Lesson 5
Values Development
Definition:
Values are standards by which people assess desirability, goodness, and beauty
that serve as broad guidelines for social living. A value refers to things, ideas, or
experiences that a person prizes, cherishes, or esteems. Thomas Andres identifies
three basic kinds of values, namely:
a. Idea- beliefs, opinions, or ways of saying things like religion, moral
standards, and political ideas.
b. Things- material objects, people, or places like money, friends, loved ones,
or cars.
c. Experiences- activities, events actions or happenings like playing sports,
listening to music, feelings, belief, or attitudes.
A value is something that is freely chosen from alternatives and is acted upon
which the individual celebrates as being part of his creative integration in his
development as a person.
Principles of Valuing Process
1. Choosing-Cognitive Aspect
a. Choosing freely- a choice must be made by the person with his own free
will and volition
b. Choosing from alternatives- a choice must be selected from several
options.
c. Choosing after due and reflective consideration of consequences.
2. Prizing –Affective Aspect
a. Cherishing- appreciating, treasuring, and attaching importance to one’s
choice.
b. Affirming publicly- one’s choice should be manifested in life, that such
choice should be the source of inspiration and joy.
c. Prizing- a choice to be prized must be esteemed and highly desired given
worth and significance to one’s endeavors.
After buying something from a bargain sale, reaching home make you
realize that you don’t really need what you bought, thus leaving you
frustrated and dismayed. A thing is of value if we strongly feel happy,
contented, and satisfied about it which is reason for us to consider things
reflectively and with due consideration before making a choice.
3. Acting- Behavioral Patterns
a. Acting upon it- affirming one’s choice apparent and visible through
active pursuit of its realization.
b. Affirming it publicly- the thing, idea, or experiences valued is mirrored
by the pattern of one’s life.
Individual Virtues and Good Habits of Living
The concept of man can also be seen in the light of his duties and
responsibilities and his relationship toward his Creator, his fellow human beings,
his nation, and the environment he ought to protect to assure the perpetuation of
his race. Man by nature is religious and his religiosity is the foundation of his
hope and gives meaning to all his activities. By himself, man cannot survive; he
needs to forge himself with other human beings to make life wholesome and
worthwhile. The following are distinct Filipino virtues and good habits of living:
1. Maka-Diyos
This is the development of one’s spiritual prowess and deepening of one’s
faith in God whom one’s believes in. Faith is practiced and manifested in
the day to day life activity by living in accordance with one’s belief putting
into action and test the tenets of adhered religion while accepting with
much hope and confidence the trials and challenges that come his/her way.
2. Maka-Tao
Man as the center and epitome of creation must be given preference and
attention by every human being at all times and in every activity and
human endeavor. Progress and development must center on man’s total
human enhancement, deepening of relationships, and respect of dignity
acknowledging that human beings are created equal.
3. Maka-Bayan
Patriotism and nationalism is a sign of loyalty and dependence to the
sovereignty and adherence to one’s own government. These values are
manifested by our respect and loyalty to the Filipino flag as the symbol of
our liberty and integrity as a Filipino and at the same time, develop the
spirit of nationalism evident in our preference and pride of the Filipino
products.
4. Maka-Kalikasan
The song “Kapaligiran” is a wake up call and reminder of his significance
and importance of ecological balance and our duty and responsibility to
care for Mother Nature. Man’s duty and sense of responsibility to Mother
Earth is supreme in the agenda of every development knowing that what
we do with our environment will greatly affect the next generation. The
continuous destruction of the ecology poses a dangerous threat to the
environment and eventually to the people. Experience and history reminds
us of the wrath and fury of nature when abused and misused.
Responsibility compels us to safeguard and protect nature.
Social Values
Is a complex of knowledge, attitudes, and abilities that contribute to the
development of sound moral character, a sense of community, and responding to
the social cultural aspects of life.
1. Integrity- Integrity is the sense of wholeness and self esteem. To live with
the pride and confidence in the midst of other people, knowing that all men
are created equal and are created with honor and dignity.
2. Social responsibility- This refers to the prime obligation of a person towards
others. Such responsibility is emulated in the value of “pakikisama,”
“pakikisalamuha,” ‘ pakikipagkapwa,””pakikibagay,” at “pakikiisa.”
3. Respect-refers to one’s obligation to regard other people as co-equal and
having the same dignity. Each person is endowed with dignity that flows
from the dignity of God. People are equal in the face of the Almighty
regardless of race, nationality, and status hence man should give due
accord to his/her fellow human beings.
4. Cooperativism- This is the act where people from different walks of life
unite forces, resources, talents, and ideas in the achievement of a common
goal and for the betterment of their community-thus making life easier.
5. Hospitality- This is a Filipino custom characterized by wholehearted
manifestation of generosity, kindness, and goodness in treating visitors.
6. Social Acceptance (Human Solidarity)-refers to the dedication and ability to
accept and regard a person as member of a group regardless of his
situation in life.
7. Credibility and transparency- this is a manifestation of an honest life and
trust from other people.
8. Consistency- Consistency is the ability to act, judge, and weigh things from
the same point of view regardless of the situation in making a firm and
unyielding decision.
Internalization and Integration of Values
Internalization and integration of values is an act of refocusing revitalizing,
and rekindling one’s social values. It is the process of owning living, and
actualizing social values according to their hierarchical order, importance, and
significance in the attainment of the common good. Communal value should be
given preference over personal value having deeper meaning and significance.
Internalization and integration of values is the method of making such values alive
by imbibing them and making them workable, and eventually leading them in
achievement of a deeper understanding of the self. When a value is practiced
and mirrors one’s activity and transactions, they are being internalized and
integrated.
