BEED 8: Teaching Math in the Intermediate Grades
Lesson 1 and 2
NUMBER AND NUMBER SENSE 1
Israel M. Castillo, MAEd
Laguna State Polytechnic University- SPCC
1. Real Numbers
1. Real Numbers
Real Numbers (R) The set of rational and −4
{ , 0, 2, 𝜋}
irrational numbers. 3
Rational Numbers (Q) These are the elements of the set
𝒂
𝑸 = {𝒃 𝒔𝒖𝒄𝒉 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒂 𝒊𝒔 𝒂𝒏 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒆𝒓 1 4
𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃 𝒊𝒔 𝒂 𝒏𝒐𝒏𝒛𝒆𝒓𝒐 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒆𝒓}.
{ , , 3}
2 7
Moreover, rational numbers
can be represented as
terminating or repeating decimals.
Irrational Numbers (Q’) 𝑸′ = {𝒙 𝒔𝒖𝒄𝒉 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒄𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒍 {𝜋, 2.1345789902 … }
𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒙 𝒊𝒔
𝒏𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒏𝒐𝒏𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈}
They cannot be expressed as
quotient of two integers.
1. Real Numbers
Natural Numbers It contains all counting
(N) numbers or set of positive {1,2,3, . . . }
integers.
Whole Numbers (W) It consists of natural numbers {0,1,2,3, . . . }
including 0.
Integers (Z) The set of integers is the unio {… − 3, −2, −1, 0,1,2,3, . . . }
n of three disjoint subsets.
1. Natural Numbers
2. Zero
3. Negative Integers (Z-)
2. Prime and Composite Numbers
• Numbers with exactly 2 factors are called
prime numbers.
• Numbers that have more than two factors are
called composite numbers.
3. Greatest Common Factor and Least Common
Multiple
• The greatest common factors (GCF) of two number
s is the greatest common factor which is common to
the given numbers.
• The least common multiple (LCM) of a set of numbers
is the smallest multiple that is common to the given
numbers.
3. Greatest Common Factor
• The greatest common factors (GCF) of two numbers is the greatest common factor which is common to the given numbers.
Find the greatest common factor of 36 and 48
36 48
2 18 2 24
2 9 2 12
3 3
3 4
36 2x2x3x3
=2x2x3= 12 2 2
48 2x2x2x2x3
3. Greatest Common Factor
• The greatest common factors (GCF) of two numbers is the greatest common factor which is common to the given numbers.
Find the greatest common factor of 36 and 48
36 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36
48 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48
Exercises #2
Find the greatest common factor of the given pair
of numbers. (Use any method)
1. 76 and 92
2. 145 and 230
3. 144 and 567
4. 1080 and 1250
5. 2480 and 3415
3. Greatest Common Factor and Least Common
Multiple
• The least common multiple (LCM) of a set of numbers
is the smallest multiple that is common to the given
numbers.
3. Least Common Multiple
Find the least common multiple of 36 and 48
36 48
2 18 2 24
2 9 2 12
3 3
3 4
36 2x2x3x3
=2x2x2x2x3x3= 144 2 2
48 2x2x2x2x3
Exercises #2
Find the greatest common factor of the given pair
of numbers. (Use any method)
1. 26 and 48
2. 88 and 96
3. 144 and 256
4. 1080 and 1250
5. 2480 and 3415
Thank you! ☺
