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Difference Between Open System & Closed System, Dani

The document discusses the differences between open and closed systems, noting that open systems interact with their environment through importing energy and exporting outputs while closed systems do not interact with the environment. Open systems are dynamic and flexible due to environmental influences, while closed systems are rigid and static. Open systems also have feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis.

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1K views2 pages

Difference Between Open System & Closed System, Dani

The document discusses the differences between open and closed systems, noting that open systems interact with their environment through importing energy and exporting outputs while closed systems do not interact with the environment. Open systems are dynamic and flexible due to environmental influences, while closed systems are rigid and static. Open systems also have feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis.

Uploaded by

dimpihazarika840
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Paper –Principles and Practice of Management Dr.

James Hussain
Paper Code-MB-101, Assistant Professor (Guest Faculty)
MBA, Sem-I [email protected]

Topic- Difference between Open System & Closed System

The boundary of a system classifies it into two parts: closed system and open system. All living

organisms are open system while all non-living systems are closed system. The major differences

between the two are as follows:

1. Closed systems are those that have no interaction with environment, that is, no outside system

impinges on them or for which no outside systems are to be considered. Open systems are those

that interact with their environment, that is, they have systems with which they relate, exchange,

and communicate

2. Closed systems are self-contained and self-maintaining as they do not interact with the

environment. Open systems interact with their environment and in this interaction, they import

energy and export output. Because of this interaction, closed systems are rigid and static but open

systems are dynamic and flexible as they are subject to change by environmental forces.

3. Closed systems are generally mechanical, for example, an automatic watch. Therefore, once

they are set, they work. However, open systems are affected by environmental factors and they

have to be adjusted according to environment. Thus, they require restructuring because of change

in environment.

4. Closed systems are like close loop while open systems are characterised by negative entropy.

They import more energy than is expanded or consumed. Thus, they can grow over the period of

time. When this relationship is reversed, the open systems decline.


5. Open systems have feedback mechanism that helps them to maintain homoeostatic a kind of

equilibrium. Homoeostatic is a process through which a system regulates: itself around a stable

state. For example, human body works on the principle of homoeostatic. It maintains its

temperature relatively at a constant level despite variations in the environmental temperature.

Similarly, thermostat maintains this equilibrium. However, organisational equilibrium is not

static. It, beings a dynamic system, gets feedback to maintain dynamic equilibrium. In closed

systems, there is no such feedback mechanism.

The distinction between closed and open systems is there but really no system is a closed one but

has some properties of open systems. The classification of various systema into closed and open

is not very proper. Therefore, it is more appropriate to think system in terms of the degree to

which they are open or closed rather than using a dichotomy a open-close.

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