HANOI UNIVERSITY
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES DEPARTMENT
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ROLES OF MARS IN THE UNIVERSE
Teacher: Vu Thi Hoang Yen
Student: Nguyen Huong Nguyen
Nguyen Thi Tam
Class: 1DC22CACN
Course: Research Writing
Hanoi, 13th February 2023
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ABSTRACT
The universe is a spacious concept, hard to analysis and
study from. In order to understand along with exploring the
potential of “The Red Planet”, this paper, based on
secondary research, discuss five aspect which are reason
people choose to study Mars, its characteristics, comparing
Mars with Earth and Venus, and finally the tourism
possibilities of Mars. Based on the findings of the
researches, the paper concluded that the importance of
Mars toward Earth and the Solar systems, despite its minor
size, is undeniable.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT..........................................................................................................................................2
II. Discuss of findings.......................................................................................................................4
1. Why Mars?...............................................................................................................................4
2. Mars – Characteristics............................................................................................................4
3. Mars and Earth........................................................................................................................6
4. Mars and Venus.......................................................................................................................6
5. Mars Tourism..........................................................................................................................6
III. Conclusion....................................................................................................................................7
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I. Introduction
One of the most sensational topics of nowadays world is whether there is another lifeform
except from earthlings. Exploring space more likely to be a demanding profession rather than
an amusement. Space is a much larger scale of existance than we can ever imagine and it
exspanding right at this moment with incredible speed every single second. To mesure
moreover investigate about what is infinity is imposible, instead, the inquiry of Mars is more
relevant and approachable. According to NASA in 1962, Mars is the fourth planet from the
Sun, aprroximately half the size of the Earth but its year contain 687 days which double the
Earth. One day on Mars last for 24 hours and 37 minutes, roughly 24.6 hours. The similarities
of Mars comparing to Earth is astounding, this incedent provokes the thoughts of being able
to live on Mars one day. Studying about Mars can be a crucial evolution in space studies
because more research about terrestrial planet can be carried out. An exhaustive summary
will exploit the possibilities of Mars, the importance of gaining information about the surface,
the atmostphere and interior of the planet to arrive at an understanding of the Mars dynamic
system and global context for assesment of the potential of Mars.
II. Discuss of findings
1. Why Mars?
Human exploration of Mars is justified on a number of scientific, tactical, and
strategic levels. Among these, we are aware that Mars is the solar system's most accessible
location. Also, investigating Mars offers the chance to potentially find the answers about the
genesis of life and may one day serve as a location for human survival. Exploring Mars
advances the standard of living on Earth, teaches us more about our home planet, and
strengthens the multinational exploration of space, all of which are important strategic goals.
Practically speaking, Mars is unique in the solar system since it is a planet with distinguish
climate and temperature but also analogous to Earth and Venus in certain perspective. Its
geology is well-known to be extremely diverse and complicated (like Earth), and it appears
that Mars' climate has evolved throughout the course of its history (like Earth). Investigating
Mars can help us answer many of the important issues about the solar system. This quest will
also significantly advance human understanding and encourage the following generation of
explorers.
2. Mars – Characteristics
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NASA claims that this planet, like Earth, has undergone differentiation, resulting in
an area of dense, metallic core that is surrounded by less dense components. Recent
simulations of Mars's interior point to a core area with a radius of 1,794 km and a
composition mostly of iron and nickel with a sulfur content of 16–17%. The crust of the
planet has a thickness reaches maximum by 125 km and an average thickness of roughly 50
km. In relation to the sizes of the two planets, the average thickness of Earth's crust, at 40 km,
is just one-third that of Mars' crust.
On Mars, dust storms frequently occur. They can happen at any time, normally during
the starts of spring and summer, when Mars is nearest to the Sun and its surface temperatures
are maximum, they tend to happen most frequently.
The geological activities that have taken place on Mars' surface throughout its history
are all recorded together. As specified by Balme in 2011, in the history of Mars, the
geomorphic landforms reveal both massive erosive periods and constructional processes. By
comparing surface alteration to geomorphic characteristics on Earth, it has been found that
volcanism, impact cratering, wind, and water have been the primary forces behind surface
modification. Broad restrictions have been set on the relative importance of these geological
processes though time.
The Mars’s surface nowadays is dry and cold with chemically oxidizing, facing an
intense wave of solar ultraviolet radiation. These factors are likely to bring about a limitation
or even to prohibit life at or near the surface of the Mars. Although the temperature during
daytime near the martian equator are able to rise above the freezing point of water during
times of the year thus, the average surface temperature is about –55° C, far beneath the
freezing degree of water. Mostly all the lifeforms on Earth contain aqueous chemistry which
is a state of liquid water, essential for life as we know it. According to Zurbin in 1997, Mars
also have a half-year summer in north pole in which these abnormal ice-form emit into the
atmosphere and be spread over the planet. He also pointed out the deformation of salts can be
such lower of ice freezing point, this concluded to a possibility that liquid water may exists
on or near the surface.
NASA has started looking for fitting areas for human landings on Mars in preparation
for sending humans there one day. The organization is seeking for areas with significant
scientific value that also have the resources needed to support manned missions to Mars. For
people to explore Mars, locally sourced natural resources like water and oxygen are essential.
Potential sources of liquid water include hydrated minerals, the environment, and
ground ice (either at or below the surface). The carbon dioxide that makes up the majority of
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Mars' atmosphere can be converted into oxygen. An instrument (MOXIE) used to
demonstrate the technology for oxygen synthesis will be part of the Mars 2020 rover mission.
3. Mars and Earth
The diameter of Mars is around half that of Earth, and its atmosphere is significantly
thinner, having a volume less than 1% of Earth's. The atmosphere is predominantly carbon
dioxide-based, whereas Earth's atmosphere is primarily nitrogen- and oxygen-rich. Evidence
found on the surface suggests that Mars was previously warmer and wetter because the
atmosphere has changed.
Over the years, asteroids and meteors have also had numerous impacts on Earth and
Mars. Yet, Mars' own impact craters, many of which date back billions of years, are far better
preserved. This is due to Mars's low air pressure and absence of precipitation, which cause
erosion to occur at a relatively slow rate. This wasn't always the case, though
4. Mars and Venus
According to the latest findings, Mars and Venus are remarkably similar despite their
disparate sizes and separations from the Sun. Flowing out of the atmospheres of both planets
are charged beams of electrically particles. By interacting with the solar wind, a continuous
stream of electrically charged particles emitted by the Sun, the particles are being propelled
away. Mars exhibits powerful small-scale magnetic fields trapped inside the planet's crust,
which is another revealing distinction between Mars and Venus. These pockets may either
shield the atmosphere or even assist in directing the atmosphere towards space depending on
the locale.
Mars and Venus both have atmospheres that are completely affected by the solar wind
since neither planet produces any significant magnetic fields internally.
It is interesting to note that this intense contact does produce a faint magnetic field
that wraps each planet and extends in a long tail beyond the night side. Mars' atmosphere is
thin and flimsy, in contrast to Venus' massive and dense atmosphere. The magnetometer
equipment has found that both planets' magnetic fields have a similar structural make-up
despite their variances.
5. Mars Tourism
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The suborbital spaceflight tourism sector has been the primary focus of studies on the
space tourism business to far. In order to evaluate the total market size and possible industry
earnings for suborbital flights, the numerous space tourism studies have examined the effect
of ticket price on market size.
III. Conclusion
With all the practical researches about “The Red planet”, it is reasonable that people
pay more attention to what is happening in the world right at this moment. An incredible
planet, waiting to be notice, to be recognize. Since Mars is sufficiently similar to Earth for
planetary scientists to assure that the inquiry of Mars’s exterior and climate can be
comprehend using analogs from Earth, new data are constantly revealing morphologies that
require new interpretations and serve as a reminder that exploration of the planet is still in its
infancy.
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REFERENCES
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