ASSESSMENT: Solve the following COMPLETELY and NEATLY.
Write your answers on a
yellow pad paper, for the problems that need an EXCEL output, print it in an A4 size bond
paper.
1. In a random experiment of drawing a card from a deck of 52 cards.
a. List all the possible outcomes and call this your sample space S.
ANSWER: A standard deck of 52 playing cards consists of four suits: spades
(♠), hearts (♥), diamonds (♦), and clubs (♣), each with cards numbered 2
through 10, and face cards Jack (J), Queen (Q), King (K), and the Ace (A).
So, when we list all the possible outcomes, we include every individual card
in the deck. The sample space S would include:
S={A♠, 2♠, 3♠, 4♠, 5♠, 6♠, 7♠, 8♠, 9♠, 10♠, J♠, Q♠, K♠, A♥, 2♥, 3♥, 4♥,
5♥, 6♥, 7♥, 8♥, 9♥, 10♥, J♥, Q♥, K♥, A♦, 2♦, 3♦, 4♦, 5♦, 6♦, 7♦, 8♦, 9♦,
10♦, J♦, Q♦, K♦, A♣, 2♣, 3♣, 4♣, 5♣, 6♣, 7♣, 8♣, 9♣, 10♣, J♣, Q♣, K♣}
b. List down the subsets of S corresponding to each of the following events.
i. F = event that the drawn card is a face card.
ANSWER: Face cards in a standard deck of playing cards are Aces (A), Jacks
(J), Queens (Q), and Kings (K). These cards don't have numerical values like
the numbered cards (2 through 10). So, the subset F contains all the face
cards from the sample space S.
In the samples space S, the face cards are: F={A♠, J♠, Q♠, K♠, A♥, J♥, Q♥,
K♥, A♦, J♦, Q♦, K♦, A♣, J♣, Q♣, K♣}
ii. R = event that the drawn card is red.
ANSWER: In a standard deck, the red cards are hearts (♥) and diamonds (♦).
So, the subset R contains all the red cards from the sample space S.
In the samples space S, the red cards are: R={A♥, 2♥, 3♥, 4♥, 5♥, 6♥, 7♥,
8♥, 9♥, 10♥, J♥, Q♥, K♥, A♦, 2♦, 3♦, 4♦, 5♦, 6♦, 7♦, 8♦, 9♦, 10♦, J♦, Q♦,
K♦}
iii. C = event that the drawn card is an ace.
ANSWER: Aces (A) are special cards that can be high or low depending on
the game being played. In this case, we consider them as the cards with the
value 1. So, the subset C contains all the aces from the sample space S.
In the samples space S, the aces are: C={A♠, A♥, A♦, A♣}
2. A ball is drawn at random from a box containing 6 red balls, 4 white balls, and 5 blue
balls. Determine the probability that is a:
a. red
ANSWER: Probability of drawing a red ball:
Number of red balls: 6
Probability (red) = Number of red balls / Total Number of balls = 6/15 or 2/5
b. white
ANSWER: Probability of drawing a white ball:
Number of white balls: 4
Probability (white) = Number of white balls / Total Number of balls = 4/15
c. blue
ANSWER: Probability of drawing a blue ball:
Number of blue balls: 5
Probability (blue) = Number of blue balls / Total Number of balls = 5/15 or 1/3
d. not red
ANSWER: Probability of drawing a not red ball:
Number of not red balls: 9
Probability (not red) = Number of not red balls / Total Number of balls = 9/15
or 3/5.
e. red or white ball
ANSWER: Probability of drawing a red or white ball:
Number of red or white balls: 10
Probability (red or white) = Number of red or white balls / Total Number of
balls = 10/15 or 2/3
