Lecture 26
Prof. Anita Agrawal
BITS Pilani, Goa
▪ The try block within a try block is known as nested try block.
▪ Sometimes a situation may arise where a part of a block may cause one
error and the entire block itself may cause another error. In such cases,
exception handlers have to be nested.
▪ Each time a try statement is entered
▪ The context of that exception is pushed on the stack
▪ If an inner try statement does not have a catch handler for a particular
exception
▪ The next try statement’s catch handlers are inspected for a match
▪ This continues until one of the catch statements succeed
▪ If no catch statement matches
▪ Then, the Java run-time system will handle the exception
Aita Agrawal (CS F213) 4/17/2023 7:41 AM 2
//Main try block
try {
statement 1;
statement 2;
//try-catch block inside another try block
try {
statement 3;
statement 4;
//try-catch block inside nested try block
try {
statement 5;
statement 6;
}
catch(Exception e2) {
//Exception Message
}
}
catch(Exception e1) {
//Exception Message
}
}
//Catch of Main(parent) try block
catch(Exception e3) {
//Exception Message
Aita Agrawal (CS F213) } 4/17/2023 7:41 AM 3
▪ Java finally block is a block that is used to execute important code such as
closing connection, stream etc.
▪ finally creates a block of code that will be executed after a try /catch
block has completed and before the code following the try/catch block
▪ The finally block will execute whether or not an exception is thrown
▪ If an exception is thrown, the finally block will execute even if no catch
statement matches the exception
▪ Useful for closing file handles and freeing up any other reserved resources
▪ The finally clause is optional
▪ However, each try statement requires at least one catch or a finally block
Aita Agrawal (CS F213) 4
▪ We are only catching exceptions that are thrown by the
Java run-time system
▪ It is possible for your program to throw an exception
explicitly
▪ The throw keyword in Java is used to explicitly throw an
exception from a method or any block of code.
▪ We can throw either checked or unchecked exception.
▪ The throw keyword is mainly used to throw custom
exceptions.
▪ The general form of throw is
throw ThrowableInstance
Aita Agrawal (CS F213) 4/17/2023 7:41 AM 5
▪ ThrowableInstance must be an object of type Throwable or a
subclass of Throwable
▪ Primitive types and object of String and Object cannot be used as
exceptions.
▪ The flow of execution stops immediately after the throw statement
▪ The nearest enclosing try block is inspected to see
▪ Whether a catch statement that matches the type of exception is
available
▪ If it does, control is transferred to that statement
Aita Agrawal (CS F213) 4/17/2023 7:41 AM 6
▪ If not, then the next enclosing try statement is inspected, and so on
▪ If no matching catch is found
▪ Then the default exception handler halts the program
▪ Prints the stack trace
Aita Agrawal (CS F213) 4/17/2023 7:41 AM 7
