Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
More about Basic Properties of
12
Circles Consolidation Exercise Solution
Consolidation Exercise 12E
1. DEC = DCA ( in alt. segment)
a = 25
2. ∵ CD = CE (given)
∴ CDE = CED (base s, isos. △)
In △DEC,
CDE + CED + DCE = 180 ( sum of △)
CED + CED + 40 = 180
2CED = 140
CED = 70
ACD = CED ( in alt. segment)
b = 70
3. CDF = BCF ( in alt. segment)
= 35
FDE = EFG ( in alt. segment)
= 40
CDE = CDF + FDE
c = 35 + 40
= 75
4. ACD = CDE (alt. s, AB // DE)
= 63
DEC = ACD ( in alt. segment)
d = 63
5. In △ACE,
∵ AC = AE (tangent properties)
∴ ACE = AEC (base s, isos. △)
ACE + AEC + CAE = 180 ( sum of △)
ACE + ACE + 64 = 180
2ACE = 116
ACE = 58
EFC = ACE ( in alt. segment)
e = 58
© Oxford University Press 2023 1 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
6. DCE = 90 ( in semi-circle)
In △DCE,
CDE + DCE + DEC = 180 ( sum of △)
54 + 90 + DEC = 180
DEC = 36
DCA = DEC ( in alt. segment)
f = 36
7. BCE = CDE ( in alt. segment)
=g
∵ CB = CD (given)
∴ CBE = CDE (base s, isos. △)
=g
In △BCE,
DEC = BCE + CBE (ext. of △)
80 = g + g
80 = 2g
g = 40
8. ACE = CDE ( in alt. segment)
= 28
In △EDC,
∵ DE = DC (given)
∴ DEC = DCE (base s, isos. △)
DEC + DCE + CDE = 180 ( sum of △)
DEC + DEC + 28 = 180
2DEC = 152
DEC = 76
In △ACE,
DEC = EAC + ACE (ext. of △)
76 = h + 28
h = 48
© Oxford University Press 2023 2 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
9. ECD = 90 ( in semi-circle)
ADC = ACE ( in alt. segment)
=k
In △ACD,
ACD + ADC + CAD = 180 ( sum of △)
k + 90 + k + 32 = 180
2k = 58
k = 29
10. ACD + BCD = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
ACD + 140 = 180
ACD = 40
DEC = ACD ( in alt. segment)
= 40
DEF + DEC = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
m + 40 = 180
m = 140
11. CDF = BCF ( in alt. segment)
m = 70
EFC = BCF (alt. s, AB // EF)
= 70
DFC = EFC – EFD
= 70 – 35
= 35
In △DFC,
CDF + DCF + DFC = 180 ( sum of △)
70 + n + 35 = 180
n = 75
© Oxford University Press 2023 3 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
12. ∵ ADF is the angle bisector of EFC. (given)
∴ EFA = CFA = p
ACD = CFA ( in alt. segment)
=p
EFC + ACF = 180 (int. s, AB // EF)
EFA + AFC + FCD + DCA = 180
p + p + 105 + p = 180
3p = 75
p = 25
DAC = EFD (alt. s, AB // EF)
q=p
= 25
13. DBF = DFG ( in alt. segment)
= 65
BDF = DFG (alt. s, BD // EG)
= 65
FBC = BDF ( in alt. segment)
= 65
FBC + DBF + ABD = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
65 + 65 + ABD = 180
ABD = 50
14. (a) ABE = AED ( in alt. segment)
= 35
In △ABC,
BCF = ABE + BAC (ext. of △)
76 = 35 + BAC
BAC = 41
(b) AEB = 90 ( in semi-circle)
AED + AEB + BEF = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
35 + 90 + BEF = 180
BEF = 55
In △CEF,
BCF = BEF + AFE (ext. of △)
76 = 55 + AFE
AFE = 21
© Oxford University Press 2023 4 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
15. ADE + ADC = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
ADE + 67 = 180
ADE = 113
∵ ABD = ADE = 113
∴ CE is the tangent to the circle at D. (converse of in alt. segment)
16. ∵ BC = DC (given)
∴ BDC = DBC (base s, isos. △)
= 24
ECB + EAB = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
ECB + 74 = 180
ECB = 106
In △BCD,
CDB + BCD + DBC = 180 ( sum of △)
CDB + DCE + ECB + DBC = 180
24 + DCE + 106 + 24 = 180
DCE = 26
∵ DCE EBC
∴ DC is not the tangent to the circle at C.
17. ∵ CA = CB (given)
∴ BAC = ABC (base s, isos. △)
= 70
EAB + ABC = 180 (int. s, EA // CB)
EAC + BAC + ABC = 180
EAC + 70 + 70 = 180
EAC = 40
∵ EAC = ECD = 40
∴ DC is the tangent to the circle at C. (converse of in alt. segment)
© Oxford University Press 2023 5 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
18. (a) CDA = ABD ( in alt. segment)
BAD = CDA (alt. s, AB // CE)
= ABD
In △ABD,
BAD + ABD + ADB = 180 ( sum of △)
ABD + ABD + 60 = 180
2ABD = 120
ABD = 60
(b) From (a), ABD = BAD = 60.
∴ △ABD is an equilateral triangle.
19. (a) AEC = BAF ( in alt. segment)
AEC = x
ADB = BAF ( in alt. segment)
ADB = x
(b) From (a), AEC = ADB = x.
∴ BD // CE (corr. s equal)
20. (a) In △BCD and △DCA,
BCD = DCA (common angle)
CDB = CAD ( in alt. segment)
∴ △BCD ~ △DCA (AAA)
i.e. It is true that △BCD ~ △DCA.
(b) ∵ △BCD ~ △DCA (from (a))
CB CD
∴ = (corr. sides, ~△s)
CD CA
3 cm CD
=
CD (3 + 9) cm
CD2 = 36 cm2
CD = 6 cm
© Oxford University Press 2023 6 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
21. (a) In △CED and △ACE,
DEC = ECA (alt. s, CA // DE)
ECD = CAE ( in alt. segment)
∴ △CED ~ △ACE (AAA)
∴ The required triangle is △CED.
(b) ∵ △CED ~ △ACE (from (a))
CE ED
∴ = (corr. sides, ~△s)
AC CE
CE 2 cm
=
8 cm CE
CE = 16 cm2
2
CE = 4 cm
22. A G
F
B
28
C E
D
Join AD.
BAD = BDC ( in alt. segment)
= 28
ADF = BAD (alt. s, BA // DF)
= 28
AFG = ADF ( in alt. segment)
= 28
© Oxford University Press 2023 7 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
23. A C
E
D
B 80
64
G
F
Join BF.
EBF = EFG ( in alt. segment)
= 64
In △BDF,
BDF + EBF + BFD = 180 ( sum of △)
80 + 64 + BFD = 180
BFD = 36
ABC = BFD ( in alt. segment)
= 36
24. D
83
C
E
40
35 B
F
A
Join AD.
CAD = CBD (s in the same segment)
= 40
ADE = EAF ( in alt. segment)
= 35
ADC = CDE − ADE
= 83 − 35
= 48
In △ACD,
ACD + CAD + ADC = 180 ( sum of △)
ACD + 40 + 48 = 180
ACD = 92
© Oxford University Press 2023 8 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
25. B
C E
36
47
F
71
A
D
Join AC.
DAC = FCD ( in alt. segment)
= 36
ACB = BAE ( in alt. segment)
= 47
In quadrilateral ABCD,
ABC + ADC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
ABC + 71 = 180
ABC = 109
In △ABC,
BAC + ACB + ABC = 180 ( sum of △)
BAC + 47 + 109 = 180
BAC = 24
BAD = DAC + BAC
= 36 + 24
= 60
26. (a) ABD = ADC ( in alt. segment)
= 51
BDF = ABD (alt. s, AB // DF)
= 51
ADC + ADB + BDF + FDG = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
51 + 27 + 51 + FDG = 180
FDG = 51
(b) ∵ GF = GD (tangent properties)
∴ DFG = FDG (base s, isos. △)
= 51
∵ DFG = BDF = 51
∴ BD // EG (alt. s equal)
© Oxford University Press 2023 9 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
27. C
A E
D F
B
Join CD.
FEB = ABE (alt. s, BA // FE)
= ECD (ext. , cyclic quad.)
∴ FEB = ECD
∴ FE is the tangent to the smaller circle at E. (converse of in alt. segment)
28. (a) A
C
D
130
83
B
E G
F
Join BD.
∵ BC = CD (given)
∴ CBD = CDB (base s, isos. △)
In △BCD,
BCD + CBD + CDB = 180 ( sum of △)
130 + 2CDB = 180
2CDB = 50
CDB = 25
ABC = CDB ( in alt. segment)
= 25
(b) BDF = CDF – CDB
= 83 – 25
= 58
BFE = BDF ( in alt. segment)
= 58
∵ EB = EF (tangent properties)
∴ FBE = BFE (base s, isos. △)
= 58
In △BEF,
AEG + FBE + BFE = 180 ( sum of △)
AEG + 58 + 58 = 180
AEG = 64
© Oxford University Press 2023 10 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
29. (a) G
A
F
B
84
C D E
Join DF.
∵ CB = CD (tangent properties)
∴ DBC = BDC (base s, isos. △)
In △BCD,
BCD + DBC + BDC = 180 ( sum of △)
84 + BDC + BDC = 180
2BDC = 96
BDC = 48
DFB = BDC ( in alt. segment)
∵
= 48
BD : DF = DFB : FBD (arcs prop. to s at circumference)
6 48
∴ =
7 FBD
FBD = 56
(b) EFD = FBD ( in alt. segment)
= 56
∵ ED = EF (tangent properties)
∴ EDF = EFD (base s, isos. △)
= 56
In △DEF,
DEF + EDF + EFD = 180 ( sum of △)
DEF + 56 + 56 = 180
DEF = 68
© Oxford University Press 2023 11 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
30.
B
54°
32°
F E
4° D
Join AD.
CAD = CDF ( in alt. segment)
= 54
In △CDE,
CED + DCE = CDF (ext. of △)
32 + DCE = 54
DCE = 22
ADC = 90 ( in semi-circle)
In △ACD,
CAD + ADC + ACD = 180 ( sum of △)
54 + 90 + 22 + ACE = 180
ACE = 14
BAC = ACE (alt. s, AB // EC)
= 14
© Oxford University Press 2023 12 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
31.
B
E
A
D
P Q
C
Join CE.
ACP = ABC ( in alt. segment)
= 42
CED = ACP ( in alt. segment)
= 42
In △CDE,
CED + DCE = ADE (ext. of △)
42 + DCE = 82
DCE = 40
AED = DCE ( in alt. segment)
= 40
In △ADE,
DAE + ADE + AED = 180 ( sum of △)
DAE + 82 + 40 = 180
DAE = 58
BCQ = DAE ( in alt. segment)
= 58
© Oxford University Press 2023 13 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
32. R
U
45
Q
S
75
T
P
Join QS and QT.
QSR = RQU ( in alt. segment)
= 45
QST = RST − QSR
= RST − 45
PQT = QST ( in alt. segment)
= RST − 45
In quadrilateral QRST,
RQT = 180 − RST (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
RQT
SQT = (equal chords, equal angles)
2
180 − RST
=
2
RST
= 90 −
2
In △PQS,
QPS + PQT + SQT + QST = 180 ( sum of △)
RST
75 + RST − 45 + 90 − + RST − 45 = 180
2
3RST
= 105
2
RST = 70
© Oxford University Press 2023 14 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
33. (a) In △DCB and △ACD,
DCB = ACD (common angle)
CDB = CAD ( in alt. segment)
∴ △DCB ~ △ACD (AAA)
∴ The required triangle is △DCB.
(b) Let CB = x cm.
∵ △DCB ~ △ACD (from (a))
CB CD
∴ = (corr. sides, ~△s)
CD CA
x 5
=
5 x + 10.5
2
x + 10.5x = 25
2x2 + 21x = 50
2x2 + 21x – 50 = 0
(x – 2)(2x + 25) = 0
25
x=2 or − (rejected)
2
∴ The length of CB is 2 cm.
34. (a) ∵ AB is a diameter of the circle.
∴ AB = 2r cm
In △BCD and △DCA,
BCD = DCA (common angle)
CDB = CAD ( in alt. segment)
∴ △BCD ~ △DCA (AAA)
BC DC
∴ = (corr. sides, ~△s)
DC AC
2 4
=
4 2 + 2r
4 + 4r = 16
4r = 12
r=3
© Oxford University Press 2023 15 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
(b) ∵ △BCD ~ △DCA (from (a))
BC DB
∴ = (corr. sides, ~△s)
DC AD
2 cm x cm
=
4 cm AD
AD = 2x cm
BDA = 90 ( in semi-circle)
In △ABD,
AB2 = BD2 + AD2 (Pyth. theorem)
(2 3) = x + (2x)
2 2 2
36 = x2 + 4x2
36 = 5x2
6 5
x=
5
35. (a) E
30
B C
A
Join CD.
CDA = AEB ( in alt. segment)
= 30
CBA = CDA (s in the same segment)
= 30
(b) BCD = AEB ( in alt. segment)
= 30
BAD = BCD (s in the same segment)
= 30
DAE = EBC (s in the same segment)
In △ABE,
AEB + EBA + EAB = 180 ( sum of △)
30 + (EBC + CBA) + (BAD + DAE) = 180
30 + (EBC + 30) + (30 + EBC) = 180
2EBC = 90
EBC = 45
© Oxford University Press 2023 16 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
36. (a) ABD = BDF (alt. s, AB // DF)
= 42
EBD = CED ( in alt. segment)
=θ
ABE = ABD + EBD
= 42 +
(b) ACB = EBD (alt. s, CA // EB)
=θ
In △CDE,
BCE = BDE + CED (ext. of △)
= 42 + θ
ACE + ABE = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
ACB + BCE + ABE = 180
θ + (42 + θ) + (42 + θ) = 180
3θ = 96
= 32
37. (a) D E A
F
27
78
B
G
Join AC.
ACB = BAF ( in alt. segment)
= 78
In △ACD,
CAD + ADC = ACB (ext. of △)
CAD + 27 = 78
CAD = 51
ACE = CAD (tangent properties)
= 51
In △ACE,
AEC + CAD + ACE = 180 ( sum of △)
AEC + 51 + 51 = 180
AEC = 78
© Oxford University Press 2023 17 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B
(b) ∵ BF = AF (tangent properties)
∴ ABF = BAF (base s, isos. △)
= 78
∴ ABF = AEC
∴ A, B, G and E are concyclic. (ext. = int. opp. )
∴ The claim is agreed.
38. (a) The required angle is CAB.
(b) The required angle is CAE.
(c) BAE = 60 (given)
CAE + CAB = 60
In △BCD,
BCD + CBD + CDB = 180 ( sum of △)
BCD + CAB + CAE = 180
BCD + 60 = 180
BCD = 120
© Oxford University Press 2023 18 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12E Solution
