2 Basic Types of
Pumps
Piston Pumps
Piston Pumps
A piston pump is a type of
reciprocating pump in which the high-
pressure seal reciprocates with the
piston. Piston pumps can be used to
move liquids or to compress gases. They
can be operated in a wide pressure
range. A high-pressure operation can be
achieved without a strong effect on flow
rate.
2 TYPES OF PISTON PUMPS
1. Single Action
2. Double Action
2 Types of Piston Pumps
1. Single Action -(water is drawn in with only 1 motion). In a single acting
pump, the backward stroke of the piston causes a suction which pulls in
liquid through the inlet valve. (The same suction action keeps the
discharge valve closed).
2 Types of Piston Pumps
2. Double Action(Duplex or Twin Piston Pump)- use either a swab on a piston rod, a
piston, or two plungers. When two separate plungers or pistons are used, both of
them move in unison, in the same direction as the drive rod. Although different
designs allow for different configurations, the basic concept is shown below.
Centrifugal
Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
A centrifugal pump is a machine that
uses rotation to impart velocity to a
liquid and then converts that velocity
into flow. Every centrifugal pump
consists of an impeller, a casing, and an
assembly of mechanical components
that make it possible for the impeller to
rotate within the casing. Water is drawn
into the pump & discharged with a
centrifugal force
Types/Classifications
of Pumps
Reciprocating Pumps
Piston pumps that operate with
controlled speed. The discharge from a
reciprocating pump is pulsating and
changes only when the speed of the
pump is changed. Sometimes an air
chamber is introduced to regulate the
pulsation
Jet Pumps
Jet pumps, also known as ejector pumps,
are devices capable of handling and
transporting all forms of motive fluid
including gas, steam, or liquid. They can
be considered mixers or circulators,
since the intake combines multiple fluid
sources. Multiple inlets are used to draw
in a constant stream of fluid, using
pressure to create lift through
suction. Jet pumps are centrifugal pumps
typically used for drawing water up from
a well.
4 Types of Jet Pumps
4 Types of Jet Pumps
• Deep well Jet Pumps- are used in high
volume applications. A deep well jet
pump is a type of pump used to
extract water from deep wells. It is
commonly used in residential and
commercial applications where the
water source is located deep
underground. The pump works by
creating a vacuum that draws water
up from the well and into a storage
tank or directly into the plumbing
system.
4 Types of Jet Pumps
• Shallow well Jet Pumps- are used for
residential wells. A shallow well jet
pump is a type of water pump that is
commonly used in residential and
small-scale commercial applications.
It is designed to draw water from a
shallow well, typically less than 25
feet deep. The pump works by
creating a vacuum that pulls water up
from the well and into a storage
tank or directly into the plumbing
system.
4 Types of Jet Pumps
• Convertible Jet Pumps- can be used
for deep wells and shallow
wells. A convertible well pump has
the ability to pull water from depths
of up to 70 ft. It is referred to as a
“convertible” pump because it can act
as both a shallow well pump for water
sources up to 25 feet deep and a
deep well pump for water sources up
to 70 feet deep.
4 Types of Jet Pumps
• Miniature Jet Pumps- are used for
small applications. A miniature jet
pump is a compact and versatile
device used for various applications,
including water circulation, irrigation,
and fuel transfer.
Rotary Pumps
Rotary pumps are piston pumps that
make use of a pump driver. Rotary
Pumps can discharge from 900 to 1200
GPM. Rotary Pumps are more efficient
for viscous fluids. Rotary pumps are
normally driven by electric motors,
geared motors, or belt driven with
motors. Sometimes a rotary pump is
driven by a steam turbine and in very
rare cases by an internal combustion
engine.
Submersible Pumps
Submersible Pumps are designed to be
fully immersible within a tank or other
media storage receptacle. Many
common types of pumps can be
designed by manufacturers to be
submersible. Submersible pumps are
designed to be fully immersible within a
tank or other media storage receptacle.
The motors of submersible pumps are
normally sealed in oil-filled cavities that
are protected from contact with the
transfer media.
Sump Pumps
Sump pumps are used in applications
where excess water must be pumped
away from a particular area. Sump
pumps, in general, is a category that
encompasses a number of styles of
pumps that are used to pump out
collected fluid. A sump pump is a device
that moves water from your basement
to the outside of your home. A sump is a
naturally constructed pit, usually a hole
carved below the main surface of your
basement floor.
Turbine Pumps
Turbine Pumps are centrifugal pumps
used for large applications because of
their multiple impellers. Turbine
Pumps can discharge up to 2000
GPM. Turbine pumps are special types
of centrifugal pumps which use
turbine-like impellers with radially
oriented teeth to move fluid. They are
also referred to as vortex, periphery,
or regenerative pumps.
