1.

Câu trúc so sánh

 So sánh hơn → So sánh không bằng

Ví dụ: Nam sings better than me.

→ I don’t sing as well as Nam.

 Từ so sánh không bằng → So sánh hơn

Ví dụ: He doesn’t run as fast as he used to.

→ He used to run faster than he does now.

 So sánh hơn → So sánh nhất

Ví dụ: This book is more interesting than any books on the shelf.

→ This book is the most interesting book on the shelf.

 So sánh nhất → So sánh hơn

Ví dụ: She is the most beautiful girl I’ve ever seen.

→ I’ve never seen a more beautiful girl than her.

 So sánh đồng tiến

Ví dụ: He is excited about the challenging games.

The more challenging the games are, the more excited he is.

2. Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp

 Câu trực tiếp → Câu gián tiếp

Ví dụ: She said ‘‘I will come to the party’’

→ She said that she would come to the party.

3. Mệnh đề quan hệ
 Chuyển hai câu thành một câu sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ

Ví dụ: The book is interesting. I am reading it.

→ The book that I am reading is interesting.

4. Câu chủ động, câu bị động

  Câu chủ động → Câu bị động

Ví dụ: The chef prepares the delicious meal.

→ The delicious meal is prepared by the chef.

5. Câu đảo ngữ

 Câu bình thường → Câu đảo ngữ

Ví dụ: She rarely speaks in public.

→ Rarely does she speak in public.

Các cấu trúc đặc biệt khác

1. S + spend + Khoảng thời gian + Ving = It + take + (sb) + Khoảng thời gian + to + V -
Dành bao nhiêu thời gian để làm gì

Ví dụ: He spends 30 minutes finishing his daily workout.

→ It takes him 30 minutes to finish his daily workout.

2. Since, As, Because + S + V + …= Because of, Due to, As a result of + Noun/ V-ing - Các
từ, cụm từ chỉ nguyên nhân

Ví dụ: Because he had a prior commitment, he couldn't attend the meeting.

→ Because of a prior commitment, he couldn't attend the meeting.

3. Although/ Though/ Even though + S + V + …= Despite/ In spite of + Noun/ V-ing - Các

từ, cụm từ chỉ sự trái ngược (tuy nhiên)

Ví dụ: Although it was raining, they decided to go for a hike.

→ Despite the rain, they decided to go for a hike.

4. S + be + too + adj/adv + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V - Cấu trúc

quá… không thể làm gì

Ví dụ: She is too tired to continue working.

→ She is so tired that she can't continue working.

5. S + be + so + Adj. + that … = It + be + such + Noun + that - Cấu trúc quá… đến nỗi mà

Ví dụ: The movie is so interesting that I couldn't stop watching it.

→ It is such an interesting movie that I couldn't stop watching it.

6. S + be + adj = What + a/an + adj + N! = How + adj + N + be! - Cấu trúc câu cảm thán

Ví dụ: The view is beautiful.

→ What a beautiful view! / How beautiful the view is!

7. There’s no point in + Ving = It’s no good/ no use +Ving =It’ not worth + Ving - Không
đáng để làm gì

Ví dụ: There's no point in arguing with him.

→ It's no good arguing with him. / It's not worth arguing with him.

8. S + last + V2/Ved + time + ago = The last time + S + V2/Ved + was + time + ago - Cấu
trúc lần cuối cùng

Ví dụ: She visited Paris last year.

→ The last time she visited Paris was a year ago.

9. S + didn’t + V (bare) + …. until … = It was not until + … + that + … - Mãi cho đến khi

Ví dụ: She didn't realize her mistake until she received the feedback.

→ It was not until she received the feedback that she realized her mistake.

10. S + began/ started + to V/ V-ing + [thời gian] ago = S + have/has + V3/-ed hoăc been +
V-ing + since/for … - Cấu trúc Began/ Started

Ví dụ: He started working at the company three years ago.

→ He has been working at the company for three years.

11. S + should/ought to/had better + V … = It’s (high/about) time + S + V2/ed - Nên làm
gì/đã đến lúc phải làm gì

Ví dụ: You should finish your homework.

→ It's time you finished your homework.

12. Shall we + V = Let’s + V = How/What about + V-ing? = Why don’t we + V? - Các câu
đề nghị tương đồng

Ví dụ: Shall we go to the stadium?

→ Let's go to the stadium. / How about going to the stadium? / Why don't we go to the stadium?

BÀI TẬP

1. She spends two hours studying every day.

→ It ____________________.

2. Although her family expected her to choose a more traditional career path, she decided to
pursue her passion for art

→ Despite ____________________.

3. The weather is so hot that we decided to stay indoors.

→ It is ____________________.

4. There's no point in trying to fix the old computer.

→ It's no ____________________.

5. She didn't realize her mistake until she received the feedback.

→ It ____________________.

6. He ought to apologize for his behavior.

→ It's about ____________________.

7. Because the weather is bad, t

hey postponed the outdoor event.

→ Because of ____________________.

8. The music is too loud for him to concentrate.

→ The music is so ____________________.

9. What a beautiful sunset!

→ How ____________________!
 10. She last visited her hometown three years ago.

→ The ____________________.

11. She started learning Spanish three months ago.

→ She ____________________.

12. How about going to the movies?

→ Why ____________________?

13. This movie is not as exciting as that one.

→ That ____________________.

14. She said ‘‘She will meet us at the coffee shop for a quick chat.’’

→ She said ____________________.

15. The teacher praised Sarah. Sarah had the highest score in the class. (Combine two
sentences)

→ The ____________________.

16. The company developed a new software program.

→ A ____________________.

17. He rarely misses his morning jog.

→ Rarely ____________________.

18. Since she missed the train, she arrived late to the meeting.

→ Because of ____________________.

19. The suitcase is too heavy for her to lift.

→ The suitcase is so ____________________.

20. How beautiful the painting is!

→ What ____________________!

21. They visited the amusement park three months ago.

→ The last ____________________.

22. The company started expand its operations two years ago.

→ The company ____________________.

23. They spend a lot of time traveling to different countries.

→ It ____________________.

24. Even though the concert tickets were expensive, they were determined to attend the once-
in-a-lifetime performance.

→ Despite ____________________.

25. The movie is so interesting that I couldn't stop watching it.

→ It is such ____________________.

26. It's no use studying without proper materials

→ It's not worth ____________________.

27. He didn't understand the importance of time management until he missed a crucial
deadline.

→ It was not ____________________.

28. Mary told ‘‘This is the best gift I've ever received’’

→ Mary told that ____________________.

29. The construction team is building a new bridge across the river.

→ A new bridge is ____________________.

30. The book is on the shelf. I borrowed it from the library. (Combine two sentences)

→ The book that ____________________.

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1. His guitar-playing skills improved proportionally with the amount of practice he put in.

→ The ____________________.
 2. The book is so captivating that I lost track of time while reading it.

→ Such ____________________.

3. He didn't realize the importance of networking until he missed out on several career
opportunities.

→ It wasn't until ____________________.

4. He has been practicing the piano for years, and his skill has improved.

→ Having ____________________.

5. Despite his busy schedule, he still finds time for his hobbies.

→ Even with ____________________.

6. Despite the tough conditions, they managed to complete the construction project on time.

→ On time ____________________.

7. His sense of health improved in direct proportion to the effort he invested in his fitness
routine.

→ The more ____________________.

8. The issue was so complicated that he struggled to find a solution.

→ So ____________________.

9. This decision is so crucial that it will impact the entire project.

→ So ____________________.

10. It takes her a considerable amount of time to craft her artwork.

→ She ____________________.