2023 Fall semester

Finite Element Method

TA #1 : Truss and beam

TA : 이준수, Jun-Soo Lee (qw0524@[Link])

Professor : Jin-Gyun Kim ([Link]@[Link])
Modeling & Simulation (M&S) laboratory
Content

1. Introduce of ABAQUS and initial set up

2. Truss Element

3. Truss FE Solution using ABAQUS

4. BEAM Element

5. BEAM FE Solution using ABAQUS

2
Introduction of ABAQUS

3
Introduction : FE tools

In this lecture

4
Introduction : Abaqus

CAD CAE

Capability

Optimization Nonlinear material Large deformation

Multiphysics Fluid flow

Thermal

5
ABAQUS : Install
1. Visit the ABAQUS student version site
[Link]

2. Click the ‘DOWNLOAD FOR FREE’

3. Register your ID

Register

6
ABAQUS : Install
4. Scroll down to ‘Downloads’

⋮ (Scroll Down)

2022/2021

5. Wait for the download to start

7
ABAQUS : Install

6. Unzip the file and execute ‘[Link]’

7. Follow the sequence and wait

!!! NO KOREAN in Installation Directory ( ex. C:\ Program Files\아바쿠스 )
!!! NO KOREAN in Windows Account ( ‘제어판 > 계정’ 에서 확인 )

8
ABAQUS : Install
※ How to check Windows account name

NO KOREAN
in Windows Account

실행 앱 (시작키 + R키)

※ How to edit Windows account name

* Search :

* Guide : [Link]

* Video : [Link]

9
ABAQUS : Install
8. Install 64-bit Java Runtime Environment(JRE) 11

Select Java 11

2
3
Check your OS
Download JRE

9. Follow the sequence and wait

10. Click the start button(시작 메뉴) and

find ‘Abaqus CAE’ in the Dassult systems folder

1
0
 ABAQUS : Interface

(Default)

(Customize)

• Tools > Options > View Manipulation

Abaqus manual [Link]

tat=[Link]
ABAQUS : Set up

1 2

Setup work directory :

Analysis result is will be saved in work
directory

3 1. File > set work directory

2. Set a new work directory
3. Select proper folder directory
NO KOREAN in Work Directory

dummy
files
ABAQUS : Unit

There is no specified unit system

→ User need to decide

1 2 3 4

In this lecture

11
Simulation step

Preprocessing Analysis Postprocessing

• Geometry
• Iteration
• Material • Contouring
• Convergence check
• Boundary condition • Plot
• Analysis Method
• Load • Parametric analysis
• Time step
• Mesh

Computing…

[Link]

12
1D Element

13
1D Element

• Bar Element (= Truss) • Beam Element

𝑌 𝑌 𝑣1 𝑣2
𝑢1 𝑢2
𝜙1 𝜙2
𝑋 2 DOFs
𝑋 4 DOFs

12 6𝐿 −12 6𝐿 𝑣1 𝑓1
𝐴𝐸 1 −1 𝑢1 𝑓1 𝐸𝐼 6𝐿 4𝐿2 −6𝐿 2𝐿2 𝜙1 𝑚1
= =
𝐿 −1 1 𝑢2 𝑓2 𝐿3 −12 −6𝐿 12 −6𝐿 𝑣2 𝑓2
6𝐿 2𝐿2 −6𝐿 4𝐿2 𝜙2 𝑚2

• Simplest Element • Euler Bernoulli Beam

• 1 Translational DOF • 1 Translational DOF + 1 Rotational DOF

14
TRUSS Element
Truss Problem

3000𝑥 N/m

𝐿 = 12 𝑚
𝑥 L 𝐴 = 100 cm2
𝐸 = 210 𝐺𝑃𝑎

16
Truss Problem
Distributed load → Nodal load
𝑓: Distributed Load
𝑓 𝑥 [𝑁/𝑚]
F: Concentrate Load
𝑢1 𝑢2
(1) (2)
𝑢2
F1 F2
L
1 − 𝑥/𝑙
𝑁=
𝑥/𝑙

• Distributed load • Nodal load

S1
𝑓 +
𝑆1 + 𝑆2 + 𝑆3 S2 S3
𝑓1 𝑓2

F𝑒11 F𝑒12 F𝑒21 F𝑒22

2
S1 + 1 S 2
F𝑒 11 3 2
1 1 2
𝐹 = F𝑒12 + 𝐹𝑒21 = 3
S 1 + 2
S 2 + ( S )
3 3
F𝑒22 1
S
3 3

17
Truss FE Solution using ABAQUS

18
ABAQUS : Truss(Part)

1
2
3
1. Change a module to part
2. Click Create part icon
4 3. Part name
• Type part name ‘Truss’
5
4. Modeling space
• 3D
5. Type
• Deformable
6 7 6. Dimension of part
• Wire
7. Method
• Extrusion
8. Click continue
8

19
 ABAQUS : Truss(Sketch)
Line generation
1

1. Click : Create lines

2. Type 0,0
3. Type 12,0 and ESC button
4. Click Done
2

3 Result , Line Part

20
ABAQUS : Truss(Property)
1

2
3

1. Change to property
2. Click : Create material
4 3. Name : Steel
4. Click : Elastic
5. Fill the fields E 210e9, Nu 0.3
6. Click Ok

21
ABAQUS : Truss(Section)
1 2
3
4

1. Click : Create section

2. Set the fields : Name, Category, Type
3. Set the fields : Material,
Cross-sectional area
5
4. Click Assign
5. Click bar
Drag 6. Click Done
7. Click OK

22
ABAQUS : Truss(Assembly)
In this Module, we will set the relation of each part and location of parts in global coordinate

1
2
3
1. Change the module to Assembly
2. Click : Create Instance
3. Click : Click OK button without changes
4. The part that is defined in global coordinate

23
ABAQUS : Truss(Step)
1 1. Change the module to Step
2 2. Click : Create Step
3. Click : Static
4. Click : Continue
5. Click : Ok

4
5

24
ABAQUS : Truss(Load – BC)
1

1. Change a module to Load

2 2. Click Create Boundary Condition
3. Click Displacement/Rotation
4. Click Continue
3
5. Click left end of bar
6. Click Done
7. Click check-box like ⑦ and click OK

5
7

Result , Boundary Condition

25
ABAQUS : Truss(Load)
1
1. Click Create load
2. Click Concentrated force
2
3. Click Continue
4. Click right end of bar
5. Click Done
6. Input 1 to CF1

3
6

Result , Concentrated Load

26
 ABAQUS : Truss(Mesh)
1

2
1. Change module to mesh, select part
6 3 2. Click Seed part
3. Input Global size 12
4. Check the size
5. Click Done
6. Click Mesh part
7. Click Yes

4 7

Color Changed
5

Result , Mesh

27
ABAQUS : Truss(Mesh)

1 4

2
Click

1. Assign element type

2. Click the part
3. Click Done
4. Find Truss and click end
28
ABAQUS : Truss(JOB)
1
2
3
1. Change module to Job
2. Click Create job
3. Name : Truss
4. Click Continue
5. Click OK

30
ABAQUS : Truss(JOB)

3
2 1. Click Job manager
2. Submit
※ 3. Wait for Complete
4. Click result
4
※ Click Monitor (If there is any error)

31
ABAQUS : Truss(Result - Contour)

1. Plot contour
2. Contour option
1
1. S : Stress
2. E : Strain
3. U : Displacement
3. Animation option
3

32
 ABAQUS : Truss(Result - Contour)
1

1. Change Fieldoutput to U
2. Click Probe Value
3. Set the options and check the result
3
Result , Contour (Displacement)

33
ABAQUS : Truss(Result - Contour)

1. Change Fieldoutput to S
1
2. Set the options and check the result

Result , Contour (Stress)

2

34
ABAQUS : Truss(Result - Plot)

1
How to create the path
1. Click : Tools > Path > Manager
2. Click : Create
3. Check ‘Node list’ type and click Continue
2 4. Click : Viewport selection > Add Before
3 5. Click : node 1, 2 at viewport
6. Click : OK

4
6

35
 ABAQUS : Truss(Result - Plot)
1 3

2 5

Result , Contour (Plot) 1. Click : 'Create XY Data’

2. Check Path and click continue
3. Select the path you created
4. Click : FieldOuput
5. Select U > Magnitude and click OK
6. Click : Plot

36
ABAQUS : Element case study

37
ABAQUS : Truss (Multi Part)
1
3
2

1. Click : Part Manager

2. Click : Copy
4 3. Edit a name of copied part
4. Select copied part
5. Click the icon for 2sec and Click 3rd icon
6. Ignore error window
7. Click : Midpoint of Part
6
5 8. Click : Create Partition

38
ABAQUS : Truss (Multi Part)
1

3
2 1. Select copied part
2. Click : Create Datum Point
3. Submit Coordinate (4,0,0) , (8,0,0)
4. Click : Partition Edge
5. Ignore error window
6. Click : Datum Point
7. Click : Create Partition
4
5

39
 ABAQUS : Truss (Multi Part)
1
2
1. Change the module to Assembly
2. Click : Create Instance
3. Select the copied part
3 4. Click : Translate Instance
5. Click : Instance…
6. Click the copied part
7. Submit start point of vector
Submit end point of vector

5 Result

40
ABAQUS : Truss (Multi Part)

Section, Mesh, Load, Boundary Condition, …

41
Truss Problem – Analytical Solution
Analytical solution of bar
3000𝑥 N/m

𝐿 = 12 𝑚
𝐴 = 100 cm2
𝑥 L 𝐸 = 210 𝐺𝑃𝑎

• Analytical solution of axial loaded bar

P: Load
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑥
𝑃(𝑥) = 𝐴𝐸 𝑢(𝑥) = න 𝑃(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + C L: Lengh
𝑑𝑥 𝐸𝐴 0
A: Axial area
1
FBD at 𝑥 𝑃 𝑥 = 𝑥(300𝑥) = 1500𝑥 2 E: Elastic modulers
2
• Fix right end, 𝑢 L = 0
1500
𝑢= (𝑥3 − 𝐿3)
3𝐴𝐸
• Stress
𝑃𝑥
𝜎 𝑥 =
𝐴
42
Truss Problem

1500𝑥2
𝜎 𝑥 =
𝐴

1500
𝑢= (𝑥3 − 𝐿3)
3𝐴𝐸

43
BEAM Element

44
Beam Problem

𝑤 = 200 N/m Cross Section

15 x 10 [cm]

𝑥 𝐿 𝐿 = 15 𝑚
𝐸 = 210 𝐺𝑃𝑎

Distributed load → Nodal load

𝑤 = 2 kN/m

𝑀 𝑚2

𝐿 𝑓2
𝑉
0
0 𝑓1
−𝑤𝐿 𝑚1 𝑤: Distributed Load
𝐹= = 𝑓
2 2
𝑓 ∶ Nodal Force
wL2 𝑚2
12

45
BEAM FE Solution using ABAQUS

46
ABAQUS : Beam(Part)

1
2

3
1. Change a module to part
2. Click Create part icon
4 3. Part name
• Type part name ‘Beam’
5
4. Modeling space
• 3D
5. Type
• Deformable
6 7 6. Dimension of part
• Wire
7. Method
• Extrusion
8 8. Click continue

47
 ABAQUS : Beam(Sketch)
Line generation
1
1. Click : Create lines
2. Type 0,0
3. Type 15,0 and ESC button
4. Click Done
5. If you want to exit the sketch without
any changes, click the x button
2

3 Line part

5 4

48
ABAQUS : Beam(Property)
1
2
3

1. Change to property
4 2. Click : Create material
3. Name : Steel
4. Click : Elastic
5. Fill the fields E 210e9, Nu 0.3
6. Click Ok

49
ABAQUS : Beam(property)

1
2

4 1. Create section
2. Choose Beam and OK
3. Click : Create Profile
4. Click : Rectangular and continue
5. Input the value to a and b, and OK

5
Cross Section
15 x 10 [cm]

50
ABAQUS : Beam(property)

1. Clink ‘Assign Section’ icon

2. Click beam at viewport
3. Click Done
1 4. Section
5. Click OK
4

2
3
ABAQUS : Beam(property)

1 1. Click ‘Assign Beam orientation’ icon

2. Don’t create set
3. Click beam at viewport
4. Click Done
5. Click and press ‘Enter’
2 6. Click OK
5

6
ABAQUS : Beam(Assembly)
In this Module, we will set the relation of each part and location of parts in global coordinate

1
2
3
1. Change the module to Assembly
2. Click : Create Instance
3. Click : Click OK button without changes
4. The part that is defined in global coordinate

53
ABAQUS : Beam(Step)
1 1. Change the module to Step
2 2. Click : Create Step
3. Click : Static
4. Click : Continue
5. Click : Ok

54
ABAQUS : Beam(Line load)
1

1. Change the module to Load

2. Click Create load
3. Find line load, Click ok
3
4. Click part
6
5. Click Done
6. Input -200 (component2) and OK

55
ABAQUS : Beam(Mesh)
1

6 3 1. Change module to mesh, select part

2. Click Seed part
3. Input Global size 1
4. Check the size
5. Click Done
6. Click Mesh part
7. Click Yes
4

56
ABAQUS : Beam(Mesh)

1
3

1. Assign element type

4
2. Select beam and Done
3. Select Beam
4. Select Cubic formulation and OK

57
ABAQUS : Beam(Field output)

2
1. Edit the Field output
2. Check the UT, UR

58
ABAQUS : Beam(JOB)
1
2
1. Change module to Job
3 2. Click Create job
3. Name : Truss
4. Click Continue
5. Click OK

59
ABAQUS : Beam(JOB)

3
2
1. Click Job manager
2. Submit
3. Wait for Complete
4 4. Click result

60
ABAQUS : Beam(Result-Contour)

𝑌 𝒗𝟏 𝒗𝟐

𝜙1 𝜙2
𝑋

61
ABAQUS : Beam(Result-Contour)

𝑌 𝑣1 𝑣2

𝝓𝟏 𝝓𝟐
𝑋

62
ABAQUS : Beam(Result - Plot)

How to create the path

1. Click : Tools > Path > Manager
2. Click : Create
3. Check ‘Node list’ type and click continue
4. Submit 1:16 (start node # : end node #)
5. Click : Ok

63
 ABAQUS : Beam(Result - Plot)
1 3

5
4

Result , Contour (Plot) 1. Click : 'Create XY Data’

2. Check Path and click continue
3. Select the path you created
4. Click : FieldOuput
5. Select UR > UR3 and click OK
6. Click : Plot

64
ABAQUS : Beam(Result)

65
Beam
Beam Analytical Solution
𝐅𝐁𝐃 𝐨𝐟 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐮𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝 𝐛𝐞𝐚𝐦

• Bending moment and Shear force

wL2
𝑑𝑀 𝑑3𝑣 𝑀
𝑉𝑥 = = 𝐸𝐼 3 𝑉 𝑥 = 𝑤𝐿 − 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 x
wL 𝑉
𝑑2𝑣 𝑤𝐿2 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑀 𝑥 = 𝐸𝐼 𝑀 𝑥 =− + 𝑤𝐿𝑥 −
𝑑𝑥 2 2 2

• Displacement
𝑑4𝑣 1 −𝑤𝑥4 𝑤𝐿𝑥3 𝑤𝐿2𝑥2 w: Distributed load I: Second moment of area
𝐸𝐼 4 = −𝑤 𝑥 , 𝑣(𝑥) = + −
𝑑𝑥 𝐸𝐼 24 6 4 L: Lengh E: Elastic modulers

w 𝑣

𝑟2
L
66
ABAQUS : Beam(Result)

𝑤 = 200 N/m Cross Section

15 x 10 [cm]

𝑥 𝐿 𝐿 = 15 𝑚
𝐸 = 210 𝐺𝑃𝑎

1 −𝑤𝑥4 𝑤𝐿𝑥3 𝑤𝐿2𝑥2

𝑣(𝑥) = + −
𝐸𝐼 24 6 4

67
ABAQUS : ERROR
※ XML parsing failure

Case1) Korean in Windows account

→ Check the page⑧ of this PPT
Case2) Korean in work directory
→ Check ‘File>Set Work Directory’

※ Another Errors

Send e-mail to me (sksdydqja7@[Link])

with error message & all files in your work directory
(.inp, .log, .dat, etc.)

68
 Thank you
Q&A : 이준수 (qw0524@[Link])