GECETH Ma. Christine F.
Aguilar MIDTERMS
Bhea Gwyneth G. Amador BAEL 1-B
CONSENT IS FUNDAMENTAL
The shame no one talks about.
INTRODUCTION
Rape is an insufferable crime that has devastating impacts on the victims. It is
an nonconsensual act of forcing sexual intercourse, and a crime that is undeniably
pervasive all over the world. Accurate statistics of rape cases all over the world
cannot be depicted due to the number of unreported rape cases. According to the
National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (2017), 26.8% or 33.5
million women and about 3.8% or 4.5 million men in the United States reported
completed or attempted rape victimization at some point in their life. In the
Philippines, at least 22 rape cases are being reported every day from January 1 to
November 13 of year 2022. Countries with the most number of reported rape
incidents include South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland, Bermuda, Sweden,
Suriname, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Grenada.
“You shouldn’t have been drinking.”
“What were you wearing?”
These are the most common narratives of people who put the blame on rape
victims. This is typically referred to as victim blaming. Victim blaming can be
defined as someone saying, implying, or treating a person who has experienced
harmful or abusive behavior like it was a result of something they did or said,
instead of placing the responsibility on the perpetrators (SACE, 2024). People will
hold the victims accountable for the unfortunate events that nobody wants to
encounter.
An individual who is brutally raped may face a range of physical, emotional,
and psychological distress. The crime has caused trauma of an unfathomable
severity. Additionally, many perpetrators remain free in the world because of
unreported incidents. This allows them to victimize more innocent children,
women and men, and debilitated individuals. Hence, this paper will describe the
prevalence of rape culture, and the need for creating safe spaces for victims as well
as the desperate call of additional law reforms to implement an effective and strong
monitoring of possible sexual assaults.
TOPIC OUTLINE
Elements of of Rape
Rape Culture
Biblical Stories
Medieval Period
Present Time
Voices of Courage: Testimonies of Rape Victims
Preventative Measure for Rape and Sexual Abuse
ELEMENTS OF RAPE
Republic Act No. 8353
The Anti-Rape Law of 1997
Rape is committed when:
1) By a man who shall have carnal knowledge of a woman under any of the
following circumstances:
a) Through force, threat, or intimidation;
b) When the offended party is deprived of reason or otherwise unconscious;
c) By means of fraudulent machination or grave abuse of authority; and
d) When the offended party is under twelve (12) years of age
or is demented, even though none of the circumstances mentioned above
be present.
2) By any person who, under any of the circumstances mentioned in paragraph 1
hereof, shall commit an act of sexual assault by inserting his penis into another
person's mouth or anal orifice, or any instrument or object, into the genital or anal
orifice of another person.
RAPE CULTURE
Biblical Stories
Hebrew Bible contains numerous cases of sexual violence, including rape, rape
threats, sex trafficking, gender-based violence in conflict, femicide, and other forms
of sexual exploitation and violence. Rape culture refers to the view that rape is not a
singular or isolated incident, but rather part of a larger continuum of forms of sexual
violence.
Sexual assault is not a modern issue. Sadly, as King Solomon wrote, “There is
nothing new under the sun“ (Ecclesiastes 1:9). There are examples of sexual assault
and rape found in Scripture, and God is not silent on this topic.
Dinah’s Tragic Story
In Genesis 34, Shechem, a local
Canaanite prince, raped Dinah, the
daughter of Jacob. Two of her brothers
responded by not only killing Shechem,
but by slaughtering every male in his
city to prevent retaliation. Although this
went too far, as Jacob pointed out, it
illustrates the strong feelings some of
Israel’s forebears had against rape.
Tamar and Amnon
In 2 Samuel 13, Amnon burned with
desire for his half-sister, Tamar. He was
so desirous of her that he made himself
ill. Amnon follows through on the plan,
asking Tamar to bring him food that he
might eat it from her hand. She
unsuspectingly enters his bedroom to
feed him. Amnon overpowered and
raped Tamar. Afterward, he loather her
and put her away.
God does not allow sexual assault. He expressly forbids it. God loves His children and He has compassion on those who have
been affected by this crime.
Medieval Period
13th Century
1292
Isabella Plomet Rose
Isabella consulted a Doctor namely In an unfair case of Rose, she
Ralph de Worgan for a pain in her claimed that she was raped but the
lower leg. The doctor said it could court rejected it because Rose didn’t
be cured only if Isabella traveled provide a definite information about
with him to Ross-on-Wye. She the day, the year, or the placed
agreed on the plan, and once they when she was raped. As a result, she
arrived, Ralph gave her a narcotic was imprisoned for two years.
drink. She was intoxicated, and Eventually, the rapist was fined 10
Ralph took the chance to had sex pounds.
with her against her will. Isabella
fought back by filing criminal
charges against the doctor, and she
won the case.
Rape in the Medieval Period is frequently portrayed in social media as a
routine, permitted aspect of life for women, especially the poor and the
servants. People romanticized the present period by saying that the life of
women now is so much better compared to the Medieval Period. However, is
Medieval Period rape culture totally different in the present period? One thing
is for sure, the life of women back then was short and violent, and so in the
present period.
Present Time
Rape is a horrible crime that inflicts severe bodily, mental, and psychological suffering on
the victim. Despite anti-rape measures being in place for decades, thousands of rape cases
are still being reported every year. Data in the Philippine National Police (PNP) presented to
a forum on anti-rape laws in the University of the Philippines Law Center’s Institute of
Human Rights on March 8 showed there were 9,387 cases of rape reported in 2023. This
translates to almost 26 people being raped every day.
Korean arrested for “RAPE” 2 Men held for raping girls
CEBU, Philippines — A Korean MANILA, Philippines — Two men
national was arrested after he were arrested in separate operations
allegedly raped a woman early for allegedly raping girls under 10
morning on February 5, 2024. years old. In Taguig, a man
The victim, 21-years-old and a identified only as Eugene, 38, was
resident of Lilo-an, Cebu, narrated arrested in Barangay Western
to the police that at around 4 a.m. Bicutan for reportedly raping an
on February 5, while walking on her eight-year-old girl, police said
way home after working at a bar, yesterday.
she passed by the suspect who was In Quezon City, a 32-year-old
at a bakery. The victim said the garbage collector was arrested on
Korean invited her to eat. She said Thursday for allegedly raping a
the Korean national later called a five-year-old girl. Police said the
taxi and held her hand to get in the grandmother told the girl to buy
vehicle. The suspect allegedly cheesecake at a nearby store on
brought her to his residence, took Thursday morning.
her inside his room, and committed When the girl failed to return after
the crime. several minutes, the grandmother
Further, she said the suspect looked for the child, who returned
threatened her that he would kill her after nearly an hour.
and her family if she reported to the The girl identified the suspect, their
authorities. neighbor, as the one who raped her
in his house.
Present Time
The data doesn't necessarily reflect the actual prevalence of sexual violence but rather
the rate of reported cases. Factors such as societal norms, victim silencing, legal
definitions, and law enforcement protocols heavily influence these rates.
Rape, sexual abuse and harassment are
typically seen as crimes committed against
women. However, in recent years, some
men and boys have come forward to admit
that they have been victims of such
violations as well. Many cases of male
rape go unreported because of the stigma
attached to it.
In some societies, it is considered unmanly
for a man to cry, because the male
stereotype depicts men as being able to
protect themselves. This toxic masculinity
only makes it worse for men who have
been raped. Men are generally afraid to
come forward as rape victims for fear of
being perceived as weak or gay.
VOICES OF COURAGE
Testimonies of rape victimes
How Joy Mendoza Forgave The Seven
Men Who Raped Her | A Forgiveness What Aubrey's Father Did To Her That PHOEBE FRUCTUOSO : HOW I
Story | Toni Talks Changed Her Life | Toni Talks SURVIVED….
“I was raped by 7 men, one “Pagka nagrerefuse ako “I woke up na someone’s
of my friends was raped by sinusuntok niya yung hita on top of me, penetrating
3 men, and then another ko, or kunwari tatabi ako sa me and then I was pinned
one was parang.. I think she lola ko yayakap ako ng down. I couldn't do
had her period so parang mahigpit paggabi para hindi anything, so I just woke up
hindi natuloy, but she was niya ako makuwa. Pero like what is happening? I
also abused.” hihilahin niya ang buhok remember I was screaming
ko... gigisingin niya ako.” as loud like internally.”
'I said no 20 times', military rape A Crime Unpunished: Bangladeshi One Last Cry - 1. Introduction,
victims speak out Gang Rape Philippino Comfort Women Story
Danique: “I was repeatedly “They took me to a nearby “Gabi-gabi yan ginagawa
raped over several period by school. They kicked the nila sa amin yan. Kaya
the high-level senior enlisted lock open and pushed me yung kapatid kung isa
people in my chain of
into the room. They ripped nasiraan ng ulo kasi hindi
command”
Lily: “I said no like 20 times off all my clothes. I was lang naman isa ang
and they just didn’t stop.” wearing my veil and they mangrarape sayo eh, dalawa
Rachel: “The second time he also ripped it off. Three of tatlo.”
did I was like.. you need to the six men raped me and
stop and he didn’t, and he the other three didn’t.”
raped me.”
PREVENTIVE MEASURE
For rape and sexual abuse
Republic Act 8353:
An Act Expanding the Definition of the Crime of Rape and Reclassifying the same as Crime
Against Persons
WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE IS RAPE PREVENTION
RAPED?
TRUST YOUR INSTINCT
Seek help to experts in
If something
“Pagka is nagrerefuse
wrong try toako
get
handling sexual abuse
away from the situation
sinusuntok niya yung hita
ko, or kunwari tatabi ako sa
lola ko yayakap ako ng
Assist the victim in a safe AVOID BEINGpaggabi
mahigpit ALONE para hindi
shelter Do notniya
go withakopeople you do Pero
makuwa. not
know and do not niya
hihilahin rust ang buhok
ko... gigisingin niya ako.”
BE AWARE
Support the victim when Be mindful of where you are and
she decides to file a case what is around you. Do not cover
both of your ears with earphones
Make sure the victim is
prepared in all aspects KEEP YOUR PHONE
For emergency purposes,
communicate and ask help through
your phone
Coordinate with people STAY AWAY FROM
who can assist and support DESERTED AREAS
the victim Appear strong, confident, aware,
and secure in your surroundings.
WHERE TO GET HELP?
Philippine National Police (PNP) DOJ - Public Attorney's Office (DOJ-PAO)
Emergency Hotline: 911 Tel. Nos.: 929-9010 / 526-2747 / 929-9436
National Bureau of investigation (NBI) UP-PGH Women's Desk
Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Desk Tel. Nos.: 524-2990 / 567-3394
(VAWCD) DOH Hospital's Women and Children Protection Unit
Tel. Nos.: 523-8231 to 38 / 525-6028 Tel. No. 651-7800
THE MORAL ISSUE
What is wrong with rape?
“Nothing is quite as obvious as it appears, seem to
be doubting that rape is wrong at all.” said Gardner
& Shute (2000). However, the moral issues of rape
do not simply lie on the fact that it was done
without consent. What exactly, in other words, is
wrong with rape? There are many things that can
be said that is totally wrong with it. Aside from the
fact that it is done against one’s will, the act of
rape violates the victim’s rights. But which rights?
This is the proprietary right over her own body. It
is her body, she owns it, thus, no one is allowed to
use or touch it without her say-so. In addition,
rape changes someone’s life for the worse. After
the terrifying event of someone violating you,
there is the pain and discomfort of having to go
through your life as if it didn’t happen.
Perpetrators cause a great deal of harm, scarring
his victims both physically and psychologically.
The harmfulness of the rape itself is one of the
moral issues on this case. It harms the victim’s
self-esteem, their sense of humanity, and the
ability to interact with other people. The shame of
walking around feeling everyone’s eyes on you is
nonetheless, frightening.
What then is the moral issue with rape? It goes
without saying that the action is illegal, but what is
morally problematic are the repercussions it has on
the victims. Not only are their rights and freedoms
violated, but the victims also suffer from an
unfathomable and painful experience that they will
have to live with for the rest of their lives.
PERSONAL STAND
Is rape moral or immoral?
We believe that morals are the principles that help us distinguish between
good and wrong. When someone is immoral, they intentionally violate the
moral laws, norms, or standards. We consider rape as a human action that
hurt and harm other people and causes mental, emotional and physical
trauma to the victim as well as to the rapist. We stand that the act itself is
morally wrong. Rape is ethically unacceptable due to the fundamental wrong
of any incident. Rape is the set of indefensible core direct injury caused to the
victim. We agree on the fact that it is ethically wrong since it causes pain,
unhappiness, and suffering to the person. It could lead to post-traumatic
stress disorder because of the victim's difficulty of getting the event out of
their head. We side along with the statement that rape is morally wrong due
to the fact that it is a sin which may force others to commit suicide since their
innocence has been taken away from them, making it difficult for them to
present themselves to other individuals in the society.
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