Building systems & Codes

EVD 419
Dr/ Lauaa Habashy Kamal
Lecturer in Décor Department––
Interior Design Specialization - Faculty of arts and design
Alalamein International University

Spring 2024
Building systems & codes
EVD 419

Dr/ Lauaa Habashy Kamal

Lecturer in Décor Department
Interior Design Specialization - Faculty of arts and design
Alalamein International University

Your Logo or Name Here 2

LECTURES (1-5)
Introduction to International and
local codes
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻛﻮاد اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬

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Lecture Main Points :
q Course aim
q Course Objectives
q Course Description
q Course Content
q Course Calendar
q Course Evaluation Calendar
q Course Assessment
q Course Strategies
q General introduction
q Practical part

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Course aim and description

The course provides a framework for integrating knowledge

of interior building systems, regulations, and codes to
achieve sustainable and responsible interior design. Topics
include wide classification building construction systems,
technical interior finishes standards, basic physical properties
of building materials, mechanical and electrical systems,
local and international building codes related to sustainable,
healthy, and universal designed interiors.

‫ﻳﺤﻘﻖ اﻟﻤﻘﺮر إﻃﺎًرا ﻟﺪﻣﺞ اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺄﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻠﻮاﺋﺢ واﻟﻘﻮاﻧﻴﻦ‬
‫ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت أﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬.‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﺪام وﻣﺴﺆول‬
، ‫ وﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺸﻄﻴﺒﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‬، ‫ﺗﺸﻴﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ ذات اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ اﻟﻮاﺳﻊ‬
‫ واﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬، ‫واﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء‬
‫ وﻗﻮاﻧﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﺪوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬، ‫واﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
.‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬

Your Logo or Name Here

LECTURE (1&2)
Introduction to International and local
codes
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻛﻮاد اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬

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‫‪Introduction to International and local codes‬‬

‫أ ﻧ ﻈﻤ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫اﻷﻛﻮاد‬ ‫اﻷﻛﻮاد‬

‫ﺑﺎﻷﻛﻮاد‬ ‫اﻷﻛﻮاد‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬

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‫‪Introduction to International‬‬
‫‪and local codes‬‬
‫• ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اي ﻣﺸﺮوع ﻻ ﺑﺪ ان ﻧﺤﺪد وﻧﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﺬي‬
‫ﺳﻴﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ واﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ وﺿﺒﻂ ﺟﻮدة‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻜﻮد ﻫﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻗﻮاﻧﻴﻦ وأﺳﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫• وﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﻜﻮد ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ دﺳﺘﻮر اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻟﺬي ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺎﺳﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ واﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺣﺼﻮل اي ﺧﻼف ﺑﻴﻦ اﻃﺮاف‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎرﻳﻊ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﺴﻨﻬﺎ ووﺿﻌﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ذوي اﻟﺨﺒﺮة‬ ‫• ﻓﺎﻟﻜﻮد ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻻﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ و اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺌﺎت ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻳﻀًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻮاﺋﻢ اﻟﻈﺮوف اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻠﺪ‬
‫أو أي ﻇﺮوف ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ‬ ‫• ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻜﻮد ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﻠﺪ دون اﻷﺧﺮﯨﻮﻧﻈﺮًا ﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻈﺮوف‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﺪ ﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬ ‫• اﻷﻛواد اﻟﻣﻌﻣﺎرﯾﺔ )ﻟﻠﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧدﻣﯾن (‬
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‫‪Introduction to International‬‬
‫‪and local codes‬‬
‫أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﻮد ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻤﻤﻴﻦ واﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫• ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻓﻬﻢ أﻛﻮاد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء واﻻﻃﻼع ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﻦ‬

‫اﻫﻢ ﻣﻤﻴﺰات اﻟﻤﺼﻤﻢ واﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ زاد اﻃﻼﻋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ زادت اﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ وﻗﺪرﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻮاﺟﻬﻬﺎ اﺛﻨﺎء ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ أو اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺎس ﻋﻠﻤﻲ وﻣﻮﺛﻖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﻮد‪ ،‬ﻛﻲ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ اﻟﺪﻓﺎع ﻋﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ورود ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺎول او ﺟﻬﺔ اﺧﺮى ﺗﺮاﺟﻊ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‪.‬‬

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‫‪Introduction to International‬‬
‫‪and local codes‬‬ ‫• ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪول‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺻﺪار اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ او اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻤﻬﺘﻤﺔ ﺑﻀﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ واﻻﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﻜﻮد اﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ وﻫﻮ‬
‫اﻻﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬اﻟﻜﻮد اﻻﺳﺘﺮاﻟﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت اﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫• أ ﻛﺜ ـﺮ اﻻﻛ ـﻮاد اﺳ ـﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﻟﻴ ـﺎ ﻫ ـﻲ اﻻﻛ ـﻮاد اﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴ ـﺔ أو‬ ‫وﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺘﻨﺎ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻛﻮاد ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫اﻻﻛﻮاد اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜـﻦ اﻟﻌﺪﻳـﺪ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳـﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻤﺼﺮي واﻟﺴﻌﻮدي واﻟﺴﻮري‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﺰال ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﻟﺒﺲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔـﺮوق ﺑـﻴﻦ اﻻﻛـﻮاد اﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻻﻛﻮاد اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮاﺋﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴ ـﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓ ـﻲ ﻣﺠ ـﺎل اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ـﺔ ﺑﺈﺻ ـﺪاراﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔ ـﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﻤﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ‪ADA & ASCE,NFPA & IBC‬وﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

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 ‫أﻛﻮاد اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻛﻮد اﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺣﻤﺎل‬
American Society of Civil Engineering ASCE •

‫•ﻛﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬

International Building Code IBC

‫•ﻛﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﺣﺪ‬

Unified Building Code UBC

ADA ‫•ﻛﻮد‬

NFPA ‫•ﻛﻮد‬

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‫ﻛﻮد‬ICBO International Conference of Building Officials “ ‫ اﺻﺪر اﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎء‬1927 ‫• ﻓﻲ اﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ‬
‫ م‬1997 ‫ ﺳﻨﻮات ﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﻌﺎم‬3 ‫وﺗﻢ اﺻﺪار ﻧﺴﺦ ﻣﺤﺪﺛﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻞ‬Uniform Building Code UBC ”‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﺣﺪ‬
: ‫ ﻇﻬﺮت ﺛﻼث ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل ﻛﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء وﻫﻲ‬،‫م‬1994 ‫• ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم‬

BOCA/NBC UBC SBC

• BOCA, the Building • ICBO, the International • SBCCI, the Southern

Officials and Code Conference of Building Building Code
Administrators Officials, the publishers Congress
International, the of the Uniform Building International, the
publishers of The Code UBC publishers of the
BOCA National Building Standard Building
Code BOCA/NBC Code SBC
•

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‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺎت اﻟﺜﻼث ﺑﺈﻧﺸـﺎء ﻣﺠﻠـﺲ اﻟﻜـﻮد اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻤﻲ ‪International Code Council ICC‬ﺑﻬـﺪف اﻳﺠـﺎد ﻛـﻮد ﻣﻮﺣـﺪ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺒﻼد ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪ .‬وﺷﻤﻞ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺲ ﻛﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ وﻫﻮ اﻫﻢ ﺧﻄﻮة ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل ﺗﻮﺣﻴـﺪ اﻛـﻮاد اﻟﺒﻨـﺎء ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣﺴـﺘﻮى اﻣﺮﻳﻜـﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺻﺪرت اول ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎء ‪IBC 2000‬ﻓـﻲ اﺑﺮﻳـﻞ ‪ 2000‬م‪ .‬وﻗـﺮر ﻣﺠﻠـﺲ اﻟﻜـﻮد اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻤﻲ ‪ICC‬ﻋﻤـﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ واﺻﺪار ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ‪IBC‬ﻛﻞ ‪ 3‬ﺳﻨﻮات‪.‬‬

‫‪Your Logo or Name Here‬‬

International building codes

q ADA (THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT )

q IBC ( INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE )
q NFPA (NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION )

Your Logo or Name Here

 ‫أﻛﻮاد اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﺷﺘﻬﺮت اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻛﻮاد اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺎ‬
‫وﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ وﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل ﻻ اﻟﺤﺼﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻤﺼﺮي‬
‫•ﻛﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﺼﺮي‬
‫•ﻛﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﺴﻮري‬ ‫‪[Link]
‫‪html[Link]
‫•ﻛﻮد اﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﺴﻌﻮدي‬ ‫‪/11/[Link]‬‬
‫•اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ‬

‫‪ q‬اﻟﻛود اﻟﻣﺻري ھو ﺗﻘرﯾﺑﺎ ﺗرﺟﻣﺔ ﻟل ‪NFPA‬‬

‫‪ q‬ﻛود ﻣﺟﻠس اﻟﺗﻌﺎون اﻟﺧﻠﯾﺟﻲ‪GCC‬ﻣﻘـﺎرب ﻟﻛـود‬

‫‪ NFPA‬ﻟﻛن اﺷﺗراطﺎﺗﮫ ﺻﻌﺑﺔ ﻣﺛل ﺗﻘﺳﯾم اﻟﻣﺑﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻘطﺎﻋﺎت ﺣرﯾق ‪.‬‬

‫‪Your Logo or Name Here‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬

‫‪ADA‬‬

‫‪ q‬ﻛﻮد اﺻﺪارﺗﻪ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ q‬اﻻﺷﺘﺮاﻃﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻘﻮاﻋﺪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻟﺬوي اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫)ﺣﻤﺎﻣﺎت ‪ –uni-sex‬ﻣﺜﻼ ﻛﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺣﻤﺎم ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﻦ ) أي ﻣﺮﻳﺾ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ﺷﺨﺺ اﺧﺮ وﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎت‬
‫واﻟﻌﻴﺎدات اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﻪ (‬
‫‪ Assimply spaces q‬أي ﻣﻜﺎن ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻋﺐ اﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻤﺴﻴﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺷﺮط ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ أﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻟﺬوي اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ) اول ﺻﻒ‬
‫او اﺧﺮ ﺻﻒ (‬
‫‪ q‬ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻜﻮد ﻓﻲ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻔﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ – ووﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻤﺠﻬﺰة ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻏﺮف ﻟﺬوي اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫‪ q‬ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ أﻣﺎﻛﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻌﺎت ﻣﺮاﻋﺎه ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺎﺷﻴﺮ واﻻرﻓﻒ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺪون ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة أي ﺷﺨﺺ اﺧﺮ‬

‫‪CRITERIA OF ACCESSIBLE BUILDINGS‬‬

‫‪Your Logo or Name Here‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬

 ‫‪NFPA 101‬‬

‫‪ q‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻛﻞ ﺛﻼث ﺳﻨﻮات ‪life safety code‬‬

‫‪ q‬ﻧﺸﺘﻐﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ اﺧﺮ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻟﻠﻜﻮد‬
‫‪life safety handbook q‬ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ ١٣٠٠‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ وﻫﻮ اﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻜﻮد ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬
‫‪New &existing q‬اﺷﺘﺮاﻃﺎت ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة وﻻ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻼت ‪ -‬ﻧﺤﺪد ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ واﻻﺷﺘﺮاﻃﺎت ﺑﻨﺎءا ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ – ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻣﺨﺎرج‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ واﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ وﺟﻮد ﻣﺨﺮج واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ )ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻤﺨﺎرج ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ ( ‪number of exists‬‬
‫‪ q‬ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﺨﺎرج وﻋﺮض اﻟﻤﺨﺎرج ﺑﻨﺎءا ﻋﻦ ﻋﺪد ﺷﺎﻏﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ – ﻣﻦ ‪ ٥٠‬ﺷﺨﺺ اﻟﻲ ‪) ٥٠٠‬ﻣﺨﺮﺟﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻷﻗﻞ ( ﻣﻦ ‪ ٥٠٠‬اﻟﻲ اﻟﻒ )‪(٣‬‬
‫ﻓﻮق اﻻﻟﻒ ﺷﺨﺺ ‪ ٤‬ﻣﺨﺎرج‬
‫‪ q‬اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﻪ ) ﻣﻦ اوﻟﻲ اﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ – ﻟﻠﺜﺎﻧﻮي ( اﻗﻞ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻛﻴﻨﺪر ﻛﺎرﺟﻦ واﻻﻛﺒﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻳﺼﻨﻒ ﻋﻠﻲ أﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺰﻧﺲ‬
‫‪ q‬ﻧﺴﺒﻪ اﺷﻐﺎل اﻟﻔﺮد)ﻧﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﻔﺮد ( ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻴﺰ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﻴﺰات اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﻪ – ‪occupant load factor‬‬

‫‪Your Logo or Name Here‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬

NFPA “LIFE SAFETY CODE”
NFPA-5000 ‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﻳﻴﻦ‬
NFPA-101
‫ﻛﻮد ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻼﻳﻒ ﺳﻴﻔﺘﻲ واﻻﻧﺸﺎءات‬NFPA-5000

Your Logo or Name Here

 ‫‪NFPA 101‬‬

‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻤﺨﺎرج واﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺎت ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ واﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺗﻬﻢ ‪REMOTENESS‬‬

‫‪Common path‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﺟﺒﺎرﻳﻪ وﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ اﻟﻬﺮوب ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪة‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎط‬
‫‪Dead end‬‬
‫اﺷﺘﺮاﻃﺎت اﻟﻜﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺮوج ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ وﻗﻮاﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬

‫‪Your Logo or Name Here‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬

 ‫ﻣﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻲ ارﺑﻊ اﺟﺰاء‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎت اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ – وﻋﺪم اﻧﺘﻘﺎل اﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ اﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺒﻨﻲ اﺧﺮ‬
‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻤﺨﺎرج واﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻓﻲ ‪one exit‬‬
‫‪NFPA 5000‬ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ل ‪IBC‬‬

‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻜﻮد ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻲ‬

‫‪...........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪Your Logo or Name Here‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬

Building codes specify minimum standards for the
construction of buildings. The codes themselves are
not legally binding. They serve, rather, as "models"
for legal jurisdictions to utilize when developing
statutes and regulations.
The main purpose of building codes are to protect
public health, safety and general welfare as they
relate to the construction and occupancy of buildings
and structures.
The building code becomes law of a particular Building codes
jurisdiction when formally enacted by the
appropriate governmental or private authority.

Your Logo or Name Here 23

Websites on Building Codes and Standards
•International Code Council (ICC) Dedicated to developing model codes and standards used in the design, build
and compliance process to construct safe, sustainable, affordable and resilient structures.
•State & Local Building CodesProvides links to detailed information on building codes for all 50 states, major
cities, and some counties.
•International Green Construction CodeEstablishes minimum green requirements for buildings with the goal to
make buildings more efficient, reduce waste, and have a positive impact on health, safety and community
welfare.

International Code Council (ICC)

.‫ﻣﺧﺻص ﻟﺗطوﯾر رﻣوز وﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﻧﻣوذج اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧدﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻣﯾم واﻟﺑﻧﺎء واﻻﻣﺗﺛﺎل ﻟﺑﻧﺎء ھﯾﺎﻛل آﻣﻧﺔ وﻣﺳﺗداﻣﺔ وﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎر ﻣﻌﻘوﻟﺔ وﻣرﻧﺔ‬

State & Local Building Codes

.‫ﯾوﻓر رواﺑط ﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻣﻔﺻﻠﺔ ﻋن أﻛواد اﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﻟﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟوﻻﯾﺎت اﻟﺧﻣﺳﯾن واﻟﻣدن اﻟﻛﺑرى وﺑﻌض اﻟﻣﻘﺎطﻌﺎت‬

International Green Construction Code

‫ وﯾﻛون ﻟﮭﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﯾر‬، ‫ وﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت‬، ‫ﯾﺣدد اﻟﻘﺎﻧون اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺑﻧﺎء اﻷﺧﺿر اﻟﺣد اﻷدﻧﻰ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﺧﺿراء ﻟﻠﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﮭدف ﺟﻌل اﻟﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺛر ﻛﻔﺎءة‬
.‫إﯾﺟﺎﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ واﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ورﻓﺎھﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬
Your Logo or Name Here 24
Websites on Building Codes and Standards

•[Link] – A Free Building Code Website to Easily Help You Track the Latest Building Codes
•Building Codes Illustrated – By Francis D.K. Ching
•ICC – International Code Council – Gate Keepers of the International Building Code
•NFPA – National Fire Protection Association – Standards Regarding Fire Protection in Construction
•ADA – Americans with Disabilities Act

[Link]

Your Logo or Name Here 25

Thank You
[Link] habashy