical of the 157 What is common in whale, bat and
(a) Breathing using lungs class–Mammalia? rat? [CBSE AIPMT 1993, 2000, 04]
(b) Viviparity [CBSE AIPMT 2005] (a) Absence of neck
(c) Warm blooded nature (a) Seven cervical vertebrae (b) Muscular diaphragm between
(d) Ossified endoskeleton (b) Thecodont dentition thorax and abdomen
(c) Ten pairs of cranial nerves (c) Extra-abdominal testes to avoid
Ans. (b) high temperature of body
(d) Alveolar lungs
Mammals are viviparous while birds are (d) Presence of external ears
oviparous. Viviparous means giving Ans. (c)
birth to offspring that develops within Ten pairs of cranial nerves are not Ans. (b)
the mother’s body. Oviparous means common in mammals but common in The presence of diaphragm is a
producing eggs that hatch outside the frog. In mammals 12 pairs of cranial characteristic feature of mammals,
body of mother. nerves are found. diaphragm acts as a separater between
thorax and abdomen. Whale, bat and rat
150 Compared to those of humans, the 154 A terrestrial animal must be able all are mammals and have diaphragm.
erythrocytes in frog are to [CBSE AIPMT 2004]
[CBSE AIPMT 2012] (a) excrete large amounts of water in 158 Gorilla, chimpanzee, monkeys and
(a) without nucleus but with urine human belong to the same
haemoglobin (b) conserve water [CBSE AIPMT 1993]
(b) nucleated and with haemoglobin (c) actively pump salts out through (a) species
(c) very much smaller and fewer the skin (b) genus
(d) nucleated and without (d) excrete large amounts of salts in (c) family
haemoglobin urine (d) order
 Ans. (d) Ans. (b) 162 Eutherians are characterised by
Gorilla, chimpanzee, monkeys and Egg laying mammals are primitive [CBSE AIPMT 1989]
humans these all belong to same mammals classified under (a) hairy skin
orderPrimata of class—Mammalia. sub-class–Prototheria. These are (b) true placentation
oviparous, reptile-like mammals,
(c) ovoviviparity (d) glandular skin
159 The cervical vertebrae in humans is confined to Australian region.
[CBSE AIPMT 1993] Ornithorhynchus, (duck billed platypus) Ans. (b)
(a) same as in whale is found is Australia and New Zealand is Infraclass—Eutheria includes viviparous
an egg laying mammal. placental mammals. They give birth to
(b) more than that in rabbit
young ones, which gets nourishment
(c) double than that of horse through placenta inside the body of its
161 Kidney of adult rabbit is
(d) less than that in giraffe mother.
[CBSE AIPMT 1991]
Ans. (a) (a) pronephros
The number of cervical vertebrae is (b) metanephros
163 Hair occur in all mammals except
constant, i.e. 7 in number in all (c) mesonephros those of [CBSE AIPMT 1988]
mammals except sea cow and sloth. So, (a) Rodentia (b) Chiroptera
(d) opisthonephros
the cervical vertebrae in humans is (c) Primata (d) Cetacea
same as in whale. Ans. (b)
Kidney of adult rabbit is metanephros Ans. (d)
160 An egg laying mammal is which is divided into cortex and medulla Order—Cetacea of mammals consists of
[CBSE AIPMT 1992, 2000] and its duct is useless. This is most aquatic mammals in which hairs are
advanced type of kidney found in man present only on snout, e.g. porpoise,
(a) kangaroo (b) platypus
and rabbit. killer whale, dolphin, blue whale, sperm
(c) koala (d) whale whale, etc.