12/10/22, 10:08 AM Block Optimization - javatpoint
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Optimization of Basic Blocks:
Optimization process can be applied on a basic block. While optimization, we don't need to change
the set of expressions computed by the block.
There are two type of basic block optimization. These are as follows:
1. Structure-Preserving Transformations
2. Algebraic Transformations
1. Structure preserving transformations:
The primary Structure-Preserving Transformation on basic blocks is as follows:
Common sub-expression elimination
Dead code elimination
Renaming of temporary variables
Interchange of two independent adjacent statements
(a) Common sub-expression elimination:
In the common sub-expression, you don't need to be computed it over and over again. Instead of
this you can compute it once and kept in store from where it's referenced when encountered again.
a:=b+c
b:=a-d
c:=b+c
d:=a-d
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In the above expression, the second and forth expression computed the same expression. So the
block can be transformed as follows:
a:=b+c
b:=a-d
c:=b+c
d:=b
(b) Dead-code elimination
It is possible that a program contains a large amount of dead code.
This can be caused when once declared and defined once and forget to remove them in this
case they serve no purpose.
Suppose the statement x:= y + z appears in a block and x is dead symbol that means it will
never subsequently used. Then without changing the value of the basic block you can safely
remove this statement.
(c) Renaming temporary variables
A statement t:= b + c can be changed to u:= b + c where t is a temporary variable and u is a new
temporary variable. All the instance of t can be replaced with the u without changing the basic block
value.
(d) Interchange of statement
Suppose a block has the following two adjacent statements:
t1 : = b + c
t2 : = x + y
These two statements can be interchanged without affecting the value of block when value of t1
does not affect the value of t2.
2. Algebraic transformations:
In the algebraic transformation, we can change the set of expression into an algebraically
equivalent set. Thus the expression x:= x + 0 or x:= x *1 can be eliminated from a basic block
without changing the set of expression.
Constant folding is a class of related optimization. Here at compile time, we evaluate
constant expressions and replace the constant expression by their values. Thus the expression
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5*2.7 would be replaced by13.5.
Sometimes the unexpected common sub expression is generated by the relational operators
like <=, >=, <, >, +, = etc.
Sometimes associative expression is applied to expose common sub expression without
changing the basic block value. if the source code has the assignments
a:= b + c
e:= c +d +b
The following intermediate code may be generated:
a:= b + c
t:= c +d
e:= t + b
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