SCIENCE – GRADE 7 Self- Instructional Packets (SIPacks)

WEEK 4- DAY 1

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standard:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the difference between animal
and plant cells.
B. Performance Standard:
The learners should be able to employ appropriate techniques using the
compound microscope to gather data about very small objects.
C. Learning Competency:
The learners should be able to differentiate plant and animal cells according
to presence or absence of certain organelles; and explain why the cell is
considered the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.

Specific Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
1. identify parts of plant and animal cells
2. compare plant cell and animal cell
3. appreciate the importance of the cell organelles

II. CONTENT: LESSON 4: ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References
• Teacher’s Guide pages: 75-81
• Learner’s Material pages: 102-109
• Teacher’s Manual pages:
• Textbook pages:
A. Other Learning Resources:
Anonymous (2012). The Basic Structural and Functional Unit of Life: The Cell
Creative Commons licensed. Retrieved from:
https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/an-introduction-to-nutrition/s07-01-the-basic-
structural-and-funct.html#:~:text=and%20movement)%3F-
,Basic%20structural%20and%20functional%20unit%20of%20all%20life.,from%20sever
al%20macromolecules%20bonded%20together.

IV. PROCEDURE
(ELICIT)
A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson
All organisms, big or small consist of cells. Some organisms are single-celled, composed
of only one cell. Others are multicellular, possessing many cells that work together to form an
organism. The moss plant for example, may be made up of hundreds or thousands cells. Your
body has billions of cells while very large animals like elephants have trillions.

Most cells are so small that they can only be seen using the microscope. From the
simplest to the most powerful and sophisticated microscopes, scientists were able to gather
information about cells. What you will see and learn about cells later has been revealed by
microscopes. In this module you will study plant and animal cells, their parts and functions.

(ENGAGE)
B. Establishing the purpose for the lesson
How do plant and animal cells differ?
Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic, so they contain membrane-bound organelles
like the nucleus and mitochondria. However, plant cells and animal cells do not look exactly the
same or have all of the same organelles, since they each have different needs. For example,
plant cells contain chloroplasts since they need to perform photosynthesis, but animal cells do
not.

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 SCIENCE – GRADE 7 Self- Instructional Packets (SIPacks)

ACTIVITY 1: COMPARING PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS

Note: Write your answer on a pad paper using the format provided to be submitted by your
parent to our school.

Objectives
After doing this activity, you should be able to:
1. identify parts of the cell;
2. describe plant and animal cells;
3. differentiate plant cells from animal cells;
4. construct a Venn Diagram to show parts that are common to both and parts
that are only found in either plant or animal cells.
Materials Needed
• sheet of paper
• ballpen or pencil
• Illustrations in Figures 1 and 2
Procedure
1. Study closely Figures 1 and 2. These are diagrammatic presentations of plant and animal
cells and their parts.

Figure 1. Parts of a plant cell

Figure 2. Parts of an animal cell

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Guide Questions:
Q1. Compare the shape of a plant cell with that of an animal cell as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Q2. Which cell parts are found in both cells?
Q3. Which are present only in animal cells?
Q4. Which are present only in plant cells?

Using the information you have gathered from Figures 1 and 2, construct a Venn diagram
of plant and animal cells on a sheet of paper. Label the overlapping and non-overlapping areas.

Q5. Based on your observations and study of plant and animal cells, cite differences and
similarities between them.

WEEK 4- DAY 2

C. Presenting examples/instances of the new lesson

Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Plant and animal cells have several differences and similarities. For example, animal cells
do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts but plant cells do. Animal cells are mostly round and
irregular in shape while plant cells have fixed, rectangular shapes.
Plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells, so they have several features in common,
such as the presence of a cell membrane, and cell organelles, like the nucleus, mitochondria and
endoplasmic reticulum.

Differences Similarities
• Plant and animal cells differ in shape • Both plant and animal cells have
and in some parts. Plant cells are common parts namely: the nucleus,
rectangular or angular or rigid in plasma membrane, cytoplasm, the
shape, while animal cells are rounded mitochondrion, rough and smooth
and somewhat irregular. endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body,
vacuole/vesicle, ribosomes and
• Plant cells have cell walls and
lysosome.
chloroplasts which animal cells do not
have. Animal cells have centrioles
which plant cells do not have.

D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1

Cells as Building Blocks

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A cell is the smallest unit of a living thing. A living thing, whether made of one cell (like
bacteria) or many cells (like a human), is called an organism. Thus, cells are the basic building
blocks of all organisms. There are many types of cells all grouped into one of two broad
categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. For example, both animal and plant cells are classified as
eukaryotic cells, whereas bacterial cells are classified as prokaryotic. Eukaryotic Cells are cells
that contain nucleus and organelles, and are enclosed by a plasma membrane. Prokaryotic Cells
are cells that do not have a true nucleus or membrane bound organelles.

Robert Hooke, one of the first scientists to use a light microscope, discovered the cell in
1665. In all life forms, including bacteria, plants, animals, and humans, the cell was defined as
the most basic structural and functional unit. Based on scientific observations, scientists
formulated the cell theory, which is used for all living organisms no matter how simple or complex.
The cell theory incorporates three principles:

 Cells are the most basic building units of life.

 All living things are composed of cells.
 New cells are made from preexisting cells, which divide into two.

E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #2

Cell Parts
A cell has three basic parts: the nucleus, plasma membrane and cytoplasm. The
nucleus is a part of cells which is easily seen. It is very important because it controls all the
activities of the other parts that occur within the cell. The nucleus contains materials that play a
role in heredity.
The plasma membrane encloses the cell and separates what is inside it from its
environment. It also controls what goes into and out of the cell. The plasma membrane allows
entry of materials needed by the cell and eliminates those which are not needed. It is also called
the cell membrane.
The cytoplasm consists of a jelly-like substance where all the other parts of the cell are
located. It does not however, include the area where the nucleus is located. Many different
activities of the cell occur in the cytoplasm.
You have seen that plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts that are not found in
animal cells. The cell wall is made of stiff material that forms the outermost part of plant cells. This
gives shape and protection to them. Recall in your elementary grades that plants make their own
food. Chloroplasts are important in plant cells because it is where food is made. It contains
chlorophyll which absorbs energy from the sun to make food for plants.
Vacuoles are present in both plant and animal cells. In plant cells, they are large and
usually occupy more than half of the cell space. They play a role in storing nutrients and increasing
cell size during growth. Some plant vacuoles contain poisonous substances. Vacuoles also store
water, thereby maintaining rigidity to cells and provide support for plants to stand upright. Plant
cell vacuoles are responsible for the crisp appearance of fresh vegetables. Vacuoles in animal
cells are small and are called vesicles. They serve as storage of water and food and also function
in the excretion of waste materials.
You have observed that centrioles are only found in animal cells. These have a role in
cell reproduction which you will take up in the higher grade levels.

Did you know that the cell and its parts can be compared to places and people in the
school?
Examples:
The Cell wall is compared to the school wall because it provides the school support.
The Chloroplast is like the cafeteria/canteen in a school because it is where the students in a
school get their energy.
The Cell membrane is compared to the security guards because they check who goes in and
out of the school.
The Nucleus is like the principal because she manages all the school activities.

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The Mitochondrion is like the power supply/source that generates electricity for the school.
The Golgi apparatus is like the Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) because it is where the
wastes are being sorted/segregated.

WEEK 4- DAY 3
F. Developing mastery
Let’s Study This!

What is a Cell?
What distinguishes a living organism from a lifeless object? A living organism conducts
self-sustaining biological processes. A cell is the smallest and most basic form of life.
A cell can be thought of as a mini-organism consisting of tiny organs called organelles.
The organelles are structural and functional units constructed from several macromolecules
bonded together.

Illustration showing the structures of an animal cell.

Image credit: Genome Research Limited

Function:
• Mitochondrion- converts energy in food to a form usable to the cell
• Golgi body/apparatus – sort, modify, package and distribute cell products to where
they are needed;
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) – carry proteins to different parts of the cell
• Lysosomes- contain powerful enzymes that digest food particles in the cell and
breakdown unneeded or trash materials
• Rough ER – with attached ribosomes that manufacture proteins
• Smooth ER – contains no ribosomes; makes lipids(fats)
• Ribosomes – produced in the nucleus, occurs in large numbers and can be free
floating in the cytoplasm, involved in the manufacture of protein, can be attached to
the ER.
• Nucleolus – the prominent round structure in the nucleus that produces ribosomes

(ELABORATE)
G. Finding practical applications of concepts and skills in daily living

ACTIVITY 2: CELL ORGANELLES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

Note: Write your answer on your pad paper using the format provided to be submitted by
your
A cell is like our school. Each parent
part of thetocell
our(and
school.
school) has responsibilities that must
be done and certain organelles (people or places) to do them.

Directions. Identify the function of the following parts of the cell. Then, identify which place
or office has the same function in the school. You may refer to the E part where the parts of

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the cells are compared to the school parts and people and the table below for your
answers. The first one is done for you as an example to follow.

Function Part of the school /people that has a

similar function
- Gives shape and protection to the cell - Materials Recovery Facility (MRF)
- Controls what goes in and out of the cell - School Wall
- Where all the other parts of the cell are - Principals
located - Security Guards
- Controls all the activities of the other parts - Canteen/Cafeteria
that occur within the cell - Power source/supply
- It is where food is made
- Sorts, modifies, packages and distributes cell
products

Organelle Function Part of the school/people

that has a similar function
Cell Membrane Controls what goes in and out of Security Guards
the cell
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
Cell Wall
Chloroplast

H. Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson

In this module, you learned you have learned that the cell makes up all organisms. And
that organisms can be made up of just one cell or billions of cells. You also found out about the
fundamental parts of the cell which are the nucleus, plasma membrane and cytoplasm. These
parts play very important roles in the survival of cells.
Specifically, it showed you the similarities and differences in parts of plant and animal cells
and the functions of these parts. Other than the three parts first mentioned, the mitochondrion,
rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, vacuole/vesicle, ribosomes and lysosome
are common to them. In fact, these are also present in fungi and protists which you will study in
the next module. You have observed in the illustrations that plant cells have a cell wall, and
chloroplasts which are not found in animal cells. These have something to do with the nature of
plants having tough stems and their being able to produce their own food.
On the other hand, animal cells have centrioles which are not found in plant cells. You
have seen too the rectangular shape of plant cells as compared to the more or less rounded one
in animal cells shown in the illustrations you have studied. You will know and see more of the
other shapes of plant and animal cells in the next grade levels.

WEEK 4- DAY 4
(EVALUATE)
I. Evaluating learning

Quiz #3. PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL

Note: Write your answer on a pad paper using the format provided to be submitted by your
parent to our school.
Write the letter of the correct answer on the space before each number.

_____1. Which cell feature is responsible for making proteins?

A. lysosomes C. nucleus
B. mitochondria D. ribosomes

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_____2. What is the name of the jelly-like substance that is inside the cell?
A. cytoplasm C. ectoplasm
B. cytokinesis D. lysosomes
_____3. What cell feature is responsible for powering the cell?
A. endoplasmic reticulum C. mitochondria
B. golgi apparatus D. nucleus
_____4. What is one major feature that plant cells have that animal cells do not?
A. cell wall C. lysosome
B. cell membrane D. mitochondria
_____5. Which cell feature processes proteins?
A. chloroplasts C: golgi apparatus
B. endoplasmic reticulum D. ribosomes
_____6. Which cell feature transports ribosomes?
A. endoplasmic reticulum C. mitochondria
B. golgi apparatus D. vacuole
_____7. The plant cell structure where photosynthesis takes place is called...
A. chloroplast C. nucleus
B. chlorophyll D. vacuole
_____8. What cell feature is responsible for storing water?
A. lysosome C. nucleus
B. mitochondria D. vacuole
_____9. What is the shape of animal cell?
A. circle C. rectangular
B. sphere D. rounded
_____10. How is a plant cell similar toa an animal cell?
A. Both have nuclei, chloroplast and cytoplasm.
B. Both have cell walls, nuclei and cell membranes.
C. Both have nuclei, cytoplasm and cell membranes.
D. Both have cell walls, chloroplasts and cell membranes.

WEEK 4- DAY 5

(EXTEND)
J. Additional activities for application or remediation

ACTIVITY 3. ORGANELLES IN PLANT CELL AND ANIMAL CELL

Note: Write your answer on a pad paper using the format provided to be submitted by your
parent to our school.

Direction: For the chart below, place a check in the box if the cell has the organelle.

PART PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL

Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Ribosome
Vacuole

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