STUDENT PROFILE
NAME OF THE STUDENT : PRIYA PATRA
COURSE : M.Sc. (N) 1st YEAR
TOPIC : LEUKEMIA
GROUP : B.Sc (N)2nd YEAR
NO. OF THE STUDENTS : 100
VENUE : B.Sc (N)2nd YEAR CLASS ROOM
DATE :
TIME :
DURATION : 1 HOUR
METHOD OF TEACHING : LECTURE CUM DISCUSSION :
A.V- AIDS : PPT, BLACK BOARD,CHART, LEAFLETS,HANDOUTS
NAME OF SUPERVISOR : Mrs.RAMYA PRIYA MAM
LECTURER
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
YASHODA COLLEGE OF NURSING
SAROORNAGAR
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OBJECTIVES
GENERAL OBJECTIVES - At the end of the lesson plan students will be able to gain depth knowledge regarding leukemia.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES - The students will be able to –
define leukemia
list the etiology of leukemia
enlist the classification of leukemia
list the clinical manifestations of leukemia
enlist the diagnostic evaluations of leukemia
discuss the management of leukemia
explain the nursing management of leukemia
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SL TIME SPECIFIC CONTENTS TEACHING A.V. AIDS EVALUATION
NO OBJECTIVE METHOD
LEUKEMIA
1. 3 Min Introduce the topic INTRODUCTION : Lecture cum Black Asking questions
discussion board
The word Leukemia is derived from the Greek
word leukos which means ‘white’ and aima
which means ‘blood’. Leukemia is the
production of abnormal white blood cells from
bone marrow and lymphatic tissues.
Lecture cum Asking questions
DEFINITION :
2. 3 Min Define Leukemia discussion Ppt
Leukemia is a cancer of blood forming
cells in the bone marrow.
- Javeed Ansari
Leukemia is a group of malignant
disorders affecting the blood and blood
forming tissues of the bone
marrow,lymph system and spleen.
- Brunner and suddharth
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List the etiology ETIOLOGY OF LEUKEMIA :
3. 8 Min Lecture cum Chart Clearing doubts
of leukemia The exact cause is still unknown discussion
The risk factors include,
o Radiation : People who are exposed to
very high levels of radiation are much
. more likely than others to get acute
myeloid leukemia.
o Smoking : Potential leukemia causing
chemicals in tobacco smoke include
benzene and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons. These carcinogens are
absorbed by the lungs and are spread
through blood stream thus increases risk
of leukemia
o Down syndrome and certain other
inherited diseases : Abnormal
chromosomes increases risk for
leukemia. Down syndrome and certain
other inherited diseases increase the risk
of developing acute leukemia.
o Chemotherapeutic agents : Certain
types of cancer fighting drugs can cause
leukemia such as alkylating agents
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o Viruses : People with HTLV-1 (Human
T-cell leukemia virus type 1 )infections
are at increased risk of getting leukemia
o Immunologic deficiencies : Defective
immunosurveillance is a major factor in
the risk of developing cancer.
4. 10 Min Enlist the Lecture cum Leaflet Clearing doubts
CLASSIFICATION OF LEUKEMIA
classification of discussion
leukemia Leukemia is clinically and pathologically
subdivided into a variety of large groups. The
first division is between its acute and chronic
forms.
1. Acute leukemia: It is the most common
form of leukemia in children. Acute
leukemia is characterized by the rapid
increase of immature blood cells. This
makes the bone marrow unable to
produce healthy blood cells. Immediate
treatment is required to avoid rapid
progression.
2. Chronic leukemia: It involve more
mature forms of WBC and the disease
onset is more gradual. The cells are
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produced at a higher rate than the
normal, resulting in many abnormal
white cells in the blood. It mostly occurs
among old people.
Lecture cum Leaflet Asking questions
discussion
BASED ON THE TYPES OF WBC
Acute Lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) -
This is the most common type of
leukemia in children. This disease also
affects adults those ages 65 and older. In
acute lymphocytic leukemia immature
lymphocytes proliferate in the bone
marrow.
Chromic Lymphocytic Leukemia
(CLL) -This is the most common among
adultsand seen between 50-70 years of
age.It is characterized by the production
and accumulation of functionally
inactive but long lived small mature
appearing lymphocytes. In Chronic
Lymphocytic Leukemia the
lymphocytes infiltrate bone marrow,
spleen and liver.
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
-It is more common among adults than
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children and affects males significantly
more often than females. This is
characterized by uncontrolled
proliferation of myeloblasts ( precursor
of basophils and eosinophils).
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Ppt
(CML) - Most commonly adults are
Lecture cum Asking questions
affected between age group of 20-60
discussion
years of age. Chronic Myelogenous
Leukemia is associated with benzene
exposure and high doses of radiation. It
is caused by excessive development of
mature neoplastic granulocytes in the
bone marrow.
Asking questions
5. 7 Min List the clinical CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Lecture cum Ppt
manifestations of discussion
Reoccurrence of fever
leukemia
Frequent infections
Night sweats
Fatigue
Weight loss
Swollen lymph nodes
Purplish patches in the skin
Petechiae
Abdominal pain, discomfort
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Enlarged spleen, lymph nodes and
liver
Arthalgia
Lecture cum Ppt Clearing doubts
6. 5 Min Enlist the DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATIONS discussion
diagnostic Health History Collection
evaluations of
leukemia Physical examination
Blood tests
Bone marrow biopsy
Skin biopsy
.
Cytogenetic
Lumbar puncture
X- rays
CT Scan
MRI
USG
Lecture cum Ppt Asking questions
7. 8 Min Discuss the MANAGEMENT discussion
management of i. Chemotherapy – Chemotherapy is the
leukemia
major form of treatment for leukemia.
This drug treatment uses chemicals to
kill leukemia cells.
ii. Drug therapy –
Alkylating agents : Busulfan,
cyclophosphamide
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Anti tumor antibiotics :
doxorubicin, mitoxantrone
Corticosteroids : Prednisone,
betamenthasone
iii. Biological therapy – This therapy
works by helping immune system
recognize and attack leukemia cells. E.g-
Rituximab, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin.
iv. Targetted therapy- Targeted therapy
uses drugs that attacks the specific
vulnerabilities with in cancer cells. E.g-
Imatinib
v. Radiation theray – Radiation therapy
uses X-rays or other high energy beams
to damage the leukemia cells and to stop
their growth.
vi. Stem cell transplant – It is a procedure
to replace diseased bone marrow with
healthy bone marrow.
Lecture cum Handout Clearing doubts
NURSING MANAGEMENT
8. 12 Min Explain the discussion
nursing a. Assess the general condition of the
management of
patient
leukemia
b. Closely monitor the lab values
c. Monitor vital signs
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d. Provide psychological support
e. Instruct the patient to have a
well balanced diet
f. Explain the side effects of chemotherapy
and radiation therapy
g. Administer antibiotics
h. Maintain aseptic techniques while doing
the procedures
i. Proper isolation of the patient
j. Provide health education to the patient
Lecture cum Ppt Asking questions
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
discussion
Acute pain related to the undergoing
chemotherapy or radiation therapy
Imbalanced nutrition less than body
requirement related to inadequate
nutritional intake and anorexia.
Activity intolerance related to weakness
and imbalance between oxygen supply
and demand.
Risk for infection related to bone
marrow depression and immune system
Fluid volume deficit related to excessive
loss of fluids through vomiting, diarrhea,
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bleeding ,decreased intake of fluid.
Ineffective therapeutic regimen related
to lack of knowledge of disease process,
activity and medication.
SUMMARY:
9. 2 Min To summarize the Black
So till now we have discussed about the board
topic
definition of leukemia, etiology of leukemia,
classification of leukemia, clinical manifestation
of leukemia, diagnostic evaluations of leukemia,
management of leukemia.
10. 3 Min To conclude the CONCLUSION:
topic Ppt
Leukemia usually involves the white blood
cells. Your white blood cells are potent
infection fighters - they normally grow and
divide in an orderly way, as your body needs
them. But in people with leukemia, the bone
marrow produces an excessive amount of
abnormal white blood cells, which don't
function properly.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY –
Ppt
BRUNNER & SUDDARTH’S, ‘A Text
book of Medical Surgical Nursing’,13th
Edition, Wolters Kluwer Publishers,Page
no – 435-437
Lewis, ‘A Text book of Medical
Surgical Nursing’,2nd Edition
2015,Elsevier Publishers, Page no – 992-
994
P.K.Panwar, ‘A Text book of Medical
Surgical Nursing’,1st Edition 2019,Atibs
Publishers, Page no – 661-663
BLACK’S, ‘A Text book of Medical
Surgical Nursing’,1st Edition
2019,Elsevier Publishers, Page no –
1006-1008
JAVEED ANSARI, ‘A Text book of
Medical Surgical Nursing’,4th Edition
2015, PV Publishers, Page no – 1163-
1165
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