ITEM 200 – AGGREGATE SUBBASE COURSE ITEM 201 – AGGREGATE BASE COURSE ITEM 310 – BITUMINOUS CONCRETE meet

ITEM 310 – BITUMINOUS CONCRETE meet one of the grading requirements of the
SURFACE COURSE, HOT-LAID Table shown below:

MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS: MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS: Gradation Ranges – Hot Plant Mix Bituminous
Description – this item shall consist of Pavements (Mass percent passing square sieves,
Grading – The base course material shall conform constructing a bituminous concrete surface course AASHTO TM and T – 27)
Grading – The sub – base material shall
to the grading requirements shown in the table composed of aggregates, mineral filler, and
conform to the grading requirements in the bituminous material mixed in central plant,
below:
table below: constructed and laid hot on prepared base in

95 – 100
Grading

30 – 50
5 – 15
Sieve Designation Mass Percent

2–5
accordance with specifications and in conformity

100
Sieve Designation Mass Passing

-
-
-

-
-
-
Standard mm Alternate US Passing
Standard Alternate Percent Grading with the limes grades, thickness and typical cross
Standard
mm US Grading – section shown on the plans.
50 2” 100 Standard A B
25 1” 55 – 85 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS:

Grading

45 – 65
35 – 53

10 – 20
9.5 3/8 “ 40 – 75

3–8
100
50 2” 100 -
0.075 No. 200 0 – 12 Bituminous Material – It shall be either medium

-
-

-
-

-
-
37.5 1½“ - 100
25.0 1” 60 – 85 -
curing (MC) Cut Back Asphalt or Asphalt Cement,
Plasticity – The fraction passing the 0.425 19.0 ¾“ - 60 – 85 whichever is called for in the Bill of Quantities.
mm (No. 40) sieve shall have a liquid limit 12.5 ½“ 35 – 65 -
• Asphalt Cement shall conform to the

95 – 100
4.75 No. 4 20 – 50 35 – 55

Grading

75 – 90
62 – 82
38 – 58
22 – 42
11 – 28
not greater than 35 and plasticity index not

2 – 10
100
0.425 No. 40 5 – 20 8 – 25 requirements of AASHTO M 220

-
-
-
greater than 12 as determined by AASHTO T 0.075 No. 200 0 - 12 2 – 14 • Liquid Asphalt
89 and T 90, respectively Rapid Curing – AASHTO M 81
Plasticity – the fraction passing the 0.425 mm Medium Curing – AASHTO M 82
Abrasion – The course retained on a 2.00 (No. 40) Sieve shall have a liquid limit not grater • Emulsified Asphalt

95 – 100
Grading

74 – 92
48 – 70
33 – 53
22 – 40
15 – 30
10 – 20
mm (No. 10) sieve, shall have a mass than 25 and plasticity index not greater than 6 as

4–9
EA (Anionic) – AASHTO M 140 (ASTM D 977)

100
D

-
-
percent of wear not exceeding 50 by the Los determined by AASHTO T 89 and T 90, EA (Cationic) – AASHTO M 208
Angeles Abrasion Tests as determined by respectively.
AASHTO T 96.
Abrasion – The coarse portion retained on a 2.0 Aggregates

95 – 100
mm (No. 10) Sieve shall have a mass percent of

Grading

68 – 86
56 – 78
38 – 60
27 – 47
18 – 37
13 – 28
9 – 20
4–8
California Bearing Ratio – material shall have

100
wear not exceeding 50 by the Los Angeles

-
Coarse Aggregate – coarse aggregate retained
a soaked CBR value of not less than twenty- Abrasion Test (AASHTO T 96). 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve shall be crushed stone,
five (25) percent (AASHTO T 193) crushed slag, or natural gravel, and unless
California Bearing Ratio – The material passing stipulated, shall conform to the quality
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS the 19 mm (1 ¼ “) sieve shall have a soaked CBR requirements of AASHTO M 79.

95 – 100
Grading

68 – 86
56 – 78
38 – 60
27 – 47
18 – 37
11 – 28
6 – 20
0–8
value of not less than 80% (AASHTO T 193). The

100
B

-
In Place Density Test (AASHTO T 191) of CBR value shall be obtained at the maximum dry When crushed gravel is used, it shall be meet the
density (MDD) as determined by AASHTO T180, pertinent requirements of section 2.1 and 3.1 of
each compacted layer shall be at least 100
Method D. AASHTO M 62 and not less than 50 mass percent
percent of the maximum dry density
of particles retained on 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve
determined in accordance with AASHTO T

95 – 100
Grading

75 – 95

54 – 75
36 – 58
25 – 45

11 – 28
shall have at least one fractured face.

0–8
100
180, Method D

-
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS:
Fine Aggregate – Fine aggregate passing the
Where the required thickness is 150 mm or Spreading and Compacting – It shall be in 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve shall consist if natural
less the material may be spread and accordance with all the requirements of sub- sand, stone, stone screening or slag screening or

Designation mm

0.075 (No. 200)

1.18 (No. 16)
0.60 (No. 30)
0.30 (No.50)
37.5 (1 ½ “)

4.75 (No. 4)
12.5 (1/2 “)
section 200.3.3 of Item 200, 1988 DPWH

2.36 (No.8)
compacted in one layer. If more than 150 a combination thereof, and unless otherwise

19 ( 3/4 “)

9.5 (3/8”)
25 (1”)
Standard Specifications for Highways, Bridges,

Sieve
mm, the aggregate sub-base shall spread stipulated shall conform to the quality
and Airports, Volume II except that the field requirements of AASHTO M 29 (ASTM D 1073).
and compacted in two (2) layers of
density required for each layer is not less 100 The several aggregate fraction for the mixture
approximated equal thickness, and maximum percent of the maximum dry density determined shall be sized, grades and combined in such
compacted thickness of any one layer shall in accordance with AASHTO T 180, Method D. proportions that the resulting composite blend
not exceed 150 mm.
Mineral Filler – mineral filler shall consist of ITEM 311 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Coarse Aggregate If slag is used, its density shall not be less than
finely divided mineral matter such as rock, dust, PAVEMENT It shall conform to the grading requirements 1120 kg/m (70 lb/cu.ft.).
slag, hydrated lime, hydraulic cement, fly ash, or specified in sub-section 311.2.3 of Item 311, 1988
other suitable mineral matter. It shall be free from DPWH Standard Specifications for Highways,
organic impurities and at the time of use, shall be Bridges, and Airports. Volume II. Water
sufficiently dry to flow freely and shall be MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS: Shall be reasonably clean and free of oil, salt,
essentially free from agglomerations. Grading Requirements For Coarse Aggregate: acid, alkali, grass, or other substances injurious to
Cement – Only Type I Portland Cement shall be the finished product. It shall be tested in
Filler material for bituminous bases or pavements used unless otherwise provided for in the special accordance with the requirements of Item 714,
shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 17. provisions. It shall conform to the applicable water, 2988 DPWH Standard Specifications for

Grading C

95 – 100

35 – 70

10 – 30
Passing

0–5
Mineral filler for bituminous paving mixtures. requirements of item 700, Hydraulic Cement, /Highways, Bridges, and Airports, Volume II.

100
-

-
1988. Different brands or the same brands from
Physical Requirements different mills shall not be mixed nor shall be used
alternately unless the mix is approved by the
SIEVE MAX. % PASSING Engineers.

Grading B

90 – 100
35 – 70
Percent

0 – 15

0–5
Mass

100
0.600 mm (No. 30) 100

-
Fine aggregates
0.300 mm (No. 50) 95 – 100
0.075 mm (No. 200) 70 – 100
Shall conform to the grading requirements of sub
–section 311.2.2.3 1, 1988 DPWH Standard
Specifications for Highways, Bridges and Airports,

90 – 100
Volume II.

Grading

25 – 60

0 – 10
0–5
The mineral filler shall have a plasticity index not

100
A

-
greater than 4. Plasticity index limits are not
Grading Requirements for Fine Aggregates
appropriate for hydraulic lime and cement.
Sieve Designation Mass percent
Proportioning of Mixtures:

Alternate US
Designation
Passing

Standard
The proportion of bituminous material on the

2½“

1½“

No. 4
9.5 mm ( 3/8 “) 100

¾“
½“
3”

2”

1”
basis of total dry aggregate, shall be from 5.0 to 4.75 mm (No.4) 95 – 100
8.0 mass percent. The exact percentage to be 1.18 mm (No. 16) 45 – 80
used shall be fixed by the engineer in accordance 0.300 mm (No. 50) 5 – 30
with the job – mix formula and other quality 0.150 mm (No. 100) 0 – 10

Standard
control requirements.

Sieve

75.0
63.0
50.0
37.5
25.0
19.0
12.5
4.75
mm
During the mixing operation, one – half to one It shall consist of natural sand, stone screening or
(0.5 – 1.0) mass percent of hydrated lime, dry other inert materials with similar characteristics,
aggregate basis, shall be added to the mixtures. or combination thereof, having hard, strong and
The lower percentage limit is applicable to durable particles approved by the Engineers. Fine It shall consist of crushed stone, gravel, blast
aggregate which are predominantly calcareous. aggregates from different sources of supply shall furnace slag, or other approved inert materials of
not be mixed or stored in the same pile nor used similar characteristics, or combination thereof
Hydrated Lime – shall conform to the alternately in the same class of concrete with out having hard, strong, durable pieces and free from
requirements of item 701 construction lime the approval of the Engineer. any adherent coatings.
(HYDRATED).
It shall contain more than three (3) mass percent It shall contain not more than one (1) mass
passing the 0.075 mm (No. 200) sieve by washing percent of material passing the 0.075 mm (No.
nor more than one (1) mass percent each of clay 200) sieve, not more 0.25 mass percent of clay
lumps or shale. The used of beach sand will not lump nor more than 3.5 mass percent of soil
be used without the approval of the Engineer. fragments.

If the fine aggregate is subjected to five (5) cycles If the coarse aggregate is subjected to five (5)
of the sodium sulfate soundness test, the cycles of sodium sulfate soundness test, the
weighted loss shall not exceed 10 mass percent. weighted loss shall not exceed 12 mass percent.
It shall have a mass percent of wear not
exceeding 40 when tested by AASHTO T 96.