The materials around you are changing in
size, shape, and structure, releasing or
absorbing energy, and creating new
substances. In chemistry, most changes are
divided into two categories: physical
changes and chemical changes.
• Chemical changes occur when the particles of two or
more substances are re-arrange to form a new
substance.
• It can cause a substance to change into an entirely new
substance with new chemical formula.
• It indicates change in color, produce an odor, create a
sound, release gases, or produce light.
• Chemical changes usually cannot be undone.
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6 H CaCO3
• A physical change is something that changes the
physical properties of a substance – as size,
shape or form.
• It only changes the appearance of the substance
and does not affect the chemical properties.
• Physical changes do not form a new substance.
• The process of changing from one physical
condition to another
During a phase change heat energy is either
absorbed or released.
Heat energy is released as Heat energy is absorbed as
molecules slow down and molecules speed up and
move closer together expand
• When a solid absorbs enough energy to
overcome the force holding its particles
together
• The melting point of the solid is achieved at
this point and the solid melts
• If you add more heat, the liquid particles will move
faster and farther apart. Boiling point is attained
at this stage
• The temperature at which vapor pressure rises to
the point that bubbles form inside the liquid's
body and evaporation occurs is known as the
boiling point
• A change from liquid to gas
• As liquid absorbs energy when heated, the
particles of the liquid become more
separated.
• Particles will have less attraction, allowing
them to move more freely
• Is the change of gas into liquid
• As gas loses heat. the particles press on
each other and roll over forming a liquid.
• Further cooling of the liquid causes freezing
or solidification.
• This process allows the particles to get
closer and have a rigid position, the
particles can no longer freely.
• Freezing point is where liquid solidifies
• Change that occurs from solid to gas,
without going to the liquid state.
• Is a reverse reaction in which a gas converts
directly to a solid state without passing
through the liquid state.
There are six changes of phase that substances go
through:
a. Melting: solid to liquid.
b. Evaporation: liquid to gas.
c. Condensation: gas to liquid.
d. Freezing: liquid to solid.
e. Sublimation: solid to gas.
f. Deposition: gas to solid.
