I.

Overview
1. Definition of wastewater monitoring
Wastewater monitoring is a system installed where wastewater has been
treated for pollutants. The system will monitor flow and measure water quality
through indicators measured at installation points.
Industrial park wastewater monitoring is a system installed at the final
discharge channel in factories, industrial parks, export processing zones... The
purpose of this system is to measure and monitor water quality. industrial waste
through measured indicators at installation points
1.1 Forms of industrial park wastewater monitoring
Currently, there are two forms of industrial park wastewater monitoring: direct
monitoring and automatic industrial wastewater monitoring (also known as online
wastewater monitoring station). Among them, automatic industrial park
wastewater monitoring stations are highly appreciated for their many outstanding
advantages such as:
• Can control the system remotely thanks to an internet connection
• Timely detect negative changes in the environment thanks to the automatic and
continuous alarm function.
• The operating system is simple, compact, does not take much time and human
resources.
• Gives quick and reliable results.
1.2Object required to install a wastewater monitoring system
With the current number of large production factories in our country, every day
thousands of m3 of wastewater are discharged into the environment. Controlling
water quality, monitoring and treating industrial wastewater is always a "difficult
problem" for authorities and wastewater factories. Accordingly, to find a solution,
some businesses are required to install an automatic environmental monitoring
system for industrial wastewater according to Clause 2, Article 39, Decree
40/2019/ND-CP including:
• Industrial parks and facilities located in industrial parks but are exempt
from connecting to centralized automatic wastewater treatment monitoring
equipment.
 • Production facilities have the risk of causing environmental pollution with
a discharge scale of 500 m3/day or more calculated according to the design
capacity of the wastewater treatment system.
• Provincial-level centralized hazardous waste and solid waste treatment
facilities and facilities using imported scrap as production materials
generate industrial wastewater.
• Other production facilities with a discharge scale of 1,000 m3/day or more
calculated according to the design capacity of the wastewater treatment
system.
2.Current status of water environment work in Vietnam
2.1 Current status
Since 2008, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has invested in
automatic water monitoring stations. Fixed automatic water stations have been
included in supported operations and capacity support for environmental
management work through continuously updated, temporary chain data.
However, currently, funding to maintain annual stations is limited, affecting the
stable operation of the stations.
The network of dynamic surface water observation stations is not part of the
planning, however, according to the actual needs of environmental management
in river basins, since 2008, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has
invested in building 10 new stations. Automatic monitoring of water quality in
river basins includes 07 stations on the Nhue - Day river basin, Cau river, Huong
river, and Dong Nai river installed in the provinces: Hanoi (02 stations), Bac Ninh,
Thai Nguyen, Binh Duong, Hue; Ha Nam, 01 cross-border water monitoring station
in Lao Cai (Red River watershed in Lao Cai) and 01 station in Dak Lak Province.
Network for monitoring, collecting, processing and managing data on the state of
water objects into a national control system. The term control is understood as an
observation system that at least allows recording changes in the environmental
state under the influence of human activities.
The work of checking the quality and distribution of fresh water between water
users and water consumers is assigned to many respective ministries and
branches.
Regarding the state of biological protection of water bodies within cities and
populations, it is the responsibility of the Ministry of Health. The biological
protection mechanism of this apparatus performs the work of controlling a system
of biological characteristics - ecological protection of water in water objects used
for water supply.
Currently, determining the quality characteristics of water is possible by
comparing monitoring indicators with standard characteristics for the
concentration up to the permissible limit of this or that substance in the water
object. Such quantitative estimates of pollution in Ngoi rivers and water bodies,
and operational checks on pollution, require regular, automatic, and continuous
observation networks.
The main task of quality control (or pollution contamination) of continental waters
is to monitor, evaluate and predict their state. At the same time, identify and
evaluate biological factors and sources, allowing to determine the level of human
impact on water objects..

2.2. Existing problems and challenges

Although some encouraging initial results and successes have been
achieved, it must be frankly admitted that currently there has not been a
breakthrough to develop and promote the operation of the environmental
observation system. in a synchronous, advanced and modern direction,
introducing our country's environmental observation system to integrate into the
observation systems of advanced countries in the region and the world. Some
exist, the tools may be as follows:
- The system of legal documents and technical guidance documents for
environmental monitoring activities is still incomplete;
- The system of technical regulations/standards, economic and technical
regulations in environmental monitoring is still not synchronized and has many
conflicts;
- Funding for environmental monitoring activities at both the Chinese and local
levels is limited according to requirements. Due to limited funding for
environmental monitoring, national environmental stimulation programs have not
increased the intensity, quantity and speed of observations, leading to undetected
conditions consistent with pollution. , the device identifies the character and
offers a solution. In many localities, environmental management activities are
allocated minimal, insignificant funding. This is also the reason why localities do
not have a detailed grasp of the environmental pollution situation in their locality.
- Funds for maintaining and operating observation equipment are also not fully
provided, leading to a situation where some equipment has been invested but
there is no funding for maintenance and operation, causing difficulties. waste,
waste.
- The equipment system for environmental monitoring and analysis is invested in a
lack of uniformity throughout the system, affecting data quality. Many monitoring
and analysis results are difficult to make sense and are difficult to understand. So
they are compared with each other.
- Human resources to carry out environmental observations in general but are
limited in quantity and quality. Training and development of human resources to
carry out environmental monitoring have not received much attention;
2.3. Things to consider to in industrial wastewater monitoring
Wastewater from production activities contains chemicals, raw materials,
additives... causing this water source to be polluted. Depending on the industry
and the method of discharge, this pollution will have different levels. According to
regulations, industrial wastewater must be treated before being discharged into
the environment.
What steps does the wastewater monitoring process include?
Depending on the industrial sectors, units will have different monitoring goals.
However, the monitoring process needs to ensure the following process:
• + Determine program goals and negotiate with business owners.
• + Prepare a list of estimates, equipment, and personnel.
• + Conduct on-site monitoring: conduct sampling, measurement and end the
industrial wastewater monitoring process on-site. Transport and preserve samples
for analysis.
• + Conduct analysis in the laboratory.
• + Prepare environmental monitoring reports.
General parameters in monitoring
Based on regional monitoring documents, general parameters for industrial
wastewater monitoring programs include:
• + pH characterizes the potential danger to the receiving water source.
• + Tss is a general parameter to evaluate the composition of pollutants.
• + COD index shows the level of pollution coming from organic substances.
• + BOD5 index characterizes biodegradable organic substances..
• + NH3-N directly affects the receiving environment.
Some industrial wastewater monitoring parameters for each specific industry can
be referred to in the table below:

3. Overview of Decree No. 08/2022/ND-CP and Circular 02/2022/TT-BTNMT

BTNMT of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
3.1 Difference between circular and decree
3.1.1 Regulations on the Decree

The Decree will be issued by the Government. The Government Decree was issued to:
– Detailed regulations on assigned articles, clauses and points in laws and resolutions of
the National Assembly, ordinances and resolutions of the National Assembly Standing
Committee, orders and decisions of the President.

– Regulations on specific measures to organize the implementation of the Constitution,

laws, resolutions of the National Assembly, ordinances, resolutions of the National
Assembly Standing Committee, orders and decisions of the President.

– Prescribe measures to implement socio-economic, defense, security, finance, monetary,

budget, tax, ethnic, religious, cultural, educational, medical, and scientific policies.
education, technology, environment, foreign affairs, public service regime, cadres, civil
servants, public employees, rights and obligations of citizens and other issues under the
management and administration of the Government.

– Regulations on issues related to the duties and powers of two or more ministries and
ministerial-level agencies.

– Regulations on tasks, powers, and organizational apparatus of ministries, ministerial-

level agencies, agencies under the Government and other agencies under the authority
of the Government.

– Regulations on necessary issues under the authority of the National Assembly and the
National Assembly Standing Committee, but not yet qualified to be formulated into laws
or ordinances to meet the requirements of state management and economic
management , social management.

3.1.2 Regulations on Circulars

The circular will be issued by the Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court; Director of
the Supreme People's Procuracy; Ministers and Heads of ministerial-level agencies
promulgate.

Accordingly, the provisions of the Circular are as follows:

– Circular of the Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court:

Circular of the Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court issued to implement the
management of People's Courts and Military Courts on organization and other issues
specified in the Law on Organization of People's Courts and other laws. communication
related.

– Circular of the Director of the Supreme People's Procuracy:

Circular issued by the Director of the Supreme People's Procuracy aims to regulate issues
assigned by the Law on Organization of the People's Procuracy and other relevant laws.
– Circulars of Ministers and Heads of ministerial-level agencies:

Circular issued by Ministers and Heads of ministerial-level agencies to stipulate:

+ Measures to carry out its state management functions.

+ Stipulate details of assigned articles, clauses and points in laws and resolutions of the
National Assembly, ordinances and resolutions of the National Assembly Standing
Committee, orders and decisions of the President, decrees of the Government, decision
of the Prime Minister.

3.2 Implement Decree No. 08/2022/ND-CP of the Ministry of Natural Resources

and Environment
To implement policies in the field of environment in the Law on Environmental
Protection (Environmental Protection) 2020, the Government issued Decree No.
08/2022/ND-CP dated January 10, 2022 detailing a number of regulations. Articles
of the Law on Environmental Protection, the Minister of Natural Resources and
Environment issued Circular No. 02/2022/TT-BTNMT dated January 10, 2022
detailing the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Environmental
Protection . The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has closely
coordinated with relevant ministries, branches, localities, agencies and units to
organize propaganda, training and dissemination of new regulations and policies
of the Law on Environmental Protection to the fullest. agencies, organizations, and
individuals; Regularly respond and specifically answer opinions and
recommendations of agencies, organizations and individuals during the
implementation of the Law and documents detailing guidance and
implementation; Proactively urge relevant ministries and branches to promulgate
legal documents, guidelines and regulations within the responsibilities assigned by
the Prime Minister in Decision No. 343/QD-TTg dated December 12. March 2021
promulgates Plan to implement the Law on Environmental Protection. Up to now,
the implementation of new regulations and policies of the Law on Environmental
Protection has gradually come to life, initially creating positive changes in the
awareness and consciousness of people, organizations and the business
community. in environmental protection work.
Regarding projects with water resource exploitation and use activities: Pursuant to
the provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection on criteria for scale of
natural resource exploitation, Point d, Clause 1, Article 25 of Decree No.
08/2022/ND-CP regulates the scale of natural resource exploitation divided into 02
groups according to the authority to grant mineral exploitation licenses, exploit
and use water resources according to the provisions of law on minerals and water
resources. On that basis, in Appendix IV of Decree No. 08/2022/ND-CP stipulates
that projects that exploit and use water resources under the licensing authority of
the Provincial People's Committee (PPC) must implement currently DTM.
Currently, the law on water resources regulates the exploitation of underground
water for production, business and service activities of 10 m3/day or more or the
exploitation of surface water of 100 m3/day or more. must be licensed by a
competent authority, so investment projects that exploit underground water on
the above scale to serve production, business and service activities must undergo
EIA. During the implementation process, there have been a number of comments
suggesting amendments and supplements to this regulation in the direction of
increasing the scale of underground and surface water exploitation to serve
production, business and service activities to a higher level. to reduce
environmental administrative practices for organizations and individuals
3.3 Implement Circular 02/2022/TT-BTNMT of the Ministry of Natural Resources
and Environment
On January 10, 2022, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment issued
Circular 02/2022/TT-BTNMT detailing the implementation of a number of articles
of the Law on Environmental Protection. The Circular takes effect from the date of
signing.
Accordingly, the criteria for household solid waste treatment technology are as
follows: Ability to receive and classify waste, treat odors, leachate, exhaust gases,
be flexible in combining other technologies, treatment of different types of solid
waste; Level of automation and localization of equipment lines; Prioritize
technology that has been successfully applied and meets environmental standards
and technical regulations on waste treatment and recycling equipment; Save land
use area; Energy saving, ability to recover energy during processing;...
In addition, the Provincial People's Committee decides on the form of collecting
prices for services of collecting, transporting and treating household solid waste
according to the weight or volume of waste in one of the following cases:
Approving the price selling packaging for household solid waste; Through the
volume of equipment containing domestic solid waste; Through weighing to
determine the volume of household solid waste.
In addition, hazardous waste packaging must meet the following requirements:
Hazardous waste packaging ensures safe storage of hazardous waste, without
damage or tearing; Soft packaging is tightly sealed and hard packaging has a tight
lid to prevent waste from leaking or evaporating; Liquid waste, pasty sludge or
waste with volatile hazardous components must be contained in rigid packaging
not exceeding 90% of the capacity or the highest content level is 10 cm from the
upper limit of the packaging.
The Office of the City People's Committee notifies the Department of Natural
Resources and Environment to preside and coordinate with departments,
branches, People's Committees of districts and relevant agencies and units to
know, research and implement implementation, and at the same time have
documents to propagate, disseminate and guide relevant organizations, individuals
and units in the city to know and implement related contents.
Triển khai thực hiện Thông tư 02/2022/TT-BTNMT của Bộ Tài nguyên và Môi
trường (danang.gov.vn)
Phân biệt giữa thông tư và nghị định - Luật Hồng Phúc (luathongphuc.vn)
Hệ thống quan trắc môi trường ở Việt Nam | Minh Thành Group (mtgroup.tech)
TỔNG QUAN MỘT SỐ CÔNG TRÌNH TRONG NƯỚC LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN QUAN TRẮC
MÔI TRƯỜNG TỰ ĐỘNG (wri.vn)
CEM | THỰC TRẠNG HỆ THỐNG QUAN TRẮC MÔI TRƯỜNG Ở VIỆT NAM
Đối tượng nào cần quan trắc nước thải khu công nghiệp - Minh Thành Group
(mtgroup.tech)