Q1.
A large amount of aluminium sulfate was accidentally added to the drinking water supply
at a water treatment works.
(a) Describe a test to show that the drinking water contained aluminium ions.
Give the result of the test.
Test _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Result _____________________________________________________________
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(3)
(b) Describe a test to show that the drinking water contained sulfate ions.
Give the result of the test.
Test _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Result _____________________________________________________________
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(2)
(c) Plan an investigation to find the total mass of dissolved solids in a 100 cm3 sample of
the drinking water.
Your investigation should produce valid results.
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(4)
Page 1 of 4
(Total 9 marks)
Q2.
This question is about water.
(a) In the UK, potable (drinking) water is produced from different sources of fresh water.
Explain how potable water is produced from fresh water.
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(4)
(b) A different country has:
• very little rainfall
• a long coastline
• plentiful energy supplies.
Suggest one process this country could use to obtain most of its potable water.
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(c) Waste water is not fit to drink.
Treatment of waste water produces two substances:
• liquid effluent
• solid sewage sludge.
Draw one line from each substance to the way the substance is processed.
Substance Process
Aerobic biological treatment
Liquid effluent Anaerobic digestion
Grit removal
Solid sewage sludge Screening
Sedimentation
(2)
Page 2 of 4
The table below shows information about the disposal of processed solid sewage sludge
in the UK in 1992 and in 2010.
Mass of processed solid sewage sludge in millions of
kilograms
Year
Used as Sent to Other
Burned Total
fertiliser landfill methods
1992 440 130 90 338 998
2010 1118 9 260 26 1413
(d) Calculate the percentage of processed solid sewage sludge that was burned in
2010.
Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
Use the table above.
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Percentage (3 significant figures) = _______________%
(3)
(e) Suggest one reason why the total mass of processed solid sewage sludge
increased between 1992 and 2010.
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(1)
(f) Between 1992 and 2010 the proportion of processed solid sewage sludge used as
fertiliser increased.
Suggest two reasons why.
1 _________________________________________________________________
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2 _________________________________________________________________
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(2)
(Total 13 marks)
Page 3 of 4
Q3.
Water from a lake in the UK is used to produce drinking water.
(a) What are the two main steps used to treat water from lakes?
Give a reason for each step.
Step 1 ________________________________________________________
Reason _______________________________________________________
Step 2 ________________________________________________________
Reason _______________________________________________________
(2)
(b) Explain why it is more difficult to produce drinking water from waste water than from
water in lakes.
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(3)
(c) Some countries make drinking water from sea water.
Complete the figure below to show how you can distil salt solution to produce and
collect pure water.
Label the following :
• pure water
• salt solution
(3)
(d) How could the water be tested to show it is pure?
Give the expected result of the test for pure water.
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(2)
(e) Why is producing drinking water from sea water expensive?
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(1)
Page 4 of 4
