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ST. THOMAS SCHOOL, DHURWA, RANCHI- 04

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[2023-2024]

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ENGLISH LITERATURE PROJECT
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NAME: SNIGDHA SONAL
CLASS: IX “D”
ROLL NO. : 42
SUBJECT TEACHER: POONAM CHOWDHURY MA’AM

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

I AM REALLY GRATEFUL TO MY ENGLISH TEACHER, MRS.

POONAM CHOWDHURY MA’AM FOR ADVISING ME AND
INTRODUCING THE PROJECT TO ME IN A EASY TO
UNDERSTAND WAY WHICH HAS HELPED ME COMPLETE MY
PROJECT EASILY AND EFFECTIVELY ON TIME.

I AM DEARLY OBLIGED TO MY PARENTS WHO HAS

PROVIDED VALUABLE INFORMATION TO THIS PROJECT.
THIS CO-OPERATION AND HEALTHY CRITICISM CAME
HANDY AND USEFUL WITH THEM.

THANK YOU!
 ACT ONE:
SCENE I
Enter FLAVIUS, MARULLUS and Some Citizens.
FLAVIUS- Hence! Home, you idle creatures get you
home:
Is this a holiday? What! Know you not, Being mechanical,
you ought not walk Upon a labouring day without the
sign Of your profession? Speak, what trade art thou?
FIRST CITIZEN - Why, sir, a carpenter.
MARULLUS- Where is thy leather apron and thy rule?
What dost thou with thy best apparel on?
You, sir, what trade are you?
SECOND CITIZEN- Truly, sir, in respect of a fine
workman, I am but, as you would say, a cobbler.
MARULLUS - But what trade art thou? answer me
directly. SECOND CITIZEN - A trade, sir, that, I hope, I
may use with a safe conscience, which is, indeed, sir, a
mender of bad soles.
MARULLUS - What trade, thou knave? thou naughty
knave, what trade?
SECOND CITIZEN - Nay, I beseech you, sir, be not out
with me: yet, if you be out, sir, I can mend you.
MARULLUS - What meanest thou by that? mend me,
thou saucy fellow!
SECOND CITIZEN - Why, sir, cobble you.
FLAVIUS - Thou art a cobbler, art thou?
FLAVIUS, MARULLUS, and A Few Citizens enter.

FLAVIUS: thus! Is it a holiday? Home, you lazy beasts

get you home. Oh my! Do you not realize that, as a
machine, you should never work a day without wearing
the badge of your occupation? Talk, what trade are you
in?

FIRST CITIZEN: A carpenter, why not, sir?

MARULLUS: Where are your rule and leather apron?

With your finest clothing on, what dost thou do?
What trade are you, sir?

SECOND CITIZEN: As you might say, I am merely a

cobbler, but I do respect a fine worker, sir.

MARULLUS: However, what trade have you? Respond

to me immediately. Second Citizen: This trade is a
mender of bad soles, sir, and I trust I may use it with a
clear conscience.

Second Citizen: Please, please, do not go out with me.

However, if you do go out, I can still make you whole.

MARULLUS: What do you mean by that? heal me, you

sultry man!

Second Citizen: "Why do you cobble you, sir?"

FLAVIUS: Are you a cobbler, then?

SECOND CITIZEN - Truly, sir, all that I live by is with the awl:
 I meddle with no tradesman's matters, nor women's matters, but
with awl.
I am, indeed, sir, a surgeon to old shoes; when they are in great
danger. recover them.
As proper men as ever trod upon neat's leather have gone upon my
handiwork.
FLAVIUS - But wherefore art not in thy shop today? Why dost thou
lead these men about the streets?
SECOND CITIZEN - Truly, sir, to wear out their shoes, to get myself
into more work. But, indeed, sir, we make holiday, to see Caesar and
to rejoice in his triumph.
MARULLUS - Wherefore rejoice?
What conquest brings he home?
What tributaries follow him to Rome,
To grace in captive bonds his chariot-wheels?
You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things!
O you hard hearts, you cruel men of Rome, Knew you not Pompey?
Many a time and oft
Have you climb'd up to walls and battlements,
To towers and windows, yea, to chimney-tops,
Your infants in your arms, and there have sat
The livelong day, with patient expectation,
To see great Pompey pass the streets of Rome:
And when you saw his chariot but appear,
Have you not made an universal shout,
That Tiber trembled underneath her banks,
To hear the replication of your sounds
Made in her concave shores?
And do you now put on your best attire?
And do you now cull out a holiday?
And do you now strew flowers in his way
That comes in triumph over Pompey's blood?
Be gone! Run to your houses, fall upon your knees
Pray to the gods to intermit the plague
That needs must light on this ingratitude
SECOND CITIZEN: "Really, sir, the only thing I care about is the awl. I
don't meddle in matters pertaining to tradesmen or women, only the awl."
Indeed, sir, in times of extreme peril, I am a physician to old shoes. Get
them back.
My craftsmanship has been inspected by as many dignified men as have
ever set foot on neat's leather.
FLAVIUS: Then why aren't you in your store right now? What makes you
guide these men around the streets?
SECOND CITIZEN: To really wear out their shoes and get additional labor,
sir. Indeed, sir, we take a holiday to visit Caesar and celebrate his victory.
MARULLUS: So why celebrate?
What victory returns him home?
Which tributaries accompany him to Rome, adorning his chariot wheels while
he is imprisoned?
You stones and blocks, you worse than inane objects!
O you wicked folk of Rome with harsh hearts—did you not know Pompey?
Have you climbed battlements and walls several times?
Indeed, to chimney tops and towers as well as windows,
Your baby in your arms, and they've sat down
The entire day, anticipating patiently, to watch the mighty Pompey go
through Rome's streets:
And did you not make a collective exclamation when you saw his chariot
but appear? That Tiber quivered beneath her banks, hearing your sounds
echoed back into her curved shores?
And have you now dressed in your finest clothes?
Do you select a holiday now?
Do you now scatter flowers in his path, symbolising your victory over
Pompey's bloodshed?
Go now! Hurry home and get on your knees.
Ask the gods to stop the scourge so that light may be shown on this
ingratitude.

FLAVIUS- Go, go, good countrymen, and, for this fault,

Assemble all the poor men of your sort;
Draw them to Tiber banks, and weep your tears
Into the channel, till the lowest stream
Do kiss the most exalted shores of all.
Exeunt all the Commoners
See whether their basest metal be not moved;
They vanish tongue-tied in their guiltiness.
Go you down that way towards the Capitol;
This way will I
disrobe the images,
If you do find them deck'd with ceremonies.

MARULLUS - May we do so?

You know it is the feast of Lupercal.

FLAVIUS - It is no matter; let no images

Be hung with Caesar's trophies, I’II about,
And drive away the vulgar from the streets:
So do you too, where you perceive them thick
These growing feathers pluck'd from
Caesar's wing
Will make him fly an ordinary pitch,
Who else would soar above the view of men
And keep us all in servile fearfulness.

Exeunt
FLAVIUS: "Go, go, good countrymen, and gather all the
poor men of your kind to make up for this fault."
Bring them to the banks of the Tiber, and cry into the
channel all the way to the lowest stream.
Kiss the highest of all the coasts.
Take All the Common People Out.
Check to see if their lowest metal remains unmoved; they
disappear, speechless with guilt.
Proceed in that direction towards the Capitol; if you
discover the images decked out with rituals, I will disrobe
them in this manner.

MARULLUS: Could we please?

You are aware that today is Lupercal's feast.

FLAVIUS: Doesn't matter; don't allow any pictures

Hang yourself with Caesar's awards, II about, and chase
the impure out of the streets:
Likewise, where you think they're thick, do you
Caesar will fly like an ordinary pitch thanks to these
expanding feathers that were removed from his wing. No
one else could soar above the heads of mankind and put
the rest of us in submissive terror.

Removed
 SCENE II
A Public Place

Flourish. Enter CAESAR; ANTONY, for the course; CALPURNIA, PORTIA,

DECIUS BRUTUS, CICERO, BRUTUS, CASSIUS, and CASCA; a great crowd
following, among them a Soothsayer.

CAESER - Calpurnia!

CASCA - Peace, ho! Caesar speaks.

CAESER - Calpurnia!

CALPURNIA - Here, my lord.

CAESER - Stand you directly in Antonius' way, when he doth run his
course. Antonius!

ANTONY - Caesar, my lord?

CAESER - Forget not, in your speed, Antonius, To touch Calpurnia; for our
elders say, The barren, touched in this holy chase, Shake off their sterile
curse.

ANTONY - I shall remember: When Caesar says 'do this,' it is perform'd.

CAESER - Set on; and leave no ceremony out.

SOOTHSAYER - Caesar!

CAESER - Ha! who calls?

CASCA - Bid every noise be still: peace yet again!

CAESER - Who is it in the press that calls on me?

I hear a tongue, shriller than all the music,

Cry 'Caesar!' Speak; Caesar is turn'd to hear.

SOOTHSAYER - Beware the Ides of March.

CAESER - What man is that?

Embellish. A large group of people, including a soothsayer, followed
CAESAR, ANTONY, PORTIA, DECIUS BRUTUS, CICERO, BRUTUS,
CASSIUS, and CASCA.

Calpurnia by CAESER!

CASCA - Ho, peace! Says Caesar.

Calpurnia by CAESER!

CALIPURNIA: Presently, my lord.

CAESER: When Antonius has finished his course, place yourself squarely in
his path. Anthony!

ANTONY: Caesar, master of mine?

CAESER: Turn on; don't omit any formalities.

Caesar - SOOTHSAYER!

CAESER: Hey, who's calling?

CASCA - May all noises cease: once more, tranquility!

CAESER: Who in the media is contacting me?

A voice, louder than any of the music, cries out, "Caesar!" Speak up, and
Caesar will listen.

SOOTHSAYER: Watch Out for March's Ides.

CAESER: Who's that man?

BRUTUS - A soothsayer bids you beware the ides of March.
CAESAR - Set him before me; let me see his face.
CASSIUS - Fellow, come from the throng; look upon Caesar.
CAESER - What say'st thou to me now? speak once again.

SOOTHSAYER - Beware the ides of March.

CAESER - He is a dreamer; let us leave him: pass.
Trumpets sound: Exeunt all except BRUTUS and CASSIUS.
CASSIUS - Will you go see the order of the course?
BRUTUS - Not I.
CASSIUS – I pray you, do.
BRUTUS - I am not gamesome: I do lack some part Of that
quick spirit that is in Antony.
Let me not hinder, Cassius, your desires;
I'll leave you.
CASSIUS - Brutus, I do observe you now of late:
I have not from your eyes that gentleness
And show of love as I was wont to have:
You bear too stubborn and too strange a hand
Over your friend that loves you.
BRUTUS – Cassius,
Be not deceived: if I have veil'd my look,
I turn the trouble of my countenance.
Merely upon myself Vexed I am
Of late with passions of some difference,
Conceptions only proper to myself,
Which give some soil perhaps to my behaviors;
But let not therefore my good friends be grieved—
Among which number, Cassius, be you one-
Nor construe any further my neglect,
Than that poor Brutus, with himself at war,
Forgets the shows of love to other men.
BRUTUS: A fortune teller warns of the impending arrival of March.

CAESAR: Present him to me; show me his face

.
CASSIUS: Fellow, emerge from the crowd, and observe Caesar.

CAESER: What are you saying to me right now? Talk once again.

SOOTHSAYER: March's ides are to be avoided.

CAESER: We should move on from him since he is a dreamer.

Trumpets sound: Alleluia to everybody, save Caesar and Brutus.

CASSIUS: Are you going to check the course schedule?

Not me, but BRUTUS.

CASSIUS: Please, I beg you.

BRUTUS: I'm not a ruthless person; I do lack some of Antony's nimble spirit.

Cassius, let me not stand in your way; I'll part ways with you.

Brutus - CASSIUS I have seen that you no longer exhibit the compassion and
loveliness that I have come to expect from you. You have too odd and stubborn of
a hold over your friend who is in love with you.
CASSIUS: Brutus, I have noticed something about you lately: you seem to lack the
gentleness and affection that I have come to expect from you. You also have an
excessively odd and stubborn hold over your friend who is in love with you.
BRUTUS: Hidden Cassius
Do not be misled: if my face appears troubled, it is because I have covered it.
Merely upon myself, I am vexed lately with passions of a different kind, concepts
only proper to myself, which may lend some soil to my behaviours; but let no one
be grieved for my good friends—among whom you, Cassius, are one—nor assume
any further neglect on my part, than that poor Brutus, with himself at war, forgets
the acts of love to other men.
CASSIUS - Then, Brutus, I have much mistook your passion; By
means whereof this breast of mine hath buried
Thoughts of great value, worthy cogitations.
Tell me, good Brutus, can you see your face?

BRUTUS - No, Cassius; for the eye sees not itself,

But by reflection, by some other things.

CASSIUS- 'Tis just:

And it is very much lamented, Brutus,
That you have no such mirrors as will turn
Your hidden worthiness into your eye,
That you might see your shadow. I have heard,
Where many of the best respect in Rome,
Except immortal Caesar, speaking of Brutus
And groaning underneath this age's yoke,
Have wish'd that noble Brutus had his eyes.

BRUTUS - Into what dangers would you lead me, Cassius,

That you would have me seek into myself
For that which is not in me?

CASSIUS - Therefore, good Brutus, be prepared to hear:

And since you know you cannot see yourself
So well as by reflection, I, your glass,
Will modestly discover to yourself
That of yourself which you yet know not of.
And be not jealous, on me, gentle Brutus:
Were I a common laugher, or did use
To stale with ordinary oaths my love
To every new protester; if you know
That I do fawn on men and hug them hard
And after scandal them, or if you know
That I profess myself in banqueting
To all the rout, then hold me dangerous.
Flourish, and shout
CASSIUS: Brutus, I have much misunderstood your enthusiasm,
which has allowed me to bury in my breast worthwhile and highly
valuable thoughts.
Tell me, excellent Brutus, is your face visible to me?

BRUTUS: No, Cassius; the eye sees through reflections of other

objects rather than by itself.

CASSIUS: It is true that you have no mirrors that can reveal your
secret worthiness so that you can see your shadow. This is
greatly regretted, Brutus. I've heard that many of the most
respected people in Rome, with the exception of the eternal
Caesar, have wished that noble Brutus had his eyes when they
speak about him and moan beneath the weight of this era.

CASSIUS: Brutus, I've greatly misinterpreted your zeal, which has

enabled me to stuff important and incredibly useful ideas deep
into my chest.
Tell me, Brutus, are I able to see your face?

BRUTUS: No, Cassius; the eye does not see by itself; it sees
through reflections of other objects.
It is true, Cassius, that you do not possess any mirrors that
would enable you to glimpse your shadow by revealing your
hidden worthiness. Brutus, I really apologise for this. When they
talk about heroic Brutus and groan under the weight of this era,
I've heard that many of the most esteemed individuals in Rome—
aside from the eternal Caesar—wish he had his eyes.
BRUTUS - What means this shouting. I do fear,
people Choose Caesar for their king.

CASSIUS - Ay, do you fear it?

Then must I think you would not have it so.

BRUTUS- I would not, Cassius; yet I love him well.

But wherefore do you hold me here so long?
What is it that you would impart to me?
If it be aught toward the general good,
Set honour in one eye and death I' the other,
And I will look on both indifferently,
For let the gods so speed me as I love
The name of honour more than I fear death.

CASSIUS - I know that virtue to be in you, Brutus, As well

as I do know your outward favour.
Well, honour is the subject of my story.
I cannot tell what you and other men
Think of this life; but, for my single self,
I had as lief not be as live to be
In awe of such a thing as I myself.
I was born free as Caesar; so were you:
We both have fed as well, and we can both
Endure the winter's cold as well as he:
For once, upon a raw and gusty day,
The troubled Tiber chafing with her shores,
Caesar said to me 'Darest thou, Cassius, now
Leap in with me into this angry flood,
And swim to yonder point?' Upon the word,
Accoutred as I was, I plunged in
And bade him follow; so indeed he did.
The torrent roar'd, and we did buffet it
With lusty sinews, throwing it aside
And stemming it with hearts of controversy;
But ere we could arrive the point proposed,
Caesar cried 'Help me, Cassius, or I sink!’
BRUTUS: What does this yelling mean? I really worry that people may
elect Caesar as their king.

CASSIUS: Are you afraid of it?

Then, I believe, you would not have it that way.

BRUTUS: Cassius, I would not, but I still adore him.

But why do you keep me here for such a long time?
What knowledge would you like to give to me?
If it is beneficial to the greater good, put honor in one eye and death
in the other. I shall regard both with indifference because, may the
gods speed me, I am more afraid of death than I am of honor.

CASSIUS - As well as your apparent kindness, Brutus, I am aware of

such virtue in you. Well, the topic of my tale is honor. I have no idea
what you and other men think of this life, but as for me alone, I had
no reason to be as amazed by such a thing as I am. I was born free,
just like Caesar was; we have both been nourished and are both able
to withstand the winter's chill:
Once upon a rough and windy day, with the turbulent Tiber rubbing
against its banks, Caesar addressed me, saying, "Darest thou,
Cassius, now Leap in with me into this angry flood, and swim to
yonder." At that moment, fully clothed, I dove in and commanded him
to follow, which he duly did. And swim to that point?
Before we could reach the suggested place, Caesar yelled, "Help me,
Cassius, or I sink!" The flood roared, and we did buffet it with lusty
sinews, throwing it away, and halting it with hearts of contention.
I, as Aeneas, our great ancestor,
Did from the flames of Troy upon his shoulder
The old Anchises bear, so from the waves of Tiber
Did I the tired Caesar. And this man
Is now become a god, and Cassius is
A wretched creature and must bend his body,
If Caesar carelessly but nod on him.
He had a fever when he was in Spain,
And when the fit was on him, I did mark
How he did shae: 'tis true, this god did shake;
His coward lips did from their colour fly,
And that same eye whose bend doth awe the world
Did lose his lustre; I did hear him groan:
Ay, and that tongue of his that bade the Romans
Mark him and write his speeches in their books,
Alas, it cried 'Give me some drink, Titinius,'
As a sick girl. Ye gods, it doth amaze me
A man of such a feeble temper should
So get the start of the majestic world
And bear the palm alone. Shout. Flourish

BRUTUS - Another general shout!

I do believe that these applauses are
For some new honours that are heap'd on Caesar.

CASSIUS - Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world

Like a Colossus, and we petty men
Walk under his huge legs and peep about
To find ourselves dishonourable graves.
Men at some time are masters of their fates:
The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars,
But in ourselves, that we are underlings.
Brutus and Caesar: what should be in that 'Caesar'?
Why should that name be sounded more than yours?
Write them together, yours is as fair a name;
Sound them, it doth become the mouth as well;
Weigh them, it is as heavy; conjure with 'em,
Brutus will start a spirit as soon as Caesar.
I, the weary Caesar, did what our great-grandfather Aeneas did, which
was to emerge from the fires of Troy on the old Anchises bear's
shoulder. And this man has now become a deity, and Cassius is a
miserable being who has to flex his body whenever Caesar nods at
him carelessly.
When the fever struck, I saw how he shook: "It's true, this god did
shake; his cowardly lips did fly from their color, and that same eye
whose bend doth awe the world did lose its lustre." I heard him moan,
"Ay, and that tongue of his that bade the Romans." Unfortunately, it
called out like a sick girl, "Give me some drink, Titinius." My
goodness, that amazes me.
A man with such a weak disposition ought to receive the start of the
great globe and hold the palm by himself. Scream. Gourdish

BRUTUS: One more broad exclamation!

I do think that Caesar is receiving these applauses for some new
honors.

CASSIUS: Oh, oh, how he rules the small planet like a colossus, and
we menial mortals
Stroll beneath his massive legs and take a look around to discover
our unworthy tombs.
At some point in life, men become masters of their own destiny: the
problem, dear Brutus, lies not in the stars, but rather in our own
weakness.
Caesar and Brutus: what ought to be in that "Caesar"?
What makes that name seem better than yours?
Put them in writing together; your name is just as fair;
When you sound them, it also becomes the mouth; when you weigh
them, it becomes equally hefty; when you conjure with them, Brutus
will summon a ghost just like Caesar will.
Now, in the names of all the gods at once,
Upon what meat doth this our Caesar feed,
That he is grown so great? Age, thou art shamed!
Rome, thou hast lost the breed of noble bloods!
When went there by an age, since the great flood,
But it was famed with more than with one man?
When could they say till now, that talk'd of Rome,
That her wide walls encompass'd but one man?
Now is it Rome indeed and room enough,
When there is in it but one only man.
O, you and I have heard our fathers say,
There was a Brutus once that would have brook'd
The eternal devil to keep his state in Rome As easily as a king.

BRUTUS - That you do love me, I am nothing jealous;

What you would work me to, I have some aim:
How I have thought of this and of these times,
I shall recount hereafter; for this present,
I would not, so with love I might entreat you,
Be any further moved. What you have said
I will consider; what you have said
I will with patience hear, and find a time
Both meet to hear and answer such high things.
Till then, my noble friend, chew upon this:
Brutus had rather be a villager
Than to repute himself a son of Rome
Under these hard conditions as this
time Is like to lay upon us

CASSIUS - I am glad that my weak words

Have struck but thus much show of fire from Brutus.

BRUTUS - The games are done and Caesar is returning.

CASSIUS - As they pass by, pluck Casca by the sleeve; And he will, after his
sour fashion, tell you What hath proceeded worthy note to-day.
Re-enter CAESAR and his followers
In the name of all the gods at once, what kind of foodstuff is this Caesar
feeding himself to become so great? You are ashamed, age!
Rome, you no longer possess the aristocratic bloodline! However, was it
renowned for more than just one man? When was the last time somebody
who discussed Rome said that her vast walls only contained one man?
When there is only one individual inside, it is indeed Rome with ample
space. Oh, you and I have heard our elders tell us that there once was a
Brutus who would have easily let the eternal devil to maintain his position of
power in Rome.

BRUTUS: I am not jealous, and I do believe that you love me. I have
certain goals for what you would have me do. I will tell you later how I
have thought of this and these times. For now, though, I beg you not to
take me farther. I'll think about what you said, listen to it patiently, and
arrange a time for us to speak so we may discuss and respond to such
lofty topics.

In the interim, my esteemed companion, consider this: Brutus would have

preferred to live in a village than to claim to be a Rome-born son.

In these difficult circumstances that seem to be befall us at this time

CASSIA - I'm happy that my feeble remarks have caused Brutus to display
so much rage.

BRUTUS - Caesar is coming back after the final games.

CASSIUS: As they walk by, grab Casca by the sleeve. He will tell you what
has happened today that is noteworthy, in his nasty way.

Come back in, CAESAR and his people

BRUTUS - I will do so. But, look you, Cassius,
The angry spot doth glow on Caesar's brow,
And all the rest look like a chidden train:
Calpurnia's cheek is pale; and Cicero
Looks with such ferret and such fiery eyes
As we have seen him in the Capitol,
Being cross'd in conference by some senators.

CASSIUS - Casca will tell us what the matter is.

CAESER - Antonius!

ANTONY - Caesar?

CAESER - Let me have men about me that are fat;

Sleek-headed men and such as sleep o' nights:
Yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look;
He thinks too much: such men are dangerous.

ANTONY - Fear him not, Caesar; he's not dangerous;

He is a noble Roman and well given.

CAESER - Would he were fatter! But I fear him not:

Yet if my name were liable to fear,
I do not know the man I should avoid
So soon as that spare Cassius. He reads much:
He is a great observer and he looks
Quite through the deeds of men: he loves no plays,
As thou dost, Antony; he hears no music;
Seldom he smiles, and smiles in such a sort
As if he mock'd himself and scorn'd his spirit
That could be moved to smile at any thing.
Such men as he be never at heart's ease
Whiles they behold a greater than themselves
And therefore are they very dangerous.
I rather tell thee what is to be fear'd
Than what I fear; for always I am Caesar.
Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf,
And tell me truly what thou think'st of him.
Trumpet sound: Exeunt CAESAR and all his Train, but CASCA
BRUTUS: Of course I will. However, Cassius, notice how the angry spot on
Caesar's brow glows while the rest of him appears like a chidden train:
Calpurnia's cheek appears pallid, and Cicero's flaming eyes and ferret-like
expression are reminiscent of when we saw him in the Capitol, getting
pushed around by some senators during a discussion.

CASSIUS - Casca will explain the situation to us.

Antonius from CAESER!

ANTONY: Ruler?

CAESER: Allow me to surround myself with chubby men;

Men with slim heads and those who enjoy sleeping in:
Yond Cassius appears emaciated; he overthinks things and believes that
these kinds of individuals are harmful.

ANTONY: "Do not be afraid of him, Caesar. He is a well-given and noble

Roman."Would he be more corpulent? But I don't fear him; even if I were to
be afraid of him, I wouldn't know who I should stay away from. As soon as
Cassius spares that. He reads a lot.
He looks good and is an excellent observer. By the actions of men alone:
he has no taste for plays, as you have, Antony; he is uninterested in music;
and his rare smiles are of a kind that make him seem to be mocking
himself and his spirit, which is capable of being compelled to grin at
anything. Men like him are never at ease in their hearts. Because they see
something bigger than themselves, they are extremely dangerous. Since I
will always be Caesar, I would rather tell you what should be feared than
what I dread. As my right ear is deaf, please come to me by my right hand
and tell me honestly what you think of him.

Tone of trumpet: Bring forth CAESAR and his entire train, except CASCA
CASCA - You pull'd me by the cloak; would you speak with me?

BRUTUS - Ay, Casca; tell us what hath chanced to-day,

That Caesar looks so sad.

CASCA - Why, you were with him, were you not?

BRUTUS - I should not then ask Casca what had chanced.

CASCA - Why, there was a crown offered him: and being

offered him, he put it by with the back of his hand,
thus; and then the people fell a-shouting.

BRUTUS - What was the second noise for?

CASCA - Why, for that too.

CASSIUS - They shouted thrice: what was the last cry for?

CASCA - Why, for that too.

BRUTUS - Was the crown offered him thrice?

CASCA- Ay, marry, was't, and he put it by thrice, every

time gentler than other, and at every putting-by
mine honest neighbours shouted

CASSIUS - Who offered him the crown?

CASCA - Why, Antony.

BRUTUS - Tell us the manner of it, gentle Casca.

CASCA - I can as well be hanged as tell the manner of it:

it was mere foolery; I did not mark it. I saw Mark
Antony offer him a crown;-yet 'twas not a crown
neither, 'twas one of these coronets;-and, as I told
you, he put it by once: but, for all that, to my
thinking, he would fain have had it. Then he
offered it to him again; then he put it by again:
but, to my thinking, he was very loath to lay his
fingers off it. And then he offered it the third
time; he put it the third time by: and still as he
refused it, the rabblement hooted and clapped their
chapped hands and threw up their sweaty night-caps
and uttered such a deal of stinking breath because
Caesar refused the crown that it had almost choked
Caesar; for he swounded and fell down at it; and
For mine own part, I durst not laugh, for fear of
Opening my lips and receiving the bad air.
CASCA: You grabbed me by the cloak; might we talk?

BRUTUS: Hey Casca, tell us what happened today. Caesar seems so depressed.

CASCA: You were with him, didn't you?

BRUTUS: I shouldn't have asked Casca what happened at that point.

CASCA: Well, a crown was handed to him. When it was, he rejected it with the back of his
hand, which caused the crowd to erupt in applause.

BRUTUS: Why was there a second sound?

CASCA: Yes, also for that.

CASSIUS: They cried out three times. For what purpose was the last cry?

CASCA: Yes, also for that.

BRUTUS: Was he presented with the crown three times?

CASCA: "Ay, marry, wasn't," and he repeated it three times, each time more kinder than
the last. My honest neighbors yelled at each repetition.

CASSIUS: Who made the crown offer to him?

CASCA: Antony, why?

BRUTUS: Tell us how it happened, kind Casca.

CASCA: I didn't mark it; it was just foolishness, so I might as well be executed for telling
how it happened. I saw Mark Anthony hand him a crown, but it wasn't a crown at all—
rather, it was one of these coronets—and he accepted it at that moment, as I previously told
you. Nevertheless, despite everything, in my opinion, he would have preferred to have had
it. He then extended his offer to him once more and once more placed it by:However, it
seemed to me that he was reluctant to touch it. When he offered it a third time, he put it
this way: and even as he declined, the crowd erupted in applause, clapped their hands,
spat out their sweaty nightgowns, and let out a great deal of foul breath because Caesar
had nearly choked on the crown; he swooned and collapsed at it. As for me, I refrained
from laughing out of fear of opening my mouth and breathing in the foul air.
CASSIUS - But, soft, I pray you: what, did Caesar swound?

CASCA - He fell down in the market-place, and foamed at mouth, and was speechless.

BRUTUS - 'Tis very like: he hath the falling sickness.

CASSIUS - No, Caesar hath it not; but you and I, And honest Casca, we have the falling sickness.

CASCA - I know not what you mean by that; but, I am sure,

Caesar fell down. If the tag-rag people did not

clap him and hiss him, according as he pleased and

displeased them, as they use to do the players in

the theatre, I am no true man.

BRUTUS - What said he when he came unto himself?

CASCA - Marry, before he fell down, when he perceived the

common herd was glad he refused the crown, he

plucked me ope his doublet and offered them his

throat to cut. An I had been a man of any

occupation, if I would not have taken him at a word,

I would I might go to hell among the rogues. And so

he fell. When he came to himself again, he said,

If he had done or said anything amiss, he desired

their worships to think it was his infirmity.

Three or four wenches, where I stood, cried 'Alas, good soul!'

and forgave him with all their hearts:

but there's no heed to be taken of them; if Caesar had

stabbed their mothers, they would have done no less.

BRUTUS - And after that, he came, thus sad, away?

CASCA - Ay.

CASSIUS - Did Cicero say any thing?

CASCA - Ay, he spoke Greek.

CASSIUS - To what effect?

CASSIUS: But, kindly, may I ask you: what wound did Caesar sustain?

CASCA: He collapsed in the marketplace, frothing at the lips and unable to

speak.

BRUTUS: It's similar to: he has the falling illness.

No, Caesar does not possess it; nonetheless, you and I, together with the
honorable Casca, suffer from the falling disease.

CASCA: I'm not sure what you mean when you say that, but I'm positive
that Caesar collapsed. I am not a true man if the tag-rag people did not
clap and hiss at him as he pleased or displeased them, just like they used
to do with the actors in the plays.

BRUTUS: When he faced himself, what did he say?

CASCA - Marry, just before he collapsed, he pulled off his doublet and
offered them his throat to chop when he saw that the common herd was
happy that he had declined the crown. If I hadn't accepted him at his word,
as a man of any profession, I might have ended up in hell with the outlaws.
Thus, he collapsed. He remarked, "If I had done or said anything wrong, I
wanted their worship to believe it was a weakness." as he regained
consciousness.

Where I was, three or four wenches exclaimed, "Alas, good soul!" and
showed him their sincere forgiveness; nevertheless, little attention should be
paid to them because they would not have behaved any differently if Caesar
had stabbed their mothers.

BRUTUS: And then he left, looking so dejected?

Ay, CASCA.

CASSIUS: Was there anything Cicero said?

CASCA: "Aye, he knew Greek."

CASSIUS: How much of an impact?

CASCA - Nay, an I tell you that, I'll ne'er look you ' the

face again: but those that understood him smiled at

one another and shook their heads; but, for mine own

part, it was Greek to me. I could tell you more

news too: Marullus and Flavius, for pulling scarfs

off Caesar's images, are put to silence.

Fare you well. There was more foolery yet,

if I could remember it.

CASSIUS - Will you sup with me to-night, Casca?

CASCA - No, I am promised forth.

CASSIUS - Will you dine with me to-morrow?

CASCA - Ay, if I be alive and your mind hold and your dinner worth the eating.

CASSIUS - Good: I will expect you.

CASCA - Do so. Farewell, both.

Exit CASCA

BRUTUS - What a blunt fellow is this grown to be! He was quick mettle when he
went to school.

CASSIUS - So is he now in execution

Of any bold or noble enterprise,

However he puts on this tardy form.

This rudeness is a sauce to his good wit,

Which gives men stomach to digest his words

With better appetite.

BRUTUS - And so it is. For this time I will leave you:

To-morrow, if you please to speak with me,

I will come home to you; or, if you will,

Come home to me, and I will wait for you.

CASCA: "Oh, no, and I promise never to look you in the face again."
Those who comprehended him, however, shook their heads and
grinned at one another, but as for me, I found it all very Greek. I may
also share some additional news with you: Flavius and Marullus are
silenced for removing scarves from portraits of Caesar.

I wish you well. I could not recall any more foolishness, assuming
there was any.

CASSIUS: Casca, will you hang out with me tonight?

CASCA: No, I have a pledge.

Will you join me for dinner tomorrow, Cassius?

CASCA: "Ay, if I were still here, and your thoughts were clear, and
your dinner was delicious."

CASSIUS-Good: I'll be ready for you.

CASCA - Take action. Greetings, both.

Leave CASCA

BRUTUS: What a blunt guy this has become! When he got to school,
he was quick to learn.

CASSIUS: Despite his tardiness, he is now carrying out a brave or

honorable endeavor.

His impoliteness serves as a condiment for his sharp wit, which

makes people more hungry to absorb what he says.

BRUTUS: That's right. I'll leave you for now. If you could talk to me
tomorrow, I'll come home to you; if you'd rather, come home to me,
and I'll wait for you.
CASSIUS - I will do so: till then, think of the world.
Exit BRUTUS
Well, Brutus, thou art noble; yet, I see,
Thy honourable metal may be wrought
From that it is disposed: therefore it is meet
That noble minds keep ever with their likes;
For who so firm that cannot be seduced?
Caesar doth bear me hard; but he loves Brutus:
If I were Brutus now and he were Cassius,
He should not humour me. I will this night,
In several hands, in at his windows throw,
As if they came from several citizens,
Writings all tending to the great opinion
That Rome holds of his name; wherein obscurely
Caesar's ambition shall be glanced at:
And after this let Caesar seat him sure;
For we will shake him, or worse days endure.
 SCENE III

Rome- A Street. Thunder and lightning

Enter from opposite sides, CASCA, with his sword drawn and CICERO.

CICERO - Good even, and why stare you Caesar home?

Why are you breathless? and why stare you so?

CASCA - Are not you moved, when all the sway of earth

Shakes like a thing unfirm? O Cicero,

I have seen tempests, when the scolding winds

Have rived the knotty oaks, and I have seen

The ambitious ocean swell and rage and foam,

To be exalted with the threatening clouds:

But never till to-night, never till now,

Did I go through a tempest dropping fire.

Either there is a civil strife in heaven,

Or else the world, too saucy with the gods,

Incenses them to send destruction.

CICERO - Why, saw you anything more wonderful?

CASCA - A common slave you know him well by sight

Held up his left hand. , which did flame and burn

Like twenty torches join'd, and yet his hand,

Not sensible of fire, remain'd unscorch'd.

Besides I ha' not since put up my sword

Against the Capitol I met a lion,

Who glaz'd upon me, and went surly by,

Without annoying me: and there were drawn

Upon a heap a hundred ghastly women,

Transformed with their fear; who swore they saw

Men all in fire walk up and down the streets.

And yesterday the bird of night did sit

Even at noon-day upon the market-place,

Hooting and shrieking. When these prodigies

Do so conjointly meet, let not men say

'These are their reasons; they are natural;

'For, I believe, they are portentous things

Unto the climate that they point upon.

Come from both directions, CICERO and CASCA, both with a drawn sword.
CICERO: Alright, then why are you staring at your house, Caesar?
Why do you lack breath? and why are you staring at me like that?
CASCA: Do you not feel affected when the entire earth trembles as if it were an unstable
object? Cicero, I have witnessed tempests during which the biting winds
I've crossed the knotty oaks and witnessed the mighty ocean rise, roar, and foam, elevated
by the menacing clouds:

Nevertheless, I have never experienced a tempest dropping fire till tonight and even now.
Either the gods are enraged to the point of destruction by civil unrest in heaven, or the
world is too flirtatious with them.
CICERO: Why, did I see anything more amazing from you?
CASCA: A common slave whose face you recognize immediately
raised his left hand, which burned and flared.
Like twenty torches joined together, his hand remained unscorched despite not being
sensitive to heat.
In addition, I haven't raised my blade against the Capitol since. I saw a lion stare at me
and walk by surly without bothering me. Additionally, there were a hundred horrifying
women sketched on a heap. Changed by their terror, they claimed to have witnessed men
dressed entirely in flames moving through the streets.
And yesterday, the nightbird was still sitting on the marketplace at midday, screeching
and hooting. When these masters get together in such a way, let no one remark, "These
are their reasons; they are natural." In my opinion, they are prophetic signs for the
environment they indicate.
CICERO - Indeed, it is a strange-disposed time:

But men may construe things after their fashion,

Clean from the purpose of the things themselves.

Come Caesar to the Capitol to-morrow?

CASCA - He doth; for he did bid Antonius

Send word to you he would be there to-morrow.

CICERO - Good night then, Casca: this disturbed sky

Is not to walk in.

CASCA - Farewell, Cicero.

Exit CICERO
Enter CASSIUS

CASSIUS -Who's there?

CASCA - A Roman.

CASSIUS - Casca, by your voice.

CASCA - Your ear is good. Cassius, what night is this!

CASSIUS - A very pleasing night to honest men.

CASCA - Who ever knew the heavens menace so?

CASSIUS - Those that have known the earth so full of faults. For my part, I have walk'd
about the streets,

Submitting me unto the perilous night,

And, thus unbraced, Casca, as you see,

Have bared my bosom to the thunder-stone;

And when the cross blue lightning seem'd to open

The breast of heaven, I did present myself

Even in the aim and very flash of it.

CASCA - But wherefore did you so much tempt the heavens? It is the part of men to
fear and tremble, When the most mighty gods by tokens send Such dreadful heralds to
astonish us.
CICERO: It's true that we live in an odd age, but people tend to interpret things
according to their own preferences rather than considering the intended use of the
objects.

Come tomorrow, Caesar, to the Capitol?

CASCA: Indeed, he does, as he requested Antonius to inform you that he would

be present tomorrow.

CICERO: Good night, Casca. It's not appropriate to walk into this troubled sky.

CASCA - Cicero, farewell.

Leave CICERO

Come on, CASSIUS

CASSIUS: Who is present?

A Roman is CASCA.

CASSIUS: Through your voice, Casca.

CASCA: You have a healthy ear. What night is it, Cassius?

CASSIUS: A night full of pleasure for honorable men.

CASCA: Who knew that the sky could be so dangerous?

CASSIUS: Those who have experienced a planet rife with imperfections. Personally,
I have strolled through the streets, exposing myself to the dangerous darkness.

And as you can see, Casca unbraced me, exposing my breasts to the
thunderstone;

And I did manifest myself even at the intent and very flash of it, when the cross
blue lightning seemed to open the breast of heaven.

CASCA: But why did you tempt the skies with such abandon? When the most
powerful gods, by tokens, send such terrible heralds to astound us, it is our duty
as humans to fear and shudder.
CASSIUS - You are dull, Casca, and those sparks of life

That should be in a Roman you do want,

Or else you use not. You look pale and gaze

And put on fear and cast yourself in wonder,

To see the strange impatience of the heavens:

But if you would consider the true cause

Why all these fires, why all these gliding ghosts,

Why birds and beasts from quality and kind,

Why old men fool and children calculate,

Why all these things change from their ordinance

Their natures and preformed faculties

To monstrous quality,--why, you shall find

That heaven hath infused them with these spirits,

To make them instruments of fear and warning

Unto some monstrous state.

Now could I, Casca, name to thee a man

Most like this dreadful night,

That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars

As doth the lion in the Capitol,

A man no mightier than thyself or me

In personal action, yet prodigious grown

And fearful, as these strange eruptions are.

CASCA- 'Tis Caesar that you mean; is it not, Cassius?

CASSIUS - Let it be who it is: for Romans now

Have thews and limbs like to their ancestors;

But, woe the while! our fathers' minds are dead,

And we are govern'd with our mothers' spirits;

Our yoke and sufferance show us womanish.

CASCA - Indeed, they say the senators tomorrow

Mean to establish Caesar as a king;

And he shall wear his crown by sea and land,

In every place, save here in Italy.

CASSIUS: You are uninteresting, Casca, and you should desire the life-
giving sparks that belong in a Roman, or else you wouldn't employ them.
You appear pale, look around, put on fear, and become amazed at the
strange impatience of the heavens. However, if you were to think about the
real reason behind all of these fires, all of these gliding ghosts, all of the
different kinds of birds and beasts, all of the foolish old men, and all of the
young children who calculate, How come everything has changed since their
ordinance? Their personalities and innate abilities have become monstrous.
You will discover that these spirits have been bestowed upon them by
heaven, turning them into terrifying and cautionary symbols of a monstrous
kind. I, Casca, might now name for you a man who is no more powerful
than you or me, a man who is most like this terrible night that opens
graves, thunders, lightsens, and roars like the lion in the Capitol. As weird
as these outbursts are, they are personal, yet they have expanded
enormously and are frightening.

CASCA: I take it you mean Caesar, don't you, Cassius?

CASSIUS: Accept things as they are; Romans now bear the same limbs and
defects as their predecessors had; yet, alas! Our yoke and suffering reveal
us to be womanly; our fathers' thoughts are dead, and our mothers' spirits
rule us.

CASCA - It is true that the senators plan to install Caesar as king

tomorrow. He will wear his crown both on land and at sea, everywhere
except in Italy.
CASSIUS - I know where I will wear this dagger then,

Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius:

Therein, ye gods, you make the weak most strong;

Therein, ye gods, you tyrants do defeat:

Nor stony tower, nor walls of beaten brass,

Nor airless dungeon, nor strong links of iron,

Can be retentive to the strength of spirit;

But life, being weary of these worldly bars,

Never lacks power to dismiss itself.

If I know this, know all the world besides,

That part of tyranny that I do bear

I can shake off at pleasure. Thunder still

CASCA - So can I:

So every bondman in his own hand bears

The power to cancel his captivity.

CASSIUS - And why should Caesar be a tyrant then?

Poor man! I know he would not be a wolf,

But that he sees the Romans are but sheep:

He were no lion, were not Romans hinds.

Those that with haste will make a mighty fire

Begin it with weak straws: what trash is Rome,

What rubbish and what offal, when it serves

For the base matter to illuminate

So vile a thing as Caesar! But, O grief,

Where hast thou led me? I perhaps speak this

Before a willing bondman; then I know

My answer must be made. But I am arm'd,

And dangers are to me indifferent.

CASCA - You speak to Casca, and to such a man

That is no fleering tell-tale. Hold, my hand:

Be factious for redress of all these griefs,

And I will set this foot of mine as far

As who goes farthest.

CASSIUS: "Therein, ye gods, you make the weak most strong;" I know
where I will wear this knife when Cassius from bondage delivers it to
[Link], you tyrants do lose, ye gods: Not a stone tower, not walls
made of pounded brass, not an airless prison, not sturdy iron
connections, able to hold onto one's inner strength; However, life, tired
of these earthly constraints, Never lacks power to dismiss itself. If I
know this, know all the world besides, That part of tyranny that I do
bear. I can shake off at pleasure. Thunder still

CASCA - And so may I: Each bondman carries the authority to end

his confinement in his own hands.

CASSIUS: Given that, why should Caesar be a despot?

Alas, poor man! I understand that he recognizes the Romans as

sheep rather than wolves:He was no lion, and he was not a Roman
hind. Those who act quickly will create a powerful fire. Start off small
by asking, "What trash is Rome? What garbage and what offal, when
it serves?" To make the fundamental matter visible. A monster as
horrible as Caesar! But where have you brought me, oh grief? I might
say this to a willing bondman, at which point I realize I have to
respond. However, I am armed, and I don't care about the risks.

CASCA: You are speaking to a man named Casca, and that man is
definitely not a runaway. Take hold of my hand, and I will walk as far
as the person who goes furthest in seeking satisfaction for all of these
grievances.
CASSIUS - There's a bargain made.

Now know you, Casca, I have moved already

Some certain of the noblest-minded Romans

To undergo with me an enterprise

Of honourable-dangerous consequence;

And I do know, by this, they stay for me

In Pompey's porch: for now, this fearful night,

There is no stir or walking in the streets;

And the complexion of the element

In favour's like the work we have in hand,

Most bloody, fiery, and most terrible.

CASCA - Stand close awhile, for here comes one in haste.

CASSIUS - 'Tis Cinna; I do know him by his gait;

He is a friend. (Enter Cinna) Cinna, where haste you so?

CINNA - To find out you. Who's that? Metellus Cimber?

CASSIUS - No, it is Casca; one incorporate

To our attempts. Am I not stay'd for, Cinna?

CINNA -I am glad on 't. What a fearful night is this!

There's two or three of us have seen strange sights.

CASSIUS - Am I not stay'd for? tell me.

CINNA - Yes, you are.

O Cassius, if you could

But win the noble Brutus to our party—

CASSIUS - Be you content: good Cinna, take this paper,

And look you lay it in the praetor's chair,

Where Brutus may but find it; and throw this

In at his window; set this up with wax

Upon old Brutus' statue: all this done,

Repair to Pompey's porch, where you shall find us.

Is Decius Brutus and Trebonius there?

CASSIA - A deal has been struck.

Knowing you now, Casca, I have already persuaded a few of the most honorable-
minded Romans to join me in an endeavor of honorable-dangerous consequence;
And I am aware that they are waiting for me on Pompey's porch because, for the
time being on this dreadful night, nobody is stirring or strolling around the streets,
and the element's complexion is favorable to the labor we have ahead of us—that
is, it is extremely horrible, gory, and fiery.

CASCA: Keep a close eye on this one as it is approaching quickly.

CASSIUS: "It's Cinna; his gait does identify him as a friend." Cinna enters. Where
have you gone so quickly?

CINNA: To discover you. Who is it? Callistus Cimber?

CASSIUS - No, that's Casca; let us include her in our endeavors. Cinna, am I not
stayed for?

CINNA: I'm happy about that. What a terrifying evening this is!

Two or three of us have witnessed unusual sights.

CASSIUS: Am I not being waited on? Inform me.

CINNA: You are, indeed.

If only you could entice the honorable Brutus to our celebration, Cassius—

CASSIUS: "Good Cinna, take this paper and look you lay it in the praetor's chair,
where Brutus may but find it; and throw this In at his window; set this up with wax
Upon old Brutus' statue," says Cassius, "be content." Once everything is finished,
repair to Pompey's porch, where you will find us.

Trebonius and Decius Brutus are they present?

CINNA - All but Metellus Cimber; and he's gone

To seek you at your house. Well, I will hie,

And so bestow these papers as you bade me.

CASSIUS - That done, repair to Pompey's theatre

Exit CINNA
Come, Casca, you and I will yet ere day

See Brutus at his house: three parts of him

Is ours already, and the man entire

Upon the next encounter yields him ours.

CASCA – O, he sits high in all the people's hearts:

And that which would appear offence in us,

His countenance, like richest alchemy,

Will change to virtue and to worthiness.

CASSIUS - Him and his worth and our great need of him

You have right well conceited. Let us go,

For it is after midnight; and ere day

We will awake him and be sure of him.

Exeunt
CINNA - Everybody is gone except for Metellus Cimber, who
left to look for you at your home. I will, however, give these
documents to you as you requested.

After then, CASSIUS repaired Pompey's theater.

Exit CINNA

Come, Casca, you and I will never see Brutus at his home
again. Three aspects of him are already ours, and the man
as a whole becomes ours when we see him again.

CASCA - O, he sits high in the hearts of all people. And

what in us would seem offensive, His countenance will
transform into virtue and worthiness like the richest alchemy.

CASSIUS - You have a huge sense of self-importance, but

he is also very valuable to us. Let's leave since it is beyond
midnight. We shall wake him the next day and be certain of
him.

Exeget
THE END!