GLOBAL

ENVIRONMENT ISSUES
AND CONCERNS
Belonio, Marian Agnes
Cisneros, Shanley
Matavia, Bea
The Global Environment Issues refers to
the various environmental problems
that are happening all around the
world. These are harmful effect to the
environment usually caused by human
activities.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT ISSUES AND CONCERNS INCLUDE:

CLIMATE CHANGE OZONE DEPLETION

DEPLETION OF NATURAL
LAND DESERTIFICATION
RESOURCES

ACID RAIN OVERPOPULATION

POLLUTION (LAND, WATER, BIODIVERSITY LOSS

AIR)

GLOBAL WARMING
CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate change is the long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a
place. Climate change could refer to a particular location or the planet as a whole.

CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE:

GENERATING ELECTRICITY
Generating electricity and heat by burning fossil fuels causes a large chunk of
global emissions. Most electricity is still generated by burning coal, oil, or gas,
which produces carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide – powerful greenhouse gasses
that blanket the Earth and trap the sun’s heat

MANUFACTURERS
Manufacturing and industry produce emissions, mostly from burning fossil fuels to
produce energy for making things like cement, iron, steel, electronics, plastics, clothes,
and other goods.
Mining and other industrial processes also release gases, as does the construction industry.
Machines used in the manufacturing process often run on coal, oil, or gas; and some materials,
like plastics, are made from chemicals sourced from fossil fuels. The manufacturing industry is
one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide.

DEFORESTATION
Cutting down forests to create farms or pastures, or for other reasons, causes emissions,
since trees, absorb carbon dioxide, destroying them also limits nature’s ability to keep
emissions out of the atmosphere.

GAS EMISSIONS FROM AUTOMOBILES

Most cars, trucks, ships, and planes run on fossil fuels. That makes transportation a
major contributor of greenhouse gasses, especially carbon-dioxide emissions. Road
vehicles account for the largest part, due to the combustion of petroleum-based
products, like gasoline, in internal combustion engines
EFFECTS OF
CLIMATE CHANGE

[Link] TEMPERATURES
[Link] STORMS
[Link] DROUGHT
[Link] OF SPECIES
[Link] SCARCITY
[Link] AND
DISPLACEMENT
[Link] PROBLEMS
LAND DESERTIFICATION
Land Desertification Consequences of desertification
- the process by which vegetation in drylands i.e. arid and semi-arid 1. Crop failures or decreased yields in
lands, such as grasslands or shrublands, decreases and eventually rain-fed farmland
disappears. The concept does not refer to the physical expansion of 2. Reduced woody biomass and thus
existing deserts, but to the various processes that threaten to turn scarcity of fuelwood and building
currently non-desert ecosystems into deserts. materials
3. Decrease in potable water stocks
Some Causes of Land Desertification from reductions in surface water and
Human activities such as: groundwater flow
1. Expansion and intensive use of agricultural land 4. Increased flooding due to rising
2. Poor Irrigation practices sedimentation in rivers and lakes
3. Deforestation 5. Amplified air and water pollution from
4. Overgrazing dust and sedimentation.
ACID RAIN
 Acid rain describes any form of precipitation that contains high levels of nitric and sulfuric acids. It can also occur in the
form of snow, fog, and tiny bits of dry material that settle to Earth.

Causes of Acid Rain

Natural disasters such as Volcanic eruptions cause acid rain. However, the biggest sources came from human activities
such as:
- Burning of fossil fuel
- Exhaust from automobiles
- Smoke releases by power plants

Effects of Acid Rain

1. It harms the forest. Acid rain that seeps into the ground can dissolve nutrients, such as magnesium and calcium, that
trees need to be healthy. This loss of nutrients makes it easier for infections, insects, and cold weather to damage trees
and forests.
2. It damages lakes and streams.
3. It damages building and objects. The chemicals found in acid rain can cause paint to peel and buildings begin to
appear old and worn down, which reduces their stability and safety.
4. It causes health problems. When acid rain takes the form of inhalable fog, acid precipitation can cause respiratory
problems such as asthma.
POLLUTION
Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment and contamination
of the physical and biological constituents in the earth's atmosphere
· Changes in energy
· Different radiation levels
· Unwanted biological, physical, and chemical changes in biosphere

Primary Sources of Pollution:

- Automobile pollution
- Industrial air pollution
- Radioactive elements
- Brick kilns
- Indoor air pollution
- Soil erosion
- fumes
Effects of Pollution Prevention of Pollution
· Affects all things 3Rs concept:
· Reduces visibility
· Reduce
· Blocks sunlight
· Reuse
· Causes acid rain
· Recycle
· Harms forests, wildlife, and
agriculture
· Causes climate change
· Causes risk of infections to humans
· Both short and long term
GLOBAL WARMING
Global warming is an aspect of
climate change, referring to the
long-term rise of the planet's
temperatures. This increases
concentrations of greenhouse
gasses in the atmosphere, there are
also various causes of global
warming both natural and
manmade mainly from human
activities such as:

· Burning fossil fuels

· Farming
· Industrialization
· Vehicle fumes
· Greenhouse gasses and more.
EFFECTS OF GLOBAL PREVENTION OF GLOBAL
WARMING WARMING
· Warming temperatures · Stop deforestation in all forms
· Changes in precipitation · Plant more trees
· Increases in the frequency or intensity of · Conserve energy
extreme weather events · Conserve Water
· Rising sea levels · Reduce pollution
· Threatening supplies
- freshwater and clean air
- fuel and energy resources
- food and medicine etc.
OZONE DEPLETION
OZONE LAYER DEPLETION IS The main causes of ozone depletion are
THE THINNING OF THE manufactured chemicals, especially
OZONE LAYER PRESENT IN manufactured halocarbon refrigerants, solvents,
THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE. propellants, and foam-blowing agents, such as:
THIS HAPPENS WHEN THE
CHLORINE AND BROMINE NATURAL CAUSES
ATOMS IN THE ATMOSPHERE - Sun-spots
COME IN CONTACT WITH - Stratospheric Winds
OZONE AND DESTROY THE MAN-MADE CAUSES (ODS)
OZONE MOLECULES. - CFC (80%)
- Methyl Chloroform
- Hydrofluorocarbon
- Carbon Tetrachloride
 EFFECTS OF OZONE
DEPLETION

· INCREASES AMOUNTS OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION

· INCREASE MELANOMA
· CAUSES UV RAYS TO REACH THE EARTH AND IT CAUSES
HARM TO LIVING ORGANISMS.
· IT CAN LEAD TO SKIN CANCER IN HUMANS.
· IT CAN LEAD TO CATARACTS IN HUMANS.
· IT CAN LEAD TO DAMAGE TO OUR IMMUNE SYSTEM BY
LOWERING THE BODY'S RESISTANCE TO DISEASES.
 PREVENTION OF
OZONE DEPLETION

1. BASIC INFORMATION
2. AVOID THE CONSUMPTION OF GASES DANGEROUS TO
THE OZONE LAYER
3. MINIMIZE THE USE OF CARS
4. DO NOT USE CLEANING PRODUCTS THAT ARE HARMFUL
TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND TO US
5. MAINTAIN AIR CONDITIONERS
DEPLETION OF
NATURAL RESOURCES
 DEPLETION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
it refers to the consumption or extraction of resources from the Earth's natural
environment at a rate that exceeds their natural replenishment. Natural
resources include various elements such as minerals, fossil fuels, forests,
water, and biodiversity, which are essential for human societies and the
functioning of ecosystems.

Depletion can occur through various human activities such as mining,

deforestation, overfishing, and excessive water usage. These activities often
result in the degradation or permanent loss of natural resources, leading to
environmental imbalances and negative impacts on both ecosystems and
human well-being.
CAUSES EFFECTS
Overexploitation Environmental degredation
Population growth Climate change
Industrialization and Economic impacts
Economic Growth Social conflicts
Lack of sustainable Disruption of ecosystems
practices and services
Need for alternative
solutions
The consequences of resource depletion are
wide-ranging and can include habitat
destruction, species extinction, soil erosion,
water scarcity, increased greenhouse gas
emissions, and a loss of ecosystem services
such as pollination, flood regulation, and
water purification.

Addressing the depletion of natural resources

requires sustainable resource management
practices, including conservation, recycling,
and the development of renewable
alternatives. It also involves promoting
responsible consumption patterns and
considering the long-term consequences of
resource use to ensure the well-being of both
current and future generations.
OVERPOPULATION
Overpopulation is a situation where the number of people in a specific
area exceeds the carrying capacity of the environment to support a
satisfactory quality of life. It occurs when the population size surpasses the
available resources and infrastructure necessary to sustain the population
adequately.
Several factors contribute to overpopulation, including high birth rates,
lower mortality rates, increased life expectancy, and migration. These
factors can lead to a rapid increase in population growth, straining
resources such as food, water, housing, energy, and healthcare systems.
Overpopulation can have significant social, economic, and environmental impacts.
Some of the consequences or effects include: Strain on Resources,Environmental
Impact, Poverty and Inequality, Urbanization Challenges, Pressure on Social
Systems.

Addressing overpopulation requires a comprehensive approach that involves

education, access to family planning and reproductive health services,
economic development, and sustainable resource management. Promoting
sustainable population growth can contribute to a better balance between human
needs and the carrying capacity of the environment.
BIODIVERSITY LOSS
Biodiversity loss is the decline in the Biodiversity encompasses the diversity of life at
variety and abundance of species, as various levels, including genetic diversity within
well as the degradation of ecosystems species, the variety of species within ecosystems,
on Earth. It is primarily caused by and the diversity of ecosystems themselves. It is
human activities such as: habitat essential for the functioning of ecosystems and
destruction, pollution, climate provides numerous benefits to human societies,
change, invasive species, including ecosystem services like pollination,
overexploitation of natural nutrient cycling, water purification, and climate
resources, and changes in land use regulation.
Efforts to address biodiversity loss involve conservation
measures such as habitat protection, restoration of
degraded ecosystems, sustainable use of natural
resources, and the establishment of protected areas.
International agreements, like the Convention on Biological
Diversity, aim to conserve biodiversity and promote its
sustainable use. Additionally, raising awareness, promoting
sustainable practices, and integrating biodiversity
considerations into decision-making processes are
crucial steps towards mitigating biodiversity loss.
THANK YOU!