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 gYyk cks y
(tu ukV~; eap 1988_ 35 feuV_ 10 dykdkjA lh-vkbZ-Vh-;w- osG iq f yl % fMjkek! lkys gesa pwfr;k le>rk gS\
vkàku ij] fnYyh esa uoacj 1988 dh lkr fnu dh vkS|ksfxd gM+rky lw=èkkj % ugha rksA
dh rS;kjh osG fy, tue us pDdktke ukVd osG O;kid izn'kZu fd,A iq f yl % fQj\
bl ,sfrgkfld gM+rky osG ckn] ml ukVd esa oqGN ifjorZu osG ckn] lw=èkkj % fQj D;k\
gYyk cksy ukVd osG :i eas fnlacj 1988 ls [ksyk x;kA) lc % fQj D;k\
ik= foHkktu iq f yl % fMjkek ,sls fd;k tkrk gS\ (gkFk fgykrk gS) ukjs
yxk osG] yky >aMs mBk osG] gkFk esa iksLVj ys osGA
1- lw=èkkj
Hkkxks ;gka ls lkyks] ugha rks lcdks gokykr esa Mky
2- iq f yl
nw a x kA
3- tks x h
lw=èkkj % (g¡lrk gS) vki ;o+Ghu ekfu, ge Mªkek gh dj jgs
4- v''kks @ et+njw 4 @ vkSjr 1
gSaA vki iwN yhft, bu yksxksa lsA vjs goynkj
5- ckck @ ik= 1 @ yhMj 1@ et+njw 1@ jkeiky
lk*c] ge lc dykdkj gSaA tu ukV~; eap osG
6- et+nwj 3 @ikjcrh
dykdkjA
7- yhMj 2 @ et+njw 2 @ xqy+ ke jlwy
lc % gka] tu ukV~; eap vki+G baVjus'kuy i+sGe!
8- yhMj 3 @ pepk
élHkh ik= iqfylokys dks le>krs gSaAé
9- yhMj 4 @ yksdy usrk @ jk?kou
iq f yl % vPNk] vPNk] rks fMjkek dj jgs FksA
10- vEek @ vkSjr 2
lc % th gkaA
iq f yl % rks djks] lkcklA ij tjk cf<+;k&lkA
é,d ik= ukjs 'kq: djrk gSA cko+Gh et+nwj yky >aMk mBk, tqywl esa
mlosG ihNs ukjs yxkrs gSaAé
lw=èkkj % rks vki ,d rji+G gks tkb,A ge vHkh 'kq: djrs gSaA
lw=èkkj % cksy etwjs gYyk cksy] gYyk cksy&gYyk cksy--- pyks HkbZ (fQj ukjk yxkrk gS] xkuk 'kq: gksrk gS)
xkuk % gj t+ksj&tq+Ye dh VDdj esa la?k"kZ gekjk ukjk gS bao+Gykc fta+nkckn] lhVw fta+nkckn---
vHkh rks ;s vaxM+kbZ gS] vkxs vkSj yM+kbZ gSA iq f yl % vks;s] vks;s] ;s D;k gks jgk gS\ fMjkek dj fMjkekA
ne gS fdruk neu esa rsjs] ns[k fy;k vkSj ns[ksaxsA ;s ukjs&okjs ugha pysaxsA
txg gS fdruh tsy esa rsjs] ns[k fy;k vkSj ns[kasxsA lw=èkkj % ij gekjs Mªkes esa rks ,slk gh gksrk gSA
é,d vfHkusrk mBdj mudk jkLrk jksdrk gSA mlosG flj ij iqfyl oSGi iq f yl % rqEgkjs fMjkes esa gksrk gksxkA gekjs bykosG esa ugha gksrkA
vkSj gkFk esa MaMk gSAé lkr fnu okyh gM+rky osG VSe ls gh l[rh osG vkMj
iq f yl % Bgjks! Bgjks! eSa dgrk gwa pqi gks tkvksA (lc pqi vk x, gSaA ,l-,p-vks- lk*c dk vkMj gS fd tks
gksrs gSaA lw=èkkj iqfyl ls cs[+kcj xkrk jgrk gSA lkyk lhVw dk uke ysrk fn[ks] QkSju gokykr esa
iqfylokyk mlosG ihNs pyrk gSA) Mky nksA ckn esa iwNks fd D;k ekaxrk gSA
vcs lquh ugha\ eSa D;k dg jgk gwaA vcs vks lw=èkkj % ij gekjs Mªkes esa rks ukjs yxkus gh iM+saxsA
Økafrdkjh] pqi gks tkA ,sls ugha ekusxkA (MaMk jlhn lc % ij gesa rks vius Mªkes esa ukjk yxkuk iM+sxk goynkj
djrk gS) D;ksa cs] ;s D;k gks jgk gS\ lk*c!
lw=èkkj % Mªkek dj jgs gSaA iq f yl % (fpYykrk gS) u] esjs bykosG esa ;s lc ugha pysxkA
uqDdM+ tue laokn tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 67
lw=èkkj % fQj\ v''kks % ij rsjh rU[kk dc c<+sxhA igys rks rw dgrk Fkk fd
iq f yl % fQj D;k\ lkr fnu dh gM+rky osG ckn oqGN irk pysxkA eq>ls
lw=èkkj % fQj ge Mªkek oSGls djsa\ vkSj bartkj ugha gksrkA
iq f yl % vcs tSls fMjkek fd;k tkrk gS] vkSj oSGls! dksbZ tks x h % ns[k v''kks] bÙkh cM+h gM+rky gqbZ gSA 13 yk[k etnwjksa
I;kj&eq g Ccr dk] vkfld&egcw c k dk [ks y us lkr fnu pDdk tke j[kk gSA ns[krh ugha] ekfyd
fn[kkvks] oqGN ukp&xkuk gks] g¡lh&etkd gksA oqGN fdÙks ?kcjk x, gSaA cl] vc la?k"kZ dks vkSj rst
;s gks] oqGN oks gksA (goynkj ,d vfHkus=h dh rji+G djus dh ckr gSA rw nsf[k;ks] vxys >VosG esa ljdkj
c<+rs gq, cksyrk gS) D;k le>s\ Hkh ?kqVus Vsd nsxhA
lw=èkkj % le> x;kA v''kks % lPph\
iq f yl % D;k\ tks x h % lPphA
lw=èkkj % vkfld&eklw d k&dk ukVd\ v''kks % bZeku ls\
iq f yl % gka A tks x h % bZeku lsA
lw=èkkj % ukjs ugha\ v''kks % [kk esjh dleA
iq f yl % ukjs ughaA tks x h % rsjh dleA
lw=èkkj % vPNk Bhd gSA tSlk vkidk gqDe] ge vkidks v''kks % ckbZ xkM\
vkf'ko+G&ek'kwo+Gkokyk gh ukVd fn[kk,axsA rks tks x h % ckbZ xkM!
lkfFk;ks] goynkj lk*c ukjksa okyk bao+Gykch ukVd iq f yl % vcs vks;s] ;s D;k gks jgk gSA lkyks] I;kj&eqgCcr osG
rks djus dh btkt+r nsrs ugha] blfy, ge vkidks ukVd esa Hkh lhVw dk ijpkj 'kq: dj fn;kA ;s lc
I;kj&eqgCcr dk ukVd fn[kkrs gSaA ugha pysxkA
élkjs ik= vkil esa ckr djrs gSaA ckx+ curs gSaA vkf'ko+G&ek'kwdk lw=èkkj % vksgks] goynkj lk*c! vki Hkh gn djrs gSaA vc
ukp&[ksy jgs gSaAé gekjk ghjks et+njw gS] lkr fnu rd lhVw osG >aMs rys
dks j l % vk esjs getksyh vk] [ksysa vka[k&fepksyh vk] bruh cgknqjh ls yM+k gS rks lhVw dk uke ugha ysxkA
xfy;ksa esa pkSckjksa esa] ckx+ksa esa cgkjksa esa--- vkSj vki fdl&fdldk eqag can djok,axs\ vkt
étksxh@ v''kks vka[k&fepksyh [ksyrs gSaAé rks gj et+nwj dh T+kqcku ij lhVw dk gh uke gSA
tks x h % eSa vkÅaa\ iq f yl % u gekjs bykosG esa ugha ysxkA
v''kks % u] uA lw=èkkj % eryc\
tks x h % eSa vkÅa\ iq f yl % eryc ;s fd gekjs bykosG osG vkfld dks vkfld
v''kks % u] uA dh rjg jguk gksxkA bèkj&mèkj dh gkaosGxk rks lkys
tks x h % eSa vkÅa\ dks gokykr esa Mky nwaxkA
v''kks % vk tk--- lw=èkkj % Bhd gS goynkj lk*c oks lhVw dk uke ugha ysxk ij
tks x h % >qXxh osG ihNs tk cSBh] Nqidj esjh egcwck] viuh ru[+okg dh ckr rks dj ldrk gS\
,--- idM+h xbZ--- iq f yl % vcs ;s vkfld gS ;k equhe] tks viuh eklwdk ls
dks j l % , idM+h xbZA ru[okg dh ckr djrk gSA blls dg fd vkfldh
v''kks % tks x h! djuh gS rks Bhd ls djs vkSj vxj ugha gksrk rks eSa
tks x h % gka] v''kks! fn[kkrk gwa fd bld oSGls fd;k tkrk gS!
v''kks % rw firkth ls dc ckr djsxk\ lw=èkkj % u] u] u] vki rdyhi+G u djsaA oks dj ysxkA dj
tks x h % cl oqGN fnu vkSj Bgj tk v''kks! yksxs u HkbZ\
v''kks % D;ks\a nks lky rks gks x, rq>s bl rjg oqGN fnu] oqGN tks x h % gka&gka] D;ksa ughaA
fnu djrs&djrsA lw=èkkj % rks Hkkb;ks&cguks] ge ukVd esa fQj FkksM+k ifjorZu
tks x h % v''kks] rw le>rh D;ksa ughaA vHkh esjh rU[kk bÙkh dj jgs gSaA ;s rks goynkj lk*c dh esgjckuh ls
de gS] rq>s j[kwaxk oSGlsA lSalj gks x;kA pyks HkbZ fQj ls 'kq: djksA
68 tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 uqDdM+ tue laokn
v''kks % tks x h! v''kks % (jksrs&jksrs] fgpfd;ksa osG chp) ;s--- ekus tksxh--- ekus
tks x h % gka v''kks! esjs ls--- ekus rqels] ekus--- vEek jh
v''kks % rw vkt firkth ls ckr djsxk u\ éviuh eka ls fyiV tkrh gS vkSj nksuksa jksus yxrh gSaAé
tks x h % gka v''kks] rq>s tcku nh gS rks t:j d:axkA ckck % vjh D;k ekus&ekus yxk j[kh gSA Bhd ls cksyA
v''kks % ns[k ?kcjkb;ks ugha! tjk MV osG ckr dfj;ks] tSls évEek ckck dk gkFk [khapdj ,d rji+G ys tkrh gSAé
dkejsM uRFkw eSustesaV ls djrs gSaA vEek % rqe Hkh gn djrs gks! [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl!
iq f yl % D;k] D;k Nksjh ;s dkejsM okejsM dgka ls vk x;k\ ckck % [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl!
v''kks % x+yrh gks xbZ] lkWjh!--- ns[k ?kcjkb;ks ugha] tjk MV vEek % gka! vkSj lquks] [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl!
osG ckr dfj;ks tSls Hkxoku jke jktk tud ls ckr ckck % [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl] [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl! (tksxh ls)
djrs FksA vPNk! rks ;s pDdj gSA rks rw esjh csVh ls 'kknh
tks x h % rw fQdj er dj] eSa rsjs firkth dks ;ksa] ;ksa viuh djuk pkgrk gS!
maxyh ij yisV ywaxkA cl rw ns[krh tk fd rsjk tksxh tks x h % th eSa] ekus ogh dgus tk jgk FkkA
fdl feêh dk cuk gSA ckck % ;s ekus&okus NksM+] vlyh ckr ij vk tk!
v''kks % ckck] ckck--- tks x h % th] eSa mls iydksa ij fcBk osG j[kwaxk] jkuh cukÅaxk]
ckck % vjh dkSu ej x;k\ D;ksa xyk QkM+ jgh gS\ iwjs VCcj ij---
v''kks % rqels dksbZ feyus vk;k gSA ckck % ;s MkykSxckth jgus ns] crk dke D;k djrk gS\
ckck % dksbZ ysunkj gksxkA dg ns] ?kj is ugha gSa! tks x h % th] iSGDVªh esa dke djrk gwaA
v''kks % ysunkj ugha gSA dksbZ vkSj gS! vEek % D;k dke djrk gS\ euStj gS\
éckck o vEek dk izos'kAé tks x h % ugha th] mlls FkksM+k uhpsA
ckck % dkSu gS\ ckck % lq i jokbtj\
év''kks b'kkjk djrh gSA ckck o vEek tksxh dh ifjØek djrs gSaAé tks x h % FkksM+k vkSj uhpsA
ckck % dkSu gS HkbZ\ eSa rks rq>s igpkurk ugha (tksxh pqi) vEek % fMikV bapkjt\
vcs D;k ckr gS\ (tksxh pqi) xwaxk gS D;k\ (tksxh tks x h % cl FkksM+k vkSj uhpsA
pqi) vcs oqGN cksysxk Hkh ;k ;ksa gh lwe&lk [kM+k ckck % bdkS V s a V \
jgs x k\ tks x h % FkksM+k vkSj uhpsA
tks x h % tksxh--- nksuksa % FkksM+k vkSj uhps\ rks D;k ooZGj gS\
ckck % tks x h\ tks x h % th] elhu eSuA
tks x h % tksxh] tksxh uke gS esjk th! ugha] ekus tksfxanj] ekus] lc % (dksjl) th elhu eSuA
ugha] ekus tksfxanj flag] ekus tksxh] tksfxanj] tksxh ckck % eq>s irk Fkk] ,sls gh x,&xqtjs ls vk,xk fj'rk gekjh
tksfxanj--- csVh osG fy,!
ckck % D;k xksHkh&pqdanj xksHkh&pqdanj yxk j[kh gSA cksy vEek % [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl!
fdl dke ls vk;k gS\ ckck % [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl!
tks x h % ugha] ekus ;wa gh] cl ,sls gh] ekus VSe ikl] ekus eSa tks x h % rks th eSa ;s fj'rk iDdk le>wa\
pyrk gwaA ckck % (twrk gkFk esa ysdj tksxh osG ihNs nkSM+rk gS) vk eSa rsjk
ckck % (fxjscku idM+ osG) vcs tkrk dgka gS\ cksy fdl fj'rk iDdk d:a! lkys] nks dkSM+h osG ooZGj] i+Gdhj
eryc ls vk;k Fkk\ eq>s rks lqljk dksbZ pksj&mpDdk dh vkSykn] lkys 562 rU[kkg ikrk gS vkSj lius
yxs ! ns[krk gS 'kknh djus osG!
év''kks t+ksj ls jksrh gSAé vEek % (twrk gkFk esa ysdj tksxh dk ihNk djrh gS) cM+k vk;k
ckck % pqi! vjh rq>s D;k gks x;k! gSa\ 'kknh djus okyk! gesa viuh fcfV;k dks thrs&th
v''kks % (jksrs&jksrs) ;s pksj ugha gSA ugha ekjuk rsjs ls 'kknh djk osG!
ckck % rw oSGls tkurh gS bls\ év''kks ihNs&ihNs Hkkxrh gSAé

uqDdM+ tue laokn tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 69

v''kks % ckck! vjh vEek jh! mls er ekjks! mls NksM+ nks! vEek % etnwj ls lknh djus dk eryc gS thrs&th ej tkukA
ckck % twrs ek:a--- v''kks % eSa mlosG cxSj ugha jg ldrhA esjh lknh tksxh ls uk
lc % 562 gqbZ rks eSa tku ns nwaxhA
ckck % FkIiM+ ek:a--- éeka jksrh gSAé
lc % 562 vEek % (ckck ls) [kqliqGl&[kqliqGl!
ckck % ykrsa ek:a--- ckck % [kqliqGl&[kqliqGlA (tksxh ls) tksxh csVk] ns[k] gesa
lc % 562 rsjs ls dksbZ nq'euh ughaA rw 'kjhi+G vkSj esgurh yM+dk
ckck % ,s l h&rS l h yxrk gSA
lc % 562 vEek % ij gesa viuh csVh osG ckjs esa Hkh rks lkspuk gS csVk!
ckck % uwu rsy dkA tks x h % eSaus lc lksp fy;k gS ekrkth! eSa chM+h] flxjsV]
lc % 562 pk;] lc NksM+ nwaxkA
ckck % Hkko crk nwaA ckck % cpius dh ckrsa er dj csVk! et+nwjis'kk vkneh
lc % 562 chM+h&pk; NksM+ nsxk rks vkB ?kaVs esgur oSGls djsxkA
tks x h % ns[kks] ns[kks gkFk er mBkukA gka! tks x h % eSa ?kj iSls Hkstus can dj nwaxkA cl esa vkuk&tkuk
ckck % t:j mBkÅaxk] lkS ckj mBkÅaxkA 562 ckj mBkÅaxkA NksM+] iSny dke ij tkÅaxkA lke dks dksbZ vkSj
tks x h % eSa crk, ns jgk gwa v''kks] jksd ys vius ckck dks] etwjh d:axkA
ugha rks [kwu ih tkÅaxk cq<+Å dk! ckck % (fp<+krk gS) rkfd eSa nks&rhu lky esa gh Hkxoku dks
ckck % lkys] rsjh ;s etky fd eq>s èkedkrk gSA eSa rq>s I;kjk gks tkÅaA
fxu&fxu osG twrs yxkÅaxk! vEek % (rat+ esa) rkfd esjh choh csok gks tk,A
v''kks % igys eq>s ekjks] ckn eas tksxh ij gkFk mBkvks! ckck % ;s lc csdkj dh ckrsa gSaA eSaus fglkc yxk osG ns[k
vEek % csVh] rw er iM+ enks± osG >xM+s esaA bèkj vk tk! fy;k gSA bl 'kgj esa gt+kj&X;kjg lkS ls de esa dksbZ
v''kks % NksM+ nks eq>sA vkSj dku [kksydj lqu yksA eSa lknh ugha jg ldrkA
d:axh rks tksxh ls] ugha rks iwjh ftanxkuh oqGaokjh vEek % vkneh rks nwj] tkuoj Hkh ugha jg ldrk!
cSBh jgwaxhA tks x h % th] oks ;wfu;uokys Hkh ;gh dgrs gSa fd ost
vEek % gk; csVh] ;s D;k dgrh gSA ,slh eugwl ckr D;wa de&ls&de 1050 rks gksuk gh pkfg,A
tcku ij ykrh gSA bl eq, 562 osG ooZGj ls lknh vEek % fcYoqGy lgh dgrs gSaA
dk [k;ky eu ls fudky nsA ckck % rks fcVqvk] dksbZ ,slh ukSdjh idM+ ftlesa 1050
ckck % fcfV;k] tjk lksp rks lghA 562 esa D;k ;s [kqn [kk,xk] feyrs gksaA fQj ge v''kks dh 'kknh rqels [kq'kh&[kq'kh
D;k rq>s f[kyk,xkA dj nsaxsA
vEek % bruh de rU[kk ikusokyk lky nks lky esa Hkxoku v''kks % ij ,slh ukSdjh feysxh dgkaA
dks I;kjk gks tk,xk fcfV;k! rw Hkjh tokuh esa csok gks tks x h % lc txg 562 gh rks feyrs gSaA
tk,xh! vEek % rks csVk] rw ekfyd ls dg&lqudj viuh rU[kk
ckck % fnYyh osG ooZGj dk D;k gky gS] rq>s ugha ekywe c<+okus dh dksf'k'k rks djA
cs V h! tks x h % vth gka] ekrkth] lkyksa us jks&jksdj nks lky esa 73
vEek % vkt ukSdjh gS] dy ugha gSA #i;s c<+k, gSa] oks Hkh bÙkh yach yM+kbZ osG cknA vHkh
ckck % vkt bl iSGDVjh esa Dykstj] dy mlesa rkykcanhA ;s lkr fnu dh gM+rky yM+h] ekfyd rks Mj osG ekjs
vEek % xanh cfLr;ksa esa clsjkA u fctyh u ikuhA c<+kus dks rS;kj Hkh gSa] ij ljdkj osG dku ij vc
ckck % vkSj xqaMs&cnek'kksa dk MsjkA rd twa Hkh ugha jsaxh gSA
vEek % jkst&jkst iqfyl dh ekj [kkukA nksuksa % rks csVk] gkFk ij gkFk èkj osG er cSBks] viuh yM+kbZ
ckck % vkSj frgkM+ tsy esa jkr fcrkukA (pqIih osG ckn) dks vkSj rst+ djksA
fcfV;k] vdy ls dke ysA ;s [k;ky NksM+ nsA tks x h % oks rks vkiosG crk, cxSj Hkh dj jgs gSaA vc rks lkjs
70 tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 uqDdM+ tue laokn
 osG lkjs etnwj lhVw osG eSacj cusaxs vkSj mldk >aMk élc ik= lykg djrs gSa vkSj ukVd fQj 'kq: gksrk gSA lhVw dk >aMk
mBkdj vkSj yach yM+kbZ yMsa+xsA mBk,] djkgrk] yaxM+krk tksxh vkrk gSAé
éiqfyl okyk vkrk gSAé tks x h % ge Hkw[k ls ejusokys] D;k ekSr ls Mjusokys
iq f yl % fQj! fQj lkyks] eSa oqGN dg ugha jgk rks rqe iSGyrs vkt+knh dk Madk ctk] mBkvks vfXu èotk---
gh tk jgs gksA cgqr gks x;k] mBkvks viuk rke&rkscM+k épkj yhMj mls ?ksjdj mlosG fxnZ ?kwers gSaAé
vkSj pyrs&fQjrs utj vkvksA pkjksa % D;ksa tksxh\ vk x, gks'k fBdkus\
lw=èkkj % goynkj lk*c] vkius ukjs yxkus] >aMs mBkus dks yhMj 1 % oSGlh yxh iqfyl dh ekj\
euk fd;k Fkk] geus mUgsa ,d rji+G j[k fn;kA vc yhMj 2 % gokykr esa BqYyksa us jksVh&oksVh Hkh nh ;k Hkw[ks&I;kls
D;k ijs'kkuh gS\ gh iM+s jgs\
iq f yl % vcs] rks eq>s D;k irk Fkk fd rqe >aMksa vkSj ukjksa osG yhMj 3 % lhVwokyksa us tsy esa pDdh Hkh filok nh cspkjs lsA
cxSj Hkh etnwjksa dks HkM+dk ldrs gksA cl] vc eSa yhMj 4 % vjs ;s fdl [ksr dh ewyh gSA tsy esa rks buosG ,e-
oqGN vkSj ugha lquuk pkgrkA rqe f[kld yks ;gka ih- rd dh BqdkbZ gks xbZA
ls A pkjksa % gk! gk! gk! gk!
lw=èkkj % vkidh [kksiM+h esa bÙkh&lh ckr D;ksa ugha vkrh fd yhMj 1 % ge rks igys Hkh rqEgsa le>krs Fks fd er iM+ks lhVwokyksa
et+nwj dh fta+nxh ij ukVd djsaxs rks pkgs >aMk mBk,a osG pDdj easA
;k u mBk,a] ukjs yxk,a ;k u yxk,a] ckr ogha ij yhMj 2 % ij u] mUgksua s rqEgsa HkjhZ nh vkSj rqe owGn iM+s lkr fnu
igqaprh gS fd thuk gS rks yM+uk gksxkA dh gM+rky esaA
lc % thuk gS rks yM+uk gksxkA yhMj 3 % ij gkFk D;k vk;k\ dn~nw\
tks x h % I;kj Hkh djuk gS rks Hkh yM+uk gksxkA yhMj 4 % vc Åij ls lkr fnu dk ost tks dVsxk lks vyxA
iq f yl % rks ,slk ukVd djus osG fy, Hkh rqEgsa eq>ls yM+uk tks x h % ost dVsxk\
gksxkA gS dksbZ tks vkxs vk,A pkjksa % vkSj ugha rks D;k! iwjs lkr fnu dk!
lw=èkkj % HkkM+ eas tkvks] ugha djrs ukVdA lkys] bejtsalh tks x h % ij oks lhVwokys rks dgrs Fks fd gM+rky djus ls
vHkh yxh ugha] ;s lSaljf'ki igys ls gh 'kq: gks xbZA 1050 ost feysxk] 2 #i;s vkadM+k egaxkbZ HkÙkk
pyks lkfFk;ks] gesa ugha djuk ukVdA feys x k!
élc lkeku mBkus tkrs gSaAé yhMj 1 % lCt+ckx+ fn[kykuk blh dks dgrs gSaA rsjs tSls
ik= 1 % #dks] ,d feuVA (lc #drs gSaA goynkj ls) vkius Hkksys&Hkkys et+nwjksa dks ykyp fn[kkdj viuk mYyw
dgk fd ukjs] yky >aMk] lhVw oxSjk dk uke ugha lhèkk fd;k gS bu lhVwokyksa usA
vkuk pkfg,A ysfdu vxj gekjk ukVd muosG yhMj 2 % vc tkosG iwN mulséD;k gqvk mu oknksa dkA BsoGs nkjh
f[+kyki+G gks rks\ [+kRe djkus pys Fkségks xbZ\
iq f yl % oSls rks ,l-,p-vks- lk*c dk vkMj gS fd lhVw dk yhMj 3 % iDosG edku fnyk jgs Fks] vkSjrksa osG fy, cky?kj
uke Hkh ugha vkuk pkfg,A ysfdu vxj rqe muosG cuok jgs Fkséfeyk oqGN\
f[kykQ ukVd djks rks gks ldrk gS esjh izkseks'ku gks yhMj 4 % vth ;s rks oqGN ughaélhèks et+nwj&fojksèkh o+Gkuwu
tk, vkSj eSa lc&baLisDVj cu tkÅa fQj baLisDVj] jí djok jgs Fks] can i+SGfDVª;ka [kqyok jgs Fks]
fQj mlosG ckn ,-lh-ih- vkSj fQj Mh-lh-ih- rks iqfyl&neu #dok jgs FksA
ge cu gh tk,axs--- (lius ns[kus yxrk gSA) pkjksa % gk&gk&gk! ;wa dgks fnYyh esa et+nwjksa osG fy, LoxZ
ik= 1 % ykBh flag lk*c] vius glhu liuksa dh nqfu;k ls cuok jgs FksA
fudydj t+jk èkjrh ij ykSV vkb,A gka] rks ge yhMj 1 % tksxh] vc Hkh oD+r gSA psr tk vkSj >kM+ ys iYyk
fQj viuk ukVd 'kq: djsaA goynkj th] ,-lh-ih- lhVwokyksa lsA
lkgc] vks Mh-lh-ih- lk*cA yhMj 2 % ge esa ls fdlh dh Hkh ;wfu;u esa vk tkA vc ge
iq f yl % (pkSaddj liuksa dh nqfu;k ls ckgj vkrk gSA) gka] gkaaA lc ,d gks x, gSaA
(cSB tkrk gS)A rks 'kq: djksA yhMj 3 % vkSj ;s Hkh eat+wj ugha rks pDdj gh NksM+ ;wfu;uckt+h

uqDdM+ tue laokn tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 71

 dkA rq>s dksbZ ijs'kkuh gqbZ rks ge gSa ghA gks rS;kj gks rS;kj---
yhMj 4 % yk ns] ;s >aMk gesa nsA bls QkM+ osG Qasd nsrs gSaA élkjs dykdkj tksxh osG ihM+s [kM+s gks x, gSaA ,d yksdy usrk vkSj
pkjksa % u jgsxk ckal] u ctsxh ckalqjhA pepk vkrs gSaAé
étksxh ls >aMk ysrs gSaA MaMk tksxh osG gkFk esa jg tkrk gSA pkjksa >aMs dks usrk % ;g oSGlk 'kksj gS\
[khaprs gSaA tksxh MaMk mBkrk gSA >aMk okil [khap ysrk gSAé iq f yl % vjs usrkth] vPNk gqvk vki vk x, (tksxh dks [khaprs
tks x h % [kcjnkj! NksM+ nks >aMs dksA xn~nkjks] ekfydksa osG gq,) ;g gjketknk budks HkM+dk jgk gSA eSaus euk
nykyks] rqEgkjh fgEer oSGls gqbZ etnwjksa osG >aMs dks fd;k rks eq>h dks vka[ksa fn[kkrk gSA
vius ukikd gkFkksa ls Nwus dh! usrk % lkys] dy rd rks geas ns[kdj dkairs FksA lkr fnu
écko+Gh dykdkj Hkh [kM+s gksrs gSaAé dh gM+rky D;k dj yh] gesa gh vka[ksa fn[kkrs gksA
lc % ,] ,] tksxh D;k djrs gksA gesa lhVw osG f[k+yki+G vkt yky >aMs ls ge gh dks èkedkrs gks\ Hkwyks er]
ukVd djuk FkkA goynkj lk*c cSBs gSaA csdkj esa rw vkt rqe bu >qfXx;ksa esa esjh o`Gik ls jg jgs gksA vxj
lcdks fiVok,xkA eSa pkgwa rks Mh-Mh-,- osG cqyMkst+j ,d feuV esa bl
tks x h % ugha] ugha d:axk eSa lhVw osG f[kykQ ukVdA lhVw cLrh dks likV dj nsaA
dh ;wfu;u esjh ;wfu;u gSA lhVw dk ;s >aMk esjk pepk % usrkth Bhd dgrs gSaA vkt ge bUgha dh cnkSyr rks
>aMk gSA eSaus ns[k fy;k gS fd lhVw gh gS tks etnwjksa ;gka ij jg jgs gSaA lhVw osG pDdj esa iM+ksxs rks ;g
osG fy, yM+rh gSA bl lkr fnu dh gM+rky esa vius >ksiM+s Hkh gkFk ls pys tk,axsA
gd osG fy,] balkuh ftanxh osG fy, yM+us dk jkLrk tks x h % vjs ;g dpjs osG fMCcs Hkh dksbZ edku gSa\
eq>s lhVw us gh fn[kk;k gSA dgka eqag dkyk dj jgs Fks écko+Gh ik= Hkh cksyuk 'kq: djrs gSaAé
;s nwljh ;wfu;uksa okys tc ge ij iqfyl dh ykfB;ka et+nwj 1 % vkSj D;k] pkjksa rjQ xanxh gh xanxh gSA
iM+ jgh FkhaA D;ksa ?kqls cSBs Fks vius fcyksa esa tc eSa et+nwj 4 % ihus osG ikuh vkSj xVj osG ikuh esa dksbZ varj ugha gSA
gokykr esa Hkw[kk&I;klk iM+k FkkA tc iqfylokys et+nwj 3 % vkèkh ls T+;knk >qfXx;ksa esa fctyh Hkh ugha gSA
vkSjrksa dks ihV jgs Fks] gekjs yhMjksa dks fxj¶rkj dj et+nwj 2 % tgka gS] ogka bu xqaMksa dks g¶+rk vkSj fctyh okyksa dks
jgs Fks rks D;k mUgsa lkai lwa?k x;k FkkA ughaA rc ;s fj'or nsuh iM+rh gSA
v[kckjksa esa c;ku tkjh djosG lhVw dks cqjk&Hkyk lw=èkkj % nwj&nwj rd dksbZ ljdkjh gLirky ugha gSA
dg jgs FksA etnwjksa dks iSGfDVª;ksa ls fudyus ls jksd tks x h % lhVw us dg fn;k gS fd bu tSlh >qfXx;ksa osG fy, ge
jgs FksA bu xíkjksa dks eSaus vPNh rjg igpku fy;k rqe&tSls xqaMksa dks g¶rk u nsaA
gSA vc esjs fy, ,d gh ;wfu;u gSélhVwA vc eSa usrk % lkyks] tc ;s >qfXx;ka lki+G gks tk,axh u] rc irk
gh lhVw gwaA eSa lhVw osG f[kykQ ,d y¶t Hkh ugha pysxkA nj&nj dh Bksdjsa [kkrs fQjksxsA fQj er
cksywaxkA goynkj rks D;k] pkgs fnYyh dh lkjh iqfyl dguk fd igys ugha crk;kA
esjh Nkrh ij lokj gks tk,éesjh tcku ls ,d gh lc % vjs tk&tkA cgqr ns[ks gSa rsjs tSlsA lkys] fQj ,sls
vkokt fudysxhélh-vkbZ-Vh-;w- ftankckn] badykc oqGN dgk rks gM~Mh&ilyh ,d dj nsaxsA
fta n kckn! éusrk] pepk vkSj iqfylokyk Hkkxrs gSa vkSj ckgj fudy tkrs gSaA cko+Gh
iq f yl % lkys] rw fQj 'kq: gks x;k\ nks&pkj ykfB;ka ek:axk vfHkusrk ukjs yxkrs gSaAé
rks gks'k fBdkus vk tk,axsA tks x h % viuh ekaxsa ys osG jgsaxsA
tks x h % ,d ugha] gtkj ykBh&MaMs cjlkvks] vkt eSa pqi lw=èkkj % gesa ljdkj dh rji+G ls iDosG edku feysaA
ugha jgwaxkA bl ns'k dk etnwj vkt pqi ugha jgsxkA et+nwj 1 % tgka owGM+k&djdV vkSj xanxh u gksA
tks etnwj tku xaokus ls ugha Mjrk oks ykBh ls D;k et+nwj 2 % tgka fctyh vkSj ikuh dk iwjk cankscLr gksA
Mjsxk\ (xkrk gS) et+nwj 3 % tgka cPpksa osG i<+us osG fy, LowGy gksa vkSj jksfx;ksa osG
ge Hkw[k ls ejus okys] D;k ekSr ls Mjus okys fy, vLirky gksaA
vkt+knh dk Madk ctk] mBkvks vfXu èotk et+nwj 4 % tgka cPpksa osG [ksyus osG fy, eSnku gksaA
oxZ;q¼ dh 'ks"k iqdkj] vkrh gS ckjackj dks j l % bu ekaxksa osG fy,] ge viuh yM+kbZ] vkSj rst+ djsaxsA

72 tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 uqDdM+ tue laokn

lw=èkkj % vkt fnYyh osG et+nwj osG lc txg ;gh rsoj gSaA ikjcrh % iM+h jgsxh ,d dksus esaA fdlh ls oqGN dgrh gS
vc oks pqipki cSBus dks rS;kj ugha gSaA i+SGfDVª;ksa esa D;k\
oks thus yk;o+G osru osG fy, yM+ jgk gS] ukSdjh pepk % ugha] ,sls oSGls gks ldrk gSA vkt ;s ykbZ gS] dy
cpkus osG fy, yM+ jgk gS] cfLr;ksa esa csgrj edkuksa lkjh mBkdj ys vk,axhA ftls cPps ikyus gksa ?kj is
osG fy, yM+ jgk gSA cS B s !
dks j l % gj txg] gj le;] balku dk thou thus osG fy, ikjcrh % rw rks cksybZ erA eqag uksp ywaxh rsjkA cM+k vk;k ?kj
yM+ jgk gSA ij fcBkus okykA rU[kk rsjk rkÅ nsxk eghus&eghus\
lw=èkkj % ;gh ugha] vc fnYyh dh efgyk et+nwjksa us Hkh la?k"kZ nwljh vkSjr % eSa Hkh vius Nksjk dks iM+kSl esa NksM+dj vkrh gwaA
dk jkLrk viuk fy;k gSA vkb,] vkidks ,slh gh lke ryd Hkw[kk iM+k jgoS fcpkjkA
,d efgyk et+nwj ls feyokrs gSaA ,d vkSjr % esjh ykSafM;k Hkh fnu&Hkj eqgYys&Hkj esa HkVdrh fQjsA
élc cSBrs gSaA cPps dks xksn esa mBk, ikjcrh vkrh gSAé ikjcrh % rqe ;wfu;u pykrs gks] bldk dksbZ bartke ugha djk
ikjcrh % vjs eSa dgrh gwa rsjh yk'k lM+s] mlesa dhM+s iM+sa] rsjh ldrs\
fprk ij oqGÙks ewrsaA gjke osG tus rq>s gStk gks tk,A jkeiky % blesa ;wfu;u D;k dj ldrh gS\
vaèksjxnhZ epk j[kh gS gjkfe;ksa usA FkkscM+k QkM+ osG ikjcrh % D;ksa u dj ldrh\ ehy esa Hkh cPpksa dks j[kus dk
dg fn;ké^cPpk vanj ugha tk ldrkA* vjs cPps cankscLr gksuk pkfg,A ;s ekax Hkh rks Fkh gM+rky
dks vius lkFk dke ij u ykÅa rks D;k ljdkjh ?kwjs dhA
ij isGad nwaA ns[k yks Hkb;kth] ;s oSGlh ukbalkQh gSA jkeiky % ns[k ikjcrh] geus 1050 ost osG fy,] 2 #i;s
dkedkth vkSjr cPps dks dke ij u ys tk losG rks egaxkbZ&HkÙks osG fy,] BsosGnkjh osG f[+kyki+GébÙkh
dke oSGls djs\ dy ryd esjk vkneh eqUuh dks cM+h&cM+h ekaxksa ij lkr fnu dh gM+rky yM+hA
ns[krk FkkA vkt mls dke fey x;k rks eSa bls vius ekfyd ?kcjk x, gSaA vc t+jk&lk&t+ksj yxk,a rks
lkFk ys vkbZA lqljs VSedhij us QkVd ij gh jksd mUgsa ;s ekaxsa ekuuh iM+saxhA ;s NksVh&eksVh ekaxsa mBk,axs
fn;kA dgrk gS] cPps dks vanj ys tkus dk gqDe u rks gekjh yM+kbZ det+ksj gks tk,xhA
gSA Bhd gS] eSa Hkh [kM+h gwa ;gha ijA vHkh f'k¶V ikjcrh % NksVh&eksVh\ ;s NksVh&eksVh ekax uk gS jkeiky! ;s
NwVsxh rks crkÅaxh ;wfu;uokyksa dks fd ;gka D;k esjh ukSdjh dk loky gSA
py jgk gSA vkSjrsa % gka ;g Hkh ekax Fkh gM+rky dhA
égwVj ctrk gSA et+nwj ckgj vkrs gSaAé ikjcrh % fudky] fudky ipkZ tksxh] lkQ&lkQ fy[kk gS
ikjcrh % vjs vks tksxh] jkeiky js--- esjh ukSdjh pyh tk,xh lhVw osG ijps esaéftl ehy esa vkSjrsa dke djsa] ogka
js! VSedhij us eq>s vanj u tkus fn;k vktA cky?kj cukuk iM+sxkA
tks x h % D;ksa u tkus fn;k\ jkeiky % tksxh] t+jk lksp ysA esjh jk; esa blls gekjh yM+kbZ
pePkk % ikjcrh] >wB er uk cksysA lkjh ckr esjs lkeus gqbZ det+ksj iM+ tk,xhA
FkhA VSedhij us rq>s ugha jksdk Fkk] rsjs cPps dks pepk % gka] lgh ckr gSA
jksdk FkkA ikjcrh % rw rks cksybZ erA myVh ckr er uk dj jkeikyA rw
ikjcrh % vkSj dksbZ cksys ;k u cksys] ;s pepk viuh pksap oSGlk lhVw dk yhMj gS\ lhVw us gh rks cky?kj dh
t:j [kksysxkA vjs eSa cPph dks vanj uk ys tk lowGa ekax j[kh FkhA gekjh ;wfu;u us ;s ekax mBkbZA blhfy,
rks D;k mls ckgj lM+d ij iVd nwa\ lxjh vkSjrsa lkFk vkbZ gSaA D;ksa jh\
jkeiky % ij rw eqUuh dks lax ykbZ D;wa\ ,d vkSjr % vkSj D;k\
,d vkSjr % blosG ejn dks dke fey x;k gS HkbZ] dgka NksM+dj nwljh vkSjr % eSa rks [kklrkSj ij blhfy, gM+rky ij xbZ FkhA
vkrh\ ikjcrh % vkSjrksa osG vkus ls yM+kbZ etcwr gqbZ gS ;k fd
ikjcrh % gka] ?kj esa dksbZ uk gS cPph dks ns[kus okykA detksj\ ikxy u gks rks!
jkeiky % oks rks Bhd gS ikjcrh! ysfdu cPph vanj dgka nwljh vkSjr % ftl fey esa gks ooZGj efgyk
jgs x h\ lc % cPps j[kus dh gks lqfoèkk
uqDdM+ tue laokn tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 73
lw=èkkj % gj t+ksj&tq+yqe dh VDdj esa--- vius Hkkb;ksa dks gh la?k"kZ ls gVk jgs gksA Hkwyks er]
élc tqywl osG :i esa pyrs gSaAé ekfyd vkSj muosG nyky blh rkd esa cSBs gSa fd
tks x h % xq+yke jlwy] jk?kou] rqe yksx tqywl esa ugha pyksxs dksbZ etnwjksa esa iwGV Myok, rks oks vkdj gkFk lsoGs Aa
D;k\ tjk vDy ls dke yksA pyks xq+yke jlwy] jk?kou]
énksuksa [+kkeks'k [kM+s gSaAé tqywl osG lkFk pyksA
tks x h % pyks HkbZ] ns[kks lHkh etnwj tqywl esa 'kkfey gSaA étksxh Bsdk&et+nwjksa osG ikl tkrk gSAé
vkSjrsa HkhA rqe Hkh pyksA X+kqyke jlwy % ij tksxh HkkbZ] gesa ;s Hkh rks le>kvks fd rqEgkjs lkFk
évc Hkh [+kkeks'k gSaAé pydj gesa feysxk D;kA pkgs oqGN gks tk,] gesa rks
tks x h % D;k ckr gks xbZ\ ogh 300&350 feyus gSaA
jk?kou % dkejsM] rqEgkjs dgus ij ge rqEgkjs lkFk lkr fnu tks x h % fQj ogh ckrA rqEgsa igys Hkh crk;k Fkk] gekjs pkVZj
gM+rky ij jgs] tcfd ost c<+us ls gesa dksbZ Qk;nk esa ;s tks ekax gS fd leku dke dk leku osru feys-
ugha gksuk FkkA ge Bgjs BsoGs osG etnwjA --
+Xkqyke jlwy % rqe tkurs gks] vkBosa fnu tc ge dke ij ykSVs Fks rks dks j l % leku dke ] leku osru---
BsosGnkj us okil ysus ls lkQ badkj dj fn;k FkkA tks x h % ;s fdldh ekax gS\
jkeiky % gka] vkSj lhVw us gh rqEgsa okil dke ij j[kok;k FkkA X+kqyke jlwy % gS rks gekjh gh---
;s er HkwyksA (tksxh jksdrk gSA) tks x h % gka] ;s rqEgkjs tSls BsosG osG etnwjksa dh ekax gSA dke
jk?kou % vkSj ckn eas BsosGnkj osG xqaMksa us èkedh tks nh Fkh fd rks rqe djrs gks daiuh osG ooZGj ftruk] ij ost ikrs
vkxs dHkh lhVw osG lkFk x, rks gM~Mh&ilyh ,d gks vkSuk&ikSukA
dj nsaxsA +Xkqyke jlwy % ost rks de feyrk gh gS] bZ-,l-vkbZ-] cksul] chek]
tks x h % blhfy, rks dgrk gwa ;wfu;u esa vk tkvksA xzSpqVhéoqGN Hkh ugha feyrkA
vyx&Fkyx jgksxs rks oks rqEgsa vklkuh ls oqGpy jk?kou % vkSj tc ejth HksM+&cdfj;ksa dh rjg ckgj gkad
Mkys a x s A nsrs gSaA gekjh rks yscj vkfQl esa Hkh lquokbZ ughaA
+Xkqyke jlwy % ckr rks rqEgkjh Bhd gS tksxh HkS;k] ysfdu ge ;wfu;u tks x h % rHkh rks ge dgrs gSa fd BsosGnkjh izFkk dks [kRe djksA
esa vk, rks BsoGs nkj gesa [kM+&s [kM+s fudky ckgj djsxkA lw=èkkj % BsosGnkjh dk var djksA
gekjs cPps Hkw[kksa ej tk,axsA py jk?kou] ge rks dks j l % bl chekjh dk var djksA
dke ij pysaA lw=èkkj % BsosGnkjh dk var djksA
énksuksa tkus yxrs gSaAé dks j l % bl chekjh dk var djksA
jkeiky % (jk?kou dh vksj vkØked rjhos+G ls c<+dj) eSa ns[krk X+kqyke jlwy % Bsdk&et+nwjksa dks dke dh txg ij gh iDdk djksA
gwa lkyks] oSGls dke ij tkrs gksA eSa igys Hkh dgrk daiuh&jftLVj esa uke fy[kksA
Fkk tksxh] bu lkyksa osG pDdj esa er iM+ksA jk?kou % cjkcj osru ys osG jgsaxs] bZ-,l-vkbZ-] cksul] chek]
(èkDdk&eqDdh) iDosG et+nwjksa dh ukSdfj;ka nckdj xzSpqVhélc ys osG jgsaxsA
cSB tkrs gSa] <kbZ lkS&rhu lkS esa dke djus dks jkt+h jkeiky % vjs ,sls gh ugha fey tkrs bZ-,l-vkbZ-] chek] cksul]
gks tkrs gSa (èkDdk&eqDdh)A ;s csisanh osG yksVs gSa] xzSpqVhA mlosG fy, yM+uk iM+sxkA
lkyksa dk dksbZ Hkjkslk ugha (èkDdk&eqDdh) lkyks] tks x h % lc etnwjksa dks lkFk vkuk iM+sxkA
BsosGnkj rks ckn esa] igys eSa gh rqEgkjh gM~Mh&ilyh lw=èkkj % lhVw dk esacj cuuk iM+sxkA
rksM+rk gwa (èkDdk&eqDdh) NksM+ nks eq>sA vkSjr % ;s yM+kbZ lc etnwjksa dh yM+kbZ gSA
jk?kou % vcs tk&tk] cM+k vk;k! u rsjh Vkaxsa rksM+ Mkyha rksA ikjcrh % pkgs enZ gks ;k vkSjrA
étksxh mUgsa vyx&vyx djrk gSAé lw=èkkj % dPpk gks ;k iDdkA
tks x h % ikxy er cuksA jkeiky] rqEgkjs tSls ftEesnkj jkeiky % daiuh dk gks ;k BsosGnkj dkA
dk;ZdrkZ ls ;s mEehn rks ugha FkhA bruh eqf'dy ls X+kqyke jlwy % cko+Gh lkjh ekaxsa Hkys gh eku ysa] ;s ekax dHkh ugha
etnwjksa esa ,dk cuk gSA la?k"kZ rst gks jgk gS] vkSj rqe ekuasxs lkysA
74 tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 uqDdM+ tue laokn
tks x h % ,slk D;ksa lksprs gks xq+yke jlwy HkkbZ\ vHkhA
+Xkqyke jlwy % cko+Gh lkjh ekaxksa ij rks lkjs et+njw lkFk gS]a ;s flji+G ftl fey esa gksa ooZGj efgyk] cPps j[kus dh gks
gekjh ekax gSA dy dks rqEgkjh ekaxsa eku yh tk,axh lq f oèkkA
rks rqe gesa Hkwy tkvksxs] gesa irk gSA gekjh HkykbZ BsosGnkjh dk var djks] bl chekjh dk var djksA
blh esa gS fd BsosGnkj ls cuk osG j[ksaA vkSj can djks ;s iqfyl neu] ;s ykBh] xksyh dk
vkSjr 2 % D;k dg jgs gks xq+yke jlwy] ;s fljQ rqEgkjh ekax 'kkluA
ugha gS] ;s gekjh Hkh ekax gSA vkSjrsa Hkh ejnksa osG yM+dj ysaxs ekaxs lkjh] ;s ns[ksxh nqfu;k lkjhA
cjkcj dejrksM+ dke djrh gSa ij ost de feyrk et+cwr gekjk ,dk gS] >aMk Åapk ygjkrk gSA
gS mUgsaA et+nwj fojksèkh gkfde rd] ;s lans'kk igqapkrk gSA
lw=èkkj % ftu i+GS fDVª;ksa esa ;wfu;u ugha gSa ogka osG iDosG et+njw ksa lw=èkkj % gj t+ksj&t+qYe dh VDdj esa la?k"kZ gekjk ukjk gSA
dk Hkh ;gh gky gSA ekfyd 562 ij vaxwBk yxokdj
300&400 idM+k nsrk gSA ¢
jk?kou % ij HkS;k] tc rd ge iDosG ugha gksrs gesa cpkus
okyk dksbZ ugha gSA py xq+yke jlwyA
énksuksa tkrs gSaAé
ikjcrh % xq+yke jlwy] jk?kou! Bgjks! etnwj gh etnwj dks
cpk,xkA ;g Mj NksM+ks vkSj lhVw esa 'kkfey gks tkvksA
blh esa lcdh HkykbZ gSA
xkuk % tSls lqj ls lqj feys gksa jkx osG
tSls 'kksys fey osG c<+s vkx osG
ftl rjg fpjkx+ ls tys fpjkx+
,sls pyks Hksn rsjk esjk R;kx osG
fey osG pyks fey osG pyks
fey osG pyksA
élc tqywl dh 'kDy esa [kM+s gks tkrs gSaAé
lw=èkkj % lkfFk;ks] ;g Fkh et+nwjksa osG thou dh thrh&tkxrh
rLohjA
dks j l % ysfdu tkus ls igys ge vkils ,d ckj fQj dguk
pkgrs gSaA
lw=èkkj % fd viuh ekaxksa osG fy, la?k"kZ dks rst+ djuk lc
et+nwjksa dh t+:jr gSA
dks j l % lc esgur djus okyksa dh]
lc Hkw[ks jgusokyksa dh]
lc BsosG osG et+nwjksa dh] egO+kwGeksa dh] etcwjksa dh]
lhVw dh tks Hkh ekaxsa gSa] lc et+nwjksa dh ekaxsa gSaA
gj esgurd'k dh ekaxsa gSa] vkSj gj cscl dh ekaxsa gSaA
Dykst+j] NaVuh] rkykcanh] ij gks ljdkjh ikcanhA
nks #i;s vkadM+k HkÙkk gks] flj ij Nr] ru ij yÙkk
gks
et+nwj fojksèkh o+Gkuwuksa dks] okil ys ljdkj vHkh]
D;k ,Lek vkSj D;k ,u-,l-,-] lc okil ys ljdkj

uqDdM+ tue laokn tqykbZ&fnlacj 2002 75