FILE HANDLING IN PYTHON
File Access Modes:
1) Read Only (‘r’)
2) Read and Write (‘r+’)
3) Write Only (‘w’)
4) Write and Read (‘w+’)
5) Append Only (‘a’)
6) Append and Read (‘a+’)
Opening a File:
Syntax:
File_object = open(r"File_Name","Access_Mode")
file1 = open("MyFile.txt","a")
file2 = open(r"D:\Text\MyFile2.txt","w+")
Closing a file:
Syntax:
File_object.close()
file1 = open("MyFile.txt","a")
file1.close()
Writing to a file:
1. write() :
File_object.write(str1)
2. writelines():
File_object.writelines(L) for L = [str1, str2, str3]
Reading from a file
1. read() :
File_object.read([n])
2. readline():
File_object.readline([n])
3. readlines():
File_object.readlines()
Exercise:
file1 = open("myfile.txt","w")
L = ["This is Delhi \n","This is Paris \n","This is London \n"]
file1.write("Hello \n")
file1.writelines(L)
file1.close()
file1 = open("myfile.txt","r+")
print "Output of Read function is "
print file1.read()
print
file1.seek(0)
print "Output of Readline function is "
print file1.readline()
print
file1.seek(0)
print "Output of Read(9) function is "
print file1.read(9)
print
file1.seek(0)
print "Output of Readline(9) function is "
print file1.readline(9)
file1.seek(0)
print "Output of Readlines function is "
print file1.readlines()
print
file1.close()
Output:
Output of Read function is
Hello
This is Delhi
This is Paris
This is London
Output of Readline function is
Hello
Output of Read(9) function is
Hello
Th
Output of Readline(9) function is
Hello
Output of Readlines function is
['Hello \n', 'This is Delhi \n', 'This is Paris \n', 'This is London \n']
Appending to a file
file1 = open("myfile.txt","w")
L = ["This is Delhi \n","This is Paris \n","This is London \n"]
file1.close()
file1 = open("myfile.txt","a")#append mode
file1.write("Today \n")
file1.close()
file1 = open("myfile.txt","r")
print "Output of Readlines after appending"
print file1.readlines()
print
file1.close()
file1 = open("myfile.txt","w")#write mode
file1.write("Tomorrow \n")
file1.close()
file1 = open("myfile.txt","r")
print "Output of Readlines after writing"
print file1.readlines()
print
file1.close()
Output:
Output of Readlines after appending
['This is Delhi \n', 'This is Paris \n', 'This is London \n', 'Today \n']
Output of Readlines after writing
['Tomorrow \n']
Files have the following methods:
open(): Opens a file in given access mode.
open(file_address, access_mode)
r
r+
w
w+
a
a+
read([size]):
f = open(__file__, 'r')
text = f.read(10)
print(text)
f.close()
readline([size]):
f = open(__file__, 'r')
text = f.readline(20)
print(text)
f.close()
readlines([sizehint]):
f = open(__file__, 'r')
text = f.readlines(25)
print(text)
f.close()
write(string):
f = open(__file__, 'w')
line = 'Welcome Geeks\n'
f.write(line)
f.close()
More Examples in different modes:
Reading and Writing a file:
f = open(__file__, 'r+')
lines = f.read()
f.write(lines)
f.close()
Writing and Reading a file:
f = open(__file__, 'w+')
lines = f.read()
f.write(lines)
f.close()
Appending a file
f = open(__file__, 'a')
lines = 'Welcome Geeks\n'
f.write(lines)
f.close()
Appending and reading a file
f = open(__file__, 'a+')
lines = f.read()
f.write(lines)
f.close()
writelines(sequence):
Writing a file:
f = open(__file__, 'a+')
lines = f.readlines()
f.writelines(lines)
f.close()
tell():
Telling the file object position:
f = open(__file__, 'r')
lines = f.read(10)
print(f.tell())
f.close()
seek(offset, from_where):
Setting the file object position:
f = open(__file__, 'r')
lines = f.read(10)
print(lines)
print(f.seek(2,2))
lines = f.read(10)
print(lines)
f.close()
flush():
# Clearing the internal buffer before closing the file
f = open(__file__, 'r')
lines = f.read(10)
#flush()
f.flush()
print(f.read())
f.close()
fileno():
# Getting the integer file descriptor
f = open(__file__, 'r')
print(f.fileno())
f.close()
isatty():
f = open(__file__, 'r')
print(f.isatty())
f.close()
next():
# Iterates over the file
f = open(__file__, 'r')
try:
while f.next():
print(f.next())
except:
f.close()
truncate([size]):
# Truncates the file
f = open(__file__, 'w')
f.truncate(10)
f.close()
close():
# Opening and closing a file
f = open(__file__, 'r')
#close()
f.close()
Using write along with with() function
with open(“file.txt”, “w”) as f:
f.write(“Hello World!!!”)
split() using file handling
with open(“file.text”, “r”) as file:
data = file.readlines()
for line in data:
word = line.split()
print word
Attributes:
closed
encoding
mode
name
newlines
softspace
Exercise:
f = open(__file__, 'a+')
print(f.closed)
print(f.encoding)
print(f.mode)
print(f.newlines)
print(f.softspace)
