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5/14/24, 8:03 AM while loop in C - GeeksforGeeks
while loop in C
Last Updated : 07 May, 2023
The while Loop is an entry-controlled loop in C programming language. This loop can be used
to iterate a part of code while the given condition remains true.
Syntax
The while loop syntax is as follows:
while (test expression)
{
// body consisting of multiple statements
Example
The below example shows how to use a while loop in a C program
Cc
// C program to demonstrate while loop
#include
int main()
{
// Initialization of loop variable
int i = 05
// setting test expression as (i < 5), means the loop
7/ will execute till i is less than 5
while (i <5) {
// loop statements
printf ("GeeksforGeeks\n");
// updating the loop variable
iets
+
return @;
hntps:nww.geekstorgecks orgicawhileloop/7eef=bp 18 5/14/24, 8:03 AM while loop in C - GeeksforGeeks
Output
GeeksforGeeks
GeeksforGeeks
GeeksforGeeks
GeeksforGeeks
GeeksforGeeks
while Loop Structure
The while loop works by following a very structured top-down approach that can be divided into
the following parts:
LT
is not part of while loop syntax but it is essential when we are using some variable in the test
alization: In this step, we initialize the loop variable to some initial value. Initialization
expression
2. Conditional Statement: This is one of the most crucial steps as it decides whether the block
in the while loop code will execute. The while loop body will be executed if and only the test
condition defined in the conditional statement is true.
hntps:inww.geekstorgecks orgicanhiteloopi7eef=Ibp 218 sare, 503 aM vii loo in C= GeestorGeoks
3. Body: It is the actual set of statements that will be executed till the specified condition is true.
It is generally enclosed inside { } braces.
4. Updation: It is an expression that updates the value of the loop variable in each iteration. It
is also not part of the syntax but we have to define it explicitly in the body of the loop.
Flowchart of while loop in C
While loop
Start
Test
Condition?
False
Execute loop body
While loop ends
Working of while Loop
We can understand the working of the while loop by looking at the above flowchart:
hntps:inww.geekstorgecks orgicanhiteloopi7eef=Ibp 38 5/14/24, 8:03 AM while loop in C - GeeksforGeeks
1. STEP 1: When the program first comes to the loop, the test condition will be evaluated.
2. STEP 2A: If the test condition is false, the body of the loop will be skipped program will
continue.
3. STEP 2B: If the expression evaluates to true, the body of the loop will be executed.
4, STEP 3: Afier executing the body, the program control will go to STEP 1. This process will
continue till the test expression is true.
Infinite while loop
An infinite while loop is created when the given condition is always true. It is encountered by
programmers in when:
+ The test condition is incorrect.
+ Updation statement not present.
Example
// © program to demonstrate an infinite while loop
#include
int main()
{
// Initialization
int gfgl = 1;
int gfg2 = 1;
// ‘gfgi' is the Check/Test statement, which means that
// the while loop will iterate till the conditions
// satiate
while (gfgi < 10) ¢
// *efg2' is the body statements
efg2 = gfg2 + 15
printf("GeeksforGeeks to Infinity");
+
// Return statement to tell that everything executed
hntps:nww-geekstorgecks orgic-nhiteloop/7eef=bp 48 sr1424, 803M ile loop in C- GecktorGacks
// safely
return @;
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