A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 9

Prepared by: Eljun Arquita

January 30, 2024

LEARNING COMPETENCY: Recognize the general classes and uses of organic compounds (S9MT - IIh -18).

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson 80% students should be able to:
a. Describe the general classes and uses of organic compounds;
b. Classify the difference between alkane alkene, and alkyne in terms of their names, formula, and structure;
and
c. State the importance of knowing the proper uses of organic compound.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: HYDROCARBON
Materials:
 Powerpoint Presentation
 Video Presentation
 Laptop and Monitor/Projector
References: Eval, A., Bondad, L., Nariz, Marjorie., Maaghop, M.C., Science for Innovative Mind. Diwa
Learning System. (pp. 169-173)

III. PROCEDURE
[Link]
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

1. Prayer
Before we start, let us pray first.

Who is assigned for the prayer today? Alexis Sir

Okay, everyone is invited to stand and let us pray. In the name of the Father, and to the
You may start the prayer Alexis Son, and to the Holy Spirit. Amen.

Thank you for leading the prayer, Alexis. Before you take your seats,
please arrange your chairs properly and make sure there are no trash
around you.

2. Greetings
Good morning Everyone ! Good Morning Sir

3. Checking of Attendance No one is absent , Sir!

Who is absent today?
Okay, Good to hear.

4. Checking of Assignment No sir

It’s good to know that everyone is present. By the way, did I give you an
assignment?

5. Review

Before we proceed to our next topic, let us have a quick review. About Carbon Compound sir.

What was our previous topic all about? It is chemical that contain carbon sir.

Very good. What is Carbon Compound? Sir it is an element that has four
valence electron.
Excellent, what is carbon?
Tetravalence, Allotropes,
hydrocabon, catenation, and
Correct. What are the properties of carbon? isomerism.

You got it right. It’s good to hear that you can still recall our previous
topic. Let us now go to our next topic.

a. Motivation
Before we begin our discussion for today, Let us have a game first.

Our game is called “Guess the Jumble Word”. In this activity class I will
provide some clue for you to be able to arrange and recognize the Jumble
Word in order to have the correct answer. .
Crystal, sir
Is that clear class?

Let’s begin.
HYDROCARBON
1. NOBHYDORCRA
Clue: Property of carbon
ALKANE sir
[Link]
Clue: Saturated hydrocarbon that contain only single bond between
carbon atom.
ALKENE sir
3. ENELAK
Clue: Unsaturated hydrocarbon that contain at least one double bond
between carbon atom.

4. YAKLNE ALKYNE sir

Clue: Unsaturated hydrocarbon that contain at least one triple bond
between carbon atom.
ORGANIC COMPOUND
5. CANIRGO DONCUMPO
Clue: Hydrocarbon

Presentation About Organic Compound

Based on the jumble word you guess, what do you think is our topic for
today?

Very good, Our topic for today class is all about the Organic Compound.
At the end of this lesson you will be able to;
a. Describe the general classes and uses of organic compounds;
b. Classify the difference between alkane alkene, and alkyne in terms of
their names, formula, and structure; and
c. State the importance of knowing the proper uses of organic compound. Yes sir.

Are you ready to listen class?

Discussion

Crude sir.

It is oil that are complex mixtures of

What is the picture illustrated in the monitor?
containing thousand of organic
compound.
Very good. What is crude?
It has many uses especially in the
production of gasoline, jet fuels,
diesel, lubricants, and many more
Right. What do you think is the use of crude?
sir.

Very good. Aside from crude class, Organic compound essential to

human functioning include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and
nucleotides. These compounds are said to be organic since they contain
both carbon and hydrogen.
Hydrocarbon sir
What again is the property of carbon that are organic compounds
composed exclusively carbon and hydrogen atom?

That is correct. Hydrocarbons are classified into two main categories. Let
us look the picture to identify these category.

Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon

sir.
Based on the picture illustrated, what are the two main categories of
hydrocarbon? Aliphatic hydrocarbon are organic
compound that are usually linked
together in chains via, single,
What is the difference between aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon? double, triple bonds. On the other
hand, Aromatic hydrocarbon are
organic compound that contain
alternating single and double bond.

Alkane is saturated hydrocarbon that

contain only one single bond while
alkene and alkyne are both
Okay. What is the difference between alkane, alkene, and alkyne unsaturated hydrocarbon. Alkene
cycloalkane? contain at least one double bond and
Alkyne contain at least one triple
bond and cycloalkane is an aliphatic
hydrocarbon that is shape ring or
cycle sir.

Very well said. Let us know more about alkane first.

CnH2n+2
What is the general formula for Alkane? “n” stand number of carbon atom sir.

What does n in general formula stands for? Methane sir

What is the simplest alkane? Only 1 sir

How many carbon atom does methane have? CH4 sir

Using the general formula for alkane. What is the molecular formula of
methane? Sir because methane has only 1
carbon atoms, using the formula
How can you prove it? CnH2n+2 = C1H2(1)+2 = CH4
Still CH4 sir.
(The student write on the board)

Very good, How about the Condensed Structural Formula?

Okay. Can you give us the Structural Formula for

(The teacher encourage the student
to write on the board)

(The student participate and write

Nice. Using the same formula let us now identify the molecular formula, their answer on the board.
condensed structural formula and structural formula of the other
following alkanes. CnH2n+2 = C2H2(2)+2 = C2H6
Ethane sir.

How about if there are two carbon atoms? What is its molecular formula?
What is the name of this hydrocarbon?
Okay. Draw the structural formula for ethane CnH2n+2 = C3H2(3)+2 = C3H8
Propane sir

Correct. How about if there 3 carbon atoms?

CnH2n+2 = C4H2(4)+2 = C4H10
What is the name of this hydrocarbon? Butane sir

Can you show us the structural formula for propane?

Excellent. How about if there 3 carbon atoms?

What is the name of this hydrocarbon? CnH2n+2 = C5H2(5)+2 = C5H12

Pentane sir
Can you show us the structural formula for butane?

Right. How about if there 5 carbon atoms? CnH2n+2 = C6H2(6)+2 = C6H14

Hexane sir
What is the name of this hydrocarbon?

Can you show us the structural formula for pentane?

CnH2n+2 = C7H2(7)+2 = C7H16

Good job. How about if there 6 carbon atoms?
Heptane sir
What is the name of this hydrocarbon?

Can you show us the structural formula for hexane?

Very good. How about if there 7 carbon atoms?

CnH2n+2 = C8H2(8)+2 = C8H18
What is the name of this hydrocarbon? Octane sir

Can you show us the structural formula for heptane?

CnH2n+2 = C9H2(9)+2 = C9H20

Notane sir

Amazing. How about if there 8 carbon atoms?

What is the name of this hydrocarbon?

Can you show us the structural formula for octane?

 CnH2n+2 = C9H2(9)+2 = C9H20
Decane sir
Very good. How about if there 9 carbon atoms?

What is the name of this hydrocarbon?

Can you show us the structural formula for Nonane?

Alright. How about if there 10 carbon atoms?

What is the name of this hydrocarbon?

Nomenclature sir.
Can you show us the structural formula for Decane?

You got it right..

Yes sir
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has
recommended a set of rules for naming hydrocarbons.

What do you call the process of choosing or naming hydrocarbons?

Nomenclature derived from the latin “nomen” which means “name” and
“calare” which means to “call”

For alkane, the straight – chained alkanes are named using the suffix – Straight and branched chain of
ane such as methane and ethane. hydrocarbon sir.

Do you understand class? Straight chains alkanes are named by

Okay, let’s proceed to the naming of hydrocarbons or nomenclature. using a stem that indicates the
number of carbon atoms to which is
added the suffix – ane.
The branches are named by changing
the “-ane” end of the name of the
parent molecule they represent to a
“-yl” ending

What do you observe based on the picture?

Is a type of functional group that has
a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom
How can you name straight chain hydrocarbon? are present in its structure.

Correct. How about the branched chain of hydrocarbon?

Excellent. Branched – chain alkanes contains substituent or a group of
atoms attached to them. Common examples of these substituents are the
members of alkyl group.

What is alkyl group? Crystal sir.

Amazing. The alkyl group is formed by removing one hydrogen from the
alkane chain bonding. Let us now observe some examples of alkyl group.

Is it clear class?
Okay let’s proceed.

In naming hydrocarbon class, we have to follow some rules from the

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry or IUPAC in naming
branched – chain alkanes.

1. Identify the longest carbon chain in which is also called the parent
chain. Then number each carbon atom present in the longest chain. Start
numbering the parent numbering the parent chain where you can find the
end near the alkyl group or where the substituents group is given the
lowest number assignment.

2. Name the alkyl group first. Then follow the naming the parent chain.
The name of the branched chain above is 2-methylhexane. Note that the
alkyl group is attached to the second carbon. A hyphen (-) is used to
separate the number of the stem carbon from the name of the branch.

3. If there are cases wherein there are more than two alkyl groups within
the branched chain, use the prefixes di-, tri- or tetra- before the branch
name. Tell the location of the stem carbon atoms to which each branch is
attached by the writing the numbers separated by a comma (,) in
ascending order. Then use a hyphen to separate the final number from the
prefix of the branch name.

Yes sir.

4. There are also cases wherein there are two or more different alkyl
groups appear in branched – chain alkanes. In the case, the names of the
groups are listed alphabetically separating numbers from letters using 4-ethyl-3,5-dimethylnonane
hyphen.

4,5-diethylnonane

Is it clear class?

Okay let’s try this example. Name the following hydrocarbon 3-isopropylheptane
1.

Correct. How about this?

2.

Organic compound essential to

Excellent. How about this last one human functioning include
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and
3. nucleotides. These compounds are
said to be organic since they contain
both carbon and hydrogen.

Aliphatic hydrocarbon are organic

Amazing. Thank You compound that are usually linked
Do you understand class? together in chains via, single,
Do you have any questions class? double, triple bonds. On the other
hand, Aromatic hydrocarbon are
Generalization organic compound that contain
Okay, lets have a quick recap about the properties of carbon alternating single and double bond

1. What is Organic Compound? Alkane is saturated hydrocarbon that

 contain only one single bond while
Correct. alkene and alkyne are both
unsaturated hydrocarbon. Alkene
contain at least one double bond and
Alkyne contain at least one triple
bond
2. What is the difference between aliphatic and aromatic
hydrocarbon? CnH2n+2

Very good.
CnH2n

3. What is the difference alkane, alkene, and alkyne?

CnH2n-2
You got it right.

It is important for us to know in

because not all compound with the
same chemical formula have the
same properties
4. What is the general formula for alkane?
Because organic compound is
Excellent essential to our daily lives and in
nature.
5. What is the general formula for alkene?

Alright

6. What is the general formula for alkane?

You got it right.

7. State the importance of knowing the classes and uses of organic

compound?

What else?

Job well done class, The reason behind this topic is that organic
compound are essential because they contain carbon in all organisms.
They are the basic components that move the world in many of the cycle.
For examples, the carbon involves exchanging carbon in photosynthesis
and cell respiration between plants and animals.

Applications
Name the organic compound with the structural formula given below..
 1.

2.

3.

IV. EVALUATION

I. Give the IUPAC name of the following alkane isomer.

1.

2.

3.

II. Draw the structrural formula of the following branched-chain alkanes

1. 2,3-dimethylnonane
2. 3,5,6-triethyldecane
3. 2,2-dimethylheptane

V. ASSIGNMENT

Study in advance the naming of Alkene.