1) Statement 1: The excreta obtained from the birds is collected and is known as
poultry manure.
Statement 2: The excreta from birds and bedding material like Rice husk, wood
shavings, sawdust, groundnut hulls and chaffed hay spread onto the floor is not
removed daily but allowed to mix with the bedding this is poultry litter.
a) Both are true
b) Both are false
c) Only statement 1 is true
d) Only statement 2 is true
2) Poultry manure consists of which of the following constituents?
a) Calcium
b) Phosphorus
c) Nitrogen
d) All the above
3) Poultry manure/litter is used as
a) Animal feed
b) Fertilizer
c) Biogas production
d) Electricity generation
e) All the above
4) Biogas is done by:
a) Bacterial hydrolysis of complex components including fat, protein, and
polysaccharides to smaller subunits.
b) Conversion of the hydrolysis products to gases (mainly methane and CO2) by
various bacteria including methanogens.
c) Both
d) Only 1
5) Feathers is used to produce
a) Thermoplastics
b) Biodiesel
c) Cotton textile
d) Nano particles
e) Root substrates
f) All of above
6) Feathers are processed at ---------------- to give livestock feed.
a) 115° to 145° C
b) 105° to 135° C
c) 95° to 105° C
d) 85° to 125° C
7) Statement 1: Offal consists of 5.3% nitrogen, 32% proteins, 54% lipids and 0.6 to
0.9 % methane production potential
Statement 2: Blood contains high protein and can be used as blood meal for
animals, fertilizers and fishing bait.
a) Both are true
b) Both are false
c) Only statement 1 is true
d) Only statement 2 is true
8) Glycine from chicken consists of glycine, hydroxyproline and ----------
a) Proline
b) Lysine
c) Hydroxylysine
d) None
9) Statement 1: Bone meal is used as dietary supplement for livestock and humans
and as an organic fertilizer.
Statement 2: Chicken fat is used to make soaps, pet food, cooking oil etc.
a) Both are true
b) Both are false
c) Only statement 1 is true
d) Only statement 2 is true
10) Egg shells majorly consist of what?
a) Magnesium
b) Calcium carbonate
c) Nitrogen
d) Phosphate
11) Uses of egg shells?
a) Food supplements for people with osteoporosis.
b) plant fertilizer or soil stabilizer
An alternative to sand to construct hollow blocks.
c) Chalk
d) All the above
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1) Poultry waste is classified into:
a) Poultry feather
b) Poultry offal
c) Poultry litter/manure
d) All
2) Chicken feathers contain upto ----% of keratin?
a) 81
b) 91
c) 51
d) 61
3) ----------- is the most abundant amino acid in chicken feathers.
a) Proline
b) Glycine
c) Serine
d) Cystine
4) Statement 1: Chicken feather fibre basically consists of α- helical and some β- sheet
conformations.
Statement 2: Hard β- sheet keratins have higher cystine content than soft α- helix
keratins
a) Both are true
b) Both are false
c) Only statement 1 is true
d) Only statement 2 is true
5) Chicken feather keratin when treated with ----------------- to get a liquid product
rich in amino acids and polypeptides, can be used as an animal feed supplement.
a) Calcium chloride
b) Calcium hydroxide
c) Calcium carbonate
d) None
6) Statement 1: Feather-degrading bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus
and Bacillus cereus have the potential to degrade feathers.
Statement 2: The production of keratinolytic protease by B. pumilus and B. cereus
are possible with feathers, but not with B. subtilis
a) Both are true
b) Both are false
c) Only statement 1 is true
d) Only statement 2 is true
7) Bacillus licheniformis is used to develop slow nitrogen releasing fertilizer from
feather.
8) Ways of managing poultry offal are:
a) Incineration
b) Rendering at 133°C for a minimum of 20 min at 3 bars.
c) Burial
d) Composting
e) All of the above
9) Statement 1: Blood and bone meal cannot produce methane rapidly.
Statement 2: Anaerobic digestion of the poultry slaughter residues appears a
promising possibility because of the high methane yield and nitrogen content of
these residues
a) Both are true
b) Both are false
c) Only statement 1 is true
d) Only statement 2 is true
10) ---------- systems can be used for waste management in poultry.
a) Reverse loop
b) Open loop
c) Closed loop
d) Double loop
11) --------- bacteria is best for composting
a) Thermophilic
b) Mesophilic
c) Both
d) None
12) Major components in biogas production?
a) CO2 and CH4
b) CO2 and N
c) CO2
d) CH4
13) Statement 1: The most effective and successful conversion of poultry litter to
energy involves the use of mass burn combustion and, in particular, step-grate
combustion systems.
Statement 2: Fluidised beds are compact and have high heat-storage and heat
transfer rates and thus allow faster ignition of low combustible waste to recover
the heat.
Statement 3: Direct combustion and incineration are recognised as efficient
options for generating renewable energy and fertiliser grade ash from litter
a) All are true
b) All are false
14) In fluidized bed combustion is devise contains three main types of fluidised beds,
a)bubbling
b) Turbulent
c) Circulating bed types
d) All of the above
15) The use of specially selected earthworm species to degrade waste is known as
vermiculture. Vermiculture has the potential to produce both humic rich vermi-
compost also known as ------------ and meat meal also known as ---------- from litter.
a) Vermicost and vermilitter
b) Vermicast and vermimeal
c) Vermicost and vermimeal
d) Vermicast and vermilitter
