MYP Year: 5
Subject: Chemistry
Unit: Chemical equation and reaction
Global context: Orientation in space and Time
Criterion A - Revision sheet-1
Name …………………………… Date ……………
Topics covered:
Rate of reaction
Factors affecting rate of reaction
[Link] decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed by manganese (IV) oxide.
2H2O2(aq) 2H2O(l) + O2(g)
To 50 cm3 of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, 0.50 g of manganese (IV) oxide was added. The
volume of oxygen formed was measured every 20 seconds. The reaction rate was
calculated for each 20 second interval.
time / s 0 20 40 60 80 100
volume of oxygen / cm3 0 48 70 82 88 88
reaction rate in cm3 / s 2.4 1.1 ............. 0.3 0.0 0.0
(a) Explain how the reaction rate, 2.4 cm3 / s, was calculated for the first 20 seconds.
(b) Write down the missing value in the table. [1
(c) Analyze the given data on the table about reaction rate for decomposition of H2 O2 .
Explain why the rate of reaction is decreasing with time. [2]
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(d) The experiment was repeated but 1.0 g of manganese (IV) oxide was added.
Describe what effect, if any, would this have on the reaction rate and on the final volume of
oxygen and give a reason.
effect on rate= decrease [1]
reason [ 2]
effect on final volume of oxygen= none [1]
reason [2]
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2. Rate of reaction depends on concentration of reactants, temperature and possibly a catalyst or
light.
(e) A piece of magnesium ribbon was added to 100 cm 3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid.
The hydrogen evolved was collected in a gas syringe and its volume measured every 30
seconds.
20 40 60 80 100
hydrochloric acid
magnesium ribbon
In all the experiments mentioned in this question, the acid was in excess.
The results were plotted to give a graph.
volume of
hydrogen
time
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(i) The experiment was repeated. Two pieces of magnesium ribbon were added to 100
cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid. Sketch this graph on the same grid and label it
X.
[2]
(ii) The experiment was repeated using one piece of magnesium ribbon and 100 cm 3 of
1.0 mol/dm3 ethanoic acid. Describe how the shape of this graph would differ from
the one given on the grid.
Ethanoic acid is weaker acid than hydrochloric acid, so the reaction will take more time to be
completed, hence the shape of the graph would go further down indicating a slower rate of reaction.
(f) Reaction rate increases when concentration or temperature is increased.
Using the idea of reacting particles and kinetic theory, explain
increasing concentration increases reaction rate,
more surface area exposed, faster collision of particles, faster breaking and making of bonds, faster
rate of reaction.
increasing temperature increases reaction rate.
As the temperature increases, particles gain more kinetic energy, start moving faster, increased
collisions, faster rate of reaction.
[Link] following apparatus was used to measure the rate of the reaction between zinc and iodine.
to balance
100 cm3 of aqueous iodine,
thin plate of zinc 0.1 mol / dm3 at 25 oC
mixture stirred by
magnetic stirrer
The mass of the zinc plate was measured every minute until the reaction was complete.
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(i) Write an ionic equation for the redox reaction that occurred between zinc atoms and iodine
molecules.
Zn2+ + 2e- Zn
2I- 2e- + I2
Zn2+ + 2I- Zn + I2
[2]
(ii)Explain why the solution contained zinc ions.
[2]
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(iii)From the results of this experiment two graphs were plotted.
graph 1 graph 2
mass of loss of
plate mass
time time
(a)Which reagent iodine or zinc was in excess? Explain the reason for your choice.
[1]
(b)Describe how the shape of graph 1 would change if 100cm3 of 0.05 mol/dm3 iodine
had been used.
[2]
(c) On graph 2, sketch the shape if the reaction had been carried out using 100 cm 3 of
0.1 mol/dm3 iodine at 35 °C instead of at 25 °C.
[2]
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