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Name:
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New Document 1
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Class:
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Date:
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Time: 39 minutes

Marks: 39 marks

Comments:

Page 1 of 13
Q1.
This question is about pure substances and mixtures.

(a) Which substance is a mixture?

Tick ( ✓ ) one box.

Air

Carbon dioxide

Sodium chloride

Water

(1)

(b) Which method can be used to separate a mixture of sand and water?

Tick ( ✓ ) one box.

Crystallisation

Filtration

Titration

(1)

(c) A student used chromatography to investigate three food colourings, A , B , and C.

The figure below shows the results.

Give three conclusions about food colouring C.

1 _________________________________________________________________

Page 2 of 13
 ___________________________________________________________________

2 _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

3 _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(3)

(d) A different student measured the melting point of four solid food colourings, D, E, F,
and G.

The table below shows the results.

Food Colouring Melting Point °C

D 80

E 84-87

F 139

G 72-76

Which food colourings are pure?

Give one reason for your answer.

Pure food colourings __________________________________________________

Reason ____________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(e) A medicine contains 4.2% by mass of a food colouring.

The medicine has a mass of 1.2 g.

Calculate the mass of food colouring in the medicine.

Give your answer in mg.

1000 mg = 1 g

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 3 of 13
 Mass of food colouring = ___________________ mg
(3)
(Total 10 marks)

Q2.
This question is about analysis.

Mixture A is a solution containing different transition metal ions.

(a) Sodium hydroxide solution can be used to identify transition metal ions.

A student added sodium hydroxide solution to mixture A.

The student was not able to identify the transition metal ions in the mixture.

Suggest one reason why.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

The student used paper chromatography to investigate the composition of mixture A.

The student compared mixture A with solutions containing Cu2+ ions, Co2+ ions, Ni2+ ions
and Fe3+ ions.

The figure shows the results.

(b) Give one reason why the baseline was drawn in pencil.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) Describe the composition of mixture A.

Use the figure above.

Page 4 of 13
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(d) Determine the Rf value of the Co2+ ions in the figure above.

Use the equation:

Distance moved by Co2+ ions = _________________ cm

Distance moved by solvent = _________________ cm

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Rf value = ________________
(3)

(e) Explain why Cu2+ ions and Ni2+ ions have moved different distances in the figure
above.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(f) The student did three different tests on a solution of a compound.

The table shows the results.

Test Observation

Flame test Red colour

Add sodium hydroxide

White precipitate forms
solution

Add dilute nitric acid

Cream precipitate
followed by silver nitrate
forms
solution

Name the compound.

Page 5 of 13
 ___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 11 marks)

Q3.
Colourings are used in drinks.

A scientist investigated an unknown colouring M.

The scientist used chromatography to compare M with known colourings A, B, C and D.

Figure 1 shows the results.

Figure 1

(a) Suggest why it is important to investigate unknown colourings before they are used
in drinks.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) The results in Figure 1 show that colouring M is a mixture.

Give three conclusions about the composition of this mixture.

1. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Page 6 of 13
 (3)

(c) The results in Figure 1 show that M is not a pure substance.

What is meant by a ‘pure’ substance?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

The scientist tested a different food colouring, N, using chromatography.

Figure 2 shows the results.

Figure 2

(d) Calculate the Rf value of N.

Use Figure 2.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Rf value = ______________________________
(3)

(e) The scientist repeated the chromatography experiment in Figure 2, using a different
solvent.

Food colouring N was less soluble in the new solvent.

Explain what effect, if any, this change would have on the Rf value of N.

___________________________________________________________________

Page 7 of 13
 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(f) The scientist repeated the chromatography experiment in Figure 2, using a longer
piece of chromatography paper.

The chromatography experiment was left to run for a longer time.

Explain what effect, if any, this change would have on the Rf value of N.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 12 marks)

Q4.
This is part of an article about food additives.

THE PERIL OF FOOD ADDITIVES

Some orange drinks contain the additives E102 (Tartrazine),
E104 (Quinoline Yellow) and E110 (Sunset Yellow).
These three additives are thought to cause hyperactivity in children.

(a) Tick ( ) two reasons why a manufacturer of orange drinks uses these additives.

Reason Tick ( )

to make the drink healthier

to improve the appearance of the drink

because they are permitted colours

because they are expensive

(2)

(b) A scientist tested an orange drink to find out if it contained these additives.
The result of the test is shown.

Page 8 of 13
(i) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.

chromatography.

The test that the scientist did is called cracking.

distillation.
(1)

(ii) How many coloured additives are there in the orange drink? _____________
(1)

(iii) The scientist concluded that the orange drink contained only one of the
additives E102, E104 and E110.

Explain why.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

Page 9 of 13
Mark schemes

Q1.
(a) air
1

(b) filtration
1

(c) any three from:

• C contains 2 colours / substances
• C contains (colour) A
• C does not contain (colour) B
• C contains an unknown colour
• C is not pure
or
C is a mixture
3

(d) (pure food colourings) D and F

allow 80 and 139
1

(reason D and F) have a fixed melting point

allow E and G melt over a range of temperatures
1

(e) (conversion) 1.2 g = 1200 mg

1

(mass of food colouring =)

allow correct use of an incorrectly / not converted mass

value
1

= 50.4 (mg)
1

alternative approach:
(mass of food colouring =)

= 0.0504 (g) (1)

(0.0504 × 1000 =) 50.4 (mg) (1)

allow correct use of an incorrectly calculated value for mass
of food colouring
[10]

Q2.
(a) mixture of colours obtained

Page 10 of 13
 allow colours are masked by each other
1

(b) pencil will not move in the solvent

allow pencil line is not soluble in the solvent
1

(c) mixture A contains Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions

1

mixture A contains an unknown ion

1
if no other mark awarded allow 1 mark for
mixture A contains three substances

(d) (distance moved by Co2+ ions =) 2.0 (cm)

allow a value in the range 1.8–2.2 (cm)
1
and
(distance moved by solvent =) 5.3 (cm)
allow a value in the range 5.2-5.4 (cm)
1

allow correct use of incorrect measurement(s) for

distance moved
1

= 0.38
allow 0.377
1

(e) Ni2+ moved furthest

1

(because) more soluble (in the solvent)

1
allow converse for Cu 2+

if no other mark awarded allow 1 mark for

different solubilities (in the solvent)

(f) calcium bromide

allow CaBr2
2
allow 1 mark for calcium
or
allow 1 mark for bromide
[11]

Q3.
(a) to check they are safe (to consume)
1

(b) M contains A and C

1

Page 11 of 13
 M does not contain B and D
1
M contains an unknown compound
if no other mark awarded allow 1 mark for contains (at least)
four compounds
1

(c) contains (only) one compound / element

1

(d) (distance moved by N =) 2.0 (cm)

and
(distance moved by solvent =) 4.4 cm)
an answer of 0.45 scores 3 marks
allow value in the range 1.9 – 2.1 (cm)
allow value in the range 4.3 – 4.5 (cm)
1

Rf value =
allow correct calculation using student’s measurements if
within tolerance
1
= 0.45
1

(e) Rf value will be lower

1
(because) spot will travel less far up paper
1

(f) Rf value will not change

1
(because) the distances moved by N and the solvent
increase by the same proportion
1
[12]

Q4.
(a) to improve the appearance of the drink
1

because they are permitted colours

1

(b) (i) chromatography

1

(ii) three / 3
1

(iii) because one colour / spot / E102 matched

1

because the other / two colours / spots / E104 and E110 did not match
if no other mark awarded allow because the drink did not
contain E104 and E110 or because the drink contained E102
for 1 mark
accept only E102 matched for 2 marks

Page 12 of 13
 1
[6]

Page 13 of 13