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Binary Relations and Functions

This document discusses binary relations and properties of relations over sets. It defines concepts like reflexive, symmetric, transitive, injective and surjective relations. It also discusses functions, their domains and codomains. Examples of different types of relations and functions are provided.

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21vishnuvp
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
64 views7 pages

Binary Relations and Functions

This document discusses binary relations and properties of relations over sets. It defines concepts like reflexive, symmetric, transitive, injective and surjective relations. It also discusses functions, their domains and codomains. Examples of different types of relations and functions are provided.

Uploaded by

21vishnuvp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Kdatoos Aned tundiore.

A nd dlov osleshe pnees CorT prordd 3AandJe


demtol by 4NB Ca,b)/a f A, be B2 i erpodovas
s cods A xB t
p emesbs o A ad B.
A-a,b3 B1,2 A Axb: zca),(a:5).(b,.(b)
ab-md crd.
cb belongs 4 xB vd cab)-Cc,d). o d ony
t dRiriston Candissen pwousd i dhes 2 so,n

. * An th den
s x bea o A x Ax..

Binonay Rlcatiorn
Le A be kw e u am sud A 4 B called a binamy

eletieo a binarry elahon Pro Ato B ?» e al


aY Cab uye ai4 b eB
P n e sb u e dam.s in A 141-M and t
m s b in B m IEl-, ho elakeno Pooo 4 incueling
mM
and du nelokion 4xB- 2

i)A CBoca) nCAxc)


) AY CBuc)- Cax0 (Ax¢)
i)CAnB Xc Ax oCexc)
CAoDY C =CAx C) O CB xC)
*4 , 2, 3,43 nd {3, c-{3,4, 73 Dpvve uod Ax(Boc)
AB)oCAxc) AOBxC - Caxc)nc Bxc) )Aul Bxc) CavxCAUED

Boc AxCBnc) ¢
4BC1,Cy s) C2,2DC2,5)C3,2X3,5)C412( +)D
CAxc) c , DC)Cirit 2,3X24) Ca) Cs) (s,AD(3,7) (4,3)C4,4).Ch, 7)3
AB)CAxc)- Sxh

20
nuAmbn

l e A And B be s t Iel-3 re are O%

AB

4=

Pavc AL + a OB) » (c) - CAxc) UCBxc)

AUB, Ca,b)E B
LeCa,b) e (40BD x C 4 Cab) E
A
ab)e A ox Crb) B. [Link]
C a , b E 4, Cob Dec) abg B, Ca,b) E

Ca,bDe C4xc)o Cexc

Funchons
Le 4 and ses a wtie F o 4 4 B danok by F4>8

sa h e 4 t B in e b e v e elamak 4 apears enady one

o 4 t o A calxs A dbntaio F and Bis codamain F


aimages 4 unds kndo P denled b Fcay s cell
ge oF
e A i, 2,3} B-ab,[Link] AnF: 4-B [Link]).lsa
B co cenakn./a,b,d3 aq urk f
Note
Al m n un u no, tumtto
om A > is

One -Oru uocbior Cinjedke éockion)


A ncioo, F:4-~B ald d b oien
injeahve faghen
M eomsn o apeare atmost one as
imae
Funteo F: 4-B lled nor A. ln of sona
on undn ond orl
doPped lolo osbin elomony m ind dumub in A oe

ca Cas) a rda

A ,2,33 B ,2,3,h,53 orhen F-


t,D, (23), (, h) on
Cue Hum .

ohase Alm,I]=

Subjehe unien o h u m nC u a h i v e ) i a isl)


nn Cwjkve
all tho
A Pumitn F: A B 1s

bEB e i s l s t ona a wt Ca)=b

Resbibion tumho!
p f:4B d A, ubrt A flA: A>8.

Ebersio nton
A ab A f:4 &:4 Boe Gcay = Fc) d ee
Gis m eeio FtA

Cowposke Kunchin
P FAB d G:B he u A n dlsn u Comprsi be funchieo

atod C s ne kinhn imm 4 dsreld by gof and « dhoas


gol) = C f )

autn looi
esakiord ge tmdins o7 ml
Debeymin n

4 7lohn rem PP dh b D/m,9 ER y*-*S

Cm y/y fa ottf-i?
on imaao muust haN onua oemec
o n 12, Om) - 2 , dmd hm). 3
qm)
)Aoq )holof)

cch)))
otCfon) nt2)-
C3n-2) +a-
fe Cgobo- PgCbos))
w) bo (gof)- 3
S
e , n B a,b. c? ad c o,",Y, z? h 4 8 :B-

99Fc).Ca.),Cs,bD, Ch} ad -SCa,),CbyD ez)}. g*

t o ) 9 t ) -Jcb)-9
got C)- JCPea))-Jce)-74
E a bom mkio iheseSuch Hud fen) - n, qen)-nH , bch)=n-)

Rnd dgob) goGtob) i bCtop


okh)- icehum)
goltob) gC4Chc)) Cn-1+t
=

Properhes 4 Reldon
RePlenye Relator
Aelahon R on seAis sdt. be eplontve y el A , Co, a) E RR

er Rise raehe e seA , a , 3 , t i n d by Cob) 2R t acb whr a

b ERen R- {C) Cy C4,20 ( 2,3) (3,-)


saReAend vo m l d i n sine ewen e e m t in As eleled o ielb6.

[Link] Relakon
e calleo
Aelhon on A ymmdhrie +Cnn¥ R NER
(on 7 odtety i mmeri ince n o o

3. Anbi - summetstc elabiet

[Link] elolion
*h
A oeia)Po cal.d [Link] m ? EA EP, y,z EP

ny Rz =>aP
s. lnetlonive oelatjoo.
Amlahen R or A « ce|.J nnetlive elokorn, n£A, n P
a h o n R on z Rned by aRy f a y s n rseterive elaho

Par hel ovder Ralahont


A nlaier R00 se A siel oders elhovn, tR i eteive, orhsymmbi

a s iböve.
[Link] Relakhon,
n
4 mlahon B on a se A eapNdune ewon t i s oelemve smmrit
akNe, to am A+Qu mekhio Ns aecyuveln mlohion.

m . z EA ,} m- ndu= 2 kn m 7 . i s lrsanibve.

.'.R eqnalene meaion

Resulb
'o e l t e lotion on A
1s
1. .

mne rt elahun
A is +
on

a,0 no
3.T ne. Retlodve emd sypmel"ic ootn e A s 2
A. lu no. enisqmmebnt
elohon As en

5.9u [Link]}}erhve elotpn Ay ) on


2
nn
6. no. ekehor a hestos e Plenie ieo'Y irillemie .
tA-1,2,3, re *fb a elodio uheh s
suomese e n . IooriWo.
KoNevive, nutie a nen- smmelote

o- c,D.(722C3,3). (h4), Cu,),C45) C3,h)


(23 ), (a,e
11R-c,nc2,2)Cs,5 ),C,aa, )C33 CA 4) (43
hi) R-c,Ce, Dc, 1) Ca, Dc ,8 C3,
Q amhe on
a se 2 keb ,y)/n£z
yE Z, - y a - o PT s a equyalonr eation,

Let AEZ un A-A-o is divisibl by s


Coa e R

,b e e u ab ais divistbl by
dvistble by
Cb,a) Ceb £R
b ) gR Cb )ER a-b ) b -z e divicbl y 3 a -e 43=~e

R i s eauivalente ndoio

P R r h e o en z h o y is dd, e coudker R i

postid ar elerr ededen.

nten,b neh add. s. atero eelomive


'SSymeb

do am y E
o b ane y2 is ed t2 ik nsredd, Ris onuih
,y2, E Z m m se
an

Coreie Relodion: BY)

C nd se toi R subse 4xB CP, eAxB) ard Poi


A am

eo RoR2 is
l [Link] Foo Ac detbra
compeaiden

e L A-?,2,5,h} Biu m,9.* c5,6,73


be R oo A 4 B
R C ), Ca,), C3,), (3,2)
a-3C,c) 4 a R b t.

Lo A 1,33,3 B e , , y , 2 cmr 4,5, 6

(1o, )Co, S).5) Deleomine i) R,o ('Pa UP, )


o) ,oD)oC apPs

PORs =
Co,s) C7,6),,) Ch,6)Co,) (o,s) 5)3
R OCPUKS) -

cy5) C2, t) CA,uDCh,6)Ci,4DC3,4) 3,D(4,5)f


R,OP -C, 9 C3, ) Ca) C4,)Ch,6)

O ORS) Ciy5 C3,5)


Hase diagram CArsiall rsderad se diagsoro)

sheud diqsap porsi sdorn nelahon elemie, nti symmalnne a

anre
kmeve al 4 se d . loop.
hun
aénitive pyries s t
is
th
Rornove d edges impliad b
u u onsitive ppess Cys) delcted

dlee 4 cowse cblosr ha3se


all eaet pin upueo

dwagroestm

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