Drug administration: Intradermal injection
Objective: To give intradermal injection.
Requirements: Prescription chart
Tray with:
- Syringe with drug/medication to be administered
- Alcohol wipe/cotton ball with spirit
- Dry cotton ball
- Ampule/vial of drug
Procedure:
No. Steps Marks Rationale
Allocated
1.* Check prescription chart: 2 To ensure the presence of accurate
- Name of client order from the physician
- Registration number
- Name of drug/medication
- Dose
- Frequency of
administration
- Route of administration
- Doctor’s signature
- Date and time of
prescription
2.* Identify client using two identifiers. 2 To ensure the right patient
3.* Explain the purpose and action of 2 Observe patient’s basic rights
medication and complete necessary Ensure patient’s safety
assessment before administering the
medication.
4. Perform hand hygiene. 1 To prevent contamination
5. Prepare requirements. 1 To work efficiently and save time
6. Take requirements to client. 1 and effort
7. Provide privacy. 1 To respect patient’s dignity
8. Place client in appropriate position. 1 To ensure patient’s comfort
during the procedure
9.* Identify and expose injection site 2 To correctly locate the injection
site
Ensure patient’s safety
10. Clean site with alcohol swab/cotton 1 To prevent contamination
with spirit
11. Remove needle cap. 1 To expose the needle ready for
administration.
12.* Grasp arm to stretch skin using 2 To allow easier entry of the
thumb and index finger with the needle and less discomfort for the
non-dominant hand. client
13.* Hold syringe parallel (10-15o angle) 2 To ensure needle is only at the
to skin with needle bevel pointing dermal layer
upwards.
14.* Insert needle horizontally until the 2 To make sure the medication will
bevel is under the epidermis. be administered in the epidermal
layer.
15. Push plunger slowly until a wheal 1 Presence of wheal verifies that the
appears. medication entered the dermis
16. Withdraw needle gently but quickly 1 To maintain client’s comfort and
at the same angle used for insertion prevents injury
17. Pat/dry skin with cotton ball. 1 Avoid injury to the patient
18.* Encircle the edges of the wheal with 2 Demarcation of the wheal so any
a blue or black pen. changes in size after 30 minutes
can be noted
19.* Write the name of the medication, 2 To note the drug tested
date and time of administration near
the wheal.
20.* Ensure client’s safety and comfort. 2 To promote safety and comfort of
the client.
21.* Dispose wastes in appropriate 2 For proper waste disposal
receptacles.
22. Perform hand hygiene. 1 To prevent contamination
23.* Document each medication given. 2 To document that the procedure
has been done
24.* Evaluate the client when the 2 Assess patient’s response to the
medication is expected to take effect medication
- For antibiotic test dose: ½
hour after injection.
- For Mantoux Test: 72 hours
after injection
*critical elements: any time sterility is broken the whole procedure is marked zero
Examiner: ……………………………. Signature: …………………….
Total marks: ______________ X 100 =
37
Drug administration: Subcutaneous injection
Objective: To give subcutaneous injection.
Requirements: Prescription chart
Tray with:
- Syringe with drug/medication to be administered
- Alcohol wipe/cotton ball
- Dry cotton ball
- Empty ampule/vial of the drug
Procedure:
No. Steps Marks Rationale
Allocated
1.* Check prescription chart: 2 To ensure the presence of accurate
- Name of client order from the physician
- Registration number
- Name of drug/medication
- Dose
- Frequency of
administration
- Route of administration
- Doctor’s signature
- Date and time of
prescription
2.* Identify client using two identifiers. 2 To ensure the right patient
3.* Explain the purpose and action of 2 Observe patient’s basic rights
medication and complete necessary Ensure patient’s safety
assessment before administering
the medication.
4. Perform hand hygiene 1 To prevent contamination
5. Prepare requirements. 1 To work efficiently and save time
6. Take requirements to client. 1 and effort
7. Provide privacy. 1 To respect patient’s dignity
8. Place client in appropriate position. 1 To ensure patient’s comfort during
the procedure
9.* Identify and expose injection site 2 To correctly locate the injection
site
Ensure patient’s safety
10. Clean site with dry cotton balls 1 To prevent contamination. Alcohol
swab is not used for in insulin
administration.
11. Remove needle cap. 1 To expose the needle ready for
administration.
12.* Hold injection site between thumb 2 To take hold of as much
and index finger. subcutaneous mass and to steady
the site
13.* Hold syringe and insert needle at 2 Ensure needle reaches the
45 or 90 into the subcutaneous. subcutaneous layer
*45o for normal adult
*90o for obese adult
14. Administer drug by pushing 1 To ensure comfort of the client
plunger slowly. during drug administration.
15. Withdraw needle gently but 1 Avoid injury to the patient
quickly at the same angle used for
insertion
16. Clean/wipe skin with dry cotton 1 To remove blood within the
ball. insertion site.
17.* Ensure client’s safety and comfort. 2 To promote safety and comfort of
the client.
18.* Dispose wastes in appropriate 2 For proper waste disposal
receptacles.
19. Perform hand hygiene. 1 To prevent contamination
20.* Document each medication given. 2 To document that the procedure
has been done
21.* Evaluate the client when the 2 Assess patient’s response to the
medication is expected to take medication
effect (usually 30 minutes or
depending on the medication) and
report abnormalities.
*critical elements: any time sterility is broken the whole procedure is marked zero
Examiner: ……………………………. Signature: …………………….
Total marks: ______________ X 100 =
31
Drug administration: Intramuscular injection
Objective: To give intramuscular injection.
Requirements: Prescription chart
Tray with:
- Syringe with drug/medication to be administered
- Alcohol wipe/cotton ball with spirit
- Dry cotton ball
- Ampule/vial of drug
Procedure:
No. Steps Marks Rationale
Allocated
1.* Check prescription chart: 2 To ensure the presence of
- Name of client accurate order from the physician
- Registration number
- Name of drug/medication
- Dose
- Frequency of administration
- Route of administration
- Doctor’s signature
- Date and time of
prescription
2.* Identify client with two identifiers. 2 To ensure the right patient
3.* Explain the purpose and action of 2 Observe patient’s basic rights
medication and complete necessary Ensure patient’s safety
assessment before administering the
medication.
4. Perform hand hygiene 1 To prevent contamination
5. Prepare requirements. 1 To work efficiently and save time
6. Take requirements to client. 1 and effort
7. Provide privacy. 1 To respect patient’s dignity
8. Place client in appropriate position. 1 To ensure patient’s comfort
during the procedure
9.* Identify and expose injection site 2 To correctly locate the injection
(upper arm, buttock, thigh – anterior, site
lateral). Ensure patient’s safety
10. Clean site with alcohol wipe/cotton 1 To prevent contamination
ball
11. Remove needle cap. 1 To expose the needle ready for
administration.
12.* Hold injection site between thumb and 2 To take hold of as much muscle
index finger. mass and to steady the site
13.* Hold syringe and insert at 90 into the 2 Ensure needle reaches the muscle
muscle
14.* Withdraw plunger slightly (to ensure 2 To identify if the medication will
needle is not in a blood vessel). be administered in the muscle and
not in the blood vessel.
15. Administer drug by pushing plunger 1 To ensure comfort of the client
slowly. during drug administration.
16. Withdraw needle gently but quickly at 1 Avoid injury to the patient
the same angle used for insertion
17. Clean/wipe skin with dry cotton ball. 1 To remove blood within the
insertion site.
18.* Ensure client’s safety and comfort. 2 To promote safety and comfort of
the client.
19.* Dispose wastes in appropriate 2 For proper waste disposal and
receptacles. prevents needle stick injury
20. Perform hand hygiene. 1 To prevent contamination
21.* Document each medication given. 2 To document that the procedure
has been done
22.* Evaluate the client when the 2 Assess patient’s response to the
medication is expected to take effect medication
(usually 30 minutes or depending on
the medication) and report
abnormalities
*critical elements: any time sterility is broken the whole procedure is marked zero
Examiner: ……………………………. Signature: …………………….
Total marks: ______________ X 100 =
33
