Module 04

ELECTRONIC FUNDAMENTALS

Q Semiconductors
Q Printed Circuit Boards
Q Servomechanisms
 Module 04

ELECTRONIC FUNDAMENTALS

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICS GROUP

www.iiagroup.co.in
New Delhi Patna
 Electronic Fundamentals in Aviation

M4

Available in
Printed Edition E-book format

REVISION LOG
ISSUE Rev. EFFECTIVE DATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE
I 0 01.09.2020 Initial Issue

2 8 3 4 4 7 9 6 2 8 3 4 4 9 9 0
 Part 66 Examination Standard

A or B1 Aeroplane
Subject Module with
Turbine engine(s)

Module No. Module Name Cat. A Cat. B1.1

1 Mathematics* X
2 Physics* X
3 Electrical Fundamentals X X
4 Electronic Fundamentals X
5 Digital Techniques/electronic Instrument Systems X X
6 Materials and Hardware X X
7A Maintenance Practices X X
8 Basic Aerodynamics X X
9A Human Factors X X
10 Aviation Legislation X X
11A Turbine Aeroplane Aerodynamics, Structures and Systems X X
15 Gas Turbine Engine X X
17A Propeller X X

*Module 1 (Mathematics) & Module 2 (Physics) not applicable for DGCA CAR 66 Examination.

Module 04 - Electronics Fundamentals iii

 Index
Cat. Cat. Page
A B No.

Sub-Module 01-Semiconductors
1 2 1.1
to
4.1.1 - Diodes 1.64
(a) Diode symbols;
Diode characteristics and properties;
Diodes in series and parallel;
Main characteristics and use of silicon controlled rectifiers (thyristors), light emitting diode,
photo conductive diode, varistor, rectifier diodes;
Functional testing of diodes.
b) Materials, electron configuration, electrical properties;
P and N type materials: effects of impurities on conduction, majority and minority characters;
PN junction in a semiconductor, development of a potential across a PN junction in unbiased,
forward biased and reverse biased conditions;
Diode parameters: peak inverse voltage, maximum forward current, temperature, frequency,
leakage current, power dissipation;
Operation and function of diodes in the following circuits: clippers, clampers, full and half wave
rectifiers, bridge rectifiers, voltage doublers and triplers;
Detailed operation and characteristics of the following devices: silicon controlled rectifier (thyristor),
light emitting diode, Schottky diode, photo conductive diode, varactor diode, varistor, rectifier diodes,
Zener diode.

4.1.2 - Transistors
(a) Transistor symbols;
Component description and orientation;
Transistor characteristics and properties.
(b) Construction and operation of PNP and NPN transistors;
Base, collector and emitter configurations;
Testing of transistors;
Basic appreciation of other transistor types and their uses;
Application of transistors: classes of amplifier (A, B, C);
Simple circuits including: bias, decoupling, feedback and stabilization;
Multistage circuit principles: cascades,

4.1.3 - Integrated Circuits

(a) Description and operation of logic circuits and linear circuits/operational amplifiers;
(b) Description and operation of logic circuits and linear circuits;
Introduction to operation and function of an operational amplifier used as: integrator, differentiator,
voltage follower, comparator;
Operation and amplifier stages connecting methods: resistive capacitive, inductive (transformer),
inductive resistive (IR), direct;
Advantages and disadvantages of positive and negative feedback.

iv Module 04 - Electronics Fundamentals

 Cat. Cat. Page
A B No.

Sub-Module 02- Printed Circuit Boards 1 2 2.1

Description and use of printed circuit boards. to
2.3
Sub-Module 03-Servomechanisms 1 2 3.1
(a) Understanding of the following terms: Open and closed loop systems, feedback, to
follow up, analogue transducers; 3.14
Principles of operation and use of the following synchro system components/features: resolvers,
differential, control and torque, transformers, inductance and capacitance transmitters.
(b) Understanding of the following terms: Open and closed loop, follow up, servomechanism, analogue,
transducer, null, damping, feedback, deadband;
Construction operation and use of the following synchro system components: resolvers, differential,
control and torque, E and I transformers, inductance transmitters, capacitance transmitters,
synchronous transmitters;
Servomechanism defects, reversal of synchro leads, hunting.

Module 04 - Electronics Fundamentals v

 Knowledge Level Information

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

A familiarization with the A general knowledge of the A detailed knowledge of the
principal elements of the theoretical and practical aspects theoretical and practical aspects
subject. of the subject and an ability to of the subject and a capacity to
apply that knowledge. combine and apply the separate
elements of knowledge in a
Objectives: logical and comprehensive
(a) The applicant should be Objectives: manner.
familiar with the basic elements (a) The applicant should be able
of the subject. to understand the theoretical
fundamentals of the subject. Objectives:
(b) The applicant should be able
to give a simple description of (b) The applicant should be able (a) The applicant should know
the whole subject, using to give a general description of the theory of the subject and
common words and examples. the subject using, as interrelationships with other
appropriate, typical examples. subjects.
(c) The applicant should be able
to use typical terms. (c) The applicant should be able (b) The applicant should be able
to use mathematical formula in to give a detailed description of
conjunction with physical laws the subject using theoretical
describing the subject. fundamentals and specific
examples.
(d) The applicant should be able
to read and understand (c) The applicant should
sketches, drawings and understand and be able to use
schematics describing the mathematical formula related
subject. to the subject.
(e) The applicant should be able (d) The applicant should be able
to apply his knowledge in a to read, understand and prepare
practical manner using detailed sketches, simple drawings and
procedures. schematics describing the
subject.
(e) The applicant should be able
to apply his knowledge in a
practical manner using
manufacturer's instructions.
(f) The applicant should be able
to interpret results from various
sources and measurements and
apply corrective action where
appropriate.

vi Module 04 - Electronics Fundamentals

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