MINI RESEARCH PROJECT

IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON EDUCATION

LECTURER : CHAIRIL ANWAR KAROMPOT, [Link]., M.A., Ph.D & DR. NUR AENI, [Link]., [Link]

Arranged by :

Andi Triandini Ramadhani Irving 210502552004

Afif Yopandi Oyib 210502552005

MAKASSAR STATE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

2021/2022
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BAB I
ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic that has lasted for one year has brought a new era in various fields
including in the field of education, a new era in the field of education, one of which is the
transfer of face-to-face conventional learning in class to online learning that is carried out via the
internet network. Online learning makes it easier for students and lecturers to interact remotely,
but at the same time it becomes a challenge, especially since the number of applications offered
by providers is so diverse that it confuses users, both lecturers and students, to choose
applications to use especially in the context of learning biology which includes theoretical and
practical learning which still has to run well even during a pandemic like this. Selection of
appropriate online learning applications for learning biology with the criteria of 1) answering
user needs 2) effective 3) economical 4) easy to use is needed for more optimal biology learning.
The applications examined in this journal are whatsapp, google meet, zoom meeting, LMS E-
knows, and google classroom. Based on the research results, it can be seen that applications that
are classified as appropriate are a combination of whatsapp, google meet and LMS E-knows
applications.
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FOREWORD
Praise and gratitude we always say to God Almighty for His blessing and grace so that we can
complete the mini research project entitled "The impacts of covid 19 on Education".

Not to forget, we would like to thank the lecturers in this course who have guided and assisted us
in the process of preparing this mini research project. We also express our gratitude to friends
who have helped both morally and materially so that the mini research project can be realized.

The author realizes that there are still shortcomings and errors in the written work that is
compiled. Therefore, the author apologizes for the error. Criticisms and suggestions from readers
are always awaited by the author in order to improve the quality of writing in the future.

Pare-pare, 15 October 2022

Table Of Contents

BAB I...........................................................................................................................................................2
ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................................2
FOREWORD.............................................................................................................................................3
Table Of Contents........................................................................................................................................4
BAB II..........................................................................................................................................................5
A. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................5
B. PROBLEMS...........................................................................................................................................6
C. RESULTS...............................................................................................................................................7
BAB III..........................................................................................................................................................9
D. CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................9
E. REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................................10
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BAB II
A. INTRODUCTION
Coronavirus (Covid-19) is a large family virus that causes respiratory diseases, from the common
cold to serious illnesses such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Severe / Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). especially this
disease spread between people through respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing.
This virus can survive up to three days with plastic and stainless steel SARS CoV-2 can survive
up to three days or in aerosol for three hours (Ministry of Home Affairs, 2020:3). According to
this, the corona virus can only move through an intermediary with hands, clothes or other media
that are exposed to droplets coughing and sneezing.

Distance learning, emerged at the end of the 20th century, entered the century 21 to become one
of the effective learning (Lenar et al, 2014:111). Distance Education can be defined as a learning
process which does not take into account the space and time of learning, has independently for
the process of developing students using methods and media in learning activities (Kor et al,
2014:854). In Indonesia distance learning (PJJ) is not something new, because education with
sustainable technology with each other. Distance learning becomes the most appropriate choice
during the Covid-19 pandemic because education must continue.

Until now, all levels of education are required to carry out Distance Learning through
online-based classes or also called online learningto differentiate it from offline learning.
Distance Learning requires time and careful preparation, fortunately for educational units
that already have distance education facilities and infrastructure so that it only remains to
use and develop them. This pandemic provides a challenge for all education units to continue to
provide optimal service to their students. Some education units are not able to face this
challenge, and the impact on the teaching and learning process is not carried out properly
and is threatened with [Link] of the education units in big cities have succeeded in
developing online learning in a short time and they still carry out theteaching and learning
process online using various media. Some educational units already have their own
applications, but most use popular video conferencing applications such as Zoom and
Google Meetings. Apart from these two applications, the teaching and learning process can
also use Skype,WhatsApp Group application, Google Classroom, Cisco Webex, Apple Facetime,
and ConnectWise Control.
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B. PROBLEMS
To prevent the spread of this pandemic, the Ministry of Education and Culture of the
Republic of Indonesia (Kemendikbud RI) has issued several policies so that education units can
still carry out the teaching and learning process online. The problems in this study are:

1. What is the government policy to address learning problems in a pandemic situation

2. What to do if you have a teacher who is much older? That method will be used?

3. What is the role of parents towards their children when learning from home is used?
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C. RESULTS
The spread of the Covid-19 pandemic globally poses major challenges for all countries in the
world in various sectors of life, including the education sector. The government, through the
Ministry of Education and Culture, has issued various policies to prevent the spread of
the pandemic, including online teaching policies and removing national final exams.
Through Circular Number 3 of 2020, concerning the Prevention of Covid-19 in the Education
Unit, the Minister of Education and Culture, Nadiem Makarim instructed all Education Units at
all levels regarding technical instructions for preventing the spread of Covid-19 in
Indonesia. There are three technical guidelines arranged according to risk categories,
namely low, medium and high. This Circular Letter takes effect one week from the
announcement of the first positive case of Covid-19 in Indonesia, namely since March 9,
2020. At that time, all education units from kindergarten to tertiary institutions
immediately moved the face-to-face learning process to online teaching.

At the beginning of the implementation of this policy, many kinds of technical problems
were found in the field,because not all students had adequate facilities to take part in
online learning activities. To take part in online learning activities, a student must have
at least an adequate device in the form of a smartphone (smartphone) based on Android
or iOS that has installed a video conference application such as Zoom or Skype. After
the device is available, students also need a stable internet connection (4G / LTE) and of course
an adequate internet quota.

The video conferencing application is an application that requires a large quota and a
stable signal, so that if these two things are not met, the teaching and learning process will face
obstacles. From the results of a survey conducted by the Ministry of Education and Culture, the
biggest obstacle faced by students is the availability of adequate devices to install the
application. For some students who are economically able, this is not an obstacle.

However, for some other students, smartphone devices and internet connections are still
luxury items, and the learning process online is not possible for them. Some universities
overcome this by limiting the learning time from 2-3 hours of face-to-face lectures to a
maximum of 30 minutes. This is done to ease the burden on students who have limited internet
[Link] way is to take advantage of messaging and social media applications such
as LINE, Telegram, Instagram and Facebook, which do not require too much Internet quota,
although it eliminates the interactive aspect, because it is text and photo based, not video
based. However, they argued that the most important thing was that the lecture material
was conveyed well.

After at the beginning of the implementation of the online teaching and learning process
experiencing many obstacles, now students and teachers are starting to be able to carry out these
activities properly. Some cellular operators even provide special low-cost quota for
accessing video conferencing applications. Even the Ministry of Education and Culture provides
assistance in purchasing quotas for all levels of education units. This is of course very helpful for
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students who have limited internet quota. On the institutional side, several universities provide
subsidized internet access for underprivileged students. Students only need to register their
name, to get a limited quota that can only be use to access video conference application.

The next challenge is the competence of teaching staff, both teachers and lecturers, in
using online-based applications. As is known today there are still many senior teaching staff over
60 years of age who are still supporting certain courses due to the limited number of professors
in the field of science. These senior teachers usually do not understand how the latest
communication technology devices work, even just send text messages (SMS) they still
have difficulty. With this condition, the lectureneeds the help of an assistant to operate
the information technology device used. However, from the results of the evaluation
carried out, some senior lecturers prefer a practical way by giving assignments that must be
submitted in hard copy. This method certainly invites risks because students have to leave
the house and are vulnerable to being exposed to Covid-19 while outside the home.

The last challenge that was found in the online teaching and learning process due to the
Covid-19 pandemic was the constraints of the relationship between parents, students and
teachers, especially at the pre-school to high school education levels. Some parents of
students still do not understand the meaning of learning from home so they think that students
have been closed due to the Corona pandemic. Attitudes like this make them pay less
attention to the learning process at home which they should supervise and assist. In fact,
because he felt that his child had been closed off, the opportunity was used to return to
his hometown or vacation to tourist attractions which of course contradicted the purpose
of issuing a learning from home policy. Parents of students should play a more active
role in replacing the role of teachers in school as long as their children undergo the learning
process from home. To overcome this, the education unit is required to continuously provide
guidance anddirection to parents of students regarding the objectives of implementing the
learning policy from home.
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BAB III
D. CONCLUSION
The Minister's policy to carry out the online learning process is still faced with various
challenges in its implementations. The challenges include the limitations of
communication technology resources, such as internet connectivity and adequate
devices, inequality of communication technology in urban and remote areas, limited
competence of teaching staff in using communication technology devices, and the relations
of students, parents and instructors who have an different understanding in looking at the
Covid-19 pandemic and the policy of learning from home.

The distance learning process from home must always be monitored through good
collaboration between students, parents and educators, especially for primary and
secondary education. Parents of students are required to be able to play roles as teachers at home
for their children. Whereas at the college level the supervision of the learning process from home
is more dependent on the awareness of the lecturers and their students in complying with
the learning policy from home.

By using some appropriate learning communication strategies, the online teaching and
learning process can be carried out more effectively because it does not take up much time and
place. Educators and students can carry out the learning process without leaving home which is
certainly risky in the midst of the current Covid-19 pandemic.

The advancement of communication technology that is currently open opportunities for the
implementation of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the education sector where face-to-face
lectures are no longer a major media in the learning process, but rather prioritize the use
of communication technology to the fullest as developed countries have been first
applying it in various sectors of life.
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E. REFERENCES
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Cohen, L. S. (2009). Is There A Difference Between Social Media And Social Networking?
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Edosomwan, S. (2011). The History of Social Media and its Impact on Business. The Journal of
Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 2011, Vol. 16, No.3.

Hartshorn, S. (2010). 5 Differences Between Social Media and Social Networking.

Pirillo, C. (2010). Social Media updates. [Link]

Surat Edaran Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi Kementerian Pendikan dan Kebudayaan
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Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) Pada Satuan Pendidikan.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi
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Wajdi, M. B. N., Kuswandi, I., Al Faruq, U., Zulhijra, Z., Khairudin, K., & Khoiriyah, K. (2020).
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Wajdi, M. B. N., Ubaidillah, M. B., Mulyani, S., Anwar, K., Istiqomah, L., Rahmawati, F.,
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Wright, Michelle F., (2016). Online Identity Construction. Journal of Computer-Mediated

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