Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Tutorial Manual for
Environmental Sciences
Subject code: 3110007
B.E. Semester: 2
(Computer Engineering)
Directorate of Technical Education,
Gandhinagar, Gujarat
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Certificate
This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ___________________________________
Enrollment No. _______________ of B.E. Semester 2 of
____________ branch of this Institute (GTU Code: 013) has satisfactorily
completed the Tutorial work for the subject Environmental Sciences (3110007)
for the academic year even 2023-24.
Place: __________
Date: __________
Name and Sign of Faculty member
Head of the Department
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Preface
Main motto of any laboratory/practical/field work is for enhancing required skills as well as
creating ability amongst students to solve real time problem by developing relevant
competencies in psychomotor domain. By keeping in view, GTU has designed competency
focused outcome-based curriculum for engineering degree programs where sufficient
weightage is given to practical work. It shows importance of enhancement of skills amongst
the students and it pays attention to utilize every second of time allotted for practical amongst
students, instructors and faculty members to achieve relevant outcomes by performing the
experiments rather than having merely study type experiments. It is must for effective
implementation of competency focused outcome-based curriculum that every practical is
keenly designed to serve as a tool to develop and enhance relevant competency required by the
various industry among every student. These psychomotor skills are very difficult to develop
through traditional chalk and board content delivery method in the classroom. Accordingly,
this lab manual is designed to focus on the industry defined relevant outcomes, rather than old
practice of conducting practical to prove concept and theory.
The awareness on environmental matters is spreading fast and attained importance on global
scale, which has led to a better scope for a systematic study in Environmental Science. In the
last decade, a good number of undergraduate and postgraduate courses in environmental
science has come up in most of the Universities in India. In addition, the University Grants
Commission has made it mandatory in the syllabus of any basic degree course in the country.
Most of the newly begun undergraduate courses in Environmental Science have tutorial
sessions attached to it. By using this lab manual students can go through the relevant topic in
advance before the actual performance which creates an interest and students can have basic
idea prior to performance. This in turn enhances pre-determined outcomes amongst students.
Thismanual is designed to be a comprehensive reference.
Utmost care has been taken while preparing this question book however always there is
chances of improvement. Therefore, we welcome constructive suggestions for improvement
and removal of errors if any.
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Course Outcomes (COs):
CO-1Identify the types of pollution in society along with their sources
CO-2Realize the global environmental issues.
CO-3Conceptualize the principles of Green Buildings and Smart cities.
CO-4Implement the concept of recycle and reuse in all fields of engineering.
Sr.
Topics CO1 CO2 CO3 CO4
No.
1. Introduction to Environment √
2. Water Pollution √
3 Air Pollution √
4 √
Noise Pollution
5 √
Solid Waste: Generation and Management
6 √
Bio-medical Waste: Generation and Management
7 E-waste: Generation and Management √
8 Global Environmental Issues √
9 Concept of Green Building √
10 Concept of Smart Cities √
11 Concept of 4R’s √
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Index
(Progressive Assessment Sheet)
Sign.
Sr. Date of Date of Assessment OfTeache
Topics for Presentations Page No.
performance submission Marks r with
Remarks
No.
date
1. Introduction to Environment
2. Water Pollution
3 Air Pollution
4
Noise Pollution
5 Solid Waste: Generation and
Management
6 Bio-medical Waste: Generation and
Management
7
E-waste: Generation and Management
8 Global Environmental Issues
9 Concept of Green Building
10 Concept of Smart Cities
11 Concept of 4R’s
Total
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 1: INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENT
Relevant CO: CO-1
Objectives:
To make individuals aware of the issue and understand the reasons behind environmental
degradation
To encourage individuals to seek out knowledge about the environmentand all of its
components
To develop a sense of responsibility and perspective necessary for progressive actions
towards the environment
Content:
Environment and its types (biotic and abiotic), ecology, ecosystem
Components of environment-Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere
Interaction between different components of environment
Various types of Environmental pollution
Environmental degradation
Sustainable development
Principles and scope of Environmental Sciences
Impacts of technology on Environment
Environmental Education and its principles
Importance of environmental sciences for different engineering disciplines
Suggested Reference:
1. Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2. Basics of Environmental Studies by U. K. Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3. Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha
Second edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation based on content mentioned above and also include following based on
your critical thinking:
o Find out and discuss- Applications of the subject in your enrolled branch
o Goal of sustainable development and its global need
o Need for sustainable utilization of resources
o Application of theoretical knowledge into practices
Quiz based on content mentioned above
Problem solving exercise:
o Identification of any environmental problem in the college campus or hostel and
find out its probable solutions (possible topics: waste management, composting,
green cover, tree plantation site, rain water harvesting, water leakage
detectionetc.)
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
1. Understanding the task - 2
2. Quality of prepared work-2
3. Team work-2
4. Presentation-2
5. Attendance-2
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 2: WATER POLLUTION
Relevant CO: CO-1
Objectives:
To identify the sources of water pollution
To prohibit the discharge of toxic pollutants in quantities that might adversely affect the
environment.
To implement programs for the control of water pollution
Content:
Technical definition of water pollution
Indication of polluted water
Sources of water pollution
Impurities in water: Suspended, colloidal and dissolved
Water quality parameters: physical, chemical, biological
Agencies playing an important role for water pollution control
Indian standards for drinking water (IS 10500): essential and desired characteristics
Effects of water pollutants
Biomagnification, bioaccumulation
Eutrophication and its control
Oil spill effects on the marine ecosystem and environment
Control of water pollution
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content
Quiz on above content
Poster or chart preparation and presentation by students based on critical thinking:
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
o Water pollution effects on marine and human life
o Identification of natural and human-based water pollution sources.
o River and Ocean pollution and its cleanupSolutions
Case studies on various Government plans for water pollution control and abatement
Suggested Reference:
Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL3: AIR POLLUTION
Relevant CO: CO-1
Objectives: (a) To identify the sources of Air pollution.
(b) To discuss the effects of air pollution on human health,plants, animals and
materials.
(c) To classify different air pollutants.
Content:
Define air pollution and units of air pollutant measurements
Indian ambient air quality standards
Composition of air and structure of atmosphere
Sources of air pollution – natural and man-made
Classification of air pollutants
Effects of air pollutants on human beings, plants, property, climate, aesthetic beauty etc.
Factors affecting air pollution:
o Primary parameters
o Secondary parameter
o Topographical features
o Characteristics of pollutants
o Mode of release of pollutants
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content
Global and regional case studies on air pollution episodes
Poster preparation and presentation on above mentioned content
Need for renewable energy resources
Group discussion on air pollution control and management
Quiz on above content
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 4: NOISE POLLUTION
Relevant CO: CO-1
Objectives: (a) To identify the sources of noise pollution.
(b) To differentiate sound and noise.
(c) To use noise measuring instrument. (sound level meter)
Content:
Define noise and sound and unit of its measurement
Difference between sound and noise
National ambient noise standards
Working of sound level meter
Sources of noise pollution
Effects and control of noise pollution
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content
Identify the different types of sound that can effect your ability to hear
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL5: SOLID WASTE - GENERATION AND
MANAGEMENT
Relevant CO: CO-1
Objectives: (a) To reduce the quantity of solid waste disposed off on land by recovery of
materials and energy from solid waste.
(b) To reduce adverse effects of waste on human health and environment.
Content:
Different types of solid waste and its sources
Indian scenario and factors affecting generation rates of solid waste
Causes and effects of solid waste pollution
Collection methods of solid waste
Processing techniques like screening, shredding, compacting, segregation, thermal volume
reduction etc. of solid waste.
Methods commonly used for disposal of solid waste
o Composting –open windrow, mechanical and composting by trenching
o Sanitary landfilling
o Open dumping
o Incineration
o Pyrosis
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content.
Find out composition of solid waste generated in campus.
Find out solid waste generation rate for college campus.
Campaign or awareness program related to segregation at source for municipal solid
waste
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 6: BIO-MEDICAL WASTE – GENERATION
AND MANAGEMENT
Relevant CO: CO-1
Objectives: (a) Toclassify bio-medical waste.
(b) To differentiate infectious and non infectious bio-medical waste.
(c) To identify sources of bio-medical waste.
Content:
Definition of biomedical waste as per Biomedical waste (management and handling) rules,
1988
Sources of bio-medical waste.
Characterization of bio-medical waste.
Generation rate of bio-medical waste.
Bio-medical waste management. (Segregation, transportation and treatment)
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content.
Awareness program for bio-medical waste segregation at source.
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL :7 E-WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT
Relevant CO: CO-1
Objectives: (a) To classify e-waste.
(b) To understand the environmental and health impact of improper disposal of e-
waste.
(c) To identify sources of e-waste.
Content:
Define E-wase as per e-wase (management) rules, 2016
Classification or sources of e-waste
Rate of generation of e-waste
Constitute materials of e-waste (precious material, hazardous material, glass etc.)
Impact of e-waste on environment and human health
E-waste management and stake holder responsibilities
o Government role
o Manufacturer role
o Citizen role
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content.
Generation rate of e-waste (per anum) from institute
Awareness program or e-waste collection drive in the campus with collaboration with
authorized e-waste recycler.
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
4 Recent E-waste management rules
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 8: GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Topic of Presentation:
Relevant CO: CO-2
Objectives: (a) To create the awareness about global environmental problems
(b) To Impart basic knowledge about the environment and its allied problems.
(c) To develop an attitude of concern for the environment.
Content:
Causes of global environmental issues
Climate change and its global effects
Global warming due to greenhouse gases:Causes, effects and control measures
Ozone layer depletion:Causes, effects and control measures
Acid rain: Causes, effects and control measures
Carbon footprint and its types
Cleaner development mechanism (CDM) and its limitations
International steps for mitigation of global environmental issues
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content
Quiz on above content
Essay writing on any global environmental issue based on your critical thinking:
o Local, regional, national and global environmental impacts
o list out its measures and control strategies
Awareness program or awareness rally or campaign with posters
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
Page 19
Environmental Sciences (3110007)
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
Page 20
Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 9: BASIC CONCEPT OF GREEN BUILDING
Relevant CO: CO-3
Objectives: (a) To encourage and promote green building practices performance and energy
which promote the health and well-being of residents and occupant.
(b) To reduce energy use by increasing energy efficiency and conservation .
Content:
Objectives and benefits of green building
Fundamental principles of green building
Green building rating system: LEED, GRIHA, IGBC etc.
Case studies of green building projects in India
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content
Quiz on above content
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 10: SMART CITIES
Relevant CO: CO-3
Objectives: (a) To Promote economic development
(b) To Improve the quality of life by using technology that offers smart results..
Content:
Definitions of smart city
Core infra structure elements of smart city
o Water management
o Waste management
o Assured electricity supply
o E-governance and citizen services
o Energy management
o Urban mobility
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content
Quiz on above content
Group Discussion on smart cities and its case studies
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
TUTORIAL 11: CONCEPT OF 4R’S
Relevant CO: CO-4
Objectives: (a) To reduce consumption at the source.
(b) To reuse goods as much as possible to give them a longer life.
(c) To minimize waste generation, conserve resources, and protect the environment.
Content:
Waste minimization hierarchy
Principles of 4R: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover
applications of 4R’s principles
examples showing applicability of 4R for various kinds of waste
Suggested Reference:
1 Basics of Environmental Studies by Prof Dr N S Varandani ,2013 Publisher: Pearson
2 Basics of Environmental Studies by U K Khare, 2011 Published by Tata McGraw Hill
3 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha Second
edition,2013 Publisher: Universities Press (India) Private Ltd, Hyderabad.
Probable Activity during Tutorial hours (Select any one or more):
Presentation on above content
Quiz on above content
Group Discussion on smart cities and its case studies
Rubric wise marks obtained:
Rubrics 1 2 3 4 5 Total
Marks
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Environmental Sciences (3110007)
Environmental Sciences
(Subject Code: 3110007)
Tutorial Manual is prepared by:
Prof. Chetna J. Patel
Assistant Professor
Environmental Engineering Department
L. D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad
Branch Coordinator:
Prof. Minarva J. Pandya
Associate Professor
Environmental Engineering Department
L. D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad
Committee Chairman:
Dr.N. M. Bhatt
Professorof MechanicalEngineering
L.E.College, Morbi
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