Model Tes TOEFL 1

1. Captain Henry,_____________ crept slowly through the underbrush.

A. being remote from the enemy,
B. attempting to not encounter the enemy,
C. trying to avoid the enemy,
D. not involving himself in the enemy,

2. Tommy was one ____________________

A. of the happy childs of his class
B. of the happiest child in the class
C. child who was the happiest of all the class
D. of the happiest children in the class

3._____________ he began to make friends more easily.

A. Having entered school in the new city, it was found that
B. After entering the new school,
C. When he had been entering the new school,
D. Upon entering into the new school,

4. It is very difficult to stop the cultivation of marijuana because _____________

A. it grows very carelessly
B. or it`s growth without attention
C. it grows well with little care
D. it doesn`t care much to grow

5. The fact that space exploration has increased dramatically in the past thirty
___________
A. is an evidence of us wanting to know more of our solar system
B. indicates that we are very eager to learn all we can about our solar system
C. how we want to learn more about the solar system
D. is pointing to evidence of our intention to know a lot more about what is called our solar
system

6. Many of the current international problems we are now facing _______________

A. linguistic incompetencies
B. are the result of misunderstandings
C. are because of not understanding themselves
D. lacks of the intelligent capabilities of understanding each other

7. [Link] is a noted chemist_____________

A. as well as an effective teacher
B. and too a very efficient teacher
C. but he teaches very good in addition
D. however he teaches very good also

8. Public television stations are different from commercial stations __________________

A. because they receive money differently and different types of shows
B. for money and program types
C. in the areas of funding and programming
D. because the former receives money and has programs differently from the latter

9. Manufacturers often sacrifice quality _______________________ –

A. for a larger profit margin
B. in place of to earn more money
C. to gain more quantities of money
D. and instead earn a bigger amount of profit

10. Automobile production in the United States ____________

A. have taken slumps and rises in recent years
B. has been rather erratic recently
C. has been erratically lately
D. are going up and down all the time

11. A major problem in the construction of new buildings _______________

A. is that windows have been eliminates while air conditioning systems have not been perfected
B. is they have eliminated windows and still don’t have good air conditioning
C. is because windows are eliminated but air conditioners don’t work good
D. is dependent on the fact that while they have eliminated windows, they are not capable to
produce efficient air conditioning systems

[Link] said that no other car could go ______________

A. so fast like his car
B. as fast like his car
C. as fast like the car of him
D. as fast as his car

13. Her grades have improved, but only ________________

A. in a small amount
B. very slightly
C. minimum
D. some

14. While attempting to reach his home before the storm,_______________

A. the bicycle of John broke down
B. it happened that John’s bike broke down
C. the storm caught John
D. John had an accident on his bicycle

15. The changes in this city have occurred _________________

A. with swiftness
B. rapidly
C. fastly
D. in rapid ways

Model Tes TOEFL 2

1. The ancestors of the horse lived ….. and were about half a meter tall.
A. years ago 60 million
B. 60 million years ago
C. ago 60 million years
D million years ago 60

2. The museum on Ellis Island, a former immigration station, contains documents and
artifacts……to four centuries of United States immigration.
A. related them
B. related
C. related that
D. be related

3. _________, particularly the oxides of sulfur, greatly increases the rate at which rust
forms.
A. The presence of air pollutants
B. Air pollutants are present
C. Because the presence of air pollutants
D. Air pollutants whose presence

4. The Sun, the Moon, and Earth have magnetic fields, and _________ evidence that the
stellar that extend through vast regions galaxies have fields of space.
A. which is
B. is
C. because
D. There is
5. The “confederation school” poets of nineteenth-century Canada were primarily nature
poets, _________ a wealth of eulogies to Canadian rural life.

and producing
B. who they produced
C. producing
D. whose production of

6. Since prehistoric people first applied natural pigments to cave walls, ______ have
painted to express themselves.
A. when artists
B. artists
C. artists who
D. that artists

[Link] 42 million bushels of oats are used annually ______ manufacture of breakfast
foods in the United States.
A. the
B. is the
C. in the
D. to

8. Any acid can, in principle, neutralize any base, although ______ between some of the
more reactive compounds.
A. side reactions can occur
B. the occurrence of side reactions can
C. can side reactions occur
D. side reactions that can occur

9. Just over two-thirds of Earth’s surface is covered by water, …… more than 98 percent of
this water is contained in the oceans.
A. with
B. which
C. and
D. resulting

10. Pleasing to look at and touch, beads come in shapes, colors, and materials …….to
handle and to sort them.
A. that almost compel one
B. one compels
C. that compel almost
D. one is almost compelled

11. In 1978 the united States National Air and Space Administration selected Sally
Ride…….the first woman astronaut.
A. who being
B. to be
C. and being
D. was

12. Adhesions are ……. formed within the body in response to inflammation or injury.
A. that thin bands of scar tissue
B. they thin bands of scar tissue when
C. thin bands of scar tissue
D. thin bands of scar tissue able to

13. The planet Neptune is about 30 times …… from the Sun as Earth is.
A. far
B. as far
C. more far
D. far that
14. Not until the 1850’s …… a few public-spirited citizens and state legislatures seek to
rescue historic buildings in the United States from destruction or alteration.
A. both
B. came
C. did
D. when

15. …… 200 bones forming the framework, or skeleton, of the human body.
A. Being over
B. There are over
C. Where over
D. Over

Model Tes TOEFL 3

[Link] musical comedy Oklahoma did much to expand the potential of the musical stage,
and it encouraged others to attempt……
A. original themes
B. to original themes
C. that were original themes
D. how original themes

[Link] its fishlike form, the whale is……and will drown if submerged too long.
A. an animal breathes air that
B. an animal that breathes air
C. an animal breathes air
D. that an animal breathes air

[Link] saguaro ,found in desert regions in the southwestern United States ,……cactus in the
world.
A. is the largest
B. the largest
C. that is the largest
E. the largest that is a

4. It is said that United Stales literature ____________ individuality and identity in the
twentieth century, after long imitation of European models.
A. was achieved
B. achieved
C. to achieve
D. achieving

5. Lucy Stone, ____________ first feminists in the United States, helped organize the
American Woman Suffrage Association in 1869.
A. the one
B. who was the
C. another
D. one of the

6. _______, including climate, mineral content, and the permanency of surface water,
wetlands may be mossy ,grassy , scrubby, or wooded.
A. Depending on many factors
B. Many factors depending on
C. Factors depending on many
D. On many factors depending

7. Duke Ellington’s orchestra, _______ his own often complex compositions, made many
innovations in jazz.
A. he played
B. playing
C. that it played
D. was playing

8. The term “ice age” refers to any of several periods of time when glaciers covered
considerably more of Earth’s surface _______.
A. as is today
B. than today is
C. than they do today
D. that today

9. From colonial times ,United States property owners agreed to tax themselves on the
theory……directly from services that the government could provide.
A. property owners benefited so that
B. why property owners benefited
C. that if property owners benefited
D. that property owners benefited

10. Helium is not flammable and, next to hydrogen, is……

A. known the lightest gas
B. lightest the known gas
C. the lightest gas known
D. the known gas lightest

11. Wild eagles that survive to adulthood are believed……from 20 to 30 years.

A. live
B. to live
C. they live
D. their living

12. Portland, ……, is located primarily on two hilly peninsulas overlooking Casco Bay and
its many island.
[Link] Maine’s largest city
B. Maine’s largest city where
C. is Maine’s largest city
D. Maine’s largest city

13. ……widely used in the chemical industry, sodium carbonate is principally consumed by
the glass industry.
A. Despite
B. Whether
C. Though
D. Except for

14. Cells, first identified by the early microscopists, began to be considered …… in the
nineteenth century.
A. them as microcosm of living organisms
B. the microcosm of living organisms
C. the microcosm of living organisms to be
D. as which ,the microcosm of living organisms

15. Like Jupiter, Saturn is a large, gaseous planet composed……of hydrogen and helium.
A. it is mostly
B. mostly
C. almost
D. both are almost
 Model Tes TOEFL 4
1. In the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, the United States developed the reusable space
shuttle ________to space cheaper and easier.
A. to make access
B. and making access
C. which made accessible
D. and made accessible.

2. Genetically, the chimpanzee is more similar to humans _______.

A. are than any other animal
B. than is any other animal
C. any other animal is
D. and any other animal is

3. _______more than 65,000 described species of protozoa, of which more than half are
fossils.
A. Being that there are
B. There being
C. Are there
D. There are

4. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 ___ nearly unanimously through the United States
Congress.
A. passed
B. in passage
C. having passed
D. passing

5. Modern skyscrapers have a steel skeleton of beams and columns ___a three-dimensional
grid.
A. forms
B. from which forming
C. and forming
D. that forms

6. The average level of United States prices grew very little from 1953 until the mid-1960’s
when ____________.
A. did inflation begin
B. inflation began
C. the beginning of inflation
D. did the beginning of inflation

7. The basis premise behind all agricultural production is _____available the riches of the
soil for human consumption.
A. to be made
B. the making
C. making is
D. to make

8. ___to the United States House of Representatives in 1791, Nathaniel Macon remained in
office until 1815.
A. Election
B. Why he was elected
C. Elected
D. Who was elected

9. ________ of classical ballet in the United States began around 1830.

A. To teach
B. Is teaching
C. It was taught
D. The teaching
10. The universe is estimated ___between 10 billion and 20 billion years old.
A. being
B. to be
C. which is
D. is

11. A situation in which an economic market is dominated by a ____ is known as a

monopoly.
A. single of a product seller
B. product single of a seller
C. seller of a product single
D. single seller of a product

12. ____ freshwater species of fish build nests of sticks, stones, or scooped-out sand..
A. As the many
B. Of the many
C. Many
D. Many of them are

13. Newspaper publishers in the united states have estimated ___________reads a

newspaper every day.
A. nearly 80 percent of the adult population who
B. it is nearly 80 percent of the adult population
C. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population who
D. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population

14. The foundation of all other branches of mathematics is arithmetic, _ science of

calculating with numbers.
A. is the
B. the
C. which the
D. because the

15. Nylon was ___the human-made fibers.

A. the first of which
B. what the first of
C. it the first of
D. the first of

Model Tes TOEFL 5

1. Fort Niagara was built by the French in 1726 on land ….the Seneca Indians.
A. They buy from
B. bought from
C. buying from
D. was bought from

2. Soil texture depends on the proportions of clay and sand particles, ……soil porosity.
A. both alter
B. which alter
C. where altered
D. although altered.

3. The writers of the realist movement embraced the notion that art should depict life…..
A. accurately and objectively
B. accuracy and objectivity
C. accurate and objective
D. accurate objectivity
4. A ratio is a comparison of …….whole or a part to another part.
A. part to the
B. a part to
C. a part to the
D. the part to the

5. The bones of the elderly are more prone to fractures and splintering …..of young people.
A. than that
B. than those
C. those than
D. that than

6. English and Scottish settlers………..Belfast as a trading post in 1613.

A. they established
B. established themselves
C. established
D. establishing

7. The formulation of economic policies necessitates meticulous consideration…..large

segments of the population.
A. because they affect
B. they are affected because
C. affect them because
D. because affecting them

8. Only…..feathered creatures inhabit the Arctic region year around.

A. fewer
B. fewer than
C. as few as
D. a few

9. Before Richard Bennet accepted the appointment as the prime minister of Canada in
1930, he…..as a lawyer.
A. had achieved a successful
B. had been achieved successfully
C. has achieved success
D. had achieved success

10. Gardeners transplant bushes and flowers by moving them from one place to …..
A. other
B. others
C. another
d. each other

11. Museums of natural history are ordinarily ……by special interest groups created for
that purpose.
A. owned and operated
B. they own and operate
C. owning and operating
D. the owner operates

12. A surge in the level of stress……….the recurrence of nightmares.

A. apparent increase
B. apparently increase
C. apparently increases
D. apparent increase

13. Each bowler ………..in each frame, unless a strike is bowled.

A. rolling the ball twice
B. the ball is rolled twice
C. rolls the ball twice
D. the ball rolls twice

14. William Hearst had five sons,……………eventually became executives in the Hearts
newspaper conglomerate.
A. all of them
B. of them all
C. all of whom
D. who of all

15. An axiomatic assumption in physics holds that all matter has kinetic
energy……….motion and mass.
A. because its
B. because of its
C. because it is
D. because of it
 Jawaban dan Pembahasan
Jawaban dan Pembahasan Model Tes TOEFL 1
1. (C) trying to avoid the enemy,
Pembahasan: sangat mudah dipahami dari pendekatan makna

2. (D) of the happiest children in the class

Pembahasan: one of the + plural nouns (children)

3. (B) After entering the new school,

Pembahasan:
A. Having entered school in the new city, it was found that –> it mengarah ke mana?
B. After entering the new school,
C. When he had been entering the new school, –> penggunaan tense yg tidak tepat
D. Upon entering into the new school, –> enter + noun

4. (C) it grows well with little care

Pembahasan:
A. it grows very carelessly –> carelessly hanya digunakan untuk animal dan people
B. or it`s growth without attention –> it’s —> its
C. it grows well with little care
D. it doesn`t care much to grow –> kata care megacu ke ‘perasaan’ yang seharusnya tidak
ditujukan ke tumbuhan marijuana

5. (B) indicates that we are very eager to learn all we can about our solar system

Pembahasan:
A. is an evidence of us wanting to know more of our solar system –> our wanting (masuk di
materi gerund)
B. indicates that we are very eager to learn all we can about our solar system
C. how we want to learn more about the solar system –> jika ini digunakan maka kalimat tidak
lengkap / tanpa verb utama
D. is pointing to evidence of our intention to know a lot more about what is called our solar
system –> terlalu bertele-tele

6. (B) are the result of misunderstandings

Pembahasan:
A. linguistic incompetencies –> kalimat yg fragmen
B. are the result of misunderstandings
C. are because of not understanding themselves –> themselves mengarah ke mana?
D. lacks of the intelligent capabilities of understanding each other –> makna tidak sesuai

7. (A) as well as an effective teacher

Pembahasan:
A. as well as an effective teacher
B. and too a very efficient teacher –> too mestinya also
C. but he teaches very good in addition –> teaches well
D. however he teaches very good also –> teaches well

8. (C) in the areas of funding and programming

Pembahasan:
A. because they receive money differently and different types of shows –> salah pemilihan kata
B. for money and program types —> salah pemilihan kata
C. in the areas of funding and programming
D. because the former receives money and has programs differently from the latter –> different
from

9. (A) for a larger profit margin

Pembahasan:
A. for a larger profit margin
B. in place of to earn more money –> of + noun
C. to gain more quantities of money –> salah makna / kalimat tidak membahas quantities of
money
D. and instead earn a bigger amount of profit –> bigger umum digunakan dalam situasi informal

10. (B) has been rather erratic recently

Pembahasan:
10. Automobile production in the United States ____________
A. have taken slumps and rises in recent years –> have (plural)
B. has been rather erratic recently
C. has been erratically lately –> been verb (linking verb) + adverb
D. are going up and down all the time –> are (plural)

11. (A) is that windows have been eliminates while air conditioning systems have not been
perfected
Pembahasan:
A. is that windows have been eliminates while air conditioning systems have not been perfected
B. is they have eliminated windows and still don’t have good air conditioning –> they mengarah
ke?
C. is because windows are eliminated but air conditioners don’t work good –> work well
D. is dependent on the fact that while they have eliminated windows, they are not capable to
produce efficient air conditioning systems –> capable + of + verb-ing

12. (D) as fast as his car

Pembahasan: equal comparison –>as … as

13. (B) very slightly

Pembahasan: improved+ adverb (very slightly)

14. (D) John had an accident on his bicycle

Pembahasan: Reduction in adverbial clause –> while John was attempting to reach his home
before the storm, John had an accident on his bicycle
Prinsip: clause yang bisa di reduksi hanyalah klausa yang mempunyai subjek sama

15. (B) rapidly

Pembahasan: have occurred + adverb(rapidly)

Jawaban dan Pembahasan Model Tes TOEFL 2

1. (B) 60 million years ago
Pembahasan: the simple one: 3 years ago.

2. (B) related
Pembahasan:
artifacts related to four centuries of United States immigration.
REDUCTION IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE: artifacts (THAT ARE) related to four centuries of
United States immigration.

3. (A) The presence of air pollutants

Pembahasan: MISSING SUBJECT

4. (D) there is
Pembahasan:
3 CLAUSES
The Sun, the Moon, and Earth have magnetic fields.
There is evidence that the stellar have fields of space.
The stellar that extend through vast regions galaxies (Dependent clause: adjective clause).
5. C producing
Pembahasan:
REDUCTION IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
nature poets, producing a wealth of eulogies to Canadian rural life.
nature poets, who produced a wealth of eulogies to Canadian rural life

6. (B) artists
Pembahasan:
The sentence needs A SUBJECT

7. (C) in the
Pembahasan:
SUBJECT: About 42 million bushels of oats
VERB: are used
ADVERB: annually
ADVERB: in the manufacture of breakfast foods in the United States.

8. (A) side reactions can occur

Pembahasan:
The sentence requires a SUBJECT + VERB

9. (C) and
Pembahasan:
2 clauses NEEDS a connector.

10. (A) that almost compel one

Pembahasan:
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

11. (B) to be
Pembahasan:
INFINITIVE VS Gerund

12. (C) thin bands of scar tissue

Pembahasan:
MISSING COMPLEMENT

13. (B) as far

Pembahasan:
as + adjective/adverb + as

14. (C) did

Pembahasan:
Inversion

15. (B) There are over

Pembahsan:
The sentence requires a SUBJECT + VERB
 Jawaban dan Pembahasan Model Tes TOEFL 3
1. (A) original themes
Pembahasan:
attempt (T) + Noun
Attempt (transitive verb)
Attempt + to infinitive

2. (B) an animal that breathes air achieved

Pembahasan:
Adjective Clause

3. (A) is the largest

Pembahasan:
Superlative Degree

4. (B) achieved
Pembahasan:
Subject + Verb (Sentences with Multiple Clause -Noun Clause)

5. (D) one of the

Pembahasan:
one of the + plural nouns / Appositive

6. (A) Depending on many factors

Pembahasan:
Sentences with one clause -Subject + Verb
Yang menjadi subject adalah gerund dan verb adalah may be

7. (B) Playing
Pembahasan:
Present Participle (Adjective) / Reduction in Adjective Clause

8. (C) than they do today

Pembahasan:
Comparative degree

9. (D) that property owners benefited

Pembahasan:
Adjective Clause

10. (C) the lightest gas known

Pembahasan:
Superlative & Past participle

11. (B) to live

Pembahasan:
Sentences with multiple clause / verb + to invinitive

12. (D) Maine’s largest city

Pembahasan:
Appositive

13. (C) Though

Pembahasan:
Reduction in adverbial clause

14. (B) the microcosm of living organisms

Pembahasan:
Consider + noun + noun/adjective
Contoh lain:
I consider you an excellent student. –> an excellent student (noun)
I consider you intelligent. –> intelligent (adjective)

15. (B) mostly

Pembahasan:
composed + mostly of

Jawaban dan Pembahasan Model Tes TOEFL 4

1. (A) to make access

Pembahasan:
to Infinitive

2. (B) than is any other animal

Pembahasan:
Comparative Degree

3. (D) There are

Pembahasan:
There are (Subject di belakang verb)

4. (A) passed
Pembahasan:
Kehilangan verb

5. (D) that forms

Pembahasan:
Adjective Clause

6. (B) inflation began

Pembahasan:
Adverb clause –> kehilangan subject & verb

7. (D) to make
Pembahasan:
to infinitive –> be (is, are, am, was, were) + to inf.

8. (C) Elected
Pembahasan:
Past Participle / Reduction in Adjective Clause

9. (D) The teaching

Pembahasan:
Kehilangan Subject. Ingat Noun + of + Noun

10. (B) to be
Pembahasan:
to infintive

11. (D) single seller of a product

Pembahasan:
Adjective (single) + Noun(seller) —> Noun + of + Noun

12. (C) Many

Pembahasan:
Butuh pelengkap subject
13. (D) that nearly 80 percent of the adult population
Pembahasan:
Noun Clause kehilangan subject

14. (B) the

Pembahasan:
Appositive

15. (D) the first of

Pembahasan:
butuh complement … B dan C sudah pasti salah karena kalimat di atas telah memiliki Subject
dan Verb (lengkap u/ 1 clause).

Jawaban dan Pembahasan Model TOEFL 5

1. (B) bought from
Pembahasan:
Past participle

2. (B) which alte

Pembahasan:
adjective clause

3. (A) accurately and objectively

Pembahasan:
Verb + adverb

4. (C) a part to the

Pembahasan:
________ or _______ [parallel structure
a part to … OR a part to ….

5. (B) than those

Pembahasan:
Comparative degree
those —> the bones

6. (C) established
Pembahasan:
Butuh verb

7. (A) a. because they affect

Pembahasan:
SV CSV – Adverb(ial) clause

8. (B) a few
Pembahasan:
Butuh pelengkap subject: ‘Only a few feathered creatures’

9. (D) had achieved success

Pembahasan:
CSV SV –> Adverb(ial) clause
10. (C) another
Pembahasan:
to another [place] – dari satu tempat ke tempat lainnya

11. a. owned and operated

Pembahasan:
be + verb 3 [passive voice]

12. (C) apparently increases

Pembahasan:
Butuh verb

13. (C) rolls the ball twice

Pembahasan:
SV CSV —> adverb clause

14. (C) all of whom

Pembahasan:
Adjective clause
William Hearst had five sons. All the/his sons eventually became
executives in the Hearts newspaper conglomerate. [jika menggunakan
titik, `all of the/his son` tidak perlu diganti dengan `whom`]

15. (B) because of its

Pembahasan:
because + subject & verb
because of + noun
Because: connector
Because of: preposition